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With contributions from an international team of experts, this book offers planners, engineers, and designers guidelines for using recycled water in landscape and agricultural applications. The book thoroughly covers all of the relevant technical, economic, financial, agronomic, health, environmental, regulatory, and social issues. It covers how to develop, implement, and operate wastewater reuse systems based on rigorous, best management practices that maximize efficiency, reliability, and economy while minimizing the potential for adverse effects to the environment and human health. Comprehensive tables, charts, figures, photographs, and case studies make the information easy to find. ... Read more

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Water reuse for irrigation
It's a useful book for those who are trying to make sense of the larger texts (or possibly just governmental guidelines) on water reuse because it pulls together information from a variety of influential sources and consolidates this into summary text and tables. A good starting point for those wishing to understand sustainable water reuse. ... Read more

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Manure is organic matter used as organic fertiliser in agriculture. Manure contributes to the fertility of the soil by adding organic matter and nutrients, such as nitrogen that is trapped by bacteria in the soil. As the interest in organic farming and renewable energy production continues to grow, manure is playing an important role in the production of bioenergy, food, and other agricultural products. This book discusses varied topics on the management, uses and environmental impacts of manure, such as: the bioremediational technique of adding nitrite-oxidising bacteria for reducing N2O emission during swine manure composting; improving performance and manure management in the French pig sector; manure management in Africa; phosphorous forms in animal manure and the impact on soil P status; and others. ... Read more

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Today the goal of designing highly productive, sustainable agricultural production systems is at the forefront of agricultural research agendas around the world. The key to designing sustainable agricultural production technologies is in understanding their economic, environmental, and human health impacts. This volume presents a methodology designed to quantify such impacts and to represent them as tradeoffs. This tradeoff methodology is proposed as an approach to accomplish two essential elements in achieving agricultural sustainability. First, the tradeoffs method is a key to the design of successful interdisciplinary research projects for assessing sustainability of production systems. Second, the tradeoffs method provides a successful means of communicating research findings to policy makers and the public. ... Read more

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After defining the complex nature of agriculture in the context of environmental constraints, social stimuli and its temporal dimension, Mannion describes the centres of plant and domestication and the subsequent spread of agricultural systems worldwide. Discusses the environmental impact of agriculture on low, middle and high latitudes and new developments in agriculture including biotechnology, genetic engineering and the potentialities for creating sustainable agriculture. ... Read more

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The role of agriculture and its impact on Australia's relatively fragile environment is acontinuing source of unresolved concern. In the past, agricultural producers and theenvironmental movement have adopted polarised views on how the Australian landscapeshould be managed.

Some environmentalists have perceived primary producers as exploiters of our naturalresources while some farmers have viewed environmental groups as achieving legislativechanges without regard to the need to earn a living from the land.

In recent times, however, considerable progress has been made.Research has provideda well-advanced understanding of environmental capability and it is no longer seen asacceptable for land managers to continue with practices that exacerbate landdegradation. Most farmers desire reclamation and ultimate sustainability.

This book offers a definitive and positive contribution to the significance, responsibilitiesand accountabilities of agriculture and highlights the underpinning role of science inenvironmental issues.

Prepared for the Ninth Australian Agronomy Conference on 'Growing a GreenerFuture', the book provides an up-to-date account of the scientific knowledge of somemajor environmental problems facing farmlands. It also raises many contentious issuesthat need to be addressed.

Agriculture and the Environmental Imperative will make a positive contribution tothe convergence of attitudes of farmers, environmentalists and government in the searchfor sustainability. ... Read more

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Contents: The Use of Fertilizer and Its Environmental Consequences; The Impact of Farming Practices on Reducing Excess Nitrogen Fertilizer Use; The Application Timing of Nitrogen Fertilizer; The Effects of the Timing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Irrigation on Yield and Nitrogen Loss in Cotton Production; Costs of Reducing Residual Nitrogen on Cropland Vulnerable to Nitrate Leaching; Market-Based Incentives for Addressing nonpoint Water Quality Problems: A Residual nitrogen Tax Approach; An Evaluation of Soil Nitrogen Testing Considering the Carry-Over Effect; Using Insurance to Enhance Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Timing to Reduce Nitrogen Losses to the Environment. ... Read more

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Written by teams from the two countries, this report presents an integrated picture of the environmental features of agriculture and the accompanying threat to biodiversity, supported by data related to the entire territory of the former Czechoslovakia. A valuable guide for agricultural policy makers and nature protectors in an era of rapid change. ... Read more

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World trade in agriculture, with its massive subsidies, restrictive barriers, international collaboration and competition, and the livelihoods of millions of farmers worldwide at stake, is an emotive subject that often provokes heated debate. So how can sustainability in agriculture be addressed whilst taking these issues into account?

