81. Vipera Berus - Adder Or Viper places. They are our only venomous snakes, and although very poisonousan adder's bite rarely proves fatal for an adult. Even so http://www.first-nature.com/reptiles/vipera_berus.htm

Take me to... Viper berus (Adder) Lacerta vivipara (Common Lizard) Natrix natrix (Grass Snake) Anguis fragilis (Slowworm) Reptile House Meet the author Home Base Viper berus - Adder A full-grown adult adder can be up to 65 cm long - much smaller than a grass snake. The grey-brown background colour of the adder is quite different from the dark green of a grass snake, and yet many people have difficulty distinguishing the two. Adders have a dark zig-zag running along the back and a dark Vee on the back of the head. The point of the Vee is between the eyes. The patterning and the background colour become duller just before the snake sheds (sloughs) a skin. Adders - also known as common vipers - are found throughout Wales and are particularly common on heathland and on grassy cliff-tops and slopes, where they like to bask in open areas (including on footpaths). Unlike grass snakes, adders do not like wet places. They are our only venomous snakes, and although very poisonous an adder's bite rarely proves fatal for an adult. Even so, if you go walking in adder habitat it is advisable to wear stout footwear that will protect your ankles. The diet of adders is very varied and includes voles and other small rodents, lizards, birds eggs, insects and snails. Like other reptiles, they hibernate under ground throughout the cold winter months, usually choosing the same place year after year.

82. Penumbra: The Puff Adder Who Was Stuck - Environment, Ages 5 To 8 She thinks about all the little snakes she is used to, but this one is so big It'sa puff adder, a snake that puffs up its head in defense to scare its enemies http://www.penumbrapress.ca/kids/puffadder_environment.php

Penumbra Press Home New Releases Forthcoming Browse Books ... View Print Version Kids' Activities Jane Lind presents ... The Puff Adder Who Was Stuck Written by Jackie Lewis Illustrated by Cindy Crew Theme: EnvironmentThe Ecosystem and the Creatures , Ages 5 to 8 The Puff Adder Who Was Stuck This is a beautiful story, written in the first person in a direct authentic child's voice. One morning Opal finds an unusual snake when she is hanging out laundry for her mother. She thinks about all the little snakes she is used to, but this one is so big and has such a big head she decides it must be a cobra and she is frightened. She yells for her mother, saying she found a cobra. Her mother has such a sensible response. "Opal, you know that cobras don't live around here." When her mother comes to see the snake, she jumps back and says, "Ooooooh... gross!" and Opal laughs because her mother looks so funny. The commotion draws their friends, and one of them, Sophie, wants to kill the snake, but suddenly Opal feels she wants to protect it. The snake is stuck in the chicken wire, and they agree that they must set it free, but the question is, how? Danny gets a wire cutters, and the children decide "Mum" must do it, which she does, wearing leather mitts and a fur coat while she covers the snake's head with a towel from the clothes line. As soon as the snake is free, it slides away underneath the chicken house. The children and Opal's mum sit in the shade and find a picture of the snake in a natural science book. It's a puff adder, a snake that puffs up its head in defense to scare its enemies.

83. DADASHANGA.HTML the respective snakes and may be coloured red, white and black (see colour symbolism).Thecobra is not shown at Thengwe. Tshitemahe (the night adder) is http://sapir.ukc.ac.uk/QUB/Domba School/D_Tshitemahe.html

