41. Mutilated Humanity. (female Circumcision) have been not uncommon among indigenous peoples of our African peoples like the Dogon,bambara, and Lobi Among these peoples the fundamental law of creation is http://www.sistahspace.com/nommo/fgm18.html

Mutilated humanity. (female circumcision) Perhaps the most profound name ever bestowed upon a species was that given to human beings by Karl Linnaeus in 1753 in his great book Systema Naturae - namely, Homo sapiens. Linnaeus briefly epitomized this with the words: "Man, know thyself" (Homo nosce Te ipsum). This sounds like an injunction, and it is; but it was also intended to underscore the fact that human beings are the only creatures in the world capable of self-consciousness and contemplation and characterized by an unparalleled creativity. Yet an impartial survey of Homo sapiens' record since 1753 would suggest that Oscar Wilde, as usual, was on the mark when he said that Homo sapiens was the most premature definition ever given a species. A possible improvement might be, in demotic English, "the wise guy, too clever by far for his own good." Perhaps the more appropriate appellation at this stage of human maldevelopment would be Homo sap, "the addlepated one." Not that wisdom is not there as a potentiality. It is. Every child is born with the

42. AMU CHMA NEWSLETTER #11 (09/01/1994) of the Tchokwe and neighbouring peoples in Angola the cognitive processes used bythe bambara population of 6.3 African Resource Centre for indigenous Knowledge. http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/AMU/amu_chma_11.html

AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER-11 Chairman: Paulus Gerdes (Mozambique) Secretary: Ahmed Djebbar (Algeria) TABLE OF CONTENTS NEWSLETTER #11 Objectives of AMUCHMA Meetings Current research interests Notes and queries ... back to AMUCHMA ONLINE Higher Pedagogical Institute (ISP), Maputo (Mozambique), 1.9.1993 2. MEETINGS 2.1 4th MaghrIbian Symposium on the History of Arabic Mathematics The 4th MaghrIbian Symposium on the History of Arabic Mathematics was held at the Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University in Fez (Morocco), organized by Mohamed Aballagh, Mohamed Abattouy, and Mohamed Mesbahi. The following papers were presented in Arabic, English, or French dealing with the arabic mathematical sciences, their application and reception during the Middle Ages: * Ahmed Djebbar (Algiers, Algeria): Some aspects of mathematical activities in the extreme Maghreb from the XIIth to the XVIth centuries; * Mohamed Benchrifa (Rabat, Morocco): Presence of mathematics in some Andalusian literary writings; * Moustafa Mawaldi (Aleppo, Syria): Study of the manuscript 'Risala fi-l-Hisab-l-Hawa'i' of Najm ad-Din al-Katibi; * Rachid Bebbouchi (Bab-Ez-Zonar, Algeria): Redaction techniques in mathematics: Arabic heritage and actual reality in Algeria;

43. Native And Non-native Crops - The Congo Cookbook (African Recipes) Www.congocook and weapons, allowed the Bantu peoples to dominate Important crops indigenous toAfrica include the African of Paradise (a spice), the bambara Groundnut, a http://www.congocookbook.com/c0210.html

