61. Charter Schools: Publications And Articles charter schools in action What have we learned? Indianapolis, IN HudsonInstitute. Flake, J. (1996). Synchronize your watches to arizona time. http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/timely/bib.htm

Charter Schools: Publications and Articles Pathways Home Page Contents Online Publications A Close Look at Charters A Guide for Developing a Business Plan for Charter Schools A National Study of Charter Schools: Second-Year Report A Sourcebook for Organizers of Charter School Planning Workshops ... Charter Schools ERIC Digest Charter Schools Education Week on the Web Charter Schools 1995: A Survey and Analysis of the Laws and Practices of the States Charter Schools: A Look at Accountability Charter Schools: A Progress Report. Part I: Achievement Part II: The Closures and the Opportunity for Accountability Part III: The Ripple Effect Charter Schools: A Tool for School Reform? ... Charting a Clear Course: A Resource Guide for Charter Schools Contracting with School Management Organizations (requires Adobe Acrobat software) Choice Matters: Policy Alternatives and Implications for Charter Schools Cross-Site Report: The Findings and Implications of Increased Flexibility and Accountability: An Evaluation of Charter Schools in Los Angeles Unified School District Education Department Study Paints Portrait of Charter Schools Ethnic Segregation in Arizona Charter Schools ... Questions on School Choice (articles from Policy Review Race and Charter Schools Review of Charter School Legislation Provisions Related to Students with Disabilities Seizing the Charter Opportunity Solving the Policy Implementation Problem: The Case of Arizona Charter Schools ... Who Is Choosing Charter Schools? A Snapshot of Geography and Ethnicity of Charter School Students

62. Charter Schools Update Report 2, 1994 Today, people are looking to arizona, where the voucher issue is very alive ifnot altogether well. Both charter schools and a pilot voucher program are http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/envrnmnt/go/94-2caaz.htm

NCREL's Policy Briefs Charter Schools Update Report 2, 1994 Pathways home page Contents Previous section ... Next section California and Arizona Updates As mentioned in the original issue of Policy Briefs on Charter Schools , California's general election ballot in November 1993 included a referendum (Proposition 174) that would have allowed parents to use vouchers to pay for private schooling. This referendum was viewed by many as a threat to the future of California's Charter Schools. In California, as in Oregon and Colorado, the voucher referendum was defeated by a margin of at least two to one. Colorado voucher proponents have begun a new campaign on the issue, hoping to put it on the ballot in 1994. Why the referendum in California - which was very popular when first proposed - was so strongly defeated is being discussed widely. If nothing else, it is obvious that if such referendums are to pass, they must appeal to middle-of-the-road as well as conservative voters. California has 45 Charter Schools. The state does not offer start-up monies to get the schools going, so progress in numbers has been slow compared to states where start-up monies are available, such as Massachusetts.

63. Education -- Web Resources -- ASLAPR Law & Research Library Div. Measure Standards (AIMS); arizona State Board for charter schoolsAIMS Results for arizona's charter schools; Education Week State http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/is/gr/education.htm

Collections Frequently Asked Questions Legislative ... Opportunities Education Select one of the following to access a resource or for additional topical detail options or return to the Information Resources Home Page Academic Accountability Afterschool Program Resources (Federal resources) Agencies Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards (AIMS) (Arizona Dept. of Education) Colleges - Phoenix and Tucson - Map (pdf format) (Arizona Dept. of Commerce) Colleges - Rural Arizona - Map (pdf format) (Arizona Dept. of Commerce) Federal Resources for Education Excellence (FREE) Laws and Legislation, Rules and Regulations Policy Issues (National Conference of State Legislatures) Postsecondary Schools in Arizona (Arizona Commission for Postsecondary Education) School Safety Resources (U.S. Dept. of Justice) Report Cards Statistics Student Resources - Federal Universities - Arizona ... Return to the Top TOPICAL DETAIL SECTION This section provides more selection options for the topics listed: Academic Accountability Arizona Academic Standards and Accountability Arizona Dept. of Education: School Report Cards Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards (AIMS) Arizona State Board for Charter Schools: AIMS Results for Arizona's Charter Schools Education Week State Report Cards National Center for Education Statistics National Education Goals Panel: State Report Cards Return to the Top Agencies Arizona Board of Regents Information about Arizona's Public Universities Fact Book Arizona Commission for Postsecondary Education ... Arizona Dept. of Education

