41. Livestocks Modern biotechnology Uses Genetic engineering, a modern form of biotechnology, createsa cloning and recombinant DNA, the genetic makeup of livestock can be http://www3.iptv.org/exploremore/ge/uses/use4_livestock.cfm

42. BIOTECHNOLOGY = BIG BUCKS FOR BIG BUSINESS This is the nature of the improvement sought by biotechnology firmsincreasedprofitability of assets, whether food crops, livestock, or basic things like http://www.radio4all.org/anarchy/biotech.html

BEWARE BIOTECHNOLOGY He who will not reason is a bigot; he who cannot is a fool; and he who dares not is a slave. William Drummond, Academical Questions Federal Government’s Office of Technology Assessment defines "biotechnology" as " the use of living organisms to make or modify products, to improve plants or animals, or to develop micro-organisms for specific uses." Biotechnology is the buzzword of major multinational corporations, including , and others. The corporate-owned media gush about the manifold commercial applications of biotech products, including transgenic pigs (who are genetically compatible with humans and are used as organ donors), crops that produce their own insecticides, Bovine Growth Hormone to boost livestock milk production, and so on. However, when private profit is involved, you simply must raise questions, particularly in the area of biotechnology. "FIXING" WHAT ISN'T BROKEN! For example, the notion of "improving plants or animals" as noted by the US Government is simple hubris and arrogance on the part of the firms partaking in this. Humans as we know them have been around for a scant 40,000 yearsprimates as a whole only about 2 million years, whereas the Earth has been around for several billion years. Some life forms, like ants, for example, have been around for over 120 million years. Bacteria and viruses have been around much, much longerthey are among the oldest living things on the planet. So, who are

43. Animal Agriculture 's Future Through Biotechnology, Part I Biotechnology In Anim provide new genetic markers for improved selection of all livestock species. Biotechnologyalso offers considerable potential for animal agriculture as a means http://usinfo.state.gov/topical/global/biotech/03021002.htm

Biotechnology 5 February 2003 Animal Agriculture 's Future Through Biotechnology, Part I Biotechnology In Animal Agriculture: An Overview The following issue paper on animal biotechnology was prepared for the U.S.-based Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. Introduction Since the onset of the modern era of biotechnology, scientists have made impressive strides in developing new agricultural biotechnologies. Biotechnologies that enhance productivity and productive efficiency have been developed and approved for commercial use. Technologies that improve productive efficiency will benefit both producers and consumers because feed constitutes a major component (approximately 70 percent) of farm expenditures. New approaches by which animals may be a source of both biopharmaceuticals for human medicine and organs for transplant (xenotransplantation) also are under development. Advances in biotechnology research have allowed impressive improvements to be made in diagnostic approaches, increasing microbial safety of food and improving animal health. The application of genomics and bioinformatics in animal agriculture will provide new genetic markers for improved selection of all livestock species. Transgenic biology provides a means of altering the genome of animals to achieve desired production or health outcomes of commercial value and societal importance. Biotechnology also offers considerable potential for animal agriculture as a means to decrease the nutrients and odors from manure as well as the volume of manure produced. Development and adoption of these biotechnologies will contribute to a more sustainable environment.

44. Encouraging Research And Scholarship practice scholarship in discovery. Areas of research at the University of Saskatchewaninclude specialty crops, biotechnology, livestock, neuropsychiatry and http://www.usask.ca/uofs/report/research.html

1996-97 Annual Report ENCOURAGING RESEARCH AND SCHOLARSHIP University of Saskatchewan Goal: To build mutually beneficial relationships with other public and private organizations University of Saskatchewan Goal: To ensure that our activities are consistent with environmental responsibilities. Another part of the University's mission is to "practice scholarship in discovery." Areas of research at the University of Saskatchewan include specialty crops, biotechnology, livestock, neuropsychiatry and cancer to name just a few. Our reputation for excellence in research helped to attract over $55 million in research funds last year, with a profound ripple effect on the local and provincial economy. The importance of research to the University of Saskatchewan was highlighted by the establishment of a Vice-President (Research) position. Formerly, the position had been at the Associate Vice-President level. Dr. Michael Corcoran, a scholar in physiological psychology and neuropsychopharmacology, was appointed to the post. The University attracts research funds from a variety of sources, including the provincial and federal governments, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, and industry.

