61. The Interesting Narrative Of The Life Of Olaudah Equiano, Written By Himself The Interesting Narrative of the Life of olaudah equiano, Writtenby Himself Edited with an Introduction by Robert J. Allison In http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/usingseries/hovey/allison.htm

The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, Written by Himself Edited with an Introduction by Robert J. Allison In the nineteenth century, Frederick Douglass won international recognition with the publication of his first memoir, through which he sought to generate abolitionist convictions in his readers by detailing the horrors of slavery. However, in using the "slave narrative" to further the cause of freedom, Douglass followed a precedent established in 1789, with the appearance of The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano . Born in an Ibo village in Nigeria, Equiano was kidnapped as a child and sold into slavery, a condition he endured for a decade; he managed to purchase his freedom in 1766. During and after his years as a bondman, Equiano most frequently worked as a seaman, plying the trade routes of the Atlantic and serving in the British navy during the Seven Years’ War. Because these activities brought Equiano into contact with diverse societies, his Interesting Narrative provides readers with firsthand impressions of the closely related phenomena of eighteenth-century slavery and the expansion of international commerce.

62. Olaudah Equiano Back to ROBERT WEDDERBURN. Site Map easy navigation around the pages. olaudahequiano. olaudah equiano's account of his arrival in the West Indies in 1756, http://perso.wanadoo.fr/euroleader/wedderburn/equiano.htm

Back to ROBERT WEDDERBURN Site Map - easy navigation around the pages Olaudah Equiano Olaudah Equiano's account of his arrival in the West Indies in 1756 This woodcut motif , taken as the symbol o f the abolitionist movement of the period, was reproduced "most notably by Josiah Wedgwood in an oval medallion........ it is more than a slogan. In conjunction with the kneeling slave who clasps his hands upward in supplication, it is also a plea. From our perspective, it is clear that the egalitarian impulse is restrained by the claim of a familial bond: that the humble posture perpetuates the slave's inferior status and leaves the superiority of the white race intact. The abolition movement was, in other words, by no means immune from racism..... ." Judith Terry, Introduction to "Journal of a West India Proprietor" As the vessel drew nearer, we plainly saw the harbor and other ships of different kinds and sizes and we soon anchored amongst them off Bridgetown. Many merchants and planters came on board...They put us in separate parcels and examined us attentively. They also made us jump, and pointed to the land, signifying we were to go there. We thought by this we should be eaten by these ugly men, as they appeared to us. When soon after we were all put down under the deck again, there was much dread and trembling among us and nothing but bitter cries to be heard all the night from the apprehensions. At last the white people got some old slaves from the land to pacify us. They told us we were not to be eaten, but to work, and were soon to go on land, where we should see many of our country people. This report eased us much, and sure enough, soon after we landed, there came to us Africans of all languages.

63. Yekrik! Yekrak! Olaudah Equiano (1745 - Av. 1811) 1661 à 1715 olaudah equiano, écrivit son autobiographie, The interesting of the life of olaudahequiano, or Gustavos Vassa the African, written by himself, (Relation http://perso.wanadoo.fr/yekrik.yekrak/equiano.htm

KIDNAPPED (...)". The interesting of the life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavos Vassa the African, written by himsel Gentleman's magazine " ." Liens Olaudah Equiano's life, Equiano Foundation (Univ. of Cedar City, Utah) Courte biographie The life of Gustavus Vassa - chap. 2 : The Atlantic Voyage ; Chap. V : The Abuse of Slaves in the West Indies (Wash. St. Univ., Vancouver) : Extraits et petit questionnaire Longman Institute - The American Nation - Hist. of the US online - Primary sources - Olaudah Equiano : the middle passage Autre extrait et petit questionnaire Bibliographie, Jeunesse HOSKING (Teresa), Black people in Britain 1650-1850 , " Martin Dickins & Jap Jones - History in depth ", Mac Millan, London, 1984 Adultes EDWARDS (Paul), The life of Olaudah Equiano , Longmans, London, 1998 WALVIN (James), Black Ivory : a history of British slavery THOMAS (Hugues), The slave trade : The history of the Atlantic slave trade 1440-1870