MA ANO - SHOWS Phakhuphakhu THE COBRA Tshitemahe THE NIGHT ADDER The clay models resemble the respective snakes and may be coloured red, white and black (see colour symbolism ).The cobra is not shown at Thengwe. Tshitemahe (the night adder) is supposed to be shown at night during a spell of wet weather. It is described as "a very shy snake, which will not bite you unless you disturb it. Before it bites, it jumps up and stands on its tail." This is a fairly accurate description of the male organ, which the snake symbolizes, but it is not a true account of the behaviour of the night adder! It might be considered characteristic of a cobra, but I was assured that Tshitemahe is not a cobra. Lesson In addition to the explanation of the colour symbolism, two meanings are given for the night adder ano Mulayo Tshitemahe ndi mugondo wa tshivhele-vhele; tshi owa tsha vhutungu vhunzhi. The night adder is the tracker of the labia minora: a little snake that causes much pain. The most obvious explanation is that this refers to the entry of the penis, and especially when a girl is a virgin. The other meaning, which was given to me by two masters of initiation, is that the entry of semen into the womb is said to be controlled by a snake, which acts like a door to let the sperm in and out; if the snake does not close the sperm in, they will come out agin. The snake causes pain by making a woman pregnant and hence precipitating child-birth.

84. Treatment Of Australian Snake Bites the untreated death rates were as high as 40% to 50% for death adder and tiger Scalepatterns and colours can be quite unreliable, especially for brown snakes. http://www.usyd.edu.au/anaes/venom/snakebite.html

Snake Bites In Australia there are about 3,000 snake bites per year, of which 200 to 500 receive antivenom; on average one or two will prove fatal. About half the deaths are due to bites from the brown snake; the rest mostly from tiger snake, taipan and death adder. Some deaths are sudden, however in fact it is uncommon to die within four hours of a snake bite. Struan Sutherland's 'Death from snake bite in Australia, 1981-1991' (The Medical Journal of Australia, December 1991, Volume 7, pages 740-46) contains some graphic descriptions of the 18 known fatal snake bites in that ten year period. In 1906, the untreated death rates were as high as 40% to 50% for death adder and tiger snake bites! Improved supportive treatment and the availability of effective antivenoms has reduced this considerably. Contents: Snake Identification Brown Snake (Common Eastern, Gwardir, Dugite) Taipan Tiger Snake Death Adder Copperhead ... King Brown Snake (Mulga) Redbellied Black Snake Rough Scaled Snake Small Scaled Snake (Fierce) First aid for snake bites Signs and Symptoms Medical management AntiVenoms For more information go to the Australian Venom Research Unit site or the Australian Reptile Park Snake Identification Before the advent of polyvalent antivenoms it was extremely important to positively identify the snake. Although less important now, it remains highly desirable, because snake-specific antivenoms are less hazardous to the patient than polyvalent antivenoms. Snake identification can be very difficult if it was seen fleetingly or in poor light. Scale patterns and colours can be quite unreliable, especially for brown snakes.

85. Snake_Tales and ears. In four boxes were snakes, there was a red bellied snake,death adder, brown snake and the fierce snake. The most poisonous http://www.brookvaleps.nsw.edu.au/Environment/Activities/SNAKES/Snake_Tales.htm

Brookvale Public School SNAKE TAILS At the end we all got to hold Baby Face. BY TALIA On the Wednesday, March 11th Years 3, 4, 5 and 6 went and saw a show that was called Snake Tails. It was all about reptiles. There are 4 kinds of families. They are the lizards, crocodiles, turtles and snakes. There were 4 snakes that the man brought in to show us. There was a brown snake, a red bellied black snake, a fierce snake and the death adder. There was a box next to him that had all the families in it except a crocodile. First he took out a blue tongue lizard and talked about blue tongues for a while, then he took out a turtle and explained about what them. After that he took out a lizard called a dragon lizard. Dragon lizards can run on their back legs so fast that they can run on water. Last of all he took out a snake called Baby Face. It was very big. Snakes can't hear nor see very well. He told us that if you are three metres or closer and if you are moving the snake will have a go at you, but you are a blur to them. You never hit a snake. If you see one, just walk away. Snakes can't generate heat so they like to lay in the sun. He told us that some snakes lay eggs and some snakes have live babies. 18 of the 20 most deadliest snakes live in Australia. Some snakes can bite 30 times a second. At the end we got to pat and hold Baby Face, and she was pretty heavy.

