61. Behn, Aphra HUTCHINSON ENCYCLOPEDIA. behn, aphra. English novelist and dramatist.She was the first woman in England to earn her living as a writer. http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0005841.html

HOME Internet Access Broadband Email ... Travel Search the Web: serveAd("REFERENCE.HOME") REFERENCE ENCYCLOPAEDIA Hutchinson's Encyclopaedia Country Facts On This Day ... Wildlife TOOLS Car Insurance Cheap Flights Downloads Email By Phone ... What's On TISCALI About Us Business Services Investor Relations Contact Us Click a letter for the index A B C D ... Z Or search the encyclopaedia: HUTCHINSON ENCYCLOPEDIA Behn, Aphra English novelist and dramatist. She was the first woman in England to earn her living as a writer. Her works were criticized for their explicitness they frequently present events from a woman's point of view. Her novel Oroonoko (1688), based on her visit to Suriname, is an attack on slavery. Between 1670 and 1687 fifteen of her plays were produced, including The Forced Marriage (1670) and The Rover (1677). As in The Lucky Chance (1686), condemnation of forced and mercenary marriages was a recurring theme in her work. She had the patronage of James I and was employed as a government spy in Holland in 1666. PAGE TOOL BOX Send to a friend Print now Related articles Related offers makeButtonNoSize("REFERENCE.HOME","R2")

62. Behna.html aphra behn (16401689). http://www.theatre.msu.edu/web/archives/Behn, Aphra/behna.html

Aphra Behn Home Dramatists Picture published prior to 1923, in public domain.

63. Alphamusic - Leider Keine Treffer Gefunden Translate this page Freitag, den 07. Februar 2003. behn, aphra Love-letters Between a Noblemanand H Buch PENGUIN GROUP Bestell-Nr. 0-14-043537-9 11.89 EUR. http://www.alphamusicshop.de/379/0140435379.html

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64. Saggi Storici Lesbici E Femministi Di Maria G. Di Rienzo - Aphra Behn (1640-1684 - Copertina della biografia di aphra behn scritta da Janet Todd. http://digilander.libero.it/giovannidallorto/saggistoria/mgdr/mgdrbehn.html

Home page Giovanni Dall'Orto Saggi di storia gay Scritti di Maria G. Di Rienzo > Aphra Behn, l'incomparabile Astrea > Due poesie omoerotiche La prima donna commediografa inglese: Aphra Behn (1640-1684), l'"incomparabile Astrea" di: Maria G. Di Rienzo "E tutte le donne insieme dovrebbero cospargere di fiori la tomba di Aphra Behn Chi era l'incomparabile Astrea, colei per la quale circolava l'anonimo distico O meraviglia del tuo sesso! Dove altro possiamo vedere bellezza e conoscenza unite, se non in te?" una semplice puttana, che danzava in mezzo alla sporcizia" e che uno dei suoi biografi attuali (Woodcock) chiama " la Saffo inglese" Poeta, scrittrice Una menzione speciale va fatta per Oroonoko, or the royal slave , basato sulla sua permanenza nella colonia olandese del Suriname. Il principe schiavo parla attraverso l'io narrante femminile: la posizione da outsider Ma oh, quale dio maligno cospira nel sottrargli il potere e lasciargli il desiderio Alle donne viene richiesto di deliziarsi con gli amori romantici, ma di mantenere rigidissimi standard "morali": nella prefazione alla commedia Sir Patient Fancy Le sorelle Florinda ed Helena e la cortigiana Angelica Bianca ne sono un esempio in The rover (lavoro basato sostanzialmente sull'intreccio di Thomaso, or the Wanderer

65. The San Antonio College LitWeb Aphra Behn Page The aphra behn Page. ( 16401689 ) Major Works. About behn Victoria Sackville-West,aphra behn The Incomparable Astraea. Viking, 1928. aphra behn Society. http://www.accd.edu/sac/english/bailey/behn.htm

The Aphra Behn Page Major Works . There are three inexpensive volumes of Behn's works available: Oroonoko and Other Writings . Edited with an introduction by Paul Salzman. Oxford, 1994. Love-Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister . Edited and introduced by Janet Todd. Penguin, Oroonoko, The Rover and Other Works .Edited by Janet Todd. Penguin, 1992. Drama The Rover; or, The Banished Cavaliers The City Heiress On Line The Widow Ranter; or, the History of Bacon in America Fiction Love Letters Between a Nobleman and his Sister Oroonoko Annotated Bibliography On Line . Also a Norton Critical Edition, Joanna Lipking, Editor. Norton, 1997. The Fair Jilt The History of the Nun " The Adventure of the Black Lady " ( 1696 ). " The Unfortunate Bride " ( 1696 ). The Unfortunate Happy Lady On-Line Love-Letters to a Gentleman Poetry Poems on Several Occasions About Behn Victoria Sackville-West, Aphra Behn: The Incomparable Astraea . Viking, 1928. Aphra Behn Society . Several links. Aphra Behn Criticism from Internet Public Library. The Aphra Behn Page The Incomparable Astrea. . .