64. Soham On-Line - Olaudah Equiano The Anti-Slave Activist olaudah equiano THE ANTI-SLAVE ACTIVIST. olaudah equiano - b.1745d.1797. olaudah equiano - b.1745 d.1797. Perhaps the most famous http://www.soham.org.uk/history/olaudahequiano.htm

window.defaultStatus = "Soham On-Line Community Website" OLAUDAH EQUIANO - THE ANTI-SLAVE ACTIVIST Olaudah Equiano - b.1745 d.1797 Perhaps the most famous marriage at St Andrew's Church, Soham was of Olaudah Equiano and Susannah Cullen (from Fordham) on the 7th April 1792. Slavery was still in force at the time of their marriage. Olaudah Equiano otherwise known as Gustavus Vassa was the African slave who gained his freedom and became an activist for the abolition of slavery in the 18th Century. He wrote his celebrated Autobiography - 'The interesting narrative of the life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa, the African 1789' which is still available to buy to this day. A Brief Biography After a shipwreck in the Bahamas he purchased his passage to England where he became a hairdresser in London c.1767. As a free man Equiano returned to the sea and to trade and during this time he took part in voyages to the West Indies, the Mediterranean and more notably, the Arctic in 1773 (an extraordinary venture in the 18th century). He converted to Methodism in about 1774. The next year, he helped set up a plantation in Central America, where he acted as the buyer and overseer of the black slaves. By 1777 he had resigned from this job and returned to London where he became involved in a plan to resettle poor blacks in Sierra Leone. His attempt to work for the Sierra Leone resettlement scheme (for London's destitute blacks) was short-lived since he was sacked for standing up for black rights in 1777. He started his anti-slavery activities around this time - first trying to free the black sea-cook, John Annis. From 1787, he devoted himself to the anti-slavery cause, going on lengthy speaking tours in order to win over public opinion. His personal account, 'The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African', published in 1789, was a "uniquely detailed account of an African's movement out of slavery". It was the most important single literary contribution to the campaign for the abolition of slavery.

65. Heinemann: Olaudah Equiano olaudah equiano Sorry we have no biographical information on olaudah equiano.Available from olaudah equiano. EMAIL this page to a friend. http://www.heinemann.com/shared/Authors/668.asp

Welcome to Heinemann Search Advanced Search Browse Topics New Titles Firsthand Reading Writing ... View All Topics >> Explore Professional Development Planning Services Heinemann Workshops Heinemann Speakers HeinemannU ... Seminars Special Features Resource Center Sample Chapters Exhibit Schedule Heinemann Distributors ... Help Olaudah Equiano Sorry we have no biographical information on Olaudah Equiano. Available from Olaudah Equiano EMAIL this page to a friend Available from Olaudah Equiano Equiano's Travels (Paperback)

66. Calls For Papers: 18th: CFP: Olaudah Equiano (UK) (11/30/02; 3/ CFP olaudah equiano (UK) (11/30/02; 3/22/03). From Brycchan REFERENCES· Carretta, Vincent, 'olaudah equiano or Gustavus Vassa? New Light http://www.english.upenn.edu/CFP/archive/18th/0075.html

CFP: Olaudah Equiano (UK) (11/30/02; 3/22/03) From: Brycchan Carey ( brycchan.carey@britishlibrary.net Date: Thu Jun 20 2002 - 20:06:09 EDT Next message: Derek Hughes: "UPDATE: The Conquest of America (9/15/02; ASECS/ISECS, 8/3/03-8/10/03)" Previous message: Eighteenth Century Interdisciplinary Group: "CFP: Long 18th Century (no deadline; various)" Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] OLAUDAH EQUIANO: REPRESENTATION AND REALITY An International One-Day Conference Kingston University, Surrey, UK Saturday 22 March 2003 CALL FOR PAPERS Academic study of Olaudah Equiano has been energised in recent years by arguments asserting that some aspects of The Interesting Narrative (1789) may not represent Equiano's personal experience. In particular, the critics S.E. Ogude and Vincent Carretta have cast doubt over Equiano's account of his birth and upbringing in Africa, his kidnapping, and his experience of the Middle Passage. While Ogude's argument is based in textual analysis, Carretta's evidence emerges from archival work - yet both reach similar conclusions: that Equiano probably never visited Africa, and that the early

67. OLAUDAH EQUIANO THE AUTOBIOGRAPH OF. olaudah equiano. BLACK SATIN COLLECTIBLES. presents. THE INTERESTINGNARRATIVE OF. THE LIFE OF. olaudah equiano,. OR GUSTAVUS VASSA. THE AFRICAN. http://www.blacksatincollectibles.com/equiano-display.htm