45. ISNAR Biotechnology Service - Agricultural Biotechnology Initiatives Table PRIORITIES, AGRICULTURAL FOCUS. (crop / livestock). REGION /. COUNTRY. FOCUS.CROP biotechnology PROGRAMS, Asia. livestock biotechnology PROGRAMS, http://www.isnar.cgiar.org/ibs/komenan1.htm

Topics Publications Electronic Library Training Materials ... Publications Annex 1. International Biotechnology Initiatives Intro Activities Publications Staff ... Education and Outreach Komen, J. 1997. International Initiatives in Agri-food Biotechnology. Chapter prepared for the volume "Biotechnology Worldwide". Forthcoming. return to executive summary Annex 1. Summary of International Agricultural Biotechnology Initiatives NAME (host institution) PRIORITIES AGRICULTURAL FOCUS (crop / livestock) REGION / COUNTRY FOCUS CROP BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS Agricultural Biotechnology for Sustainable Productivity, ABSP (Michigan State University, USA) Bean/Cowpea Collaborative Research Support Program, B/C CRSP (various US universities) Center for the Application of Molecular Biology to International Agriculture, CAMBIA CATIE - Biotechnology Research Unit (Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza, Costa Rica) CIAT - Biotechnology Research Unit (International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Colombia) CIMMYT - Applied Biotechnology Center (International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement, Mexico)

46. Biotechnology For Developing-Country Agriculture Problems And OPPORTUNITIES PRESENTED BY NEW biotechnology AND IMMUNOLOGY Vaccines developedusing rinderpest, and other epidemic viral diseases that affect livestock. http://www.ifpri.org/2020/focus/focus02/focus02_03.htm

IFPRI Home 2020 Vision 2020 Vision Resources Catalog 2020 Focus ... 2020 Focus 2: Biotechnology for Developing-Country Agriculture: Problems and Opportunities 2020 Focus 2 (Biotechnology for Developing-Country Agriculture: Problems and Opportunities), Brief 3 of 10, October 1999 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ANIMAL VACCINES W. Ivan Morrison OPPORTUNITIES PRESENTED BY NEW BIOTECHNOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY USE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY TO DEVELOP CANDIDATE VACCINES Two main approaches are being pursued to develop vaccines using recombinant DNA technology. The first of these involves the deletion of genes that determine virulence of the pathogen, thus producing attenuated organisms (nonpathogens) that can be used as live vaccines. With current technology, this strategy is more appropriate for viral and bacterial diseases than for parasites. Attenuated live vaccines have been developed for the herpes viruses that cause pseudorabies in pigs and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle. A number of candidate Salmonella vaccines have also been produced. An additional novel strategy developed to vaccinate against blood-sucking parasites involves the use of components of the gut wall of the parasites that are not usually exposed to the host’s immune system. Antibodies induced by the vaccine are ingested by the tick during feeding, causing destruction of the gut wall and death of the parasite. This strategy has been used successfully to develop a vaccine against the one-host tick Boophilus microplus.

47. Biotechnology For Developing-Country Agriculture Problems And Most biotechnologybased solutions for agriculture are likely to be deliveredin the form of new plant seeds or new strains of livestock. http://www.ifpri.org/2020/focus/focus02/focus02_01.htm

IFPRI Home 2020 Vision 2020 Vision Resources Catalog 2020 Focus ... 2020 Focus 2: Biotechnology for Developing-Country Agriculture: Problems and Opportunities 2020 Focus 2 (Biotechnology for Developing-Country Agriculture: Problems and Opportunities), Brief 1 of 10, October 1999 OVERVIEW Gabrielle J. Persley and John J. Doyle Today, almost a billion people live in absolute poverty and suffer from chronic hunger. Seventy percent of these individuals are farmers—men, women, and children—who eke out a living from small plots of poor soils, mainly in tropical environments that are increasingly prone to drought, flood, bushfires, and hurricanes. Crop yields in these areas are stagnant and epidemics of pests and weeds often ruin crops. Livestock suffer from parasitic diseases, some of which also affect humans. Inputs such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides are expensive, and the latter can affect the health of farm families, destroy wildlife, and contaminate water courses when used in excess. The only way families can grow more food and have a surplus for sale seems to be to clear more forest. Older children move to the city, where they, too, find it difficult to earn enough money to buy the food and medicine they need for themselves and their young children. As these detrimental social and environmental changes are occurring in the developing world, a revolution in biotechnology and associated information technology is improving the health, well-being, and lifestyle of the privileged and creating more wealth in a few rich countries. Can this revolution also be harnessed to serve the food and nutrition needs of the world's poor? What are the opportunities, problems, and risks involved with the new technologies and can they be managed? The last question is particularly pressing in light of the current controversy between the United States and the European Union over genetically modified foods. The benefits and risks of biotechnology weigh differently for food in areas of food surplus than they do for life-threatening diseases in those same areas.

