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A devastating wake up call. Highly recommended
Now in a fully revised new edition, Europe Inc. examines the ways in which major industrial corporations have gained so much power as lobbyists within the European Union that they pose a threat to democracy itself. From the factors that have promoted the domination of corporate influence, to how that influence has pressured governments to privatize public services, deregulate industry, and remove social and environmental protections, to the roughshod treatment of small business, organized labor, and individual citizens, and much more, Europe Inc. is a devastating wake up call. Highly recommended. ... Read more

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The European Commission is increasingly keen to intervene in European industry, along the lines of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) in Japan. There are some 300 support schemes in Europe, 30 of them covering EC pre-competitive collaborative R&D, and 20 dealing with training. Between now and the spring of 1994, the EC intends spending #6.3bn on R&D programmes - #4.2bn of it in new money. Although the acronyms for many of the programmes will disappear, no one should doubt the Commission's intention to support European technology. This is only of benefit to companies, however, if they can find out exactly what is available to help them. Information is coming from the London and Brussels offices of both the European Community and the European Parliament, and some public affairs consultants. This book collects, integrates, assesses and presents this in a more appropriate form, at a fraction of the price that would be charged by consultants. IT companies will learn from this book how to get grants, loans, R&D contracts, tax concessions, and help in finding partners. ... Read more

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This is a work presenting research on the main impediments to exports facing transitional economies. It specifically addresses questions such as: are the impediments to exports mainly external and demand related, or are they associated with more with supply? How have governments encouraged exports after their influence over enterprise activity has been reduced? What strategies have enterprises developed to overcome existing barriers to exports? And what role do foreign investment and capital play in the development of competitive export potential? ... Read more

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Good for basics, but not if you are thinking for yourself
In researching the economy of Yugoslavia and of the transition from Communism to a more capitalist form of economy, this book will serve one relatively well for a surface overview of the countries in question,particularly the former Yugoslavia, Poland and Hungary. However, once youdig below the surface, one will find that the information offered, whileerudite and well written, is somewhat biased and not necessarily complete.This, of course, is if you are really digging.

I wrote my thesis onSlovenia's economy. This book did not deal directly with Slovenia, which isunique and distinct both from the rest of Eastern Europe and from the restof the former Yugoslavia. However, this collection of essays portrays, forexample, worker's self-management, which has served Slovenia quite well, asthe reason Yugoslavia's economy failed. With more scrutiny it seems clearthat self-management is not flawed as a system; rather, Yugoslavia's fiscalirresponsibility and mismanagement led to the economic chaos that ensued inthe 1980s and partially led to the collapse of the Yugoslav state in the1990s. Fiscal mismanagement is independent of the economic system of whichit is a part.

I see this collection of essays as a good starting pointfor gathering some background information. ... Read more

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The contributors to this volume consider the consequences of Eastern enlargement of the EU for trade and investment in Europe, paying particular attention to the impact of removing technical barriers to trade, the key remaining constraint upon trade flows.

The principal impact of enlargement on trade and investment flows will be through access to the Single Market and the removal of non-tariff barriers. Such barriers arise from differences in the way that products are regulated across countries. This volume contains contributions which assess the significance of technical barriers to trade and the potential impact of their removal, based upon detailed analysis of actual trade flows and the results of firm surveys in four Central and Eastern European countries.

Enlargement, Trade and Investment is recommended to researchers in the field of international trade and those interested in the issue of the economic impact of enlargement. Scholars teaching about the European Union will also find this volume of great value. ... Read more

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Over the last three years, the anti-trust environment in Europe has undergone major changes, as the so called process of modernisation gathers pace. In May 2004, the European Commission lost its exclusive jurisdiction to deal with restrictive agreements and dominance. As a result EU Member States’ national competition authorities acquired the power to implement European competition rules, as embodied in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty.

This decentralisation of power means that companies operating in several Member States must be aware of each jurisdictions’ relevant competition rules to ensure full compliance. Those wishing to complain about anti-competitive practices can now choose between different national competition authorities. Being able to identify the strengths and weaknesses of different competition regimes is therefore important for both those who wish to ensure compliance and those who want to complain about anti-competitive activities. However by ‘outsourcing’ the burden of implementing the anti-trust rules, some wonder whether the EU’s competition regime has taken a step closer to the US regime. Since 1 May 2004 we have been waiting for an explosion of cases in the national courts based on breaches of the competition rules. To date this has not happened. Is this because of obstacles such as the lack of treble damages, class actions and contingency fees? As a result of the above changes, advising on competition issues in Europe requires not only an understanding of the competition rules in each jurisdiction, but also an understanding of how the national courts deal with competition cases.

The second edition of A Practical Guide to National Competition Rules across Europe aims to address these issues. Firstly it provides practical information on the competition regimes (including merger control) in each of the EU member states as well as Norway and Switzerland. Secondly it analyses the civil procedure rules in each jurisdiction and considers the extent to which competition litigation is likely to increase in the future. Each country chapter has been prepared by experienced competition lawyers. The second edition of the guide also includes a comparable analysis of the competition rules in Europe with those in other jurisdictions including Australia, Canada, Japan and the United States.