64. Article | Arizona Tops In Charter Schools Report Ranks State Alternatives No. 1 The arizona Republic. arizona tops in charter schools Report ranks state alternativesNo. 1 September 20, 2000. Gannett News Service Sept. 20, 2000. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/_az_rep-arizona_tops.htm

Site Navigation Support the Manhattan Institute Scholars' Articles M.I. Issues Rebuilding New York Education Reform Welfare Reform Crime Reduction Faith-Based Initiatives Barriers to Building Social Entrepreneurship Legal Reform Digital Economy Medical Progress Race and Ethnicity Latin American Initiatives Recent and Past M.I. Events Subscribe to City Journal Board of Trustees Staff Directory Links M.I. Book Catalog Internship Opportunities Join email updates Arizona tops in charter schools Report ranks state alternatives No. 1 September 20, 2000 Gannett News Service Sept. 20, 2000 WASHINGTON - Arizona tops the list of an education index put together by a conservative foundation ranking states by factors such as availability of charter schools, ease of home schooling and support offered parents with children in private schools. Arizona, which is running the nation's most ambitious experiment with charter schools, is followed by Minnesota, their birthplace. The Education Freedom Index, produced by the Manhattan Institute, ranks Hawaii last and West Virginia second-to-last. The index may be a sign of how politicized education has become.

65. NEA: Questions And Answers arizona's charter law was modified in 1996 to allow charter schools to take ownershipof the equipment or buildings they had purchased with public funds http://www.nea.org/issues/charter/accnt98.html

For and About Members Help for Parents Press Center Legislative Action Center ... Vouchers Updated: Dec 10, 2002 Charter Schools Research NEA Resources Other Resources April 1998 Charter Schools: A Look at Accountability Accountability in charter schools is a bottom line concern in this new experiment in public schooling. Charter schools receive freedom and autonomy in exchange for improvements in learning and climate. Are charter schools indeed accountable to their constituencies: students, their parents, and the taxpaying public at large? This paper looks at the issue of accountability in three broad categories: student learning; equity concerns, and public accountability. In each category, the goal is to raise points that can, in the long run, lead to the weakening of this experiment. Policymakers owe it to students, their parents, educators and the public to ensure that charter laws and the oversight of charter implementation will lead to strong performance and equitable outcomes for all involved. I. Student Learning II. Equity Concerns III. Public Accountability IV. Resources I. Student Learning Standards Not Clear.

66. NPRI Op Ed: Charter Schools: Not The Ultimate Answer, But They'll Help This loose requirement frees arizona’s charter schools from many encumberingregulations, such as teacher certification, compliance reviews and mandated http://www.npri.org/op_eds/op_ed01/o_e012501.html

January 25, 2001 Charter Schools: Not the Ultimate Answer, But They'll Help By Mary K. Novello, Ed.D. th In Arizona, sponsors can enter into a contract with a public body, private person or private organization. Charter schools can operate as non-profit or for-profit organizations. Under Nevada law, charters may not be granted directly to for-profit organizations. Charters are granted in Nevada for 6 years, with the possibility of renewal after 3 years. Charters in Arizona are for 15 years with reviews at five-year intervals. The Nevada law requires that 75 percent of the teachers in each charter school must be certified by the state. Arizona has no such requirement. Nationwide, one of the biggest problems facing charter schools is money. Some schools have had their charters revoked because of fiscal malfeasance, others have had to close because of starry-eyed mismanagement of funds and still others have struggled valiantly against the rude realities of underfunding. A knottier problem, by far, is the question of raising academic achievement. This is always considered to be one of the goals of charter schools, and the jury is still out regarding their success. And finally, there is the problem which may prove to be insurmountable to charter schools, as it has to nearly every other education reform movement: the intractability of the teacher unions. The Nevada State Education Association at first opposed charter schools, but when it became clear that a charter bill would pass, the union stuffed the legislation with restrictions about collective bargaining and licensing of teachers.

