41. Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules And Ions Chapter 2 atoms, molecules and ions. 8/9/01. Click here to start. Tableof Contents. Chapter 2 atoms, molecules and ions. 2.1 Atomic Theory. http://www.public.asu.edu/~jpbirk/CHM-113_BLB/Chpt02/

Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules and Ions Click here to start Table of Contents Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules and Ions 2.1 Atomic Theory Dalton’s Atomic Theory Dalton’s Atomic Theory ... Nomenclature Author: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Email: JBirk@asu.edu Home Page: http://www.public.asu.edu/~jpbirk

42. Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules And Ions Chapter 2 atoms, molecules and ions. Examine these photos How can we classifythese substances? What are their distinguishing characteristics? http://www.public.asu.edu/~jpbirk/CHM-113_BLB/Chpt02/tsld001.htm

Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules and Ions Examine these photos: How can we classify these substances? What are their distinguishing characteristics? Can we classify them simply on the basis of appearance? Next slide Back to first slide View graphic version

43. Atoms Ions share electrons, covalent bonds are formed between the atoms; a molecule is produced.We'll consider chemical bonds and molecules in the next exercise. ions. http://campus.northpark.edu/biology/cell/atoms-ions.html

Atoms, Ions, and Isotopes All of the tangible, physical stuff of the world is made up of matter. Matter, by definition, is anything that occupies space and has mass. The smallest discrete unit of matter that retains unique chemical properties is the atom . Molecules are formed when atoms are joined by chemical bonds. Three states of matter are described on the basis of the arrangement and the freedom of movement of atoms and molecules. Solids are composed of closely packed molecules. Solids, like wood or ice, hold both their shape and their volume. Liquids are composed of less closely packed molecules that have greater freedom of movement. Liquids, such as water, will hold their volume, but not their shape. [This means, simply, that you can pour liquids into any shape container, and the liquid will 'fit' the shape of the container. ] Gases , like air, are made up of molecules that are widely spaced and quite free to move about. Gases are not constrained to hold either their shape or their volume. The volume of a known number of gas molecules can expand or contract depending on conditions such as pressure and temperature. Many substances can be converted from one state of matter to another. Water, for example, can exist as a liquid, as a solid [ice], and as a gas [water vapor]. Atoms are extraordinarily small. A typical atom has a diameter of only .005 u, far to small to be seen even under the microscope. Each atom is made up of

44. MPS/MTP Science Links: Chemistry Links : Atoms Molecules Ions Top Chemistry Links atoms molecules ions. MPS/MTP ScienceLinks Chemistry Links atoms molecules ions. http://www.uwm.edu/~caberg/linksdb/Chemistry_Links/Atoms_Molecules_Ions/

Top Chemistry Links : Atoms Molecules Ions MPS/MTP Science Links: Chemistry Links : Atoms Molecules Ions Home Add a Resource Modify a Resource What's New ... Search Links: Atoms and Ions tutorial - Great tutorial on atoms and ions. Many useful links included. Very nice page. (Added: 24-Mar-2000 Hits: 89 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It ChemMovies - Several multimedia clips available. Rated "very cool". Requires a FREE QuickTime plugin. (Added: 4-Apr-2000 Hits: 38 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Common Monotomic Cations and Anions Game - Games to help you relate symbols of ions to thier written names. (Added: 22-Mar-2000 Hits: 47 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Common Names for Common Chemicals - Match the common name to the scientific name of common chemicals. (Added: 22-Mar-2000 Hits: 38 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Common Polyatomic Ion Games - Matching, concentration, clash card type games to relate polyatomic ion formulas and their names written out. (Added: 22-Mar-2000 Hits: 46 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Common Type II Cation Game - Matching, word search, flashcards and concentration games to help in naming common type II cations. (Added: 22-Mar-2000 Hits: 22 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Diatomic Molecule Game - Matching, flashcards, and concentration type games to help learn diatomic molecules.