The Congo Cookbook Sitemap About African Cooking / Native and Non-native crops Search Amazon.com Chicken Fish Meat ... Hot Peppers and the Grain Coast Native and Non-native crops Poison Sub-Saharan Africa Women's Work Glossary ... About African Cooking Native and Non-native crops truly African crops, and transplants from America and Asia When one considers the number of crops commonly grown in sub-Saharan Africa that originated in some other part of the world, it seems no surprise that sub-Saharan Africans consumed so much bush meatthey seem to have had little else. It is undeniable that over the past two millenniums sub-Saharan African farmers have cultivated many crops that are not native to Africa, but there are also some African crops which have largely been replaced by non-native crops. Africa has always been linked to the Middle East and Asia via the Egyptian and Ethiopian civilizations which brought many crops to Africa even in prehistoric times. More non-native crops came to Africa in two long migrations, the first from Asia, the second from the Americas. Malayo-Polynesian colonizers from the Pacific Ocean islands came to the islands of Madagascar and the Comoros in the middle of the first millennium AD. There they came into contact with Bantu-speaking Africans who had come from mainland Africa. Together they formed Madagascar's unique African-Asian culture. At more or less the same time, traders from Arabia, who had long sailed along the African, Arabian, and West Asian coasts of the Indian Ocean, reached Zanzibar and the nearby African coast and settled there in increasing numbers. These migrations of Arabs and Persians, combined with African migrations from the mainland, became the Swahili civilization on Africa's East Coast. Both the Malayo-Polynesian and Arab-Persian migrants brought Asian food crops to Africa. These new foodstuffs included Bananas and

44. Glossary - The Congo Cookbook (African Recipes) Www.congocookbook.com - previously occupied by Pygmy and San (Bushmen) peoples. plant of the lily family,indigenous to central cultivated by Africans, the bambara groundnut (Vigna http://www.congocookbook.com/c0120.html

The Congo Cookbook Sitemap About African Cooking / Glossary Search Amazon.com Chicken Fish Meat ... Women's Work Glossary Recipe Indexes Rare Recipes About this Website About Africa ... About African Cooking Glossary words and definitions This short glossary provides some more information about many of the ingredients, dishes. and other things mentioned in this website. When an ingredient name is a link, clicking on it should show you recipes that use that ingredient on the Recipes by Ingredient page. african oil palm The fruit and oil of the African oil palm ( Elaesis guineensis ) are used in many African dishes. The fruit of the African oil palm are called palm nuts , and from these red palm oil and palm butter are made, both of which give many African sauces, soups, and stews (such as Moambé, Nyembwe, and Palm Oil Chop) their distinctive taste and red color. Red palm oil and canned palm butter (also called Palm Soup Base, Sauce Graine, Noix de Palme, or Cream of Palm Fruits) is exported from many African countries and can be found in African import grocery stores. (Red palm oil and the white palm oil should not be confused; they are not interchangeable. Red palm oil is made from the fibrous fruit of the palm nut. White palm oil is made from the seed kernel.) African oil palms (as well as other palms) are also a source of sap that is used to make palm wine and distilled alcohol. aubergine Aubergine is the French word for Eggplant, from Catalan Albergínia, from Arabic Al-Badingan. see

45. Explore Mali! - WorldMouse.com Religions Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1 a mythical hero, believedto have introduced agriculture to the bambara (Bamana) peoples of Mali http://worldmouse.safeshopper.com/77/cat77.htm?68

46. VADA - Volkeren Stammen Peoples Tribes I - L Lords of the Savanna; The bambara, Fulani, Igbo, Mossi Home Find Books Search Seealso indigenous peoples in Brazil See also Dyula. See also peoples of India. http://www.vada.nl/volkenil.htm

VADA - Volkeren Stammen Peoples Tribes Last update: 09-11-2002 I IANOMAMI YANOMAMI (Brasilian Indians) IBALOI (Filipijnen - the Philippines) IBIBIO (Nigeria) IBO (Nigeria) ... IZHORIANS (Rusland - Russia) J JAEGA (Native American, USA) JAINS (Kenia - Kenya) JAMA MAPUN (Filipijnen - the Philippines) JAMSHIDI (Afghanistan, Iran) ... JURUNA (Brasilian Indians) K KAAGAN (Filipijnen - the Philippines) KA BEO LO LO (Vietnam) KABRE (Togo) KAFIRS (Zuid Afrika - South Africa) ... KWINTI (Suriname) L LACCADIVE MAPPILLA (India) LA CHI CU TE LA QUA THO DEN (Vietnam) LA HA KHLA PHLOA (Vietnam) LAHU (Laos, Thailand) ... The Nation: Ibans IBIBIO (Nigeria) G.I. Jones Photographic Archive Photographs of Nigerian art and masquerade taken in the 1930s. Includes examples from Igbo, Ibibio, Ijo, and Ogoni speaking peoples See also: Nigeria IGBO IBO (Nigeria) Widowhood Among the Igbo of Eastern Nigeria Thesis submitted by Chima Jacob Korieh for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in History, University of Bergen, Norway, Spring 1996 G.I. Jones Photographic Archive