66. Behn, Aphra Poetry Forum Frigate behn, aphra Forum Frigate POETRY FLEET If ye would like to moderate thebehn, aphra Forum Frigate, please drop becket@jollyroger.com a line. http://killdevilhill.com/z/ypoetry3d/Behn,Aphrahall/shakespeare1.html

Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate POETRY FLEET If ye would like to moderate the Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate, please drop becket@jollyroger.com a line. POETRY, Behn, Aphra , poet, and poem all sail aboard The Jolly Roger Free Discussion Forum Open Source CMS Renaissance Postnuke Hosting ... Health Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate POETRY FLEET Carolinanavy.com Quarterdeck Classicals.com ... hatteraslight.com Welcome to the Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate. Post yer opinion, a link to some of yer work, or yer thoughts regarding the best books and criticisms concerning Behn, Aphra . We'd also like to invite ye to sail on by the Behn, Aphra Live Chat , and feel free to use the message board below to schedule a chat session. And the brave of heart shall certainly wish to sign their souls aboard The Jolly Roger If ye long for truth and the honest sea, the Carolina Navy longs for ye. poetry poet poem Add Comment ] (If your comment does not appear, hit the reload or refresh button.) Add Comment. Name: E-Mail: Subject: Message: Optional Link URL: Link Title: Optional Image URL: (If your message does not appear, hit the reload or refresh button.)

67. Behn, Aphra Poetry Forum Frigate behn, aphra Forum Frigate POETS FLEET If ye would like to moderate thebehn, aphra Forum Frigate, please drop becket@jollyroger.com a line. http://killdevilhill.com/z/ypoetsd/Behn,Aphrahall/shakespeare1.html

Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate POETS FLEET If ye would like to moderate the Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate, please drop becket@jollyroger.com a line. POETS, Behn, Aphra , poet, and poem all sail aboard The Jolly Roger Free Discussion Forum Open Source CMS Renaissance Postnuke Hosting ... Health Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate POETS FLEET Carolinanavy.com Quarterdeck Classicals.com ... hatteraslight.com Welcome to the Behn, Aphra Forum Frigate. Post yer opinion, a link to some of yer work, or yer thoughts regarding the best books and criticisms concerning Behn, Aphra . We'd also like to invite ye to sail on by the Behn, Aphra Live Chat , and feel free to use the message board below to schedule a chat session. And the brave of heart shall certainly wish to sign their souls aboard The Jolly Roger If ye long for truth and the honest sea, the Carolina Navy longs for ye. poetry poet poem Add Comment ] (If your comment does not appear, hit the reload or refresh button.) Add Comment. Name: E-Mail: Subject: Message: Optional Link URL: Link Title: Optional Image URL: (If your message does not appear, hit the reload or refresh button.)

68. InteLex Past Masters - Women Writers: The Works Of Aphra Behn The Women Writers Collection. The Works of aphra behn (Forthcoming). behn,aphra. The Works of aphra behn. Edited by Janet Todd. 7 volumes. http://www.nlx.com/titles/titlww1.htm

SEARCH TESTIMONIALS $XCHANGE FEEDBACK ... find related titles Publishers The Women Writers Collection The Works of Aphra Behn (Forthcoming) "Todd’s ' The Works of Aphra Behn' presents Behn’s fiction with the full apparatus it deserves, hitherto only found in editions of her drama or her most famous novel, ' Oroonoko .' Todd compliments her critical introductions with detailed critical and textual notes, reproductions of original title pages and other relevant contemporary images, and in case of the Love-Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister, extensive appendixes containing source material and variants . The available volumes of Todd’s edition help define the role of women in issues that currently preoccupy many Romantic scholars. I hope this new, superior edition of Behn’s work will stimulate more studies of this type." - Catherine Decker, 'The Wordsworth Circle' Database Language : English Contents : The database contains the following: Behn, Aphra. The Works of Aphra Behn Janet Todd is the Francis Hutcheson Professor of English Literature, University of Glasgow, and the author of many books, including