45. Chem 101 (SEAS) Problem Set 1 (Atoms, Molecules And Ions) Chem 101 (SEAS) Problem Set 1 atoms, molecules and ions. Reading ZumdahlChapter 2 3. Problems complete by first recitation section http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~chem101/homework1.html

Chem 101 (SEAS) Problem Set 1 Atoms, Molecules and Ions. Reading Problems complete by first recitation section.: Reminder problem numbers correspond to 4th edition of Zumdahl (they are different in the 3rd edition) Chapter 2: 23, 26, 29, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 42. These are only representative problems, the others are good too ! Key terms and concepts from Zumdahl, Chapter 2 Terms: Most of these are basic terms which you should be familiar with from previous courses in chemistry. Most are explained in the text, and may or may not be covered explicitly in lecture. analysis proton synthesis neutron heterogeneous electron homogeneous molecule substance cation elements anion compound polyatomic ions nonstoichiometric compound periodic table binary compound groups relative atomic mass periods relative molecular mass alkali metals atomic number alkaline earth metals mass number halogens isotope noble gases Theories, Laws, and Concepts:

46. Learnchem.net: Glossary : K-L Lattice, a threedimensional system of points designating the positions ofthe centers of the components of a solid (atoms, ions, or molecules). http://www.learnchem.net/glossary/k.shtml

Main News About Us Contact Us Search Site ... Links Tutorials Index Submit Tutorial Request Tutorial Organic Chemistry Index Important Tables Reactions Practice Tests Index Submit Practice Tests Request Practice Tests Online Quizzes Index Chemistry Olympiad Test Questions Submit Quizzes Request Quizzes Reference Tools Constants Formulas Glossary Periodic Table ... Thermodynamic Data Glossary: Kelvin Temperature Scale An absolute temperature scale with K at absolute zero and 273 K at the freezing point of water Kinetic Energy The energy of a mass resulting from its motion An object of mass m moving with a velocity v has kinetic energy / mv Kinetic molecular theory a model that assumes that an ideal gas is composed of tiny particles (molecules) in constant motion Lanthanides a group of fourteen elements following lanthanurn in the periodic table, in which the 4f orbitals are being filled Lanthanide Contraction The gradual decrease in atomic size of the inner transition elements following lanthanum in the periodic table f block Latent Image The invisible pattern formed on a photographic film by exposure to light Lattice a three-dimensional system of points designating the positions of the centers of the components of a solid (atoms, ions, or molecules)

47. The Netherhall School: Physics Department, Notes, The Structure Of Solid Materia Physics Notes Back Index The Structure of Solid Materials, Introduction.All materials are composed of groups of atoms, ions and molecules. http://www.netherhall.cambs.sch.uk/EXTRANET/depts/home/physics/notes/solids.html

Physics Notes Back Index The Structure of Solid Materials Introduction All materials are composed of groups of atoms, ions and molecules. The arrangement of these particles is of great importance in understanding the varying beahviours of different materials. The arrangement of atoms in most metals, such as copper, is quite simple, whilst wood, concrete and DNA have extremely complicated structures. There have been numerous attempts to measure the size of these particles; in 1899, Lord Rayleigh measured the maximum size of an oil molecule by pouring a thin layer of oil onto water and, more recently, physisists have been able to acurately measure the sizes of atoms using equipment such as the electron microscope. Forces Between Atoms and Molecules The bonding between atoms to form molecules is caused by the electrical attraction between them. There are also electrical forces between molecules, varying as the distance between the molecules vary. For instance, in an uncompressed gas, the average distance between molecules is about 10 molecular diameters and the forces between them are negligible. In solid materials however, the molecules are much closer together and changes in forces applied to the material will cause the forces between the molecules to vary. Experiments suggest that atoms and molecules have strong repulsive forces when they are close together (eg. under compression) and attractive forces when further apart (eg. in tension).

48. Chem 102, Exam I, Spring 1998, Turner True False In Questions 5 through 9, identify each of the following as consistingprincipally of molecules, ions, or atoms. molecules atoms ions 6. Carbon http://colossus.chem.umass.edu/genchem/chem102/Old_Exams/102sp98ete1.htm

Spring 1998 Exam I Prof. Everett Turner To take exam, hit reload and then the button below. The scoring is for your own records and is not recorded. JavaScript is disabled The elements that have 2 electrons in their outermost quantum shell are: K and Cl P and As He and Ne Be and Sr He and H The element that does not belong in the following group is: He Rn I Ne Kr When N (VA) combines with H (IA), the formula of the covalent molecule formed is: NH N H N H H N NH The nuclei of all atoms have at least one neutron present. True False In Questions 5 through 9, identify each of the following as consisting principally of molecules, ions, or atoms. Water: molecules atoms ions Carbon: molecules atoms ions Sodium chloride: molecules atoms ions Sugar (sucrose): molecules atoms ions Potassium: molecules atoms ions The species H and H can be described by this term. nucleus element isotope(s) quantum shells mass number This term refers to the description of the electrons outside of the nucleus of an atom. nucleus element isotope(s) quantum shells mass numbe The location of the protons and the neutrons in an atom.