86. Isle-Of-Lewis and the puff adder). Asp. 06 Brazen serpent a bronze serpent which was the symbolraised by Moses in the wilderness when the people were plagued by snakes. http://chesmayn.valuehost.co.uk/Snake.htm

87. National Geographic Channel USA: Snake Wranglers, A Show About Rattlers, Cobras 8, at 8 pm ET/PT Craig and Jackie AdamsMaher of the Australian Reptile Park searchfor one of Australia's deadliest snakes—the death adder—whose venom is http://www.nationalgeographic.com/channel/highlights/snakes.html

Home Site Index MAGAZINES: National Traveler Adventure NG Kids NG Explorer TV AND FILM: Channel (U.S.) Channel (Intl) Explorer More TV SUBJECTS: About National Adventure Animals Education History and Kids Maps and News Photography Science and Travel Shop Customer Service Complete Site Site Index Subscribe Shop See if you get the Channel Enter your zip to find out Program Preview Play streaming video. Free Newsletter New programs. Special offers. Inside stories. Shop Online Now you can get NGC programming on VHS or DVD. Go >> Snake Wranglers Wednesdays at 8 p.m. ET/PT From discovering new slithering species to collecting deadly venom, these real-world snake wranglers will bring you face-to-fang with some of the most mesmerizing snakes on the planet. View a video preview of this series on our Program Preview page >> Serpents of the Sea Premieres Wednesday, April 2, at 8 p.m. ET/PT Internationally renowned venom researcher Dr. Bryan Fry plunges into the deadly waters off the coast of Australia with his wife and research assistant, Alexia, to capture and milk highly venomous sea snakes for the creation of new antivenom. See other airtimes and get e-mail reminders.

88. VENOMOUS SNAKES Coral snakes. Common death adder Eastern death adder Desert death adder CopperheadSpottedheaded snake Broad-headed snake Krefft's tiger snake King Island http://www.homegrownherps.com/venomous_snakes_list.htm

VENOMOUS SNAKES Vipers Adders (see also Asps and Vipers) African bush vipers Mole vipers Gaboon viper Rhinoceros viper Hognose viper Jumping viper Eyelash viper Horned viper Sahara sand viper Saw-scaled viper Saw-scaled/Arabian viper Palestine/Persian horned viper Long-nosed viper Asp viper European viper Lataste's/snub-nosed viper Levantine viper Russell's viper Orsini's viper Near East viper Palestine viper Turkish viper Atheris species Atractaspis species Bitis gabonica Bitis naricornis Bothrops nasutus Bothrops nummifer Bothrops schlegelii Cerastes cerastes Cerastes vipera Echis carinatus Echis coloratus Pseudocerastes persicus Vipera ammodytes Vipera aspis Vipera berus Vipera latasti Vipera lebetina Vipera russelli Vipera ursinii Vipera xanthina Vipera xanthina palaestinae Vipera xanthina xanthina Pit vipers American Common cantil Taylor's cantil Southern copperhead Broad-banded copperhead Northern copperhead Osage copperhead Trans-Pecos copperhead Florida cottonmouth Eastern cottonmouth Western cottonmouth

89. Italian Snakes snakes general. Coluber gemonensis ( Balcans snake). Coluber hippocrepis (horseshoe snake). Vipera berus ( adder ). Vipera ursinii ( field adder ). back. http://www.kingsnake.co.uk/reptilia-italia/My_HomePage_file/snakes.htm

Snakes: general Coluber gemonensis ( Balcans snake) Coluber hippocrepis ... back

90. PUFF ADDER widely distributed snakes in Africa. The different species differ in size and colouring,but the effects of their venom, except for that of the berg adder, are http://www.adventureaddicts.com/africa info/african reptiles/PUFF ADDER.htm