THE AUTOBIOGRAPH OF OLAUDAH EQUIANO BLACK SATIN COLLECTIBLES presents THE INTERESTING NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF OLAUDAH EQUIANO, OR GUSTAVUS VASSA THE AFRICAN. WRITTEN BY HIMSELF First American Edition New York Printed and Sold by W. Durell Book Store and Print Shop No. 19 Q Street It is always an important and significant event when collectors have the opportunity to acquire documented accounts of enslaved Africans and even more significant when the documentation is done by the enslaved person himself. Here is a most important autobiography written by Olaudah Equiano, who with his sister, was kidnapped while out playing, when they were just children, . Equiano tells of how in 1745 he was born in the area of African that we now know as Nigeria. He chronicles his life, as an enslaved person, spending a great deal of that life as an enslaved person to a captain in the Royal Navy. Eventually he earns enough to buy his freedom and becomes very involved in the abolitionist movement in London, where the book was first published. The book, a tremendous success, with many editions being printed in London, the United States and other countries, eventually made Equiano a wealthy man. This copy is the first American Edition. It is one book containing two volumes, Volume I and Volume II, although the first 14 pages of Volume I are missing. However, this copy contains a steel plate illustration of the sought-after plate of the author, himself. We are told that although there may be other copies of this edition, most are missing the illustrated portrait of Olaudah Equiano. Especially curious is the name of the previous owners whose names are inscribed on the inside front cover. The inscription reads "

68. Harvard University Press/Black Jacks/Olaudah Equiano Back to Black Jacks Index. olaudah equiano. All rights reserved. Excerptsfrom olaudah equiano's autobiography are available on the Web.. http://www.hup.harvard.edu/features/bolbla/olaudah_equiano.html

69. Slave Narratives: The Story Of Olaudah Equiano Slave Narratives The Story of olaudah equiano. Students will research the experiencesof olaudah equiano after his narrative and create a children’s book. http://www.amistadamerica.org/new/main/html/curriculum/equiano.html

Lesson Plan 2-3 days High School Slave Narratives: The Story of Olaudah Equiano Possible Subject Area(s): English, Social Studies Overview Central Themes: Change, cultural differences, individual perceptions Objectives Students will read and respond to texts in individual and critical ways. Students will describe thoughts, opinions, and questions that arise as they read to demonstrate a basic understanding of the text. Students will produce written, oral, and visual texts to express, develop, and substantiate ideas and experiences. Materials Needed Texts Notebooks Unlined paper Suggested Procedure/Activities Prewriting: Describe your family and the place where you live. If you were suddenly taken away from your home, what would your concerns be? Discuss student responses in class. Encourage students to add ideas from the class discussion to their journal notes. These might be done in different color ink. Homework: Suggested Assessment/Evaluation Reader response journal, class discussion, illustration, research homework. Possible Extensions/Resources The Norton Anthology of African American Literature . Henry Louis Gates Jr. and Nellie Y. McKay, editors.

70. Equiano Bibliography (Carey) Selected Bibliography olaudah equiano (17451797). By Brycchan Carey, KingstonUniversity. Vincent Carretta, olaudah equiano or Gustavus Vassa? http://www.c18.rutgers.edu/biblio/equiano.html

c18 Europe c18 America Search Interroger ... Contacter Selected Bibliography: Olaudah Equiano By Brycchan Carey Kingston University Last revised 3 July 2002 Bibliographies There is no comprehensive printed bibliography of secondary literature on Ignatius Sancho. Brycchan Carey has produced an attempt at a comprehensive on-line bibliography at http://www.brycchancarey.com/equiano/ Editions The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself , 2 vols (London, 1789). The first edition is notable for a number of reasons, including that it is the first work we know of to have been both written and published by an African in England. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself , 2 vols (New York, 1791). The first (unauthorised) American edition. The Life of Olaudah Equiano, or, Gustavus Vassa the African , reprinted with a new introduction by Paul Edwards, Colonial History Series (London: Dawson, 1969). A facsimile of the 1789 first edition with an important introduction by Paul Edwards. This one of the first texts of the Equiano renaissance. The Interesting Narrative and Other Writings , ed. Vincent Carretta (London and New York: Penguin, 1995). Reprints the ninth edition (London, 1794) along with a number of Equiano's letters and newspaper articles. Scholarly, with a wealth of detailed notes, this is now the standard edition. A new edition with further critical and historical material, is promised for 2002.