48. AS414 Lecture 9 Animal Science 61243463, 1995. Donnelley, S. The ethical challenges ofanimal biotechnology. livestock Production Science 3691-98, 1993. http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/courses/as414/lectures/lecture9.html

Ethics and Animal Science - Lecture 9 ETHICAL DILEMMAS CONCERNING THE USE OF ANIMALS, WITH EMPHASIS ON DILEMMAS CREATED BY MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGY Motto "Whoever fights monsters should see to it that in the process he does not become a monster. And when you look long into the abyss, the abyss also looks into you." (Friedrich Neitzsche) I. DEFINITION Biotechnology Transgenic animals Genetic engineering II. Genetic Engineering Approaches Introduction of genetically engineered products into animals Introduction of new genes into the germ line of an animal Uses Agriculture Increased production and/or efficiency Disease resistance Assigned paper: Rollin, B.E. "Transgenic Animals" In: "The Experimental Animal in Biomedical Research". Vol II: 511-523. Rollin, B.E. and Kessel, M.L. editors. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995. Medicine Immunology Oncology Developmental Biology Somatic gene therapy Animal models for diseases and disease processes Molecular pharming III. Social and Moral Ethical Considerations Diminished Genetic Variation Increased danger of biological disasters Techniques misused on human beings Socio-economic risks Existing kinds of animals will be supplanted Animals treated as objects Important distinctions between species blurred Animal welfare will be threatened Animal integrity is lost IV. Scientific ideology and the denial of ethics in science

49. Bio-2--Careers In Biotechnology Explains what the field is, course requirements, and types of jobs that involve this type of training.Category Business biotechnology and Pharmaceuticals Careers...... transplant patients. Topics. biotechnology in Veterinary Medicine, AnimalScience, and livestock Production. Veterinarians and professionals http://www.biotech.iastate.edu/biotech_info_series/bio2.html

Topics Biotechnology A Definition of Biotechnology Biotechnology and Your Career Careers in Biotechnology Research ... Topics Biotechnology Biotechnology is one of the most exciting new sciences of this century! The discovery that DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the carrier of the genetic code for any form of life, can be transferred into any other form of life opens the door to a multitude of possibilities for genetically modified plants, animals, and microbes not found on earth-until now. A career that is impacted by biotechnology is not just a job. It is an invitation to participate in the development of new products and processes that could improve the quality of human life as much as any other discovery since the Industrial Revolution. Welcome to the "Biological Revolution"! Topics A Definition of Biotechnology One definition of biotechnology is "the deliberate manipulation of DNA molecules to produce commercial products from living organisms." All life is composed of cells that contain genes, and genes are made of DNA molecules. DNA contains information used by cells as a "blueprint" or plan for the animal, plant, or other organism. All the characteristics, or traits, of any living thing are determined by the information in the DNA plan. Scientists are learning how to transfer genes from one animal, plant, or other organism into another. Theoretically, almost any trait found in nature can be transferred into any chosen organism, even if it has never had this trait before. This process, called genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology, is an important aspect of biotechnology. It can be used to produce modified crop plants, livestock, proteins, vaccines, and drugs.