Puffaddar (Bitis arietans) Puffadders are responsible for more bites than all other snakes combined in Africa. Puffaddars are normally very sluggish and reluctant to move away from asking place, which quite often happens to be a footpath. This habit and its camouflage presents the danger of them being trodden on and the victim bitten before he or she is even aware of the snake's presence. Like most adder species, they are more active at night than during the day. They are also the most widely distributed snakes in Africa. The different species differ in size and colouring, but the effects of their venom, except for that of the berg adder, are very similar. It is a very thickset snake, on the average about 90 cm in length, although specimens of 120 cm and a80 cm have been reported from parts of South Africa and East Africa respectively. A specimen of about 90 cm may have a circumference of more than 20 cm or a diameter of 7 cm or more. The bodycolour is yellowish, or light brown to olive brown, with more or less regular backwardly rirected chevron-shaped dark-brown to black bars or bands over the back and the tail. The body could also be dark-brown to black with yellow to orange markings. When disturbed it inflates itself with air, which is let out in loud hisses or puffs as a warning that it is ready to strike. In contrast to their sluggish locomotion, they can strike very fast, either forward or sideways, but never backwards. The long curved fangs are situated in front in the upper jaw. Unlike the back-fanged snakes and some of the Elapids, they do not hang on after biting.

91. Adder Beads And Stones it was the current belief in the Lewis, when cattle became sick, that they had beenbitten by snakes; and in order to effect a cure the adderstone was dipped http://www.electricscotland.com/history/articles/charms7.htm

Clans Tartans History Travel ... Feedback Scottish Charms and Amulets Adder Beads and Stones The ornamented beads of vitreous paste found throughout Britain, and commonly known as "adder-beads," were formerly believed by the peasantry to have been made by adders, and to be of the greatest efficacy in the cure of numerous diseases. It was believed "that about Midsummer Eve (tho’ in the time they do not all agree) ‘tis usual for snakes to meet in Companies, and that by joyning heads together, and hissing, a kind of Bubble is form’d like a ring about the head of one of them, which the rest by continual hissing blow on till it comes off at the tail, and then it immediately hardens and resembles a glass ring; which whoever finds (as some old women and children are perswaded) shall prosper in all his undertakings." It is remarkable that this account of the origin of these beads is identical with Pliny’s description of the origin of the ovum anguinum

92. Poisonous Snakes In Kazakhstan Kazakhstan is home to three types of poisonous snakes belonging to two differentspecies Viperidae (1.Viper/adder berus photo 1) found in the north of http://expat.nursat.kz/?section_id=1484

93. Adders And Grass Snakes This is the response she received 11/14/2000. I'm afraid an adderis small fry if it's big snakes you're looking for. As the saying http://coloherp.org/cb-news/Vol-28/cbn-0102/Adders.html

The Cold Blooded News The Newsletter of the Colorado Herpetological Society Volume 28, Number 2; February, 2001 Adders And Grass Snakes in and Around Alice Holt Forest, North East Hampshire, U.K. Reprinted from the Maine Herpetological Society Newsletter, Vol.8, No.12, January 2001. Debbie Seeber, MHS member from East Millinocket, ME, e-mailed her cousin in England to find out what she could tell us about the herp life there. This is the response she received: I'm afraid an adder is small fry if it's big snakes you're looking for. As the saying goes, "If an adder's more than two feet, it's a grass snake," and, in my experience, a grass snake (being non-poisonous but able to grow up to about 6 feet) is a peaceable sort of chap who prefers to keep to himself. The only really close encounter we ever had with a grass snake was when a baby one was cohabiting through the winter with a pair of toads under an old tile in our drive. One day, I suppose, the two toads reasoned that small snakes grow into big snakes and big snakes have a taste for toads - so they packed their bags and left. Shortly after that, the snake left too. However, adders are a different matter. All the natural science programmes on t.v. tell you they're shy creatures who will always slip away as soon as they see you, if they can. Well, all I can say is the adders in our little bit of a forest (4 square miles) haven't read the snake manuals. It's very rarely that they'll give up a sunny spot on a footpath or even in the car park, once they've found one, without a fight.