Marjorie Holmes and Lesley Davey, both experienced competition lawyers from international law firm Reed Smith Richards Butler LLP, draw on the information provided in each of the country chapters to reach interesting and important conclusions and recommendations.

Reviews of the First Edition:

‘This book can be treated as a practical guide and a good one at that’

Stephen Glasper, Chambers, Sept/October 2004

‘I commend this book for its contribution to the practical knowledge of the international competition law community as well as its assistance in attaining the “holy grail” of the harmonization of legal approaches to competition law issues’

Susan Yee-Kong, Ebsworth & Ebsworth TPLJ 2004

(Australian Trade Practices Law Journal)

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A trade barrier is a general term that describes any government policy or regulation that restricts international trade. The barriers can take many forms, including: Import duties, Import licenses, Export licenses, Import quotas, Tariffs, Subsidies. Non-tariff barriers to trade, Voluntary Export Restraints, and Local Content Requirements. Most trade barriers work on the same principle: the imposition of some sort of cost on trade that raises the price of the traded products. If two or more nations repeatedly use trade barriers against each other, then a trade war results. Economists generally agree that trade barriers are detrimental and decrease overall economic efficiency, this can be explained by the theory of comparative advantage.In theory, free trade involves the removal of all such barriers, except perhaps those considered necessary for health or national security. In practice, however, even those countries promoting free trade heavily subsidise certain industries, such as agriculture and steel. ... Read more

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on High-Performance Computing and Networking, HPCN Europe 2001, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands in June 2001.
The 67 revised papers and 15 posters presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of almost 200 submissions. Among the areas covered are Web/grid applications of HPCN, end user applications, computational science, computer science, and Java in HPCN. ... Read more

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Should trade unions simply respond to turbulent changes in industrial relations or can they innovate and set their own agenda? In the face of technological, economic, political and cultural change, trade unions across Europe face a genuine threat to their past achievements and their future capacity to act and shape industrial relations. In this text a group of authors examines the unions' strategic policies in seven European member states and at the European Union level, as well as their responses to the globalization of economic competition. Using theoretical and historical analysis as well as up-to-date empirical research, they examine the successes of trade unions and their capacity to innovate in order to remain strategic actors in the industrial relations arena. In particular, the authors examine trade union policies responding to topical issues such as training, sustainable growth, flexibility, decentralization, deregulation and neo-liberal state policies. The work explores responses to the main economic, managerial, political and socio-cultural features of the transformation process facing trade unions in Europe and their opportunities to innovate or adapt.It should be useful to researchers and students interested in industrial relations, personnel management, and the social and economic implications of European integration. ... Read more

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This new collection of essays by an international group of lawyers and social scientists examines the pattern of regulation now being put in place to cope with the major transformation in the territorial organization of economic activity and of political power. The essays address the question of how legal institutions will emerge to mediate the dynamic of the new international marketplace; the technical problem of selecting the appropriate level of government for economic regulation; and the concern that the global economy's operation outside of the control of national regulation will, absent of developed international legal institutions, frustrate the democratic process. ... Read more

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This second yearbook from the Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies offers a "tour d'horizon" of current trade issues related to the CMEA countries. The book begins with a survey of reforms in trade and trade policies, and throughout the contributors examine what the Soviet Union is doing to attract foreign capital and how individual East European countries are developing or adjusting their trade policies. They offer evidence to show why small West European countries can contain the possible negative effects of trading with the Soviet Union better than their small East European counterparts. ... Read more

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Economic integration is the most noteworthy development in international economic policy at the end of this century. Enthusiasm for the European Union has been infectuous. Yet, there are many aspects for the EU that still remain obscure and which warrant further careful scrutiny. The subject of this book is the examination of the inherent economic and political inefficiencies in the transition process of Central and East European countries which are apt to slow down its pace, divert it from its proper course and, in some cases, even endanger its sustainability. The authors of the contributions in this book, economists and political scientists, investigate the applicability of the hyperthesis of mutual benefits resulting from countries in transition becoming open to international trade and investment. ... Read more

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Russia's international law persona is still in its infancy andit will take a while for the cycle to run its full course. However,significant changes have already occurred in some areas, thus offeringan opportunity to analyze the trends here and track the process ofemergence of successor doctrines and practices destined to replace theSoviet heritage. The quartet of topics selected for treatment in this volume --the relationship between international and domestic law; citizenshipand state succession; the Sino-Russian boundary problem; andcooperation with China in policing crime -- illustrates majorshifts in Russia's international law policy in a bid to shed thecorset of Communist ideology and the old regime's modus operandiand join the international community's mainstream culture. The test cases also attest to the difficulties encountered in theprocess of transition and show that progress on this front has by nomeans been uniform. The sample includes both instances where the breakwith the past looks quite pronounced and where greater distancing fromprecedent might logically have been expected, but, for reasons thatare then explored, a sense of substantive continuity instead prevails,albeit made more palatable by an application of linguistic cosmetics.From Soviet to Russian International Law: Studies in Continuityand Change marks the occasion of the author's 65th birthdayand the 40th anniversary of his publishing debut. ... Read more