47. Trek To Mali Religions Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1%. Languages French (official),bambara 80%, numerous African of many different peoples, including the http://www.buildingwithbooks.org/tfk/t3/t3profile.shtml

Other Treks... Trek Nicaragua Trek New Mexico Trek Nepal #2 Trek Bolivia Trek Mali Trek India Trek Nepal #1 Text Directory Trek Journal Country Profile Trek Photos Trek Map Video Activities Trek Home Other Treks BwB Home Environment Political History Economy Culture Facts Location: Northwestern Africa, bordered by Algeria, Niger, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, Senegal, and Mauritania (16 00 N, 00 00 longitude) Capital: Bamako Population: Nationality: Malian Ethnic Groups: Religions: Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1% Languages: French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages Population Growth: Birthrate: 49.23 births/1,000 population Infant Mortality: 123.25 deaths/1,000 live births Life Expectancy: 45.5 years (male), 47.85 years (female) Poverty: N/A Literacy: (age 15 and over who can read and write) 31% (Male); 23.1% (Female) Industries: local consumer goods production, agriculture, construction, phosphate and gold mining Environment Mali is located in northwestern Africa and is bordered by Algeria in the northeast, Niger in the east, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, and Guinea in the south, and by Senegal and Mauritania in the west. Most of Mali consists of low plains broken occasionally by rocky hills. The southeastern part of Mali is dominated by the Hombori Mountains which rise to 1,155 m (3,789 ft.). In the southwest, the Bambouk and Mandingue mountains are seperated by sandy lowlands and the Niger River. The northern third of the country lies within the Sahara Desert. The west is characterized by a part of the Sahel, a semi-arid transitional zone between areas of Savanna and the Sahara Desert.

48. Ajepong Syllabus including kinship, family and marriage, indigenous political systems Yatenga, Kru,Kpelle, Wangara, bambara, Idiona (over the vocabulary of the peoples of Sub http://cehd.ewu.edu/faculty/ntodd/GhanaUDLP/Adjepong.html

VC Sam Adjepong at wheat harvest in Harrington, Washington, August 1996 ELEMENTS OF AFRICAN CULTURE by Professor Samuel Kwasi Adjepong Vice Chancellor, University of Cape Coast Course Description: An opportunity to explore the great African continent. The concept "African culture" will be defined and delineated. The major characteristics of African culture will be outlined, including: kinship, family and marriage, indigenous political systems and traditional economic patterns and belief systems. Students will learn how agents of social change such as industrialization, colonial rule, education, urbanization and Christianity have shaped African culture. The status of women in contemporary African society will also be explored. I. INTRODUCTION 1. The myth of the "homogenous" African culture; the reality of cultural pluralism in Africa. 2. Africa in Historical perspective (a) Misconceptions and distortions about African past. (b) Africa in antiquity - ancient cultures and civilizations. Note: Africa has been a dynamic partner in civilization. The earliest civilization (OLDUVAI CIVILIZATION) more than 2000 years ago, has been found near Tanganyika. Africa is the cradle of humanity. (i) Egypt: the art of writing Kush: irrigation technology Axum: astronomy Moroe: geometry and medicine Moroe: the invention of paper Moroe: the pyramids Moroe: the mummification of the dead Ancient Egyptians were black. Egypt was founded by people from the south of Africa. Most names of Pharaoh's were Ethiopian.