50. International Livestock Research Institute (PUBLICATIONS) biotechnology research aims for bettertargeted, more environmentally friendly approachesto alleviating the disease constraints facing smallholder livestock http://www.cgiar.org/ilri/pubs/a-report/ar97.cfm

ILRI Investors News About ILRI / Jobs Research ... publications ILRI 1997: Livestock, People and the Environment Contents Foreword Board of Trustees (pdf 11k) ILRI's investors in 1997 (pdf 5k) ILRI's addresses (pdf 7k) ... Financial Summary (pdf 91k) Foreword Demand for meat and milk is projected to double by the year 2020. These increases will primarily be in developing countries. Two-thirds of the world's livestock are found in developing countries and most are owned by rural smallholders. Increased demand for livestock products should enable smallholder livestock producers to increase their income. And consumers in developing countries, who will be increasingly urban, will also benefit if increased supplies of livestock products are available and affordable. Research to improve livestock productivity will, therefore, benefit both producers and consumers of livestock products. But increasing productivity is not sufficient. The challenges to maintaining environmental quality and managing natural resources must be addressed as well. Again, research can help meet these environmental challenges. The thread that ties together the articles in this Annual Report is 'Livestock, people and the environment'. The placing of 'people' in the middle is deliberate. People, their needs, their hopes and their desires for a better life are central to efforts aimed at protecting or enhancing the environment. If they are not given this central role, such efforts are doomed to fail.

51. International Livestock Research Institute (LINKS) Genetics Centre for Genetic Improvement of livestock, Canada Part of the Ontario withthe the latest information on genomes, gene therapy and biotechnology; http://www.cgiar.org/ilri/links/links.cfm

Home Page News About ILRI / Jobs Research ... Intranet links L I N K S Africa Agriculture search Animal science Biomedical, veterinary, parasitology and vaccine research ... Volunteers and the developing world Africa African Cultures Annotated list of websites on various African subjects Africa News Online News from Africa News Service (non-profit, based in U.S.A.); more than 60 sources, including 40 African news organisations; 200 stories added each day Africa Recovery You may order back print issues of the quarterly newsletter Africa Recovery, published by the United Nations Department of Public Information with support from UNDP from the Africa Recovery website Africa South of the Sahara Annotated links to websites on various African subjects. From Stanford University BBC News Africa Historical Maps of Africa The Perry-Castañeda library map collection, University of Texas at Austin Science in Africa The first edition of Science in Africa was published in January 2001. It brings science from across Africa, the facts, the issues, the expert views. It brings details on science events, conferences, competitions and jobs The Story of Africa The Story of Africa tells the history of the continent from an African perspective. Africa's top historians take a fresh look at the events and characters that have shaped the continent from the origins of humankind to the end of South African apartheid. See the rise and fall of empires and kingdoms, experience the power of religion, the injustices of slavery, and chart the expansion of trade between Africa and other continents. Hear what it was like to live under colonialism, follow the struggle against it, and celebrate the achievement of independence

52. Canadian Food Inspection Agency - Office Of Biotechnology - The Consultation on Regulating livestock Animals and Fish Derived from biotechnology was held on November 2nd and 3rd, 1998, at the Citadel Inn in Ottawa http://www.cfia-acia.agr.ca/english/ppc/biotech/consult/consulte.shtml

53. NIHERST: Publications Theme biotechnology; livestock; bananas; forestry; horticulture;agricultural research management; agricultural waste management. http://www.niherst.gov.tt/publications/agriculture.htm

About Us Science Popularisation Accreditation Publications ... Contact Us Agriculture Agricultural Seminar Proceedings Since 1987 NIHERST has hosted an agricultural seminar to facilitate the dissemination of agricultural research findings. The title of the agricultural seminar has changed over the years: Annual Seminar on Agricultural Research Seminar on Agricultural Research and Development The following is a list of available proceedings: Annual Seminar on Agricultural Research. - 1st (1987) - Port of Spain [Trinidad and Tobago]: NIHERST. Annual Seminar on Agricultural Research. - 2nd (1988) - Port of Spain [Trinidad and Tobago]: NIHERST. Annual Seminar on Agricultural Research. - 3rd (1989) - Port of Spain [Trinidad and Tobago]: NIHERST. Theme : Crop protection (entomology and pathology); animal protection; biotechnology; tree crops and herbs. Annual Seminar on Agricultural Research. - 4th (1990) - Port of Spain [Trinidad and Tobago]: NIHERST. Theme : Biotechnology; livestock; bananas; forestry; horticulture; agricultural research management; agricultural waste management Annual Seminar on Agricultural Research.

