41. Earth Transformed indigenous ideologies continue to promote notions of distinctive identity. in C™ted'Ivoire among Senufo peoples. Soninke garankew and bamanaMalinke jeliw http://bailiwick.lib.uiowa.edu/african-ceramic-arts/essays/cooksey_jula/cooksey_

42. Bibliot'EthnoNe - Catalogages Octobre 2002 and champion farmers negotiating meaning and identity through the bamana ciwaracomplex (IT studies in indigenous knowledge and (The peoples of Europe). http://www.unine.ch/ethno/nouvac/na02_10.html

Institut d'ethnologie Liste des nouvelles acquisitions, octobre 2002 cotes Af AfE AfN ... Ethnomusicologie Af African Berry , Sara S. - Debating the land question in Africa / Sara Berry. - In: Comparative studies in society and history. - Cambridge. - 2002, vol. 44, nr. 4, p. 638-668 Cooper , Frederick. - Africa since 1940 : the past and the present / Frederick Cooper. - Cambridge [etc.] : Cambridge University Press, cop. 2002. - XIII, 216 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. - (New approaches to African history). - ISBN 0-521-77241-9 (hardback). ISBN 0-521-77600-7 (paperback). ISBN 0-521-53307-4 (African edition) Cousins , Don. - Medicinal properties in the diet of gorillas : an ethno-pharmacological evalutation / Don Cousins, Michael A. Huffman. - In: African study monographs. - Kyoto. - 2002, vol. 23, nr. 2, p. 65-89 Germain Kimberlin , Cynthia Tse. - What am I to be ? : female, male, neuter, invisible... : gender roles and ethnomusicological field work in Africa / Cynthia Tse Kimberlin. - In: The world of music. - Wilhelmshaven. - 1991, vol. 33, no 3, p. 14-34 Ethno: ETHNOMUSICOL * cote: NET MP 10/33-2 Kinabo , Joyce. - Nutrition in Africa in a global economy : perspectives challenges and opportunities / Joyce Kinabo. - In: African study monographs. - Kyoto. - 2001, vol. 22, nr. 3, p. 103-122

43. Bibliot'EthnoNe - Catalogages Septembre 2002 dans le désir d'enfants chez les Minyanka bamana du Mali indigenous popular musicin North America continuations and innovations / Max (The peoples of Asia http://www.unine.ch/ethno/nouvac/na02_09.html

Institut d'ethnologie Liste des nouvelles acquisitions, septembre 2002 cotes Af AfE AfN ... Ethnomusicologie Af African works. - Cambridge : Peabody Museum of archaeology and ethnology, 2001. - 241 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. - (Res : anthropology and aesthetics ; 39). - ISBN 0-87365-836-1 Arowolo Blier , Suzanne Preston. - Autobiography and art history : the imperative of peripheral vision / Suzanne Preston Blier. - In: Res : Anthropology and aesthetics. - New York. - 2001, no 39, p. 26-40 AfE Dounias Gabbert , Wolfgang. - Social and cultural conditions of religious conversion in colonial southwest Tanzania, 1891-1939 / Wolfgang Gabbert. - In: Ethnology. - Pittsburgh. - 2001, vol. 40, no 4, p. 291-308 Rekdal AfN Burke , Ariane. - Butchery of a sheep in rural Tunisia (north Africa) : repercussions for the archaeological study of patterns of bone disposal / Ariane Burke. - In: Anthropozoologica. - Paris. - 32(2000), p. 3-9 Garrigues-Cresswell Kosansky , Oren. - Tourism, charity, and profit : the movement of money in Moroccan Jewish pilgrimage / Oren Kosansky. - In: Cultural anthropology : journal of the Society for Cultural Anthropology. - Arlington. - 2002, vol. 17, nr. 3, p. 359-400 AfO Zitelmann , Thomas. - Anthropology and empire in post-Italian Ethiopia : Makonnen Desta and the imagination of an Ethiopian "we-race" / Thomas Zitelmann. - In: Paideuma. - Frankfurt a. M. - 2001, 47, p. 161-179

44. WOMEN AND SOCIETY: An Encyclopaedic Internet Dictionary Of Ideas, Concepts, Theo Thesis (LLM)UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH africa (SOUTH africa), 1987 Life, Justice and LibertyInsights for Development (Honduras, indigenous peoples, Carlos Roberto http://www.womenandsociety.buffalo.edu/bibliog/dissert/t-z.htm