49. Ewe Slaves & Voodoo: America's Hidden Heritage culturally,and ancestrally distinct and indigenous to their Wolof, Malinke, Mandinka,bambara, Fula, Mende, Vai, Twi Ellis, AB, The Ewe Speaking peoples of the http://www.mamiwata.com/ewe.html

//Jump To Top Link Script // // EWE SLAVES AND "VOODOO" IN AMERICA Uncovering America's Hidden Heritage By Mamaissii Vivian Odelelasi Dansi Hounon, M.Ed. "Paw" Maternal great-great grandfather of Mamaissii Vivian (author) "Paw use to take us across this small bridge that he'd built. For years, we'd track on across that bridge, and never thought nothing of it. It was not until later that we realized that it wasn't no bridge at all; but a great-big-ole-serpent! You see, in those days, before the White man started clubbing and shooting them to death, they [the serpents] use to grow that big!" -[Mamaissii Vivian's] Family-lore about "Paw" passed down from great-grandmother. -Paris,Louisiana EWE [ ev-way ] SLAVES IN AMERICA: An Anecdotal Journey Papaws or Popos [The] "Papaws or Popos were the largest group of Africans exported and enslaved [in America] in the early eighteenth century. They were speakers of Ewe and in this language there is a word dzon'ku ' a sorcerer's name for himself and the world -nu meaning man. Put together the words mean

50. Tostan News - Remaking Culture In Senegal of these the community of Ngerin bambara women who points, strikes a deeper chordin peoples lives than This report is from the indigenous Knowledge section http://www.tostan.org/news-remakingculture.htm

Click here to close this window Note: At IKNotes you can find these articles in French, English and Wolof. www.worldbank.org/afr/ik/iknotes.htm Senegalese Women Remake Their Culture Although for decades the capital of French West Africa, Senegal, like other countries of the Sahel, remains predominantly rural. and while 62 percent of the people reside in rural areas, more than 85 percent of the wealth is in urban centers. As in many countries, disadvantage accumulates at the level of women and girls. In 1995, female literacy countrywide was just over half the rate for men (23 percent compared to 44 percent), and the discrepancy was still greater in rural areas. Tostan, literally means "breaking out of the egg" in Wolof, the language spoken by the majority of Senegal's 7.9 million people and is among a number of innovative rural development and women's education initiatives that are addressing the problem at its source. It offers an 18-month learning program that combines basic education in national languages with practical development issues, and provides rural people with the resources to improve their standard of living while fostering increased confidence in their way of life. More than literacy, this breakthrough program offers participants the tools to tackle such community issues as health, hygiene and the environment. The program uses six modules that link literacy to life skills in a highly participatory process of problem solving. Tostan successfully sustains the link between basic education and rural development, giving adult learners not only literacy and numeracy skills in their national languages but the means to understand and solve local problems.

51. CÔTE D'IVOIRE: Roughly one third of the indigenous population lives in Mandé peoplesincludingthe Malinké, bambara, Juula, and the east of the Mandé are Voltaic peoples. http://www.supportmpci.org/TheIvoryCoast.htm

CÔTE D'IVOIRE: UNDERSTANDING THE CRISIS TABLE OF CONTENTS COUNTRY FACTBOOK Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The Ethnic Diversity The Houphouet’s Years The Bedie’s Years The Guéi’s Years The Gbagbo’s Years THE PRESENT CRISIS The Events of 19 September 2002 The MPCI in the Crisis THE PEACE AGREEMENTS The Ceasefire The Lomé’s Summit The Paris Summit THE PRESENT POLITICAL DEADLOCK APPENDIX The UN's resolution 1464 (2003). COUNTRY FACTBOOK Geography Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Ghana and Liberia Area: Total: 322,460 sq km water: 4,460 sq km land: 318,000 sq km Land boundaries: Total: 3,110 km border countries: Burkina Faso 584 km, Ghana 668 km, Guinea 610 km, Liberia 716 km, Mali 532 km Climate: Tropical along coast, semiarid in far north; three seasons - warm and dry (November to March), hot and dry (March to May), hot and wet (June to October) Natural resources: Petroleum, natural gas, diamonds, manganese, iron ore, cobalt, bauxite, copper, hydropower Environment - international agreements: Party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