71. Olaudah Equiano AMERICAN LITERATURE I, 11213 Timothy E. Trask, Professor. olaudah equiano. Biofrom British Library. Map of equiano's Travels. Excerpts from his Narrative. http://www.massasoit.mass.edu/faculty/ttrask/AfAmlitI/equiano.html

African- American Lit I Quick Links: Terry Wheatley Walker Equiano ... F. Johnson AMERICAN LITERATURE I, 11213 Timothy E. Trask, Professor Olaudah Equiano Bio from British Library Map of Equiano's Travels Excerpts from his Narrative ... African-American Literature (most complete collection I've found) Website for American Authors Back to: Schedule Revised: 3 September 2001

72. Life Of Olaudah Equiano, The: Longman African Writers Series - Allyn & Bacon / L RELATED TITLES. History of Africa (History). African Literature (English Literature).Life of olaudah equiano, The Longman African Writers Series. Paul Edwards. http://www.ablongman.com/catalog/academic/product/1,4096,0582264731,00.html

Select a discipline Anthropology Communication Counseling Criminal Justice Developmental English Early Childhood Education Educational Leadership Ed Psych / School Psych ELT / ESL English Composition English Literature Foundations of Education History Humanities Interdisciplinary Studies Literacy Education Philosophy Political Science Psychology Religious Studies Social Work/Family Therapy Sociology Special Education Technical Communication Theatre RELATED TITLES History of Africa (History) African Literature (English Literature) Life of Olaudah Equiano, The: Longman African Writers Series Paul Edwards ISBN: 0-582-26473-1 Publisher: Longman Format: Paper; 186 pp Published: 04/11/1995 Status: Instock US: $15.00 You Save: $1.50 (10% off) Our Price: $13.50 Add to Cart Instructor Exam Copy COLLEGE: Catalog Faculty Center Student Center Author Center ... Professional Catalog 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02116 Longman 1185 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10036 Pearson Education Companies Legal Notice Feedback the.webmaster@ablongman.com

73. The Interesting Narrative Of The Life Of Olaudah Equiano, Or Gustavus Vassa, The olaudah equiano. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of olaudah equiano, or GustavusVassa, The African, Written by Himself A NORTON CRITICAL EDITION. Contents http://www.wwnorton.com/college/english/NCE/EQUIANO/toc.htm

Olaudah Equiano The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The African, Written by Himself A NORTON CRITICAL EDITION Contents Introduction Acknowledgments The Text of The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself Map: Equiano's World Frontispiece Title Page List of Subscribers Contents of Volumes I and II The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself Notes on the Text Selected Varients Additions Selected Textual Differences between First and Ninth Editions Contexts Illustration : Nautical Terms Related Public Writings James Tobin * From Cursory Remarks [upon James Ramsay's Antislavery Writing] (1785) Gustavas Vassa * Letter to James Tobin (January 28, 1788) Samuel Jackson Pratt * From Humanity; or, the Rights of Nature Gustavus Vassa * Letter to the Author of the Poem on Humanit (June 27, 1788) Illustration : Cross section of the slave ship Brookes Gustavus Vassa * Letter to the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade (February 14, 1789)

74. The Interesting Narrative Of The Life Of Olaudah Equiano, Or Gustavus Vassa, The olaudah equiano The Interesting Narrative of the Life of olaudah equiano,or Gustavus Vassa, The African, Written by Himself A NORTON http://www.wwnorton.com/college/english/NCE/EQUIANO/overview.htm

Olaudah Equiano The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The African, Written by Himself A NORTON CRITICAL EDITION Edited by Werner Sollers Harvard University 384 pages ISBN 0-393-97494-4 paper Order Online Back to the NCE Page The text of Equiano's narrative presented here is that of the 1789 first edition. It is accompanied by an introduction, maps, illustrations, and annotations. Contexts provides essential public writings on the autobiography, general and historical background, related travel and scientific literature, other eighteenth-century works by authors of African ancestry, and works debating the slave trade. Criticism includes six contemporary reviews and nine modern essays on the narrative by Paul Edwards, Charles T. Davis, Houston A. Baker, Jr., Angelo Costanzo, Catherine Obianju Acholonu, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Geraldine Murphy, Adam Potkay, and Robert J. Allison. A Chronology and Selected Bibliography are included.