RETURN TO Ph.D. THESES: AUTHORS: A-Z RETURN TO MAIN PAGE Ph.D. THESES Authors: T-Z Tabakin, G.A. Feminist Theory and the Development of Curriculum for Use in Schools [Thesis (PH.D.)THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON, 1983, 364p.] Taddeo, J.A. The Last "Eminent Victorian": Lytton Strachey and the Myth of the Modernist Rebellion (Bloomsbury Group) [Thesis (PH.D.)THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER, 1996, 365p.] Tadjbakhsh, S. The a-Soviet Woman of the Muslim East and Nativization in Tajikistan, 1989-1992 (Soviet Union) [Thesis (PH.D.)COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, 1994, 401p.] Tait, D.A. From Confidence to Confusion in Moral Teaching: Episcopalians, Pluralism and Gender, 1892-1997 [Thesis (PH.D.)OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY, 1999, 462p.] Taj, K. A Comparative Study of the Attitudes of Married Women and College Students toward Family Planning in a Selected Community of Hyderabad West Pakistan [Thesis (PH.D.)SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY AT CARBONDALE, 1969, 117p.] Talbot, M.M. Language, Intertextuality and Subjectivity: Voices and the Construction of Consumer Femininity (Femininity) [Thesis (PH.D.)UNIVERSITY OF LANCASTER (UNITED KINGDOM), 1990, 338p.]

45. Country Reports SYD, MUP, and MPP; evangelical ARBOL; indigenous - MRTK-L LK ADVANI, AB VAJPAYEE;Bihar peoples Party Anand of Alternative for the Renewal of africa or BARA http://www.classbrain.com/cb_cr/fields/political_parties_leaders.html

Home 1st - 3rd Grade State Reports Country Reports Mission Reports Freedom Files Kids Freedom Files Movies in the Classroom Games Monthy Grab Bag Teens ClassBrain Store Corporate Information Political parties and leaders (Country profile category: Government) Afghanistan: Albania: Algeria: note: the government established a multiparty system in September 1989 and, as of 31 December 1990, over 50 legal parties existed; a new party law was enacted in March 1997 American Samoa: Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA] Andorra: Liberal Party of Andorra (Partit Liberal d'Andorra) or PLA [Marc FORNE]; Liberal Union or UL [Francesc CERQUEDA]; National Democratic Group or AND [Ladislau BARO SOLA]; National Democratic Initiative or IDN [Vincenc MATEU ZAMORA]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU CASSANY]; Unio Parroquial d'Ordino or UPO [Simo DURO COMA] note: there are two other small parties Angola: Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Analia de Victoria PEREIRA]; National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [disputed leadership: Lucas NGONDA, Holden ROBERTO]; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Jonas SAVIMBI], largest opposition party engaged in years of armed resistance before joining the current unity government in April 1997; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] ruling party in power since 1975; Social Renewal Party or PRS [disputed leadership: Eduardo KUANGANA, Antonio MUACHICUNGO]

46. Political Parties And Leaders. The World Factbook. 2001 Force or NFR leader NA; Pachacuti indigenous Movement Filipe Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO,the Botswana peoples Party, the for the Renewal of africa or BARA http://www.bartleby.com/151/a54.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference World Factbook PREVIOUS NEXT ... MAP INDEX The World Factbook. Political parties and leaders Afghanistan Taliban (Religious Students Movement) [Mullah Mohammad OMAR]; United National Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan or UNIFSA [Burhanuddin RABBANI, chairman; Gen. Abdul Rashid DOSTAM, vice chairman; Ahmad Shah MASOOD, military commander; Mohammed Yunis QANUNI, spokesman]; note - made up of 13 parties opposed to the Taliban including Harakat-i-Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Movement of Afghanistan), Hizb-i-Islami (Islamic Party), Hizb-i-Wahdat-i-Islami (Islamic Unity Party), Jumaat-i-Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Afghan Society), Jumbish-i-Milli (National Front), Mahaz-i-Milli-i-Islami (National Islamic Front)

47. Parsons/UULS Fall 2002 Course Catalog of village communities, including the Dogon, bamana, Dan and Central Asia was hometo many peoples, ranging from also study the rise of indigenous media in http://www2.parsons.edu/libstudies/

UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATE LIBERAL STUDIES CURRICULUM Eugene Lang College Joffrey Ballet BFA Program Mannes College of Music Parsons School of Design The New School Fall 2002 UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATE LIBERAL STUDIES CURRICULUM Interdivisional and Interdisciplinary courses in the Humanities, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences Department of Liberal Studies 66 Fifth Avenue, Room 200 Office of Academic Advising 2 W. 13th St., 5th floor Fall 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION Academic Calendar Class Schedule Add a Course Drop a Course ... Parsons School Of Design Liberal Arts COURSE DESCRIPTIONS Humanities Interdisciplinary Studies Film Theory and History Parsons Senior Seminars ... Course Distribution Charts Academic Calendar Classes begin on Tuesday, September 3rd and end on Friday, December 20th. Adult Division students should note that this is one week prior to most Adult Division courses. Class Schedule Most classes meet once per week, Monday through Friday, at the following times: 9:00-11:40, 12:00-2:40, 3:00-5:40. There are a few classes in the evening. Please note that there are some exceptions, including the foreign language classes, which meet more than once a week and at different times. Be sure to check start and end times of all classes when planning your schedule. Add a Course Drop a Course The last day to drop a course is September 24th. You must have permission from a Liberal Arts Advisor.

48. CIA -- The World Factbook -- Political Parties And Leaders or NFR leader NA; Pachacuti indigenous Movement Filipe Lepetu SETSHWAELO, theBotswana peoples Party, the Movement or MPM Younoussa bamana; Mahoran Rally http://surf.de.uu.net/bookland/compendia/cia/factbook/fields/political_parties_a

Political parties and leaders Country profile category: Government A B C D ... Z Afghanistan: Taliban (Religious Students Movement) [Mullah Mohammad OMAR]; United National Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan or UNIFSA [Burhanuddin RABBANI, chairman; Gen. Abdul Rashid DOSTAM, vice chairman; Ahmad Shah MASOOD, military commander; Mohammed Yunis QANUNI, spokesman]; note - made up of 13 parties opposed to the Taliban including Harakat-i-Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Movement of Afghanistan), Hizb-i-Islami (Islamic Party), Hizb-i-Wahdat-i-Islami (Islamic Unity Party), Jumaat-i-Islami Afghanistan (Islamic Afghan Society), Jumbish-i-Milli (National Front), Mahaz-i-Milli-i-Islami (National Islamic Front) Albania: Albanian National Front (Balli Kombetar) or PBK [Abaz ERMENJI]; Albanian Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU]; Albanian Socialist Party or PS (formerly the Albania Workers Party) [Fatos NANO, chairman]; Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Zef BUSHATI]; Democratic Alliance or PAD [Neritan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; Group of Reformist Democrats [Leonard NDOKA]; Liberal Union Party [Teodor LACO]; note - Teodor LACO of the Liberal Union Party was leader of the Social Democratic Union of Albania or PBSD; Movement of Legality Party or PLL [Nderim KUPI]; OMONIA [Vagjelis DULES]; Party of National Unity or PUK [Idajet BEQUIRI]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Skender GJINUSHI]; Unity for Human Rights Party or PBDNJ [Vasil MELO, chairman] Algeria: Democratic National Rally or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA, chairman]; Islamic Salvation Front or FIS (outlawed April 1992) [Ali BELHADJ and Dr. Abassi MADANI (imprisoned), Rabeh KEBIR (self-exile in Germany)]; Movement of a Peaceful Society or MSP [Mahfoud NAHNAH, chairman]; National Liberation Front or FLN [Boualem BENHAMOUDA, secretary general]; Progressive Republican Party [Khadir DRISS]; Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Said SAADI, secretary general]; Renaissance Movement or EnNahda Movement [Lahbib ADAMI]; Social Liberal Party or PSL [Ahmed KHELIL]; Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hocine Ait AHMED, secretary general (self-exile in Switzerland)]; Union for Democracy and Liberty [Mouley BOUKHALAFA]; Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUN]

49. Jembe History independence was to present the indigenous drumming and the people from whom theycome bamana, Wasulu (Wasolon and coastal regions belonging to peoples such as http://www.drumcircleusa.com/serv02.htm