69. Aphra Behn Bio aphra behn July 1640 April 16, 1689, London aphra behn broke every rule. From1670 until her death in 1689, aphra behn enjoyed commercial triumph. http://www.nyct.net/cosmicleopard/Behn_bio.html

Aphra Behn July 1640 - April 16, 1689, London Aphra Behn broke every rule. She was a spy, she was a writer, she was thrown in prison several times for her debts and her politics, she may or may not have been married and she had a live-in lover for nine years. Her origin a mystery, an unidentified child named Aphra traveled with a couple named Amis to Surinam (Dutch Guiana), then an English possession. Upon her return to England around the time of the Restoration, she may have married a London merchant named Behn. Her wit and beauty caught the eye of the royal court and she was employed by Charles II in secret service in The Netherlands. Unrewarded, and imprisoned for debt, she began to write to support herself. From 1670 until her death in 1689, Aphra Behn enjoyed commercial triumph. Her witty, vivacious comedies, such as The Rover (two parts, produced 1677 and 1681) and The Lucky Chance , were highly successful. She was well read, fluent in French and Italian with some Spanish, and she often adapted work by older dramatists. Her versatility, like her output, was immense, and in her day was rivaled only by that of her friend and colleague, John Dryden. Aphra Behn is considered the first professional English woman writer and originator of the novel in its modern form. This honor is often bestowed on Daniel Defoe, but Aphra Behn's

70. The Sign Of Angellica - An Aphra Behn Web Site An aphra behn Web site, with biographical information, essays, and linksto other resources. Sukipot.com, An aphra behn Web Site. The Incomparable http://www.sukipot.com/angellica/

Sukipot.com cleaning out ferryboats the sign of angellica An Aphra Behn Web Site The Incomparable Astrea: An Introduction to Aphra Behn Just as you might expect, a brief introduction to the life and works of the "punk and poetesse" herself, Mrs. Aphra Behn poet, playwright, spy for the crown once seen as the epitome of lewdness and impropriety, but in later years held up as a different kind of example altogether. Roving Hellena: The Portrayal of Women's Roles in The Rover An essay I wrote for English Drama from 1660 to 1900 with Dr. Elizabeth Richmond-Garza. The work on this paper, and the exploration of some of its themes, are what led me to to what would become my fascination with Mrs. Behn. It appears only slightly revised from its original form. Online Resources Links to other sites of interest. Selected Bibliography

71. Aphra Behn & The Noble Savage: Oroonoko - Notes & Online Sources • aphra behn (1640?1689) the Noble Savage • Henri Matisse (1869-1954) NationalGallery of Art, Washington, DC, aphra behn (1640?-1689) http://music.acu.edu/www/iawm/pages/african/behn.html

Henri Matisse (1869-1954) Above: Top of page: National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC Aphra Behn (1640?-1689) Set in Surinam in South America and published in 1688, Aphra Behn's OROONOKO tells the story of two royal slaves, Oroonoko, and his beloved Imoinda. This novella, or short novel, is credited with being the first to introduce the anticolonial idea of the "noble savage" to English fiction. Included below are citations, links, and books concerning the literary art of Aphra Behn and her masterpiece, Oroonoko. Also included are several audio CD's of Henry Purcell's incidental music composed for Behn's dramatic work, ABDELAZER, performed in 1695. Virginia Woolf counted Aphra Behn as the first woman to earn a living as a writer. According to Encarta Encyclopedia 97, CD-ROM: "Among Behn's many works are poems and plays, the latter including her most popular play, The Rover (1677; second part, 1681); The City Heiress (1682), a satire of London life; and The Luck Chance (1686), which explored one of Behn's favorite themes, the folly of arranged marriages. Her novel Oroonoko (1688?), the story of an African prince sold into slavery in Suriname, influenced the development of the English novel and is important for several reasons. It introduces the figure of the noble savage, later developed by Jean Jacques Rousseau, foreshadows later novels on the anticolonial theme, pioneers in the effort to depict a realistic background, and may be the first English philosophical novel. The novel formed the basis of a tragedy of the same name written by the English dramatist Thomas Southerne, produced in 1695."

