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Publisher: National AcademiesPublication date: 1992Original Identifier: NAP:12615Subjects: Reduced gravity environmentsResearch in reduced gravity environmentsSpace industrializationScience / Astrophysics ... Read more

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This is a AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH report procured by the Pentagon and made available for public release. It has been reproduced in the best form available to the Pentagon. It is not spiral-bound, but rather assembled with Velobinding in a soft, white linen cover. The Storming Media report number is A893423. The abstract provided by the Pentagon follows: The microgravity environment associated with spaceflight has a number of significant effects on the human body, one of with is a net shift of fluid into the thoracocephalic compartment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of venoconstrictive cuffs on the body's fluid distribution during simulated microgravity. This study was designed to test the following hypothesis: venoconstrictive thigh cuffs, inflated to 50 mmHg during simulated microgravity as modeled by 12 degree head down tilt (HDT), will impede venous flow resulting in increased leg blood volumes and thereby changing the whole body fluid distribution. ... Read more

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Coverage includes: solidification simulation; aluminium alloys; refractory metals; and solidifying interfaces. ... Read more

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The proceedings of STAIF-04 feature a broad spectrum of topics on space science and technology, space exploration, space colonization; advanced propulsion concepts; space nuclear power and propulsion systems technologies; thermophysics in microgravity, advanced energy conversion technologies; next generation space transportation; high temperature materials; and high power electric propulsion. These topics span the range from basic research to the recent technology advances and hardware testing.

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Take one elephant and one man to the top of a tower and simultaneously drop. Which will hit the ground first? You are a pilot of a jet fighter performing a high-speed loop. Will you pass out during the maneuver? How can you simulate being an astronaut with your feet still firmly placed on planet Earth? In the aerospace environment, human, animal, and plant physiology differs significantly from that on Earth, and this book provides reasons for some of these changes. The challenges encountered by pilots in their missions can have implications on the health and safety of not only themselves but others. Knowing the effects of hypergravity on the human body during high-speed flight led to the development of human centrifuges. We also need to better understand the physiological responses of living organisms in space. It is therefore necessary to simulate weightlessness through the use of specially adapted equipment, such as clinostats, tilt tables, and body suspension devices. Each of these ideas, and more, is addressed in this review of the physical concepts related to space flights, microgravity, and hypergravity simulations. Basic theories, such as Newtons law and Einsteins principle are explained, followed by a look at the biomedical effects of experiments performed in space life sciences institutes, universities, and space agencies. Table of Contents: General Concepts in Physics - Definition of Physical Terms / The Effects of Hypergravity on Biomedical Experiments / The Effects of Microgravity on Biomedical Experiments / References ... Read more