94. Blind Snakes Blind snakes. Africa. Habits They are very primitive burrowing snakesthat are well adapted to their underground existence. They http://www.sun.ac.za/forlang/snakes/blindsnakes.html

Blind snakes List of species Berg adder Rinkhals Boom slang Spotted Skaapsteker ... Blind snakes Name: Typhlops and Rhinotyphlops Length: Average 20cm Maximum 46cm Active: Nocturnal and diurnal Dwelling: Ground Look out for A cylindrical body with highly polished scales. A blunt head indistinct from the rest of the body. Eyes greatly reduced and barely visible. Exposed during ploughing or digging operations. Heavy rains may force them to the surface. Preferred habitat There are several different types that inhabit a wide variety of habitats all over South Africa. Habits They are very primitive burrowing snakes that are well adapted to their underground existence. They are seldom seen and are found underground and under rocks or in termite mounds. Note the small eyes of the Blind snake Danger to man None.

95. ULTIMATE REPTILES PRICE LIST PHOTO GALLERY CARE SHEETS HOW TO Collett Snake (Pseudechis colletti), Common Death adder (Acanthophis actarcticus),Common Death adder Amelanistic in colour (Acanthophis antarcticus), http://reptile.senet.com.au/photosnake.html

ULTIMATE REPTILES PRICE LIST ... Turtles SNAKE AND ELAPID PHOTOS Click on the image to see a larger copy of the photo. Hit BACK on your browser to return. South Eastern Common Tree Snake Dendrelaphis punctualata Common Tree Snake Darwin form Dendrelaphis punctalata BrownTree Snake Northern Banded Boiga irregularis Brown Tree Snake (Boiga irregularis ELAPID PHOTOS Click on the image to see a larger copy of the photo. Hit BACK on your browser to return. Red Bellied Black Snake Pseudechis porphyriacus Collett Snake Pseudechis colletti Common Death Adder Acanthophis actarcticus Common Death Adder Amelanistic in colour Acanthophis antarcticus Barclay Tablelands Death Adder Gravid female Acanthophis antarcticus Barclay Tablelands Death Adder Acanthophis antarcticus Last updated on 27th November, 2001 Website design by Mafu Designs

96. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Others (Snakes) of Florida); Eastern Hognose Snake; Eastern Hognose Snake (HissingAdder); Eastern Indigo Snake (snakes of Florida); Eastern Ribbon http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/Middle_School/S

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 Others document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); A - L World Book Online Article on ADDER World Book Online Article on BOOMSLANG World Book Online Article on BUSHMASTER ... Contact Us

97. Neurotoxins Of The Death Adder Neurotoxins of the Common Death adder, Acanthropus antarticusand other Australiansnakes ,The Faculty of Science at the University of Technology Sydney. http://www.science.uts.edu.au/centres/ibu/adder.html

Toxin Structure and Immunology Neurotoxins of the Common Death Adder, Acanthophis antarcticus and other Australian snakes Main participants: K.L.Sung and KW Broady [L. van der Weyden, P.Hains] Progress to date: The venom of the Common Death Adder is reported in the literature to contain several postsynaptic neurotoxins, but there has been no report of presynaptic neurotoxins which commonly occur in Australian elapid snake venoms. We originally observed the presence of strong phospholipase A2 enzyme activity in Death Adder venom using a sensitive fluorescent assay system and proceeded to isolate and sequence a novel PLA2 neurotoxin (high homology to pseudexin A). The neurotoxin was called acanthoxin. Isoforms of acanthoxin were detected in snakes from different geographical areas and in the related death adder species, A. praelongis and A. pyrrhus . A recent study using LC-MS separation techniques has indicated a much more complex array of PLA2 isoforms present in venom than previously demonstrated. Partial amino acid sequence data reveals a family of structurally related toxins. The genes encoding PLA2 neurotoxins are being isolated and sequenced. The same technology is also being used to investigate neurotoxins from other Australian snakes including sea-snakes. Funding sources: Departmental Publications: L. van der Weyden (1996) BSc (Hons) Thesis, UTS.