72. Aphra Behn Restoration playwright, novelist and poet, aphra behn is known as thefirst Western woman to earn her living by her writing. aphra behn. http://womenshistory.about.com/cs/behnaphra/

zfp=-1 About History Women's History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with Women's History with Jone Johnson Lewis Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects Essentials/Basics March: WH Month! Biographies World: by Place ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Aphra Behn Restoration playwright, novelist and poet, Aphra Behn is known as the first Western woman to earn her living by her writing. Spy Turned Writer About's Classic Literature Guide, Esther Lombardi, writes about Aphra Behn and her writing. Aphra Behn Danuta Bois' brief biography of Aphra Behn. Aphra Behn: a brief chronology From the website for a fictional treatment of the Restoration period, a timeline of events in the real Aphra Behn's life. Aphra Behn - author of The Rover and Oroonoko A brief biography, with a view of why Behn's work was denounced in her day and why it's being revived more today.

73. Zeal.com - United States - New - Lifestyle - Books - By Country - Europe - Great A great resource for United States New - Lifestyle - Books - By Country- Europe - Great Britain - Renaissance 17th Century - behn, aphra. http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=530067

74. Aphra Behn aphra behn. (16401689). aphra behn, perhaps the first professional Englishwoman author, was born aphra Johnson near Canterbury, England in 1640. http://www.distinguishedwomen.com/biographies/behn.html

Distinguished Women of Past and Present First Page Name Index Subject Index Related Sites ... Search Aphra Behn Aphra Behn, perhaps the first professional English woman author, was born Aphra Johnson near Canterbury, England in 1640. She was the daughter of an innkeeper and as a child she was taken to Surinam, West Indies. While there, she met an enslaved Negro prince, Oroonoko, who was the basis for a novel she wrote later. She returned to England between 1658 and 1663 and married a merchant named Behn but was widowed after three years of marriage. In the meantime, she had entered court circles and was employed as a spy at Antwerp for King Charles II in the war against the Dutch (1665-1667). She provided political and naval information to the English government, but was paid very little or not at all, and on her return to England was imprisoned briefly for debt. Aphra Behn had at some time previously acquired schooling in languages and in literature and soon turned to writing poetry, novels, and plays to earn a living. She wrote The Forced Marriage The Rover The Feigned Courtizans The City Heiress (1682). Her plays were very successful and were performed under royal patronage by the Duke's Theatre Company. In 1688, she published the novel

75. Arnold To Bieler behn, aphra The City Heiress; behn, aphra Oroonoko Or, The RoyalSlave; behn, aphra The Rover Or, The Banish'd Cavaliers; behn http://www.ku.edu/carrie/stacks/books002.htm

Arnold to Bieler Arnold, Edwin, trans.: Bhagavad-Gita Arsenios of Cappadocia: Blessing-Psalter Artephius, The secret book (alchemy) ... Awntyrs off Arthur , ed. by Thomas Hahn Babbage, Charles: The Economy of Machinery and Manufactures Bacon, Cyrus Jr. at Gettysburg (excerpts) Bacon, Francis: The Essays Bacon, Francis: New Atlantis ... Barker, Dan, Losing Faith In Faith From Preacher To Atheist Barr, Amilia E.: Remember the Alamo Barrett, Richard: Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative Methods ... Benedict XIV (1740-1758): Encyclical Benedict XV (1914-1922): Encyclical Benedict, Saint: Rule for Monasteries Bentham, Jeremy: Defence of Usury ... Bhagavad-Gita trans. by Edwin Arnold Bible (New International Version) Bible (Revised Standard Version) Bible View of Slavery Bieler, Ludwig, trans.: ... Return to Carrie Main Page Site maintained by Kendall Simmons URL: http://www.ukans.edu/carrie/stacks/books002.htm

76. Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership behn, aphra, The debauchee, 1677, Wing_B4869. behn, aphra, The forc'dmarriage, or, The jealous bridegroom, 1671, Wing_B1734. behn, aphra, http://www.lib.umich.edu/eebo/texts/letterB.html