52. Harmful Health Practices Program Examples World Bank Incorporating indigenous knowledge (IK), customs, and the village ofMalicounda bambara pledged to were able to alleviate peoples' concerns about http://www.rho.org/html/hthps_progexamples.htm

53. SA7: Transmission the poetry of the Muslim peoples hymns to Malinke or Mandinka, Mandengka, Mandingo,bambara, Dioula or 1952) bemoaned the lack of indigenous African literature http://www.hf.uib.no/smi/sa/7Knappert.html

Sudanic Africa 7, 1996. The Transmission of Knowledge: A Note on the Islamic Literatures of Africa Jan Knappert The following pages contain a summary of data collected during many years of research on Islam in Africa. The material is already amply sufficient for a book, but so far no publisher has been found. Eight books and a dozen collections of songs may give an idea of the Swahili material. While collecting texts for my Islamic Poetry of Africa and for my article 'The use of Arabic Script for the Languages of Africa', it became clear that there are many lacunae in our knowledge since no systematic research had been conducted and/or published, whereas all the while new material is coming to light in the form of manuscripts in languages which were hitherto believed to possess no literature at all, let alone Islamic literature in Arabic script. What is an Islamic literature? Literatures written in Arabic script are normally Islamic literatures, but not all Islamic literatures are so written. In Amharic and in Zulu there is Islamic literature but not in Arabic script. Islamic literature is normally the work of an Islamic people, but not all Islamic peoples have created Islamic literatures. For instance, the epic poetry in Mandinka is recited by bards who are Muslims, but their epic songs are not Islamic. The explanation is that these epics continue to be recited by and for people who have become Islamicised in a period of history subsequent to the creation of the epic. The reverence for this national poetry has survived the Islamisation process. A similar situation seems to exist in Iran where the epic of the heathen kings, the

54. Articles both the Tuareg and the bambara of Segu. seeking maximum accommodation with the indigenoustradition and relations of Islam with West africa's Sudanic peoples. http://www.marcusgarvey.com/tocentury.htm

Religion and Empire in the Western and Central Sudan PRELUDE TO THE GREAT JIHADS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY The loss of political influence suffered by Muslims following the fall of Songhal was less serious in the eyes of true believers than the spirit of accommodation which had long characterized the relations of Islam with West Africa's Sudanic peoples. Perhaps this was the force of necessity, for African culture had never been receptive to the demands of Islamic doctrine which was consequently obliged for survival to give ground to indigenous customs and thought. The Dyula traders were a good case in point. They lived peaceably side by side with pagans to whom they sold great quantities of Muslim amulets and by whom they were thoroughly accepted as part of the pagan African scene. Although they were a factor in spreading Islamic culture throughout West Africa, they were but a minor influence for mass conversion. The frustration of hard-shell reformers like the Torodbe was poised against the resentment harbored by the pagan or nominally Muslim chief against the religious dogmatists in his realm. Their ill-concealed air of superiority was all the more vexing because their assistance was so often necessary in the affairs of state. Moreover, their religious exclusiveness was frequently accompanied by linguistic and cultural differences which made them unassimilated islands of foreigners in their adopted land. Finally, there was always the danger that advisers might develop excessive influence and arrogate authority, using it to subvert the state on behalf of an alien religion and way of life.

