Product Description
Inner-city black America is often stereotyped as a place of random violence; in fact, violence in the inner city is regulated through an informal but well-known code of the street. How you dress, talk, and behave can have life-or-death consequences, with young people particularly at risk. This incisive book examines the code as a response to the lack of jobs that pay a living wage, to the stigma of race, to rampant drug use, to alienation and lack of hope. An individual's safety and sense of worth are determined by the respect he commands in public--a deference frequently based on an implied threat of violence. Unfortunately, even those with higher aspirations can often become entangled in the code's self-destructive behaviors. Winner of the Komarovsky Book Award.Amazon.com Review
As sociologist Elijah Anderson shows in the detailed and devastating Code of the Street, the senseless crime in the inner city represents a complex, though ultimately self-defeating, set of social mores. These mores, called "codes," stress a hyperinflated sense of manhood through verbal boasts, drug selling, sexual prowess, and--ultimately--violence and death. "At the heart of the code is the issue of respect," Anderson writes, "loosely defined as being treated 'right' or being granted one's 'props' (or proper due) or the deference one deserves." Anderson reveals a world where unemployment is rampant, teenage pregnancy is common, and social and educational achievement is viewed as "acting white." Although Anderson states that racism is a major factor for this condition, he notes that this type of behavior is further exacerbated by modern economic and political forces, and that it has existed as far back as ancient Rome.

As an African American himself, Anderson moves through the middle- and lower-class Philadelphia neighborhoods with ease, interviewing a variety of subjects, all of whom deal daily with consequences of urban decay--from the high-achieving young woman who had to reject her poorer relatives to better herself, to the former delinquent who tries to go straight after returning from prison. For Anderson, these are the true heroes of Code of the Street: people who overcome the temptations of the streets to help create a better space for the next generation. --Eugene Holley Jr. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (21)

Required Reading for Anyone Teaching in Urban or "Near-Urban" Schools
I first put this book on my reading list when I was thinking about applying to teach in the Camden, New Jersey school system.I found it on a recommended read list for folks applying to intern at Urban Promise located in East Camden.This book was invaluable in helping me understand where my kids were coming from.I understood why when I talked with kids one-on-one they acted totally different than when they were with a group of friends."Codeswitching" is a way of life (or rather survival) for these kids.Fate took me away from Camden City Schools but I next worked in a close-by suburban district where the "street" mentality prevails.It was amazing to me, how many of the staff both in Camden City and in my new district had no clue what I was talking about when describing Anderson's characterization of "street" and "decent" families.Too many looked no further than skin color, dress or how a kid talked.Having read Anderson's book BEFORE going to work at either location, I was better prepared to recognize which kids were switching code to blend in and which were hardcore street.I honestly believe this book helped me connect with both types of kids better and quicker than any of my peers...hell, I KNOW it did.If you're thinking about working in any low income area, especially in the field of education, read this book now!!!

Awesome! Eye Opening!
I had to read this book for a deviant behavior class. Tons of info regarding inner city life in general, including gangs, teen pregnancy, "decent vs. street life", drugs, violence, and many others. Kept me entertained and interested the whole way though. Ties together the dull theories and puts them into real-life situations. You won't be disappointed!

good book, good read.
I've enjoyed Elijah Anderson's books since reading "A Place on the Corner" in a sociology course. Kept me interested from the first page to last.

Crim-Code of the St.
Hard book to find in stores. Anderson does a great job explaining what the code is and why juveniles become juvenile delinquents.