DRUMCIRCLEUSA DRUM CIRCLES MUSIC BOOKS SHARE INFORMATION BECOME A VENDOR RECORDING CLOTHING Drum History DRUM LESSONS FESTIVALS DRUMS DRUM LINK DONATIONS CONCERTS MUSIC HIGH TIMES EMAIL US An unedited expanded version of the article published in Percussive Notes , vol. 34, no. 2, April 1996, pages 66-72. Portions reprinted by permission of the Percussive Arts Society. The jembe (spelled djembe in French writing) is on the verge of achieving world status as a percussion instrument, rivaled in popularity perhaps only by the conga and steel pan. It first made an impact outside West Africa in the 1950s due to the world tours of Les Ballets Africains led by the Guinean Fodeba Keita. In the few decades succeeding this initial exposure the jembe was known internationally only to a small coterie of musicians and devotees of African music and dance. In the U.S. interest in the jembe centered around Ladji Camara, a member of Les Ballets Africains in the 1950s, who since the 1960s has trained a generation of American players. Worldwide, a mere handful of LP recordings were released up to the mid-1980s, most containing just a few selections of

50. AA TOC 104-3 September 2002 for african Art exhibit Colleyn (ed.) bamana The Art the Edge of the State IndigenousPeoples and Self Food Habits Case Studies from africa, South America http://www.aaanet.org/aa/104-3.htm

Academic Relations Ethics Government Relations Public Policy ... Minority Issues E-mail address: Password: Forgot password? Need help? Press Room Members in the News ... Administer a Listing Max Rows: Go to AAA Home AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST VOL 104 NO 3 SEPTEMBER 2002 From the Editors Fran Mascia-Lees and Susan H. Lees ARTICLES IN FOCUS: SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 War, Factionalism, and the State in Afghanistan Nazif M. Shahrani Making War at Home in the United States: Militarization and the Current Crisis Catherine Lutz Murder by Suicide: Episodes from Muslim History Karin Andriolo Narrating September 11: Race, Gender, and the Play of Cultural Identities Cheryl Mattingly, Mary Lawlor, and Lanita Jacobs-Huey Global Violence and Indonesian Muslim Politics Robert W. Hefner Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism Mahmood Mamdani The Mafia and al-Qaeda: Violent and Secretive Organizations in Comparative and Historical Perspective Jane Schneider and Peter Schneider ETHICS FORUM: SEPTEMBER 11 AND ETHNOGRAPHIC RESPONSIBILITY Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving? Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and Its Others

51. Africans Art must consider both perspectives the indigenous as well the cultures of other peoplesonly by from a longstanding Western, imperialistic involvement in africa. http://www.webzinemaker.net/africans-art/index.php3?action=page&id_art=360

52. Africans Art like horns are used by the bamana Kòmò society colonization by native and nonnativepeoples moved into By 1920 indigenous furnaces ceased to produce native http://www.webzinemaker.net/africans-art/index.php3?action=page&id_art=363

53. Book Reviews oral knowledge, a vital factor for peoples with no and explore his interest in theindigenous arts while text provides a general overview of bamana society, a http://www.tribalarts.com/review/autumn2001.html

Current Reviews Previous Reviews Summer/Autumn 2001 TRIBAL ARTS HOME FORUM LETTERS CLASSIFIEDS ... CALENDAR BOOKS ABOUT TRIBAL ARTS MAGAZINE INDEX SUBSCRIBE GALLERIES A WORLD OF EARRINGS, AFRICA, ASIA, AMERICA By Anne van Cutsem Published in English, French, German, and Italian by Skira Editions, Milan, 2001 Format: 24 x 28 cm, 359 pp., 285 color and B/W illustrations Hardcover: 60Eu Captions describe materials, size, and function, and an index and glossary supply additional information.This book will be followed by a volume on bracelets. back ARTS PRÉCOLOMBIENS DE L'AMÉRIQUE CENTRALE.NICARAGUA, COSTA RICA ET PANAMÁ

54. S E S S I O N X Kinship and Ideology in the bamana World Towards an Explication of an IndigenousModel of Social XP6) Restoring Hunter-Gatherer peoples to African http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/ASA/sessionX.html

S E S S I O N X M O N D A Y, 1 1 : A. M. - 1 : P. M. (X-C13) Storytelling and the Tactics of Defining Identity (Cocoa) C atherine Cutbill, University of Virginia, Becoming Issaq/Isak: The Power of a Name in Systems of Hierarchy Helena Pohlandt-McCormick, University of Minnesota, Telling Soweto, June 16, 1976: The State s Appropriation of the People s Story into Official History Funso Afolayan, Washington University, Tradition, Culture, and Identity: The Politics of Historical Production Among the Igbomina-Yoruba of Southwestern Nigeria (X-C14) National Contexts, Social Institutions, and the Construction of Identity (Key West) Akinwumi Ogundiran, Boston University, Material Culture and Historical Landscape: The Politics of Ethnic and National Culture in Nigeria Nancy Spalding, East Carolina University, Pluralism and Social Dynamism in Tanzania: The Social Construction of Reality and Culture Rodney D Cunningham, Syracuse University, Nigeria: Students and Democratization Joy L Wrolson, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Zimbabwean Community Theater: Text and Subtext

