41. Kids' Questions What causes blindness? There are many things which cause blindness. Back to Top.Will I learn more about blindness if I close my eyes or wear a blindfold? http://www.nfb.org/kids.htm

We receive many letters and questions from children who wish to learn more about blindness. It is important for blind children to learn that blindness will not prevent them from living happy and normal lives, and so blind children need to learn from good blind adult role models. We have developed this list of some of the most often asked questions by blind children, and we think it is just as important for sighted children, too. Who was Louis Braille? The Braille system of reading and writing was developed by a Frenchman named Louis Braille when he was just a boy. He became blind through an accident, and he discovered that trying to read raised letters was much too slow. He wanted a faster way for blind people to read and write. He modeled Braille after a system of codes used by the military, and then he expanded his system. For more information about Louis Braille, please visit your school or public library. Who was Helen Keller? Helen Keller was both deaf and blind. Although she had to fight to get the opportunity, she graduated from Radcliffe College. She wrote several books and worked hard to improve opportunities for the deaf and the blind. At the time when she lived, people who were both deaf and blind did not have very many opportunities. Now there is better education, training, employment, and other opportunities for the deaf-blind. You can learn more about Helen Keller from your school or public library. Back to Top What is Braille?

42. Blindness Statistics Link to new windowSite Map Contact Us Logo link to NFB home blindness Statistics.January 7, 2000. JVIB Kirchner Schneidler, 1997). Cost of blindness http://www.nfb.org/stats.htm

Blindness Statistics January 7, 2000 Prevalence: Number of blind persons in this country: 1.1 million (AFB Sept./Oct. JVIB Milbank Quarterly Number of blind school age children: 93,600 updated: October 2002 Above number includes deaf-blind school age children: 10,800 updated: October 2002 Number of blind seniors, 65 and over (3.5% of the population 65 and over): 787,691 (Chiang, et al., 1992) Projected number of seniors who will be blind: Year 2015: 1.6 million Year 2030: 2.4 million Employment: Number of working age blind who are unemployed: 74% (AFB Sept./Oct. JVIB Cost of blindness: Estimated annual costs of blindness to the federal government: $4 billion (Prevent Blindness America, 1994) Cost of a lifetime of support and unpaid taxes for one blind person: $916,000 E-mail: webmaster@nfb.org Updated:October 30, 2002

43. Vischeck: Home See the world as color blind people see it. Also simulates the effects of distance and different monitor Category Health Conditions and Diseases Color blindness...... keywords color blind, colour blind, color blindness, colour blindness, deuteranope,protanope, dichromat, tritanope, deuteranopia, dichromacy, protanopia, cone http://www.vischeck.com/

Home Vischeck Daltonize Examples Downloads ... People What our users say: This "Daltonize" thing is mind blowing!!! I've taken those Ishihara tests and generally never saw anything but dots, suddenly it is clear. I know the Gauguin painting but never knew the details that were in it. The immunoflourescence pictures you show look like N. Kedersha's. Until now I never did truly understand what she was showing. I'm 54 years old and never knew what I was missing. -David M. Vischeck simulates colorblind vision. Daltonize corrects images for colorblind viewers. Want to know what we're up to? Join our mailing list . Contact: info@vischeck.com . Last modified 2003-Feb-19 19:15 GMT. And now a word from our sponsor... keywords: color blind, colour blind, color blindness, colour blindness, deuteranope, protanope, dichromat, tritanope, deuteranopia, dichromacy, protanopia, cone, photoreceptor, dalton, cure, daltonisme, farbenblind, daltonismo, colormax, chromagen, nagel, ishihara, unique yellow, color confusion, colour confusion, disability, accessibility, human factor, dyschomatopsie

44. The Project For Children And Youth With Deaf And Blindness The IPCYDB seeks to enhance the quality of educational and communitybased services for infants, toddlers, children, and youth in Idaho who are deaf-blind. http://www.boise.uidaho.edu/hosted/ipcydb/

Announcement- Western Symposium on Rehabilitation and Deafness April 9-11, 2003 Seattle, Washington Contact: Cheryl D. Davis Regional Resource Center on Deafness Western Oregon University 345 N. Monmouth Avenue Monmouth, OR 97361 503-838-8642(V/TTY) FAX: 503-838-8228 E-mail: davisc@wou.edu http://www.wou.edu/wrocc The Idaho Project for Children and Youth with Deaf-Blindness (IPCYDB) seeks to enhance the quality of educational and community based services for infants, toddlers, children, and youth in Idaho who are deaf-blind. The term "deaf-blindness" can be misleading to people who do not understand its’ varying degrees. The federal definition of deaf-blindness states, "children and youth having auditory and visual impairments, the combination of which creates such severe communication and other developmental and learning needs that they cannot be appropriately educated without special education and related services, beyond those that would be provided solely for children with hearing impairments, visual