Code of the Street
This is an original and worthwhile study that builds an understanding of a culture and set of values that is challenging to comfortable middle class sensibilities. There is an underclass culture out there with different and more immediate priorities, morals and horizons. Elijah Anderson has opened that door and described a model that is certainly open to modification and refinement but will endure. The world of the street is not hellishly short andbrutish, to echo Hobbes, though its members often experience short and brutal lives. It combines frontier values, Old testament strictures on retribution and a surprising acceptance of kharma or 'just deserts' justice. One has to fight, often literally, to acquire status and access to necessities. As in primitive society it is well nigh impossible to live outside the group. The insights are exciting and pacy but sometimes the ethnography could do with tighter editing. Writers of The Wire show a lot of awareness of the Code. Essential reading for sociology, criminology and anyone analyzing modern film, TV or literature studies.
Michael.anderson@ucd.ie (no relation to Elijah!) ... Read more

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Vacant land is a common sight in virtually every American city. Scattered among houses in residential areas, especially in distressed neighborhoods, small and large vacant, trash-filled lots contribute to an appearance of blight. Abandoned factories and w ... Read more

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Over 100 full color, high gloss photos depict the city of Scranton, Pennsylvania

Hometown Pride

Photographer ALYSSA AMORI, a resident of Scranton, Pennsylvania illustrates her love for her hometown through her camera lens. Over a six-month period in 2007, Alyssa captured the essence of the city from its historic architecture to its parks and festivals.

Over 100 images include: Roger Clemens appearance with the Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Yankees, Nay Aug Park, Scranton Cultural Center, Lackawanna County Courthouse, Everhart Museum, Radisson Lackawanna Station Hotel, Steamtown National Historic Site, St. Patrick s Day Parade, The Mall at Steamtown and Lake Scranton.

Alyssa s ultimate hope is to get the book into the hands of as many Scranton service men and women serving in Iraq and Afghanistan as possible. The book is designed to provide the troops with a much welcome glimpse of home. Amori is looking for individuals or groups willing to either provide addresses or donations to finance the printing and mailing of the books to the troops. To offer assistance, please email Alyssa at damori3@comcast.net. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (8)

Scranton: The Electric City;
This is a collection of photographs of various locations to vist/see in Scranton, PA that have been compiled in a magizine like format.The photos are well doneand showcase some very interesting buildings.Would have been nice to read a little about the history of Scranton and a small description of the places shown (other than just what they were).This is very well put together.

Scranton
Nice photos.nice book. Wish there were more narrative because Scranton is such a wonderful place and there is much to say!

Scranton The Electric City
A very nice book. It is like strolling through Scranton. Excellent photographs. The book gives a good idea of what you will see if you visit Scranton, PA.

Nice picture book of Scranton, PA
Nicely illustrated picture-book of Scranton, PA. This magazine-like book is packed with all color photos of most of the various buildings and sites around Scranton.All the pictures are all identified, but would have benefited greatly with additional commentary or background information about the building or site in the photo.

Not Just for Soldiers
Scranton, "Welcome Home" a greeting that sums up the visual tour the reader is greeted with as they begin to turn the pages of Alyssa Amori's pictorial of various people and places in Scranton, Pennsylvania. Ms. Amori's beautiful photographs offer a visual tour of the history, architecture, and tradition that surround the city of Scranton. It was Ms. Amori's concern for local soldiers serving far away from home that sparked the idea for the book and she accomplishes what she set out to do--bring Scranton home to it's brave soldiers wherever they may be until they can be welcomed back home to Scranton again. An enjoyable book for anyone, close to home or far away. ... Read more

Product Description
Since William Penn's founding of Philadelphia as a "greene countrie towne," thousands of acres of public gardens and arboretums have spawned in and around the city. Fairmont Park is the largest in any American city; even Philadelphia's zoo is a splendid garden and arboretum. Many gardens in the region were first cultivated by early Quakers and include historic, restored homes dating to the early 1700s. Includes location and detailed site information with common and Latin names of all species photographed and features stunning, beautiful, and artistic full-color photography. ... Read more

Product Description
There is no better way to see America than on foot. And there is no better way to appreciate what you are looking at than with a walking tour. Whether you are preparing for a road trip or just out to look at your own town in a new way, a downloadable walking tour from walkthetown.com is ready to explore when you are.

Each walking tour describes historical and architectural landmarks and provides pictures to help out when those pesky street addresses are missing. Every tour also includes a quick primer on identifying architectural styles seen on American streets.