49. Ions Are Charged Atoms Or Molecules That Have Gained Or Lost One Or More Electro The Bioactive Site Copyright © 19952000. http://www.rickhershberger.com/bioactivesite/molecules/matter/sld006.htm

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50. Ions Are Charged Atoms Or Molecules That Have Gained Or Lost One Or More Electro ions Are Charged atoms or molecules That Have Gained or Lost One orMore Electrons. Anion (). an atom or molecule that has gained http://www.rickhershberger.com/bioactivesite/molecules/matter/tsld006.htm

Ions Are Charged Atoms or Molecules That Have Gained or Lost One or More Electrons. Anion (-) an atom or molecule that has gained an electron has one excess negative charge Cation (+) an atom or molecule that has lost an electron has one excess positive charge Previous slide Next slide Back to first slide View graphic version

51. Chapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules, And Ions Chapter 2 atoms, molecules, and ions. Early Chemical History. earlyGreek – earth, air, fire and water; Democritus and Leucippos http://bradley.bradley.edu/~campbell/lectnotes/161ch2/tsld001.htm

Chapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Early Chemical History early Greek – earth, air, fire and water Democritus and Leucippos – atoms- small indivisible particles Dalton’s Atomic Theory (1808) each element is made of tiny particles called atoms atoms of same elements are identical; atoms of different elements are not compounds formed by combined atoms compounds have same atomic combo chemical reactions involve reorganizations of atoms assigned atomic masses (weights) water is H2O, but he is assumed OH (simplest ratio) Next slide Back to first slide View graphic version

52. Chapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules, And Ions Slide 1 of 12. http://bradley.bradley.edu/~campbell/lectnotes/161ch2/sld001.htm

53. Botany Online: Ions And Small Molecules - Sugars - Carbohydrates - Monosaccharid Sugars contain usually one or more asymmetric Catom, ie carbon atomsthat carry four different substitutes. Such atoms are optically http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/e16/16g.htm

Sugars - Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides Depending on how many monomer subunits are present in a sugar, it belongs to the monosaccharides, the disaccharides , the oligosaccharides or the polysaccharides . Sugars contain usually one or more asymmetric C-atom , i.e. carbon atoms that carry four different substitutes. Such atoms are optically active: they shift the plane of polarized light. Sugars with more than one asymmetric carbon atom have 2 n stereo-isomers (n is the number of asymmetric C-atoms). Sugars belong to the carbohydrates with the collective formula C n (H O n ) = (C + H O) n They consist thus, in a strictly formal sense, of carbon and water. It is distinguished between monosaccharides oligosaccharides and polysaccharides , where several or many monosaccharide subunits are connected forming long linear or branched chains. Simple sugars are a product of the oxidation of multivalent alcohols that contain either an aldehyde or a ketogroup. It is therefore distinguished between aldoses (aldehyde sugars) and ketoses (ketosugars).

54. Muscular Molecules The hoops contain units that stick to charged metal atoms (ions). The linear 'pole'portion of the molecules also contains two of these units one, in the 'neck http://www.nature.com/nsu/000921/000921-9.html