98. Wildlife Of Sydney - Snakes, Lizards And Other Reptiles - Reptilia snakes, lizards and other reptiles Reptilia. About 40 species of reptilesare found in the Sydney region including turtles, lizards and snakes. http://wildlife.faunanet.gov.au/group.cfm?Group_ID=37

99. Kosmoi: Snake VHS Videos the Crocodile Hunter, Steve Irwin, as he uncovers Africa's deadliest snakes, rescuinga across the world's most prolific biter, the Puff Adderbefore finally http://kosmoi.com/Life/Animals/Snakes/VHS.shtml

Life Animals Snakes Books ... Posters Snake VHS Videos Nature Agriculture Animals Biology ... The Crocodile Hunter - Africa's Deadliest Snakes Discovery Home Video The Ultimate Guide -Snakes Discovery Home Video Fascinating World of Snakes Tapeworm Cobra-King of Snakes Unapix Ten Deadliest Snakes in the Wo Unapix Baby Snakes:Complete Mpi Media Group Getting Started with Snakes Snakes Uav Corp Pacific Arts Video Snakes in Dreams Tmw / Media Group The Crocodile Hunter - Africa's Deadliest Snakes (2000) , directed by John Stainton Explore the dark continent with the Crocodile Hunter, Steve Irwin, as he uncovers Africa's deadliest snakes, rescuing a killer Egyptian Cobra tormented by herding elephants and giraffes. Then, Steve combs through rocks, gathering four deadly Carpet Vipers and a dozen scorpions. He even comes across the world's most prolific biter, the Puff Adderbefore finally confronting the notorious Black Mamba. Africa is home to 400 snake species, 90 of them venomous. The Ultimate Guide -Snakes Documentary video from Discovery Home Video. Exceptional photography as you follow a snake as it pursues a mouse in its underground burrow or a corn snake as it explores a barn. Getting Started with Snakes , directed by Guerin Goldsmith GCG Productions produces videos designed to aid common and exotic pets by advocating responsible pet ownership, pet ownership as a life long commitment, respect for all animals that share our world, and spaying and/or neutering as a means to end the tragedy of pet overpopulation.

100. Snakes Of Papua New Guinea The Elapidae include the most dangerous of the snakes of PNG, the taipan, the deathadder, the smalleyed snake and finally an animal with near-mythical status http://www.chicagoherp.org/books/papua.html

Chicago Herpetological Society Book Review Title: A Guide to the Snakes of Papua New Guinea Author: Mark O'Shea Softcover. 238 pp., illustrated throughout with line drawings, and over 100 color plates. Independent Publishing Group Pty Ltd., P.O. Box 168, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. Reviewed by: David Blatchford Reprinted from the Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society [32(4):85-86, April 1997] This book, the first comprehensive guide to the snakes of Papua New Guinea (PNG), is a tour-de-force. The 238 pages are literally packed with information, for the most part gathered first-hand by the author. The format makes such use of all available space that margins etc. are reduced to a mere border on each page, a worthy effort of which certain American publishers might take note. The English author has a passion for snakes that has taken him throughout the tropics; he is a former chairman of the International Herpetological Society and council member of the British Herpetological Society and when not traveling the world is the Curator of Reptiles at the West Midlands Safari Park in central England. Mark is also a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, an affiliate of the National Museum of PNG and owner of an oft-times ferocious beard. Without a doubt New Guinea is best known as home to the fantastic birds of paradise, but it has some magnificent reptiles too in its catalogue of almost 300 species! And of this immense list there are 93 species of snake.

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