54. Agricultural Biotechnology Moreover, agricultural crops and livestock products contaminated by environmentalpollutants are closely linked to the safety of food and, thus, human health. http://plaza.snu.ac.kr/~agbiotek/english/researchtopics13.html

Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 ... Unit 16 Research Unit 13 Safety Studies on Food and Environment 1. Significance of Research Tremendous organic and inorganic chemicals synthesized for industries, agriculture, food, and medicine, while promoting the welfare of mankind, also are the cause of severe environmental pollution. Moreover, agricultural crops and livestock products contaminated by environmental pollutants are closely linked to the safety of food and, thus, human health. As these areas of study use laboratory animal, various cell lines, animal cell-derived receptors or enzymes, veterinarians play a key role in conducting such researches. All types of water such as brook, lake and mountain stream in Korea have been drinkable up through the 1960s. However, non-disinfected water cannot be used for drinking purposes anymore due to the environmental contamination. Thus, food and environmental contaminations became a social problem. Recent social issues of dioxin in animal feed, DOP in milk, and endosulfan in beef are the prototype of such examples. Moreover, endocrine disrupters such as PCB, DDT, styrene dimers, bisphenol A, alkyl phenols, phthalate, and heavy metals give rise to the environmental problems in Korea.

55. Roslin Institute, Edinburgh strategy of developing research relevant to the biotechnology industry. Roslin hasactive programmes in the genetic modification of livestock, chickens and mice http://www.roslin.ac.uk/research/transgenics.html

take me to... people history genomics and bioinformatics transgenics and biotechnology animal breeding animal welfare and behaviour opportunities collaborations spin-outs news archive press releases cloning animal welfare and behaviour animal breeding genetic modification education vacancies directions genomics and bioinformatics transgenics and biotechnology animal breeding animal welfare and behaviour ... Research articles Genetic Modification Roslin Institute is a world leader in the development of methods for genetically modifying mice and farm animals for biomedical applications and our success in developing transgenic technology has formed the basis of a wider strategy of developing research relevant to the biotechnology industry. Roslin has active programmes in the genetic modification of livestock, chickens and mice. Until recently genetically modified cattle, sheep and pigs could only be made by directly injecting new DNA sequences into a fertilised egg. Such pro-nuclear injection is inefficient and gives no control over where in the chromosome the introduced gene is integrated. Often multiple copies are introduced and both these factors cause highly unpredictable levels of expression. Importantly pro-nuclear injection can only add genes. The ability to clone animals from cultured cells by nuclear transfer means that it is now possible to introduce precise genetic changes in livestock and genes have now been both added and deleted to sheep using this technology. The development of efficient and reliable methods to allow, for example, the deletion of both copies of a gene will require further improvements in methodology and the extension of cell-based methods to other species, in particular birds, involves major technical challenges.

56. Animal Science Study Options - Oklahoma State University biotechnology. Modern livestock production does now, and will continue,to utilize biotechnology in many forms. Trained professionals http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/information/options.htm

ANIMAL SCIENCE STUDY OPTIONS Undergraduate students majoring in Animal Science may choose one of eleven different options. Within each of these options, students specialize in one or more of the six species groups by choosing appropriate production courses. The Business option is designed for students interested in modern livestock production, management and business. The current economic climate in agriculture demands that graduates be well-trained in both the business aspects of livestock production and modern livestock management. Students who combine good livestock skills with a sense of business management will be uniquely qualified for management of livestock operations; sales, promotion and management of support industries such as feed, health products or agricultural chemicals; involvement in financial institutions and many other opportunities. The Production option prepares students for intensive livestock management as required by modern poultry, swine and dairy operations. In addition to courses related to the principles of genetic improvement, feeding and reproduction, students learn about pest management, business management and crop production. Consequently, students in the Production option participate in a balanced educational program that prepares them for intensive livestock management. The Ranch Operations option is designed for those with a specific interest in ranching and beef cattle production, particularly cow-calf and stocker operations. In addition to Animal Science courses in livestock production and management, this option also utilizes a number of supportive courses in forage production, including range management. If elective hours are utilized for business courses, this option combines three important aspects of successful ranch operation: livestock management, forage production and business.