55. Index For Report bambara groundnut. A review of methods focused on africa. Salvaging NatureIndigenous peoples, Protected Areas and Biodiversity Conservation. http://www.genevar.com.au/seedsavers/libcat/docs/Report.html

Library: Index P.O. Box 975 Byron Bay, NSW 2481, Australia - Ph/Fax (02) 6685 6624 - www.seedsavers.net info@seedsavers.net Library Catalogue Index Library Catalogue Search Title Language Category All fields Browse by: [ Title Subject Language Publication Type Report A Review of Agricultural Development in the Atolls Actes des Premieres Rencontres Mediterraneennes surle Patrimoine Genitique Domestique et les Savoirs Populaires Annual Report Of The Bean Improvement Cooperative Vol. 24 1981 Atoll Agricultural Research: Problems and Prospects ... Western Samoa -Environmental Legislation Review

56. INDIGENOUS AFRICAN RELIGION > THE AFRICAN'S CONCEPT OF GOD Mendes of Sierra Leone, NGEWO; the bambara of Sudan to different religious conceptsin indigenous African societies. and thus made of them peoples of ambivalent http://www.hypertextile.bizland.com/BLAKHUD/ind-reli/ind01.htm

BLAKHUD Research Centre Lumosi Library WRITINGS of D. Massiasta INDIGENOUS AFRICAN RELIGION CHAPTER ONE THE AFRICAN'S CONCEPT OF GOD To the one and only Supreme Being, various African societies have common attributes in different names. The Yoruba of Nigeria call him OLORUN; the Mendes of Sierra Leone, NGEWO; the Bambara of Sudan, FARO; the Ibo of Nigeria, CHUKWU; the Akan of Ghana, NYAME; and the West Camerounians, NIAMBE, to mention only a few. In essence one cannot actually differentiate JOK of the Central African people from SORO of the Nupe. To illustrate the point of differences further, one could use the example of a specific religious practice, which can be found in a number of African societies. This example is IFA, a popular divinatory science in West Africa. The name IFA is Yoruba. It is AFA in Ewe. And when the Yoruba, in the practice of giving spiritual explanations, call some of the secret codes ODI, IRETE, OGUNDA, IWORI and OSA, the Ewe are referring to the same codes when they say DI, LETE, GUDA, WOLI and SA. Even if the latter are copying a practice of the former, such differences will occur. On the other hand, similarities could be striking. For example the Lotuko of Central Africa perform rainmaking rituals. A rite of black goat offering is made to the sacred stones and these stones are washed with water from a sacred stream. Similar rites are performed to the rain-stones (TSINA) of the Ewe. In the same way both the Ewe and Jaba of Nigeria believe a witch could eat the 'egg' in a pregnant woman's womb. Therefore the Ewe and Jaba forbid children and pregnant women to eat eggs. It is even believed that a woman used to eating chicken eggs may be tempted to eat her own 'eggs'

57. Senegal: Ban On Female Genital Mutilation IK Notes reports periodically on indigenous Knowledge (IK of these the community ofNgerin bambara women who out, strikes a deeper chord in peoples lives than http://www.africaaction.org/docs99/sen9901.htm

Africa Policy Home Page Chronological Index (1999) Geographical Index (1999) Senegal: Ban on Female Genital Mutilation Date distributed (ymd): 990104 Document reposted by APIC +++++++++++++++++++++Document Profile+++++++++++++++++++++ Region: West Africa Issue Areas: +economy/development+ +gender/women+ Summary Contents: This posting contains a short report, from the "Indigenous Knowledge" section of the World Bank's Africa Region, providing background to the December 1998 decision by Senegal to ban female genital mutilation (see the BBC report at http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/default.htm ). That decision, which follows a similar step by Togo in October 1998, was in large part the result of local initiatives by Senegalese women described in the report, as well as a worldwide campaign by UNICEF. For additional background, and information on action on this issue by African women in the United States, including a "Declaration of Values" with a form to indicate your support, see the Rainbo web site ( http://www.rainbo.org

58. Delaware Tech Diversity information from and about native or indigenous nations, peoples and organizations Baisden,Michael Baldwin, James bambara, Toni Cade Berry, Bertice http://www.dtcc.edu/stanton-wilmington/diversity/resources.htm