William Penn envisaged a beautiful waterfront for his city — something similar to the embankment in London, but this was not to be. The area early became a scene of great commercial activity, and wharves, warehouses, and taverns sprang up, as they have for centuries, in waterfront cities throughout the world. The district is thus one of the oldest and most historic in the city, for it was from the banks of the Delaware that Philadelphia grew westward toward the Schuylkill River.

Construction was started on Independence Hall in 1732, only fifty years after the founding of the city by William Penn. At the time, the area between 5th and 6th Streets, where the most ambitious building ever planned in the American colonies was being built, was still on the edge of things. Forty years later, when events leading to a declaration of independence by a gathering of rebels made this the birthplace of America the city had grown as far as 8th Street. The port was thriving but the streets were still unpaved.

There were dwellings in Old City — Elfreth’s Alley and Loxley Court attest to that — but they were modest homes in contrast to the larger ones to be seen in Society Hill. By the 1960s Odl City had long ago ceased to be the city’s pulsing financial center. Manufacturers had departed as well. Cheaper rents now again attracted artisans and craftspeople. The spacious 19th century buildings offered a perfect locale for contemporary art galleries and stores offering the fine crafts of this new population — particularly furniture. Today, Old City is home to more than 30 galleries interwoven in th ehistoric district.

This walking tour will start at Philadelphia’s number one tourist attraction - at the south end of Independence Mall where the Liberty Bell stands opposite Independence Hall...
... Read more

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Allegheny Town was established in 1784 by order of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania. By 1840, the tiny wilderness community had grown in size and population to be incorporated as Allegheny City. Throughout the 19th century, Allegheny City became home to immigrants from many European countries who found work in the city's expanding commercial and industrial firms, as well such prominent Americans as Andrew Carnegie, Samuel P. Langley, Mary Cassatt, George Ferris, and Mary Roberts Rinehart. The citizens of Allegheny City's many neighborhoods took great pride in their city's heritage, schools, parks, and congregations. On January 1, 1907, Allegheny City was the third-largest city in Pennsylvania. By the end of that year, the city, as an autonomous municipality, no longer existed as a result of an annexation by Pittsburgh, its sister city across the river. Allegheny City: 1840-1907 documents the short history of this remarkable city. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Well Researched
This book might be the most well researched of the entire series.Try as I might my wife the genealogy guru and I could not find a simple error in the text, and that is saying something with regard to some of these volumes.If you are from Pittsburgh or are one of the many ex-patriot Pittsburghers scattered about the land you need to pick this book up and lose yourself in it from cover to cover. ... Read more

Product Description
A redemptive, healing novel, Two Cities brings to brilliant culmination the themes John Edgar Wideman has developed in fourteen previous acclaimed books. It is a story of bridges -- bridges spanning the rivers of Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, bridges arching over the rifts that have divided our communities, our country, our hearts. Narrated in the bluesy voices of its three main characters, Two Citiesis a simple love story, but it is also about the survival of an endangered black urban community and the ways that people discover for redeeming themselves in a society that is failing them. With its indelible images of confrontation and outrage, matched in equal measure by lasting impressions of hope, Two Cities is a compassionate, lacerating, and nourishing novel.Amazon.com Review
Most fiction built along musical rather than traditional narrative linesquickly sinks under the weight of its own pretensions. Not so TwoCities, John Edgar Wideman's multivoiced improvisation in the key oflife. Ranging from funk to blues to jazz, Motown to gospel to pure highclassical, these wise and gritty riffs tell the story of Kassima, who's hadhard luck with her men--two drug-dealing sons shot dead and a husbanddowned by AIDS within ten months: "Just boys and men the whole time I beenin this house. Men who act like boys, boys trying to be men.Onerun-ragged woman trying to teach them the difference between man and boy. As if I knew. As if they ever had a chance."