67. Charter School Links arizona charter School Association. arizona Regional Resource Center. California.California Network of Education charters. charter schools Development Center. http://www.aale.org/charters/charterlinks.htm

Charter School Links National Organizations Achieve.org Black Alliance for Educational Options The Brookings Institution, Brown Center on Education Policy Center for Education Reform ... uscharterschools.org State Organizations Arizona Arizona Charter School Association Arizona Regional Resource Center California California Network of Education Charters Charter Schools Development Center Pacific Research Institute Colorado Colorado League of Charter Schools Connecticut Connecticut Charter Schools Network Delaware Delaware Charter Schools Network District of Columbia D.C. Public Charter School Resource Center Friends of Choice in Urban Schools (FOCUS) DC Public Charter School Cooperative Apple Tree Institute for Education Innovation Florida Florida Charter School Resource Center Florida Consortium of Charter Schools Georgia Center for Education Policy Georgia Charter School Association Hawaii Hawaii Association of Charter Schools U of Hawaii Charter School Resource Center Idaho Center for School Improvement, MS 1745 (Boise State University) Illinois Noble Street Charter School Leadership for Quality Education Indiana Charter School Resource Center of Indiana Iowa Color Education with Common Sense Charter Schools Louisiana Association of Professional Educators of Louisiana Maine Maine association for Charter Schools Maryland Maryland Charter School Network The Center for Charter Schools in Frederick County Center for Education Reform (Maryland coordinator) Massachusetts Massachusetts Charter School Resource Center Massachusetts Charter School Association Michigan

68. Education Week - Registration - Access Restricted arizona's charter schools A Survey of Parents ;; Class Size and StudentAchievement Is There a Link? (requires Adobe's Acrobat Reader); and; http://www.edweek.org/ew/ewstory.cfm?slug=28charter.h20

69. Leona Group, LLC -- What People Are Saying It's about time arizona's charter schools also got the respect they deserve. .Bob Schuster Editorial Page Editor The East Valley Tribune, arizona. http://www.leonagroup.com/faces.html

Home Our Background Who Is Leona? Executive Team ... Leona Group Michigan Arizona Offices: The Leona Group, L.L.C. 1313 E Osborn Rd Suite 100 Phoenix, Arizona 85014 Tel. 602-953-2933 Fax 602-953-0831 Michigan Offices: The Leona Group Michigan, L.L.C. 4660 S. Hagadorn Rd., Suite 500 East Lansing, MI 48823 Tel. 517.333.9030 Fax 517.333.4559 All Rights Reserved 2002 WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING "The Leona Group's key to successfully reaching at-risk kids...is 'respect'something most students felt they didn't get in traditional public school. It's about time Arizona's charter schools also got the respect they deserve." Bob Schuster Editorial Page Editor The East Valley Tribune, Arizona "Roderick Atkins finds gratification, both professionally and personally, as school leader of Voyager Academy in Detroit...He is a local activist for education, exemplifying integrity, high standards and leadership qualities for students. He supports and encourages every young Detroiter to achieve academic success...The City of Detroit hereby recognizes the achievements of Roderick Atkins. He is a true role model and community leader. We thank him for his contributions to Detroit's greatest assetour youth." A "Spirit of Detroit" Proclamation

70. Expanding Charter School Movement charter schools continued to be concentrated in a small number of states 50 percentof charter schools were located in arizona, California, Michigan, and Texas http://www.ed.gov/pubs/charter4thyear/a.html