55. Penn African Studies Newsletter, Mar./Apr.'97 trade and the collapse of the bamana state in current decline in the quality of peopleslives and is focused on NGOs, local and indigenous philanthropy, and http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Newsletters/afstd_497.html

Penn African Studies Newsletter, Mar./Apr.'97 African Studies to Award Four Prizes Africa Fest will be April 14-19 Day with a Scholar African Language Courses ... Vodu Metaphysics (Kathryn Ceurts) Migration, Jihad, and Muslim Authority.. (Book Review) Calendar of Events News Briefs Opportunities African Studies to Award Four Prizes The African Studies Center is pleased to announce four annual prizes in honor of excellent work in the field. Three prizes will be awarded to students by the African Studies faculty. The fourth will be awarded by students to a faculty member for excellence in teaching. Professors Rita Barnard, Department of English, and Dan Ben-Amos, Department of Folklore and Folklife, initiated and designed the student prizes. The Undergraduate Advisory Board in African Studies, chaired by Veniese Wilkinson and Mark Kahn, are responsible for inaugurating the teaching prize. Penn President Emeritus Martin Meyerson has generously donated prize money for the first year in honor of the famous Penn alumni and former faculty members in whose names the prizes will be given. The fours prizes will be awarded as follows: 1) The Ezekiel Mphahlele African Studies Prize will be awarded annually for the best undergraduate essay on African literature (in any language, written or oral) or the arts. 2) The Nnamdi Azikiwe African Studies Prize will be awarded annually for the best Africa-related essay by an undergraduate in any of the social or natural sciences. 3) The Kwame Nkrumah African Studies Prize will be awarded every three years (starting in 1997) for the best dissertation in African Studies. In the two intervening years, the prize will go to the best graduate student essay in the field. 4) The W.E.B. Du Bois African Studies Prize will be awarded annually by the Undergraduate Advisory Board to honor excellence in teaching by an African Studies faculty member.

56. Adherents.com By Location members among more than 10 peoples, a national Bible been translated into the indigenouslanguage, Divehi. bamana, Mali, 3,500,000, , -, -, 1998, Gall, Timothy L. (ed http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_194.html

57. Met Special Topics Page | Trade And The Spread Of Islam emanated from the Mossi and the bamana, with the verses, which came to displace indigenoustalismans and by the interaction between African peoples and Islamic http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/tsis/hd_tsis.htm

Related Timeline Content World Map, 500-1000 A.D. Africa Map, 500-1000 A.D. Eastern and Southern Africa, 500-1000 A.D. Eastern and Southern Africa, 1400-1600 A.D. Western and Central Sudan, 1000-1400 A.D. Western and Central Sudan, 1400-1600 A.D. African Christianity in Ethiopia The Birth of Islam African Lost-Wax Casting: Bronze, Copper, and Brass Empires of the Western Sudan Empires of the Western Sudan: Ghana Empire Inland Niger Delta The Nature of Islamic Art Trans-Saharan Gold Trade Africa Cities in the western and central Sudan influenced by the early spread of Islam, ca. eighth century A.D. Enlarge Area of Muslim influence on the eastern coast of Africa, ca. eighth century A.D. Multiple Trajectories of Islam in Africa Islam had already spread into northern Africa by the mid-seventh century A.D., only a few decades after the Prophet Muhammad moved with his followers from Mecca to Medina on the neighboring Arabian Peninsula (622 A.D./1 A.H.). The Arab conquest of Spain and the push of Arab armies as far as the Indus River culminated in an empire that stretched over three continents, a mere hundred years after the Prophet's death. Between the eighth and ninth centuries, Arab traders and travelers, then African clerics, began to spread the religion along the eastern coast of Africa and to the western and central Sudan (literally, "Land of Black people"), stimulating the development of urban communities. Given its negotiated, practical approach to different cultural situations, it is perhaps more appropriate to consider Islam in Africa in terms of its multiple histories rather then as a unified movement.