updated at midnight GMT search nature science update advanced search Muscular molecules Making muscle is easy, Philip Ball reports. All it takes is a molecular needle and thread. 20 September 2000 PHILIP BALL Engineers dreaming of making machines as small as molecules will be heartened by a report in the journal Angewandte Chemie of a 'molecular muscle': an assembly of two molecules capable of stretching and contracting when prompted by chemical signals. Synthetic materials that respond to some stimulus by growing or shrinking are well known 'piezoelectric' materials, for instance, change shape when stimulated by electric fields. But commonly this behaviour relies on the combined action of many billions of atoms or molecules. It is harder to make individual molecules show muscle-like behaviour those that do exist are typically chain-like polymers that grow or shrink like springs. When our muscles contract, no molecules get shorter. Muscle cells are long, thin tubes divided into segments, each containing filamentary molecules called actin and myosin. The two molecules interpenetrate each other like two toothbrush heads pushed together bristle to bristle. To contract muscle, the tips of the myosin filaments stick to the actin strands and pull themselves along like inchworms, making the 'bristles' interpenetrate more deeply. Sauvage's team has devised twinned strands that can jump along one another to increase or decrease their combined length. This makes them like an actin and myosin pair except that these two molecules are identical. And they are cleverly held together: each molecule ends in a loop through which the tail of the other is threaded.

55. Atoms, Molecules & Ions http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/115exams/atmolin2.html

56. Ch109_Lec_5 February Notice that atomic masses have two meanings At the microscopic scale (atoms,ions and molecules) it is the mass in amu's of a single atom etc. http://www.humboldt.edu/~rap1/C109.S01/C109Notes.S01/C109n05feb.htm

Humboldt State University Department of Chemistry Richard A. Paselk Chem 109 General Chemistry Spring 2001 Lecture Notes:: 5 February PREVIOUS NEXT Isotopes, cont. Determination of Atomic Mass: We want to be able to figure out the atomic mass of a sample with a particular isotopic composition. Example: Cu occurs as an isotopic mixture of 69.09% Cu (mass = 62.93 amu) and 30.91% Cu (64.93 amu). What is the atomic mass of copper in this sample? Assume the sample consists of 100 atoms for convenience, then (69.09 atoms)(62.93 amu/atom) + (30.91 atoms)(64.93 amu/atoms) = 4347.8 amu + 2007.0 amu = 6355.8 amu for 100 atoms = 63. 558 amu/atom How about sig figs? 100 is a count, therefore exact. The two multiplications each have 4 sig figs so the calculations each have 4 sig figs (note I keep one extra, that is 5 sig figs, in the calculations to avoid rounding errors.) . For the addition we use the add/subt. rule and look at decimal place, for our four sig figs the one's place is then the sig fig (again, during calculation its best to keep one extra sig fig to avoid rounding errors). The final answer then has 4 sig figs: 63. 56 amu/atom

57. Atoms, Molecules And Ions Translate this page Capítulo III. Teoría atómica, propiedades periódicas, moléculas, ionesy nomenclatura. Introducción 3. La teoría atómica de la materia 4. http://eros.pquim.unam.mx/~moreno/Cap03_a.htm

58. CHAPTER 2: ATOMS, MOLECULES AND IONS CHAPTER 2 atoms, molecules AND ions. DALTON's ATOMIC THEORY. matter (element)is composed of indivisible and indestructible particles termed atoms. http://arts-sciences.cua.edu/chem/GBREWER/CHAP2.html

CHAPTER 2: ATOMS, MOLECULES AND IONS DALTON's ATOMIC THEORY -matter (element) is composed of indivisible and indestructible particles termed atoms -all atoms of the same element are identical. atoms of different elements are different including different masses -compounds are formed by the joining of two or more atoms of different elements. A cpd. always has the same relative number and types of atoms (Law of Constant Composition) -in a chem. Rx. atoms are rearranged but are not created or destroyed (Law of Conservation of Mass) Summary of early experiments (Thompson, Rutherford, Millikan) on Atomic Structure Radioactivity-the spontaneous emission of particles and energy from atomic nuclei NUCLEAR ATOM -atom is divisible, discovery of negative particle termed electron ( rays) -for atom to be neutral there must be positive particle, proton -most of mass and all of positive charge is in small region termed nucleus -A neutral particle, neutron, must exist to hold nucleus together particle amu charge electron .0005485 -1 proton 1.007 276 +1

59. CH1010 Stream 4 Assignments Valence and core electron in an atom/ion. Write Lewis structures of atoms,ions, covalent molecules. Concept of resonance and hybrid structures. http://www.wpi.edu/ Chemistry/Courses/CH1010/Stream4/assignments.html

60. Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules And Ions 5Feb-03 Chapter 2 atoms, molecules and ions http://pls.atu.edu/physci/chemistry/people/anwar/chapter2.html

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