"Sustainability in Agriculture" presents an authoritative and balanced overview of many of the key factors that impact upon world agricultural practices. The aim is to throw light on the subject and so generate informed and rational discussion of the topics which so often generate powerful emotions.

The contributions from experts from around the globe cover: Free trade, Fair and unfair trade, GM crops, The use of pesticides, Change in land use and sustainable development and the Economic consequences of recent changes in the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union

The timeliness of this book, discussing as it does many hotly debated issues, make it essential reading for all those having an interest in the future of agriculture worldwide, but especially farmers and students of farming, environmental scientists, government agencies and policy makers.

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Flexible Incentives for the Adoption of EnvironmentalTechnologies in Agriculture identifies and structures moreflexible economic incentives for the achievement of environmentalgoals in agriculture. It provides a conceptual framework and presentscase studies that analyze how flexible incentives can addressenvironmental problems that are caused by agricultural production. Thebook brings together economists, agency personnel and politicaleconomists for the purpose of exploring how new cutting-edge economictools could be developed and applied to environmental problems. Thegoal of the book is to complement and to expand the economic theory ofenvironmental regulation and technology adoption with new researchfindings. The key theme of this book is the important role technology takes whenaddressing environmental problems. New technologies and technicaldevelopment are broadly defined to include economic instruments,innovative ways to communicate environmental information, new economicinstitutions, and education. This book is designed for public andprivate policymakers, government analysts, teachers, researchers andstudents who specialize in the fields of natural resources,agricultural economics and environmental regulation. It provides afresh perspective on what types of incentives may be used to lead usto the desired environmental outcomes and offers new ideas about thetypes of economic instruments that may achieve these outcomes. ... Read more

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Although the history of the Common Agricultural Policy(CAP) is dominated by a process of centralization, growing pressuresto integrate agri-environmental problems into the CAP have revealedthe need to embrace decentralized approaches in an efficient federalstructure. Indeed, in recent years it has become increasingly evidentthat the agricultural sector must undergo fundamental changes in orderto enter an era of sustainable development.

The authors do not believe that this will be an easy process, not only because agricultural policies in Europe are dominated by specific interest groups, but primarily because integrating environmental aspects into the CAP requires difficult institutional change at different levels. Centralized decision making at the EU level has characterized recent agricultural policy and the authors argue that centralized and hierarchical governance structures may fail to produce adequate solutions if they are not linked to regional and more diverse institutional arrangements. They demonstrate how these new institutional arrangements should be designed and how this change can be organized. In particular, they highlight the need for cooperation, and the participation of farmers, as a strategy to cope with agri-environmental issues and resource management problems.

Addressing the value of co-operative strategies to achieve sustainable development and cope with agri-environmental problems, this book will be of great interest to agricultural economists and those with an interest in ecological reforms of agricultural policies. It will also be particularly relevant to policymakers within EU nations, as well as policymakers within the countries of Eastern and Central Europe who will be among the first to be admitted to the EU in the next wave of expansion. ... Read more

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Global Environmental Change and Agriculture offers a comprehensive perspective on the consequences and possible policy solutions for climatic change as we move into the twenty-first century.It assesses the impact of potential future global climate change on agriculture and the need to sustain agricultural growth for economic development.The book begins by examining the role of international research institutions in overcoming environmental constraints on sustainable agricultural growth and economic development.The authors then discuss how agricultural research systems may be restructured to respond to global environmental problems such as climate change and loss of genetic diversity.The discussion then extends to consider environmental accounting and indexing, to illustrate how environmental quality can be included formally in measures of national income, social welfare and sustainability.The third part of the book focuses on the effects of and policy responses to climate change.Chapters examine the effect of climate change on production, trade, land use patterns and livelihoods.They consider impacts on the distribution of income between developed and developing countries and between different social classes within the developing world, where agriculture remains a major economic activity.The authors take an economy-wide perspective to draw lessons for agricultural, trade, land use and tax policy.This book will be of special interest to agricultural, development and environmental economists as well as policy analysts in government and at international agencies confronting practical problems of environmental and economic assessment. ... Read more

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This volume is part of a series aiming to give an overview and compendium of knowledge on the European presence beyond Europe in the early modern period. Each volume seeks to transcend nationalist histories and to examine on the global stage rather than in discrete regions important selected facets of the European overseas presence. This part of the series deals with the exploitation of resources, specifically with the exploitation of the land and the ecological and environmental impact of this exploitation. Focusing mainly on Central and South America, biological exchange, exploitation, and conservation are studied through exploring such subjects as the diffusion of Meso-American food complex to southeastern Europe, landscape, system, and identity in the post-conquest Andes, and environmental change in colonial New Mexico. ... Read more