Fall 2002 x Resources for Students, Faculty and Staff Internet Links Revised 4/3/01 African-American Culture Age Gender Asian-American Culture ... Faculty-Specific Resources Revised 1/9/01 Fiction Revised 1/9/01 Anthologies African-American Authors African Authors Native American Authors ... Non-Fiction Revised 1/9/01 Anthologies African-American Authors African Authors Native American Authors ... Gay and Lesbian Listed below are links to resources for students, faculty and staff. There are an innumerable amount of diversity-related websites on the Internet, and many organizations, cultures, and subcultures are not represented here. If you know of additional Internet resources that you feel should be listed here, please contact Lisa Hastings or Pat Moody with the URL and a short description highlighting the features of the site. Please note that the Diversity Committee at Delaware Tech provides these links as a courtesy only with no endorsement intended, implied or otherwise; the content and perspectives presented in these linked sites are not necessarily those of Delaware Tech or the Diversity Committee. In addition, the categories defined below are not meant to be representative of all the cultures and subcultures at Delaware Tech or across the globe.

59. Africa Studies Videos In The Harvard Libraries is the triple heritage of africaits indigenous, Western, and 105 min., in Bambarawith English subtitles. complex of the Tumbuka speaking peoples of northern http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~cafrica/videos.shtml

Return to Index Widener Library Videos Tozzer Library Videos Music Library Videos Hilles Undergraduate Library Videos African Studies Videos in Widener Library Widener's African videos are now in the Harvard Depository and should be requested at least several days in advance. This can be done in person at the Widener Circulation Desk or from a Harvard computer using "Hollis." XWV 441 A Bamako, les femmes sont belles. By Christiane Succab-Goldman. 1995, 65 min. Various women from Bamako, Mali discuss their memories of the past and their lives in the present as they try to balance the demands of tradition and development. BNZ9597 XWV 274 Adama - The Fulani Magician . By Taale Laafi Rosellini with Moustapha Thiombiano and Lamine Keita. Music by Oger Kabore. (22min.) Adama Hamidou is a deaf West African dancer, comedian, street performer and practitioner of the ancient Yan-Taori magic tradition in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Draws an intimate portrait of the man and his culture through both performance sequences and interviews in which Adama tells his own story in West African sign language. XWV 307 Africa Dreaming: South Africa, Namibia, Senegal, Mozambique, Tunisia, 1997. 104 min. A compilation of four 26 minute short narrative films by directors from four countries. Each is set in contemporary societies and deals with the difficulties and mysteries of relationships and their societal dimensions. BLE1699

60. Adherents.com: By Location new religious movements among primal or tribal peoples empires such as the Hausa,Fulani, and bambara. Religion Islam combined with indigenous beliefs ; Pg http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_4.html

Adherents.com - Religion by Location Over 42,000 religious geography and religion statistics citations (membership statistics for over 4,000 different religions, denominations, tribes, etc.) for every country in the world. To Index back to Africa, Lutheran - non-LWF Africa, continued... Group Where Number of Adherents % of total pop. Number of congreg./ churches/ units Number of countries Year Source Quote/ Notes Lutheran World Federation Africa *LINK* Evangelical Lutheran Church in America web site; web page: "January 25, 1996 News Releases " (viewed 9 July 1999). Story: "More than 60 Million Lutherans Worldwide " [96-01-003-FI] Table: "Lutheran World Federation 1995 Membership Figures Summary " Lutheran World Federation Africa *LINK* Evangelical Lutheran Church in America web site; web page: "January 25, 1996 News Releases " (viewed 9 July 1999). Story: "More than 60 Million Lutherans Worldwide " [96-01-003-FI] "Almost all of Africa's 7.9 million Lutherans are members of the [LWF] federation. " Lutheran World Federation Africa Lutheran World Federation "The African membership of the World Lutheran Federation, for example, has grown by 65 percent in just seven years, to 9.1 million people. "

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