75. African American Registry: Olaudah Equiano Slave And Author On this date in 1745, we remember the birth of olaudah equiano. He wasan African slave, and author. olaudah equiano slave and author. http://www.aaregistry.com/african_american_history/1233/Olaudah_Equiano_slave_an

Olaudah Equiano slave and author Home What Happened on Your Birthday? Search the Registry by Category ... Contact March 12 Olaudah Equiano On this date in 1745, we remember the birth of Olaudah Equiano. He was an African slave and author. From Nigeria, Equiano also known as (Gustavus Vassa) was kidnapped from his African village at the age of eleven, shipped through the grueling "Middle Passage" of the Atlantic Ocean, placed in the West Indies and sold to a Virginia planter. He was later bought by a British naval Officer (Captain Pascal) as a present for his cousins in London. After ten years of enslavement throughout the North America, where he assisted his merchant slave master and worked as a seaman, Equiano bought his freedom. At the age of forty-four he wrote and published his autobiography, "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The African." He registered this writing at Stationer's Hall, London, in 1789. More than two centuries later, his work was recognized not only as one of the first works written in English by a former slave, but perhaps more important as the paradigm of the slave narrative, a (then) new literary genre. In his narrative Equiano recalls his childhood in Essaka (an Igbo village formerly in northeast Nigeria), where he was adorned in the tradition of the "greatest warriors." He is unique in his memory of traditional African life before the advent of the European slave trade. Equally significant is Equiano's writing of life on the high seas, which included travels throughout the Americas, Turkey and the Mediterranean. He also noted his participation in major naval battles during the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War), and in the search for a northwest passage led by the Phipps expedition of 1772-1773.

76. African Writers Index olaudah equiano. equiano's Travels. olaudah equiano was born in 1745in a village east of the Niger River in what is now Nigeria. http://www.geocities.com/africanwriters/AuthorsE.html

African Writers Index (Still under construction) Home Authors E Authors: E Latest Books! Click Here Ekwensi, Cyprian Emecheta, Buchi Equiano, Olaudah Cyprian EKWENSI Burning Grass "A moving tale of family ties in a nomadic tribe of Northern Nigeria." Books for Africa Top of Form African Literature Index African Writers Index E-mail us! Jagua Nana There can be few novels in Africa which are more popular than this story of a warm-hearted prostitute desperate to marry into the educated elite. Top of Form African Literature Index African Writers Index E-mail us! Buchi EMECHETA Kehinde Kehinde is a Nigerian woman, unsure of herself, not quite certain she has the right to be happy. With her husband, Albert, she has made a home in London, and has a promising career when Albert decides they should return to Nigeria. Kehinde is loath to do so, and joins him later, reluctantly, only to discover that he has taken a second, younger wife. Her years in England have left Kehinde unwilling and unprepared to re-embrace Nigerian social mores; and unable to accept the situation, she returns to London. "With her usual lucidity and in a lilting yet plain-spoken style, Emecheta tells of one woman's search for independence." Publishers Weekly

77. E E. Eastman, Charles Alexander, Edwards, Jonathan, Eliot, TS , Ellison, Ralph, Emerson,Ralph Waldo, equiano, olaudah,. Charles Alexander Eastman. olaudah equiano. http://home.att.net/~russelj2/amlit/e.html

E Eastman, Charles Alexander Edwards, Jonathan Eliot, T. S. Ellison, Ralph ... Equiano, Olaudah Charles Alexander Eastman Ohiyesa (Dr. Charles Alexander Eastman) Charles Alexander Eastman, Sioux/Ohiyesa (1858-1939) Charles Alexander Eastman (Sioux) (1858-1939): Classroom Issues and Strategies The Soul of the Indian ... Etext Jonathan Edwards Picture courtesy of American Writers Pictorial Index Jonathan Edwards On-Line "Chapter 2: Early American Literature: 1700-1800 - Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758)" Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) ... Etext T. S. Eliot Picture courtesy of American Writers Pictorial Index The T.S. Eliot Prufrock Page The T. S. Eliot Page TSE: The Web Site ... I. A. Richards, T S. Eliot and the Poetry of Belief Ralph Ellison Picture courtesy of American Writers Pictorial Index Ralph Ellison (1914-1994) Ralph Waldo Ellison (1914-1994) Ralph Ellison's ... Link 3 Ralph Waldo Emerson Picture courtesy of American Writers Pictorial Index Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882): A Guide to Resources Works of Ralph Waldo Emerson Tribute to Ralph Waldo Emerson ... Emerson Quotes Olaudah Equiano Picture courtesy of American Writers Pictorial Index Olaudah Equiano (1745-1797) Olaudah Equiano (1745-1797) olaudah equiano ... Olaudah Equiano or Gustavas Vassa, the African - a short biography