The State of Charter Schools 2000 - Fourth-Year Report, January 2000 The Expanding Charter School Movement State Charter Legislation Newly Created and Pre-existing Charter Schools The Expanding Charter School Movement Charter schools have spread rapidly across the country since the first two charter schools opened in 1992. The number of states with charter legislation continues to rise, as does the number of charter schools. State laws differ, but all grant charter schools some degree of autonomy over their educational programs and operations in exchange for greater accountability for student outcomes. As of September 1999, 36 states and the District of Columbia had passed charter legislation and charter schools were in operation in 32 states. Three statesNew York, Oklahoma, and Oregonenacted charter legislation in the 1998-99 legislative session. As of September 1999, more than 1,400 charter schools were in operation. Counting "branch schools" in Arizona, in which similar instructional programs are operated at several school sites under one charter, there were more than 1,600 charter school sites in operation. Continuing the trend, the largest yearly increase in the number of charter schools came in the most recent year, with 421 new schools opened as of September, 1999. This growth in the number of charter schools was

71. AFT: AFT On The Issues: Charter Schools charter schools provide more accountability and efficiency than traditional publicschools, recent studies of charter schools in arizona, California, Michigan http://www.aft.org/issues/charterschools.html

AFT Home AFT On The Issues AFT Africa-Aids Campaign Mandatory Overtime for Nurses Charter Schools Child Labor Class Size Distance Learning ESEA ... Whistleblower Protections Charter Schools Charter schools are supposed to allow parents and teachers to develop publicly funded schools with the flexibility to be innovative and free of rules and regulations that stifle creativity. The charter school movement has grown from one school in Minnesota in 1992 to about 1,100 charter schools across the country today. Currently, 36 states and the District of Columbia have legislation authorizing the creation of charter schools. The notion of what constitutes a charter school continues to evolve. The original idea for charter schools envisioned a group of teachers, perhaps with the help of parents, developing a plan for a school and applying for a charter from the local school board. Charter schools might have a specific academic focus (e.g., math and science or the arts) or employ specific teaching techniques or target a specific group of students (e.g., at-risk). These charter schools would operate as part of the local public school district, supported by public education funds. However, many charter schools depart from this original vision. If the goal is improved student achievement, students in some charter schools are not faring very well. Studies of charter schools in Texas and Arizona show that there has been no evidence of improved student performance among charter school students. A 1998 UCLA study of California charter schools found that charter schools rarely had clearly defined goals or standards and none was "doing more with less" money. In addition, the charter schools exerted considerable control over the types of students they serve. Unlike other public schools, they’re not taking all comers. In Michigan, researchers found that because of weak monitoring efforts, poorly performing charter schools are not likely to be closed.

72. Education World® - K12 Schools : Primary : Charter : North America : USA : Gene arizona charter School Association Browse the association's mission,agenda, schedule of upcoming events and list of member schools. http://db.education-world.com/perl/browse?cat_id=4459

73. Policy Brief: Charter Schools 12, 13 In arizona, charter schools claimed both the highest and thelowest scores on the state's Stanford 9 Achievement Test. Student http://www.ael.org/rel/policy/charter.htm

Regional Legislative Database Publications ... Information The following Policy Brief is available in PDF format . To access this file, you need Acrobat Reader. Download a free version here. http://www.adobe.com/product s/acrobat/readstep.html Charter Schools: The Perspective from AEL's Region Minnesota passed the first charter school legislation in 1991. Seven years later, about three-fifths of the states had followed suit. In 1999, President Clinton announced federal aid to 32 states that had applied for charter school funds. Existing programs were granted a total of $54 million dollars, and $41 million dollars was earmarked for start up grants for the express purpose of increasing the number of charter schools from the more than 1,700 that currently exist to 3,000 by the year 2001. Policymakers in AEL's region (Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia) have approached legislation more cautiously. This issue of Policy Briefs provides an overview of charter school legislation, looks at concerns specific to AEL's region, and reports on the status of charter school legislation in four states. What are charter schools?