45. RRTC On Blindness And Low Vision RRTC Logo The Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on blindnessand Low Vision The RRTC was established in October, 1981 http://www.blind.msstate.edu/

The Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Blindness and Low Vision The RRTC was established in October, 1981 through support from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) of the U.S. Department of Education, and is the nation's only RRTC studying blindness and low vision. Continuous renewal of NIDRR support since 1981 reaffirms the U.S. government's commitment to the Center's mission. Our mission..... is to enhance employment and independent living outcomes for individuals who are blind or visually impaired through research, training, education, and dissemination. This entire site is For information regarding this site's content, e-mail B. J. LeJeune: BJLeJeune@Colled.MsState.Edu Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Blindness and Low Vision Last Modified: Monday, Jan 16, 2003 14:48:35 CST Page maintained by Srivastava Nitin Mississippi State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution. s="na";c="na";j="na";f=""+escape(document.referrer)

46. Welcome To The Foundation Fighting Blindness - Canada, Welcome To The Foundation The The Foundation Fighting blindness Canada promotes and supports research directedto finding the cause, developing a treatment and a cure, for RP and http://www.rpresearch.ca/

Foundation Fighting Blindness - Canada - High Contrast Format Printer Friendly Format Web Design by Pinnacle Communications Group Inc. Toronto, Canada 1-877-PINCOMM (746-2666)

47. Macular Degeneration BLIND PRESS - Thomas A. Gonzales Author/Publisher With Macu A selfhelp book for people experiencing vision loss, especially due to Macular Degeneration. This blind writer/publisher also has made this a valuable resource for people coping with other losses. Blind Press. http://maxpages.com/blindpress

Home Wall Of Fog Mr Macular Degenerate Contact and Ordering Info ... Valley Center For The Blind BLIND PRESS Thomas A. Gonzales Author/Publisher with Macular Degeneration "Specializing in" LARGE PRINT BOOKS" "Never in my wildest imagination did I conceive the idea that I might become visually impaired or blind" - Thomas A. Gonzales Books Currently Available "Wall of Fog: Struggle With Blindness" (Self-help book) NEW RELEASE **: Mr. Macular Degenerate (Book of Humorous True Blind Stories) "Wall of Fog: Struggle With Blindness" is a true story about Macular Degeneration...and how to cope with it. At the age of 50, I developed Macular Degeneration . Within six weeks, my eyes hemorrhaged and I became legally blind. Laser surgery did not help. I experienced traumatic behavorial changes. I was motivated to write "Wall of Fog" because I am a survivor. I believe that my personal experience of becoming blind or severally visually impaired will help someone gain insight in their own particular way. The emphasis of this book is Macular Degeneration "Wall of Fog: Struggle with Blindness" is in Large Print or is also available on Cassette.

48. WHO Prevention Of Blindness And Deafness textonly. go to blindness prevention. go to trachoma prevention new.gif(975 bytes). CONTACTS E-mail for queries on blindness click here. http://www.who.int/pbd/

text-only Français English CONTACTS: E-mail for queries on Blindness click here E-mail for queries on Trachoma click here E-mail for queries on Deafness click here © WHO/OMS, 1997 Acknowledgements

49. CNN - Spelling Bee Contestant Doesn't Let Blindness Get In Her Way - May 28, 199 CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/US/9805/28/blind.ambition/

MAIN PAGE WORLD ASIANOW U.S. ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pagenet DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: Spelling bee contestant doesn't let blindness get in her way Jessica Barr May 28, 1998 Web posted at: 10:05 p.m. EDT (0205 GMT) From Correspondent Kyoko Altman WASHINGTON (CNN) Thirteen-year-old Jessica Barr came from Rockland, Massachusetts, to Washington with a mission win the national spelling bee, despite the obstacles that being blind puts in her way. Chief among them is the fact that Merriam Webster the maker of the dictionary every contestant relies on as a vital study aid doesn't offer a version in Braille. So Jessica instead studied with tapes that her mother and friends created 100 hours worth of recordings. She worked extra hard, a total of eight hours every day, both before and after a full day in public school. "I can do a lot of things that people might not think a blind person can do, like skiing," she said. She also roller-skates, rides horses and is an active member of the Girl Scouts.