As the novel opens, Kassima is stepping out for the first time since herbereavement, looking for considerably less than the good and sexy man shefinds on a stool in the neighborhood bar. Her encounter with Robert Jones,told by both in lusty counterpoint, is delicious, but she is still too rawfrom her losses to love easily again and sends Robert packing. In thebluesy interlude that follows, we hear solos that blow across 50-odd years,linking Kassima's story to that of her aged tenant Mr. Mallory, who lookslike a bum but takes multiple-exposure photographs and writes lofty,unanswered letters about aesthetics to the Italian sculptor Giacometti. All the while,echoing through the same grim streets, we hear the soundtrack of gangstarap, punctuated by the sounds of real guns killing real young black men.The two cities of the title are literally Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, buthere place swallows time, history, grief, violence, and love--giving us bothan indelible experience of real people experiencing real pain and real joyand a shivery suspicion that in life as in art, a hundred different andcontradictory realities coexist in any given moment. Does love ordisappointment or anger conquer all?

You know the old story about the big fish that got away. How the guytelling it keeps cheating, his hands getting wider and wider apart everytime he shows how big the fish was. Well, here's a funny thing about thestory. Something I never understood before I met and lost her. The guy'snot lying. He feels the empty between his hands growing each time he tellsthe story, each time the damned fish gets away again. You see, the funnything is the sorry motherfucker's right.No matter how far apart hespreads his lying hands, he's right. The story's true.

Customer Reviews (4)

This book is tight
John Edgar Wideman's incredible book two cities makes an exceptional use of language to deal with trauma and perspective. This is one of the most touching love stories I've ever read, mostly because of the way wideman seamlessly shifts perspective from one lover to the other, a choice which makes the two characters bleed into each other. As anyone who's ever been in love knows, sometimes you blend together so well its hard to tell where one person ends and the other begins. On top of that Wideman takes on the limitations of art in decpicting the depth and complexity of human feeling, ironic in a book that is so brimming with passion and sentiment.

I really didn't care for this book
I found this book a bit depressing in its bleak depiction of urban life for African-Americans, particularly those in violent inner city neighborhoods.I might merely take this as a sign that it was an effective book, except that it does not explain the causes of all the youth violence it depicts.And it is often hard to determine who is speaking, since the main voice changes within chapters and even within chapter sections.I often found it hard to follow the shifts in voice and time, not to mention place, as it is not clear when we are in Phili and when we are in Pittsburgh.

the book was coo
the book SUCKKKEDDDDD ma

Like Philadelphia Fire, Two Cities doesn't sustain itself
Wideman again demonstrates his amazing facility with language and voicing, with a slender story that nevertheless gives rise to a vast array of emotional shadings and expressive nuances. However, much as withPhiladelphia Fire (1990), Wideman doesn't seem interested in sustaining hisbravura beginning. By the end of the book, the riffs have become repetitiveand desultory, and the book dribbles to an unconvincing end. It's deeplydisappointing, but only because the first third is so riveting. Histreatment of the 1985 MOVE bombing is not as polemical or negative asRichard Bernstein's Times review would have it--if anything, Wideman blursmany of the details of that story, and those not familiar with the actualhistory may be confused. ... Read more

Product Description
The Journal and Letters of David Baer Hackman

David Baer Hackman (1827-1896) a Mennonite from Millport, Lancaster County, PA, traveled west to California in 1850, seeking his fortune during the great Gold Rush. David wrote many letters home concerning his crossing of the plains by wagon and his many detailed experiences in and around the gold fields of California. A vivid writer for such a young man, David captures images of the mining communities, the boom towns of Sacramento, Hangtown, Mokelumne Hill, Columbia and Sonora and the lawlessness found there. He writes of early San Francisco, the local Indians, trouble with bears, and the great trees of Calaveras County. His journal then captures his return trip in 1854 by steam ship to Panama, across the Isthmus and then to New York City. Lawrence Knorr presents the journal and letters in sequence along with their historical context, providing corroborating accounts where available. In all, an excellent primary source and piece of social history from one of the most exciting times in American history. This volume is 194 pages.