Production Partners Texts Interface ... Reviews Materials Production Administrative Project Status / The Texts / Texts Selected for Keyboarding / B Texts Selected for Keyboarding: B A B C D ... U, V, W, X, Y, Z Author Title Date STC# Bacon, Francis A briefe discourse, touching the Bacon, Francis A charge given by the most Bacon, Francis A collection of apophthegms Bacon, Francis A confession of faith Bacon, Francis A declaration of the practises Bacon, Francis A letter of advice Bacon, Francis A letter vvritten out of England Bacon, Francis A preparatory to the history of Bacon, Francis A speech delivered by Sir Francis Bacon, Francis A true and historical relation of the poysoning Bacon, Francis An essay of a king Bacon, Francis Apophthegmes Bacon, Francis Arcana microcosmi Bacon, Francis "Baconiana, or, Certain genuine " Bacon, Francis Bibliotheca Baconia Bacon, Francis Cases of treason Bacon, Francis Certain miscellany works of the Bacon, Francis Certaine considerations touching Bacon, Francis Certaine miscellany vvorks of the Bacon, Francis Essays Bacon, Francis

77. Aphra Behn: A Brief Chronology Molly Brown. aphra behn a brief chronology. 1680 The Revenge, attributedto aphra behn. 1681 The Rover Part II; The False Count; The Roundheads. http://www.okima.com/cast/behn.html

INVITATION TO A FUNERAL a tale of Restoration intrigue by Molly Brown Aphra Behn: a brief chronology circa 1640: Born. Details of her early life are vague. Birthplace may have been Kent, maiden name may have been Johnson. Also, she may have been adopted. 1663: Her (adopted?) father is appointed Lieutenant Governor of Surinam. The family travels to Surinam by ship, but her father dies on the voyage. circa May 1664: Returns to London. circa 1664: She marries a Dutch merchant named Behn, who later dies in the Plague. Or does she? Some writers have suggested her dead husband may have been a fabrication created to give her an air of respectability. July, 1666: She travels to Antwerp as a spy during the war against the Dutch. She is not paid for her services and has to borrow money in order to return home. Spring, 1667: Returns to London, heavily in debt. 1668: Unable to pay her debts, she is arrested and taken to prison. It is not clear which prison she went to, how long she was incarcerated, or who came up with the money to get her relased. September, 1670: She makes her debut as a playwright;

78. Words Of Women Aphra Behn Click here to return to main page, aphra behn. (16401689). lilip'sphotography Post to Need a book on aphra behn? The Poems of aphra http://www.photoaspects.com/lilip/behn.shtml

Aphra Behn lilip's photography Post to the messageboard Elizabeth Akers Allen Jane Austen ... Page One The Dream To the Fair Clarinda Epitaph on the tombstone of a child, the last of seven that died before Song from Abdelazar (Love in fantastic triumph sat) Need a book on Aphra Behn? The Poems of Aphra Behn : A Selection (Women's Classics) by Janet Todd (Editor) The Meridian Anthology of Early Women Writers : British Literary Women from Aphra Behn to Maria Edgeworth, 1660-1800

79. Aphra Behn (1640-1689) Writer 30 of the Most Influential Women of the Millennium Women's HistoryMonth 2001, aphra behn (16401689) Writer. aphra behn (1640-1689) http://www.pinn.net/~sunshine/whm2001/behn.html

Sunshine for Women WHM 2001, ToC Home Aphra Behn Esteemed as a writer in her own time, upon her death, Behn was buried in the East cloister of Westminster Abbey. In A Room of One's Own Virginia Woolf wrote that all women should "let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds." Although women had been writing for centuries, only a few women, such as Christine de Pizan (c.1364 - c.1431), had managed to earn their living by the pen. Indeed, only a few women had managed to earn an independent livelihood in any career. For the working class, there was plenty of work for women as washerwomen, brewsters, needleworkers, and the like, but then, as now, women were paid much less for their labor than men, and most women could not earn enough money to keep body and soul together. Women were forced to marry for their daily bread. For the rich and middle classes, only a few professions existed: governess and that's all I can think of at the moment. If the woman came from a Catholic family, she could take religious orders. Otherwise she was dependent on her family (her father, her brothers, or other close relatives), she married to establish her own family, or she became a courtesan or a prostitute. Her early life is shrouded in mystery, even the identity of her parents in unknown. Behn was possibly the Eaffry Johnson born to Bartholomew and Elizabeth Johnson in 1640 in Harbledon near Canterbury; in which case, her father was a barber. Somewhere along the line she became literate enough in French and Latin to produce English translations of works in those languages. How and where she acquired her education is unknown.

80. PRICEFARMER.COM: Farm-Fresh Price Comparisons Of Books aphra behn. 1. aphra behn Oroonoko, Or, the Royal Slave A CriticalEdition (Hardcover) by Adelaide P. Amore; aphra behn August 1987 http://www.pricefarmer.com/cgi-bin/farm?author=Behn, Aphra

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