50. WHO Prevention Of Blindness PREVENTION OF blindness. There More (much more) on Programme's activitieshere . Data on visual impairment. GLOBAL DATA ON blindness. A http://www.who.int/pbd/pbl/pbl_home.htm

PREVENTION OF BLINDNESS There are today some 150 million people world-wide with visual disability, in need of social, vocational, economic or rehabilitative support services. Some 40 million persons are blind and cannot walk about unaided. This figure could double over the next 25 years, unless decisive public health action is taken. Objective of WHO's Prevention of Blindness Data on visual impairments Voluntary contributions/donations Publications ... Back to PBD home page Comments/suggestions are welcome here updated: 25-Mar-2003 Activities Support to National committees and/or programmes for the prevention of blindness development ; these have been set up in some 110 countries, where blindness constitute a public health problem. Development of strategies for treatment of blinding diseases. Strengthening of eye care. Development of appropriate technology. Training and research. Blindness prevention must be integral part of primary health care, and a primary eye care component has been developed by WHO programme to this effect. Development of human resources has been oriented towards the optimal use of auxiliary personnel, with specific developments for "ophthalmic assistants" in many developing countries.

51. CNN - Researchers Find Gene That Causes Stargardt Blindness - Mar. 3, 1997 CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9703/03/blindness.gene/

Researchers find gene that causes Stargardt blindness March 3, 1997 Web posted at: 2:40 p.m. EST FREDERICK, Maryland (CNN) Researchers have pinpointed a gene that causes Stargardt disease, a rare, inherited form of macular degeneration that strikes younger people. The discovery may lead to the development of a test for the disease, which causes blindness in 25,000 young Americans, and new treatments for macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in Americans over 60 years old. The study was published Sunday in the March issue of Nature Genetics by 19 researchers from the University of Utah's Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Johns Hopkins University and the National Cancer Institute. Geneticist Mark Leppert, who heads the Utah team, is hopeful the discovery will lead to a test for the Stargardt disease. Presently there is no such test. The victims, commonly between ages 6 and 15, will complain of poor vision, but doctors often are unable to determine the cause until the disease has worsened. Within five years, the victim has lost central reading vision and is legally blind. Leppert hopes the discovery will also provide clues about what causes the more common form of macular degeneration in older people.

52. Introduction To IAPB-International Agency For The Prevention Of Blindness Leads an international effort in mobilising resources for blindness prevention activities.Category Health Conditions and Diseases blindness Organizations...... Enter . Site Maintained by. http://www.iapb.org/

Enter Site Maintained by

53. HBO: HBO Films: Hysterical Blindness HBO Its not TV. Its HBO. SEARCH HBO. http://www.hbo.com/films/hystericalblindness/

SEARCH HBO HOME ORIGINAL SERIES MOVIES SPORTS ... BACK TO HBO FILMS > HYSTERICAL BLINDNESS SCHEDULE SYNOPSIS CAST AND CREW PHOTOS AND VIDEO ... BULLETIN BOARDS Watch Trailer: QuickTime RealPlayer Uma Thurman, Gena Rowlands and Juliette Lewis HBO INFO JOBS AT HBO CONTACT US SITE INDEX ... TRY AOL 8.0

54. An Overview Of Retinitis Pigmentosa Information on night blindness, including the relationship between retinal degenerative diseases and the retina as well as basics on genetics and heredity. http://www.geocities.com/retinitis_pigmentosa_rp

Retinitis Pigmentosa var site="sm5retinitis" An overview of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of hereditary diseases that causes the degeneration of the retina. Often called night blindness, retinitis pigmentosa may develop in a family where either one parent or both parents are affected or where there is seemingly no familial history of the disease. In other cases, RP is observed in only the males of the family. Typically, symptoms start in childhood and early adolescents. They include decreased ability to see in dim light such as movie theaters or ball games, night blindness and bumping into or tripping over objects. There may also be loss of color vision and the inability to focus or see objects in detail. The symptoms experienced depend entirely on the type of retinitis pigmentosa. Long-term affects of RP include so called 'tunnel vision'. This loss of peripheral vision is usually gradual, reducing the visual field to a narrow area of the eye, directly in front of the individual. In many cases, people with retinitis pigmentosa are considered 'legally blind' by the time they're 40. In cases where retinitis pigmentosa and hearing loss or deafness occur, there is a chance of Ushers Syndrome. Ushers Syndrome is an inherited disease affecting 3-6 % of the deaf and is usually diagnosed in childhood.