About the author:
Lawrence Knorr, born 1964, is an amateur genealogist with deep roots in the Pennsylvania Dutch Region. Lawrence's "real" jobs are as Director of Information Systems for Giant Food Stores, LLC of Carlisle, PA and as an adjunct professor at Harrisburg University, Harrisburg, PA. Lawrence holds a Bachelor's degree in Business/Economics (History Minor) from Wilson College and a Masters of Business Administration from Penn State. He is also a Certified Computer Professional and Project Management Professional. Lawrence lives with his wife Tammi and has two daughters.

Lawrence has been involved in genealogical research for fifteen years, and is or has been a member of several related organizations:

National Genealogical Society
Pennsylvania German Society
Berks County Genealogical Society
Pennsylvania Heritage Society
Palatines to America - Pennsylvania Chapter
Sons of the American Revolution
Mahanoy and Mahantango Historical and Preservation Society
Derry Township Historical Society
Manheim Historical Society
Adams County Historical Society


Other recently (or soon to be) published works by Lawrence include:


71 Years of Marriage: The Ancestors, Descendents and Relations of George and Alice Knorr of Reading, PA (2002)

The Shellems of Philadelphia (2003)

The Relations of Milton Snavely Hershey (2004, 2005, 2008)

The Descendants of Hans Peter Knorr (2007)

A Pennsylvania Mennonite and the California Gold Rush: The Journal and Letters of David Baer Hackman (2008/2010)

The Relations of Dwight D Eisenhower: His Pennsylvania German Roots (2010)

General John Fulton Reynolds: His Biography, Words and Relations (2010) ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

A unique first hand account of the CA Gold Rush!
Once I picked up "A Pennsylvania Mennonite and the California Gold Rush" I found it hard for myself to put down.I often would not say that about a history book but Lawrence Knorr managed to make the book a page turner.I felt as though I was with David Hackman as he traveled through California!I loved the story and would suggest it to anyone who is interested in the California Gold Rush or just a great History story!

A Gold Rush Miner in Columbia
The letters and journal entries of David Baer Hackman assembled by Lawrence Berger-Knorr (Author), in A Pennsylvania Mennonite and the California Gold Rush is one of those books that I found was very difficult to set aside.

The history of the era is always better told in the personal accounts of the actual individuals.David Baer Hackman begins his experience with little writing ability and soon becomes a typical 19th century writer with flowery prose.His accounts are new and fresh information that opens whole new avenues of discovery.His personal views are in some ways very different than some of the other journals and letters already available.

I was excited to read these letters of a young man who actually traveled through what is today my place of business; Columbia State Historic Park. I run a small specialty shop, which sells books on 19th century California and especially Gold Rush Columbia.This book adds much to our town's already rich history.It was well received by many of the local historians and Gold Rush enthusiasts.

I always recommend this book to my customers.

Floyd D. P. Oydegaard, proprietor,
Columbia Booksellers & Stationers
at the Franklin & Wolfe Variety Store. ... Read more

Product Description
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Guide to the American City is a high quality information guide which includes the history, facts, geography, demographics, and other key information related to the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. ... Read more

Product Description
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

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Product Description

When Philadelphia's iconoclastic city planner Edmund N. Bacon looked into his crystal ball in 1959, he saw a remarkable vision: "Philadelphia as an unmatched expression of the vitality of American technology and culture." In that year Bacon penned an essay for Greater Philadelphia Magazine, originally entitled "Philadelphia in the Year 2009," in which he imagined a city remade, modernized in time to host the 1976 Philadelphia World's Fair and Bicentennial celebration, an event that would be a catalyst for a golden age of urban renewal.

What Bacon did not predict was the long, bitter period of economic decline, population dispersal, and racial confrontation that Philadelphia was about to enter. As such, his essay comes to us as a time capsule, a message from one of the city's most influential and controversial shapers that prompts discussions of what was, what might have been, and what could yet be in the city's future.