74. 00-03-28 Western Region Charter Schools Conference Of the other participating states, arizona has 357 charter schools since its lawtook effect in 1995; California has 288 since 1992; Colorado has 69 since 1993 http://www.sde.state.id.us/webdocs/Administration/News_Releases/910~01-03_March/

March 28, 2000 Educators from eight states gather to discuss charter schools Lessons learned in overseeing charter schools and evaluating the schools’ effectiveness are just two of the topics educators from eight western states will discuss at a conference this week in Boise. Charter school experts from state departments of education in Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming are expected to attend a three-day Western Region Charter Schools Conference. The conference is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education and hosted by the Idaho State Department of Education. "This meeting provides us an opportunity to share what’s happening in each of our states," said Carolyn Mauer, Charter Schools Coordinator for Idaho State Department of Education. "We in Idaho also will be able to learn a lot from the experience of states, such as Arizona, that have had charter schools in place for several years." Some topics the group will discuss include enrollment, tracking federal funding, state oversight of charter schools, and evaluating effectiveness. Since the Idaho’s law took effect in July 1998, eight charter schools have opened in the state. Schools are located in Boise, Nampa, Meridian, Moscow (2 schools), Pocatello, Arco, and Coeur d’Alene.

75. Keeping Students Is Uphill Battle For Charter Schools My hunch is that those figures will be changing, said Onnie Shekerjian,vice president of the arizona State charter Board for charter schools. http://www.arizonarepublic.com/arizona/articles/0724charter0724.html

76. ERIC Digest 118 - Charter Schools 1997). Bostonbased Advantage schools Inc. has contracted to run charterschools in New Jersey, arizona, and North Carolina. The http://eric.uoregon.edu/publications/digests/digest118.html

Clearinghouse on Educational Management Previous (Digest 117) PDF Version Next (Digest 119) ERIC Digest 118 - February 1998 Charter Schools By Margaret Hadderman In seven short years, the U.S. charter-school movement has produced about 800 schools in 29 states and the District of Columbia, enrolling over 100,000 students. Charter schools reflect their founders' varied philosophies, programs, and organizational structures, serve diverse student populations, and are committed to improving public education. Charter schools are freed of many restrictive rules and regulations. In return, these schools are expected to achieve educational outcomes within a certain period (usually three to five years) or have their charters revoked by sponsors (a local school board, state education agency, or university). What Explains Charter Schools' Growing Popularity? Some members of the public are dissatisfied with educational quality and school district bureaucracies (Jenkins and Dow 1996). Today's charter-school initiatives are rooted in the educational reforms of the 1980s and 1990s, from state mandates to improve instruction, to school-based management, school restructuring, and private/public-choice initiatives. Many people, President Clinton among them, see charter schools, with their emphasis on autonomy and accountability, as a workable political compromise and an alternative to vouchers. The charter approach uses market principles while insisting that schools be nonsectarian and democratic. For founders, starting a brand-new school is an exhausting, yet exhilarating experience that "stirs the creative and adaptive juices of everyone involved" (Ray Budde 1996).

77. ED425896 1999-01-00 Charter Schools: An Approach For Rural Education? ERIC Diges Half were in three states arizona, California, and Michigan. While the number ofcharter schools has increased rapidly since 1991, these schools represented http://www.ericfacility.net/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed425896.html

ERIC Identifier: Publication Date: Author: Collins, Timothy Source: ERIC Clearinghouse on Rural Education and Small Schools Charleston WV. Charter Schools: An Approach for Rural Education? ERIC Digest. THIS DIGEST WAS CREATED BY ERIC, THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER. FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT ERIC, CONTACT ACCESS ERIC 1-800-LET-ERIC Charter schools have emerged in the 1990s as a prominent and controversial school reform idea. This Digest describes characteristics of charter schools, outlines some tentative research findings, discusses advantages and shortcomings, and summarizes challenges rural communities might face in starting such a school. WHAT WE HAVE LEARNED ABOUT CHARTER SCHOOLS In some ways, charter schools are traditional and tap historic rural roots of public education. They give parents, students, and educators public school alternatives based on the idea that competition will bring educational innovations (Thomas, 1996). But there is potential for controversy, especially in poor rural communities with limited financial and educational resources to support additional schools. Since Minnesota passed the first charter school law in 1991, 32 other states and the District of Columbia have passed similar legislation (Hirsch, 1998). The Center for Education Reform (1998) estimated 1,129 charter schools existed nationwide in September 1998. Most schools were in the South and West. Half were in three states: Arizona, California, and Michigan. Almost another quarter were in four other states: Colorado, Florida, North Carolina, and Texas. While the number of charter schools has increased rapidly since 1991, these schools represented only about 0.5% of public school students in charter states during the 1996-1997 school year (RPP International, 1998). It is unclear how many were in rural areas.