55. Face Blind! Bill's Face Blindness (Prosopagnosia) Pages - Introduction A personal account of face blindness (prosopagnosia), by a sufferer.Category Science Social Sciences Cognitive Science......The world's only book about face blindness (prosopagnosia), the inabilityto tell people apart. Preface. This is the world's first http://www.choisser.com/faceblind/

Preface This is the world's first (and to date only) book about face blindness. It has been published on the Internet so people in all lands can have access to it readily, and so it can be continuously updated. In these pages, you will find information, much of which is not available anywhere else at this time. Until people with this rare condition began to meet each other on the Internet in mid-1996, assembling this kind of information would not have been possible. Even researchers who have had hopes of specializing in this condition have been frustrated by having seen only a handful of subjects over a lifetime. With the advent of the Internet, face blind people are coming together in heretofore unheard of numbers, and much is being learned with each passing month. This document was first published as "Bill's Face Blindness Pages" in January, 1997, based on information learned in the fall of 1996. Since then, it has grown considerably, to become the document you will now see. Face Blind!

56. MaorArt - Haim Maor's Art Gallery Virtual gallery of paintings, photographs and installations. Subjects include memory, holocaust and blindness. Includes exhibitions listing. http://www.maorart.com

MaorArt - Haim Maor's art Gallery Haim Maor's site icludes paintings, photography and installations in various subjects such as memory, the jewish tradition, the holocaust and blindness. Israeli Artist, photography, paintings, installation, wood, cloth, haim maor, online gallery, exhibitions, Holocaust, shoa, personal exhibits, pictures, photos, installation, jewish, jew, contemporary, visual artist, fine art, portraits, second generation Click here to enter http://www16.brinkster.com/agmon/ mydomain.com - Register your domain name

57. Hendrickson, Richard Brooks - A Portion Of Sky Series of Haiku and poetic verse. Topics include art, music, philosophy, blindness, gay issues, and aging. http://hendricksonpoems.com

58. JVIB (Journal Of Visual Impairment & Blindness) AFB Journals JVIB. Journal of Visual Impairment blindness (JVIB). JVIB points of interest http://www.afb.org/jvib.asp

American Foundation for the Blind fulfilling Helen Keller's vision AFB Journals My AFB New! Site Search About Us ... AFB Journals JVIB JVIB points of interest: Subscribers only How to subscribe Contact the editor Contact the advertising department Information for Authors Guidelines for Contributors Calls for Papers (General) Calls for Papers (Special Issue on Technology) Masthead ... Contents and Abstracts Note: To read the full text of JVIB issues, you need to be a subscriber. As part of your paid subscription, you are now entitled to receive JVIB Online absolutely free. When you follow the Subscribers only link you will be asked to enter your user name and password. The is the international, interdisciplinary journal of record on blindness and visual impairment that publishes scholarship and information and serves as a forum for the exchange of ideas, airing of controversies, and discussion of issues. JVIB is a monthly publication that includes research articles, as well as shorter pieces of interest to practitioners and extensive news coverage about the field of visual impairment. Features include: Articles: Major articles that present cutting-edge research and innovative practice techniques.

59. Color-Blind Design Evaluation This online tool shows you what your sites and colors look like to colorblind people. Also, find out about the different types of color-blindness. http://newmanservices.com/colorblind

60. American Foundation For The Blind Access your online subscriptions to AccessWorld™ Technology and People withVisual Impairments and the Journal of Visual Impairment blindness. http://www.afb.org/

Search: My AFB New! Site Search About Us ... Section 1: Information Locate the information you need on blindness and low vision Helen Keller , and such issues as advocacy aging and vision loss education employment ... technology , and web accessibility Section 2: Directory of Services Search the AFB Directory of Services for Blind and Visually Impaired Persons in the United States and Canada to find organizations that provide services to people who are blind or visually impaired and their families. The Directory is also available in a subscriber version that offers full descriptions and more sophisticated searches. Section 3: Community Share your ideas and experiences using our message boards . You can also search job listings , view the calendar of events and announcements , and connect with people who share your interests. Section 4: Bookstore Shop at AFB's fully accessible and secure online bookstore! Browse AFB Press's complete catalog , order books and videos, subscribe to journals , and more. Create your own account for Fast Checkouts, and be sure to check out our

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