Imagining Philadelphia brings together Bacon's original essay, reprinted here for the first time in fifty years, and a set of original essays on the past, present, and future of urban planning in Philadelphia. In addition to examining Bacon and his motivations for writing the piece, the essays assess the wider context of Philadelphia's planning, architecture, and real estate communities at the time, how city officials were reacting to economic decline, what national precedents shaped Bacon's faith in grand forms of urban renewal, and whether or not it is desirable or even possible to adopt similarly ambitious visions for contemporary urban planning and economic development. The volume closes with a vision of what Philadelphia might look like fifty years from now.

Customer Reviews (1)

Looking Back at Looking Forward
This is a thoughtful critical collection of essays centered around examining how a leading Philadelphia planner in 1959 envisioned Philadelphia would be like in 2009.With the luxury of time, we may not look at the directions Philadelphia were thinking of going and see where they went and how things were, as of 2009.

In 1959, Philadelphia City Planning Commission Director Edmund Bacon predicted Philadelphia would host the 1976 World's Fair as a shining example of urban revitalization.What happened was the city declined economically.

Bacon foresaw underground streets, moving sidewalks, thriving factories, regional parks in the suburbs, and no more billboards.He admits he was guessing as no one in 1959 could foretell the future.Still, his vision gave a direction that with much compromising and submission to realities led to what Philadelphia has become.

Bacon was skilled as a planner and architect.He was not a political strategist and never obtained the political power that Robert Moses obtained in directing New York's public projects.Bacon did have a long career of involvement in Philadelphia's development over several decades, unlike most other city planners.Bacon influenced many Mayors and decision makers.

Bacon foresaw the city's universities becoming focal points for renewed housing around them. He hoped that city blight would cease to exist.He foresaw purchase of development rights programs to direct excess development while preserving county lands as the program directed.

Gregory L, Heller notes that Bacon began working on Flint, Michigan transportation and parking issues in 1938.Bacon also advocated for creating professional city planning staffs.While working on a $3.5 million Federal housing project, the city Housing Commission saw its funding slashed due to efforts of private developers who feared that accepting the funds and building the housing project would reduce their profits.Bacon fought to put acceptance of the Federal funds on the ballot.By a 2 to 1 margin, the voters rejected accepting the Federal funds.From this, Bacon learned "city planning is a combination of social inputas well as design".

Walter Phillips, Sr., a Philadelphia civic leader, convinced Bacon to move to Philadelphia, which had no city planning.Philadelphia has a City Planning Commission which was widely ignored.Phillips and Bacon worked to create an updated Planning Commission.They appealed to the public and City Council creared the Philadelphia City Planning Commission (PCPC).

The PCPA wrote a new city charter.It used Federal funds to redevelop the East Poplar, Southwest Temple, and Mill Creek neighborhoods.Louis Kahn helped develop scale redevelopment plans with sidewalks and historic building preservation.

The Redevelopment Authority in 1949 proposed relocating to Eastwick people whose homes were torn down for slum removal. Bacon opposed creating a totally poor section of town, yet the project moved forward.Bacon worked to create a good physical design.Efforts at racial segregation in Eastwick were slight.The RCA focused on integrating transitional areas and opposed scattered site housing.

Bacon helped remove a railroad wall that was blocking the expansion of development.Penn Center was developed in its place with a combination of offices, commercial sites, and open air walkways.

Bacon sought row homes and downtown transportation options along with preserving streams for the Far Northeast.The residents wanted single family homes.Bacon's zoning plans were adopted.Today, though, the Far Northeast is reliant on cars and not mass transit as Bacon desired.It resembles the suburbs more than the urban row houses Bacon hoped to see throughout the city.