58. Center For African Studies At The University Of Illinois of two FLAS fellowships for the study of bamana. Americans, in A Nation of PeoplesAmerica's Multicultural is presenting, The Use of indigenous Africans in http://www.afrst.uiuc.edu/Habari/Spring2000/fac.html

HABARI Spring 2000 Newsletter: Faculty, Staff, and Students Frontpage Update Reports This Section: Faculty Profile Alumnus Profile Student Profile Visitors ... Alumni News Faculty Profile: Don Crummey Don Crummey's early interests were in Ethiopia's modern engagement with Europe, the processes of Ethiopian state reconstruction in the later nineteenth century and in the role of Christian religious institutions. These concerns led to his first book- Priests and Politicians. Protestant and Catholic Missions in Orthodox Ethiopia, 1830-1868 (Clarendon, 1972). Don then taught for six years in the History Department of Addis Ababa University and joined the faculty of the University of Illinois in 1973. From 1984 to 1994 he served as Director of the Center. On coming to Illinois, Don embarked on a long-term research project, a social history of Christian Ethiopia, drawing on a rich body of land documents as marginal notes in the Ethiopian manuscript collection of the British Library. In 1984 he visited Gondar with Shumet Sishagne, and out of that visit came, in 1988, an NEH collaborative research grant for "A History of Ethiopian Land Tenure and its Social Context," which, with renewal, ran to 1993. Shumet served as a research assistant on the project completing his PhD in 1991. Serving at the same time was Daniel Ayana (see next profile). They were later joined by Tesfaye W. Medhin, now completing his disssertation in anthropology, and Abebe Fissiha, currently finishing a PhD in education. The NEH grant made possible the microfilming of land documents still held in Ethiopian churches and monasteries. This research, in turn, led to Don's monograph

59. In Praise Of The Word: African Oral Arts: www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/bamana.html and Dagomba people of Gonja andAkan peoplesfor the For example, modern mergers of indigenous and Western http://www.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/praiseword.htm

Humanities 211 Prof. Cora Agatucci 6 October 1998 2.1 IN PRAISE OF THE WORD: Traditional African Oral Arts SHORT CUTS In Praise of the Word Orality and Literacy : Different Ways of Knowing A Twi Proverb Ikemefuna's Song Fulani Poetic Genres African Music and Culture (CD) IN PRAISE OF THE WORD In many of traditional African cultures, oral arts are professionalized: the most accomplished storytellers and praise singers are initiates ( griots or bards , who have mastered many complex verbal, musical, and memory skills after years of specialized training. This training often includes a strong spiritual and ethical dimension required to control the special forces believed to be released by the spoken/sung word in oral performances. These occult powers and primal energies of creation and destruction are called nyama by Mande peoples of Western Africa, for example, and their jeli, or griots, are a subgroup of the artisan professions that the Mande designate nyamakalaw , or “ nyama-handlers Following a traditional griot performance of a spiritually-charged oral epic like Sundjiata , a Malian audience might ritualistically chant !Ka nyama bo! which could be translated something like

60. African Film Contexts African countries, their geography, peoples, government, and Fespaco has been featuringindigenous African full Art and Power in bamana (Bambara) Initiation http://www.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/afrfilmcontexts.htm

Humanities 211 Prof. Cora Agatucci 6 October 1998 African Film Contexts Links and article references for background on African film Contexts for Afrique, je te plumerai for Keita: l'heritage du griot for Yeelen (see also descriptions of COCC 's African film holdings Fespaco (Pan-African Film Festival held biannually in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso) Bibliography for further study CONTEXTS for Keita: The Heritage of the Griot LINKS: The Legend of Sundiata [Available: http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/aoi/html/sundiata.html This link offers a summary of Sundjata Keita's epic story, part of which is told in Keita: The Heritage of the Griot. What is a Griot? [Available: http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/aoi/html/griot.html "Griots are historians, praise-singers and musical entertainers. And yet, none of these descriptions quite captures their unique status in Manding society." Click this link to learn more . . . Mali: Africa's Empire of Empires [Available: http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/aoi/html/empire.html "Africa has known many empires, but none is so well remembered as the Empire of Mali, sometimes called the Manding Empire [1235 – ca. 1468]. . . . If the memory of ancient Mali still burns brightly today, that's largely thanks to the work of griots, professional historians, praise-singers and musical entertainers among the Manding people. . . . [who are] spread throughout at least six West African countries: Mali, Guinea, Gambia, Senegal, Cote D'Ivoire, Burkina Faso and Guinea Bissau." The Manding "still rely on their griots to remind them of their glorious place in history. And the most cherished of all the griot histories is the story of Sundiata Keita, the first king of the Malian Empire."

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