78. More On Charter Schools (Full Text) a FirstYear Look at California's charter schools. Los Alamitos, CA Southwest RegionalLaboratory. Learning from California's experience, arizona decided to http://www.wested.org/policy/pubs/full_text/pb_ft_more.htm

More on Charter Schools Kyo Yamashiro and Lisa Carlos, 1995 Table of Contents: Introduction What constitutes a charter school? What do supporters of charter schools argue? What do opponents of charter schools argue? ... State Charter School Contacts Introduction: The charter school movement is one of the fastest growing education reforms of the Nineties. In 1992, only two states, California and Minnesota, had passed charter school legislation. By the end of 1995, 19 states had charter school laws in place and at least 16 others had considered similar legislation. At the federal level, Congress passed legislation in 1994 authorizing grants to support states' charter school efforts. Despite such popular interest, fewer than 250 charter schools are currently operating nationwide. Whether this small but growing number of schools will lead to greater innovation and influence the systemwide transformation of public education remains to be seen. Below is a summary of the issues surrounding charter schools and the implications of recent research about the future of this movement. What constitutes a charter school?

79. LIBRARY LOCATIONS AND HOURS charter School Information Access arizona charter school profiles and report cards,arizona charter school laws and much more. *US charter schools Developed to http://www.ci.phoenix.az.us/LIBRARY/charter.html

Search Phone Search Keywords Calendar Maps Access to Other agencies The following links will take you to sites over which the city of Phoenix has no control. The city assumes no responsibility for the content of the material contained at those sites or for the accuracy of any information that is found there. The contents of any site or link not maintained by the city does not necessarily reflect the opinions, standards or policies of the city of Phoenix, its officials, agents or employees. If you are using a Phoenix At Your Fingertips public workstation, you may return by placing the cursor on the icon at the top of the screen and clicking. Arizona Department of Education/Charter School Information Access Arizona charter school profiles and report cards, Arizona charter school laws and much more. US Charter Schools Developed to support the sharing of practical information and innovations amoung those involved with charter schools, this site lists profiles of charter schools in each of the states that have signed charter legislation, as well as information on starting and running a charter school. Back Contact Us Privacy Policy Last Modified on 03/06/2003 10:10:23

80. Reason Magazine -- April 1998 Reports the result of the liberal arizona charter school laws and the effect of competition on 'public' school systems in the state. http://www.reason.com/9804/fe.glassman.html

R EASON * April 1998 Class Acts How charter schools are revamping public education in Arizonaand beyond. James K. Glassman Three years ago, Arizona passed a law that allows almost any reasonably serious person to start a school and receive a little more than $4,000 in state funds for every student enrolled. Such "charter schools," as they're called, are public schools that operate with more autonomy than conventional onesa vague definition, perhaps, but the best one available. Twenty-nine states and the District of Columbia have laws permitting them. In the short time they've been around in Arizona, charters have attracted more than 25,000 students, or roughly 3 percent of the state's public school population, and the number is still rising by 10,000 annually. Arizona, with one-fiftieth of the nation's population, has about one-third of its 780 charter schools. Arizona has twice as many charters as California, which has eight times as many children under age 18. Over the past year, I've visited Arizona three times to see how well its charter schools are working. I especially wanted to find out whether charters were providing competition to traditional public schools and whether, in response, those public schools were trying to improve. I am not an expert on educationfar from itbut I write about business and economics, and I've long suspected that one reason public schools fail is that, as government-protected near-monopolies, they lack the feedback mechanisms built into market systems. As a result, they can't get the sort of information that would help them do a better job. Ultimately, they're operated more for the benefit of administrators and teachers than for parents and studentsfor producers rather than consumers. When charter schools started pulling some of those consumers away from traditional public schools, my hypothesis went, the latter would have no choice but to get better in order to lure the kids back.

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