In 1949, Society Hill was a mostly working class neighborhood with many tenement housing.Bacon sought to expand walkways into Society Hill, engage in historic preservation efforts, and mix housing with museums to induce middle class residents to move into Society Hill.Mayor Richardson Dilworth was supportive of Bacon's ideas to revitalized Society Hill.The Old Philadelphia Development Corporation was established as a neighborhood developer.It was then rate for a city to combine slum removal with historic preservation.There was no comparable Federal funding mechanism.In 1959, the U.S. Urban Renewal Administration was among the architects of this project. The project did destroy several 19th century structures and displaced people.It did successfully attract many middle class people to live there.

Bacon felt comprehensive planning was "busy work" and often ignored it.

Bacon felt racial discrimination should be addressed in planning. He sought to hire African American planners.Bacon helped create the nation's first scattered site housing program.The program would cease in 1970 due to lack of funds, legalities, and administrative abuse.

Mayor James Tate made Bacon the city's Development Coordinator as well as Planning Director.Bacon wanted to move the city away from automobile use yet he also loyally never spoke out publically against a Mayor.He supported plans for crosstown expressways until Mayor Tate came out against them.

Bacon resigned as Planning Director in 1970 during controversy over alleged graft in downtown development.Bacon was not accused of anything illegal.

Bacon would later oppose allowing skyscrapers being built in Philadelphia, arguing that City Hall should always be the city's tallest building.He lost this fight.

Bacon did not have the power as did his contemporaries Robert Moses or Ed Logue.He did have access to power and he knew how to use his specialized planning skills to influence those who had power, such as Mayors and the media.

Guinan McKee notes that Professor Paul Davidoff argued in 1965 that Bacon's plans did not adequately meet public needs.Davidoff was also crucial that Bacon's plans were political decisions with little public input.McKee also believes history has given Bacon a larger role in Philadelphia's planning than he actually had.Bacon worked in concert with many others.William Rafferty avoided the public spotlight yet also was a key planning advisor who often fought with Bacon.Rafsky was an advocate of Americans for Democratic Action reforms that were generally embraced by Mayor Joseph Clark.Bacon had less influence with Mayor Clark, who listened more to Rafsky.

Bacon was more concerned with planning design than he was with socioeconomic improvements, according to McKee.Bacon seemed neglectful of planning in some poorer neighborhoods, such as North Philadelphia.

Rafksy noted in the 1950s that Philadelphia required $1 billion to remove its blighted areas.It only had $45 million to do so.Rafsky feared small scale efforts could even be harmful as they could cause areas around removed blight to deteriorate if new development was too slow to move in.

A large portion of urban removal's policies were focused on Center City development.Bacon initially opposed this.

It is noted that most planning projects during Bacon' s period involved the private sector.Thus, businesses had sizable influences over projects.Private sector input was often stronger than any input from the poor.

Walter Phillips advanced public private partnerships that would create more industry.Philadelphia was losing its industrial base.Bacon preferred either fully publicly owned land for industrial projects, or to have the land sold to the private sector in competitive bidding.Bacon saw stabilizing housing problems as the key to Philadelphia's economic future.Phillips wanted more direct economic action.

McKee believes Bacon was wrong to allow an elevated highway to be constructed.McKee believe Bacon, who was expert on design issues, failed to see that design decision could destroy communities as well as improve them.

Scott Gabriel Knowles argues that Bacon focused too much on create a national exhibition in Philadelphia in 1976.Bacon was inspired by Philadelphia's national exhibition in 1876.Philadelphia, though, faced greater challenges with its economic decline.A fair involves much investment and it often a part of a host city's economic revitalization plans.Bacon envisioned complex projects that new happened.Thus, the bicentennial fair never happened.