57. Synergy Vol 2 No 2: SABC Revolutionises Crop And Livestock Production Crop and livestock production is being revolutionised in Australia using modern isthe Murdoch Universitybased State Agricultural biotechnology Centre (SABC http://wwwcomm.murdoch.edu.au/synergy/9802/sabc.html

SABC revolutionises crop and livestock production Volume 2 No 2 Winter 1998 other resources at Murdoch Crop and livestock production is being revolutionised in Australia using modern gene technology to improve the efficiency and accuracy of plant and animal breeding. Among the agencies at the forefront of this gene technology revolution is the Murdoch University-based State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC) which was recently awarded $350,000 from the WA Department of Commerce and Trade's Centres Of Excellence Programme to continue its groundbreaking work and construct a new 24-place laboratory. An additional $100,000 is being provided by the University. SABC Director Professor Mike Jones said the Centre provided world-class facilities, expertise, training, research and development. "The SABC laboratories house 48 resident researchers and provide access to equipment for a further 50 non-resident researchers, and up to 16 Agriculture WA staff in the associated AGWA Biotechnology Laboratory," said Professor Jones. Professor Jones said the SABC's researchers were working on the genetic engineering of crop plants for resistance to pests and diseases ranging from nematodes, (the animal parasites of plants), to viral and fungal diseases.

58. CVM To Cosponsor Public Symposium On Livestock Cloning TO COSPONSOR PUBLIC SYMPOSIUM ON livestock CLONING. FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine(CVM) and the Pew Initiative on Food and biotechnology are cosponsoring http://www.fda.gov/cvm/index/updates/clonesym.htm

Search 2002 CVM Updates June 13, 2002 CVM TO COSPONSOR PUBLIC SYMPOSIUM ON LIVESTOCK CLONING FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) and the Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology are cosponsoring a symposium entitled "Animal Cloning and the Production of Food Products Perspectives from the Food Chain." The symposium, to be held on September 26, 2002, will follow a two-day symposium being held by the Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology entitled "Biotech in the Barnyard: Implications of Genetically Engineered Animals." Both symposia will be held at the Adolphus Hotel, 1321 Commerce Street, Dallas, Texas. The goal of the animal cloning symposium is to provide a forum for an exchange of perspectives among the various stakeholders in animal cloning, including both brief presentations and moderated question and answer sessions. Perspectives will be shared from companies that make and sell clones, animal producers, processors, retailers, and consumers of foods derived from clones. Only cloning intended to copy animals that are not genetically engineered will be considered at the symposium, as genetic engineering in animals is the subject of the preceding two-day meeting.

59. Agtrade.org- Trade In The Market Of Biotechnological Livestock market situation in the biotechnology sector by comparing and contrasting the experiencesin the GM crops industry with the potential for a GM livestock sector http://www.agtrade.org/digests/digest36.htm

Trade in the Market of Biotechnological Livestock Products and the Theory of Intermediary Firms by Peter W.B. Phillips and Morteza Haghiri While this paper is a preliminary application of the theory of market microstructure and intermediary firms that needs to be applied more concretely to a variety of markets involving both GM and non-GM products to determine its general applicability, the paper offers a new and potentially useful framework for analyzing markets in the making. Click here for Full Article (139 KB) our mission weekly news trade policy environment ... home Questions? Comments? Contact info@agtrade.org How are we doing? Please complete our online survey.

60. U.S. Regulatory Process Ensures Food Safety, Officials Say said. Applications of biotechnology in livestock include its useto breed higherproducing dairy cows. Medically, biotechnology http://www.useu.be/Categories/Biotech/Nov1302AgricultureBiotechnologySafety.html

U.S. Regulatory Process Ensures Food Safety, Officials Say Date November 13, 2002 By Kathryn McConnell, Washington File Staff Writer The United States has one of the most highly developed food regulatory process in the world, making the U.S. food supply among the safest, according to two U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) senior scientists. In a recent briefing on agricultural biotechnology at USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) headquarters in Maryland, Peter Bretting and John Radin said foreign scientists and journalists visiting ARS facilities throughout the United States "light up" when they learn about the broad scope of risk assessments used in the United States during the development of genetically engineered varieties of crops, livestock and fish that promise to help meet the world's growing food security needs. The U.S. system serves "as a model" for other countries developing agricultural and food research centers, said Radin, who recently spoke to the South Korean Ministry of Agriculture on how the United States monitors and assesses the products of agricultural biotechnology. Three federal agencies are responsible for regulating different aspects of agricultural biotechnology in the United States. USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) regulates the movement, importation and field testing of genetically engineered plants, livestock and microorganisms. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates foods and feed derived from new genetically-engineered crop varieties. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the use of pesticides, and therefore has responsibility for regulating crops genetically-engineered for improved forms of pest resistance, the officials noted.

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