78. Father Of American Autobiography: Olaudah Equiano Father of American Autobiography. olaudah equiano. (Vassa Gustavius). olaudah equianocame to America by force;. With the little he knew, he professed the culture. http://www.kwenu.com/profile/olaudah.htm

Kwenu! Father of American Autobiography OLAUDAH EQUIANO (Vassa Gustavius) Igbo African Slave Sailor American Hairdresser Writer Englishman Christian Explorer Abolitionist Commissioner Father of American Autobiography Olaudah Equiano came to America by force; With the little he knew, he professed the culture And left a priceless gift for the Igbo future. Our post Biafra War generation came by choice: We must keep the future alive in all nations For the present and for future generations. M. O. Ené Olaudah Equiano: The Interesting Narrative Preface Chapter One Chapter Two More later www.kwenu.com : Simply surprise yourself yonder!

79. Olaudah Equiano Or Gustavas Vassa, The African - A Short Biography olaudah equiano or Gustavas Vassa, the African a short chronologyof his life. This is the very moving story of an African who http://www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/easyrider/data/equibio.htm

Olaudah Equiano or Gustavas Vassa, the African - a short chronology of his life This is the very moving story of an African who was captured and put on a slave ship. Here are some extracts from his autobiography. 1745 (approx) Born into the Ibo tribe in West Africa 'We are almost a nation of dancers, musicians and poets.' Age 10, captured by two men and a woman, and sold as a slave several times. Saw a white person for the first time and was put on a ship. Experienced the horrors of a slave ship 'the shrieks of the women and the groans of the dying made a scene of horror.' Arrived in Barbados and sold on and taken to a plantation in North America 'Many merchants and planters came on board. We thought we might be eaten by these ugly men.' Bought by Michael Henry Pascal of the Royal Navy as a present for his friends. Saw people reading on board the ship 'I had often seen my master reading and I had a great curiosity to talk to the books as I thought he did. For that purpose I have often taken up a book and have talked to it and then put my ears to it, when alone, in hopes that it would answer me; and I have been very much concerned when I found it remained silent.' Arrived in Falmouth, England, aged 12. Lived with gentlewomen as a slave and learned to read

80. Transatlantic Slavery - Olaudah Equiano, Merseyside Maritime Museum, National Mu olaudah equiano. equiano wrote his autobiography in 1789.In these extracts he described his early life in Africa. http://www.nmgm.org.uk/maritime/slavery/olaudah.html

Olaudah Equiano Equiano wrote his autobiography in 1789. In these extracts he described his early life in Africa. Click on icon to hear transcript - Early Life That part of Africa, known by the name of Guinea, to which the trade for slaves is carried on, extends along the coast above 3400 miles, from Senegal to Angola, and includes a variety of kingdoms. Of these, the most considerable is the kingdom of Benin, both as to extent and wealth, the richness and cultivation of the soil, the power of the king and the number and warlike disposition of the inhabitants. This kingdom is divided into many provinces or districts; in one of the most remote and fertile of which, called Eboe, I was born in the year 1745, in a charming fruitful vale named Essaka. The distance of the province from the capital of Benin and the sea coast must be very considerable; for I had never heard of white men or Europeans. Click on icon to hear transcript Agriculture Our land is uncommonly rich and fruitful, and produces all kinds of vegetables in abundance. We have plenty of Indian corn, and vast quantities of cotton and tobacco. Our pineapples grow with culture; they are about the size of the largest sugar loaf, and finely flavoured. We have also spices of different kinds, particularly pepper; and a variety of delicious fruits which I have never seen in Europe; together with gum of various kinds and honey in abundance. All our industry is exerted to improve those blessings of nature. Agriculture is our chief employment; and everyone, even the children and women, are engaged in it. Thus we all habituated to labour from our earliest years.

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