Bacon advanced ideas for the fair yet did little to plan for their existence.Bacon proposed created cable cars across the Schuylkill River and created electric trains along Chestnut Street.Councilman John B. Kelly was placed in charge of the fair. Criticisms of the 1964 World's Fair in New York made many believe the idea of national fairs had passed.Meanwhile, Mayor Tate's attention was divided with his desire to bring the 1972 Olympics to Philadelphia.Tate's opponent for Mayor in 1967, Arlen Specter, questioned spending on the fair.While Tate was reelected, Specter's criticisms remained fresh in the public's mind.The costs of the proposed fair, with some estimating a billion dollars of cost, created further public backlash.Several leading advocates for more resources being placed into improving poorer, mostly African American neighborhoods, objected to the fair's costs.The newly elected Mayor Frank Rizzo was critical and while be favored Eastwick as a fair site, the Eastwick idea fell though as unworkable.Rizzo then abandoned further fair planning, to the outrage of Bacon.

Harris M. Steinberg notes the difficulties Bacon or anyone has in predicting the future.Bacon may or may not have realized his predictions were made just before Philadelphia would face a declining economy.

Bacon worked on creating Independence Hall Park.Professor Anthony Garvan of the University of Pennsylvania was critical that many historic buildings were destroyed to create a historic park.

City planning decreased its influence on city government decision making once Bacon left.The public distrusted large public planning.The private sector gained in influence.Bog box stores and casinos became part of the reality.There was little coordinate planning on economic development, transportation, pedestrian walkways, and storm water management under Mayors Ed Rendell and John Street.The Zoning Board was led by someone with no background in planning or design.

Philadelphia in 2009 found itself with racial challenges, tax difficulties, disparate construction costs with suburban constructions, education challenges causing residents to leave the city, a relatively less education city compared to other cities, etc.Philadelphia lacks the regional cooperation that many other cities enjoy.Philadelphia is a leader in higher education and health care institutions, has a decent if troubled public transportation system, and has urban parks and open spaces.
... Read more

Product Description
This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's preservation reformatting program. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the text that can both be accessed online and used to create new print copies. This book and thousands of others can be found in the digital collections of the University of Michigan Library. The University Library also understands and values the utility of print, and makes reprints available through its Scholarly Publishing Office. ... Read more

Product Description
Philadelphia is a patchwork of the political and economic changes dating back to 1683. Having been re-created repeatedly, each era of the city's development includes elements of the past. In this book, the authors describe the city's evolution into a post-industrial metropolis of old communities and newly expended neighborhoods, in which remnants of 19th-century industries can be seen in today's residential areas.

This book explores a wide range of issues impacting upon Philadelphia's post-industrial economy—trends in housing and homelessness, the business community, job distribution, a disintegrating political structure, and increased racial, class, and neighborhood conflict. The authors examine the growth of the service sector, the disparity in the city's urban renewal program that has enriched center city but left most neighborhoods in need, and they evaluate the realistic prospects for regional solutions to some of the problems facing Philadelphia and its suburbs. ... Read more

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This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's preservation reformatting program. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the text that can both be accessed online and used to create new print copies. This book and thousands of others can be found in the digital collections of the University of Michigan Library. The University Library also understands and values the utility of print, and makes reprints available through its Scholarly Publishing Office. ... Read more

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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Northeast Philadelphia is a section of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. According to the 2000 Census, the Northeast has a sizable percentage of the city's 1.447 million people ? a population of between 300,000 and 450,000, depending on how the area is defined. Beginning in the 1980s, many of the Northeast's middle class children graduated from college and settled in suburbs, especially nearby Bucks County. With the emigration of older populations, a new influx of Hispanics have settled along the southern edges of the Northeast, while blacks and Asian immigrants have purchased homes in this once almost exclusively white area of the city. ... Read more

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Order your own softcover black & white reprint of a previously owned high school yearbook. Whether you no longer have your own copy or want to surprise someone with a unique gift, the memories in this yearbook are sure to make someone smile! All the pages and images are reproduced as-is, which means your copy may show handwriting or effects of aging, and that certain pages, images, or other content may be omitted, missing, or obscured. Because this is a black & white print, any color images (excluding the cover) will print as gray. You can preview the color pages before you buy at www.classmates.com/yearbooks.Don't miss out! Bring home a piece of your history. ... Read more