81. UMHS - Cervical Cancer Bladder, Cervix, Kidney, Ovaries, Prostate, Testicles and Uterus cervical cancer. Whatis cervical cancer? What are the symptoms of cervical cancer? http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/cancer/renal08.htm

Cancer Information Health Topics A-Z Bladder, Cervix, Kidney, Ovaries, Prostate, Testicles and Uterus Cervical Cancer What is cervical cancer? What are the symptoms of cervical cancer? How is cervical cancer treated? How can I get more information about cervical cancer? ... How can I get more information about the U-M Comprehensive Cancer Center? What is cervical cancer? Cervical cancer is a disease where cancer cells are found in the cervix, the narrow section of the uterus (womb) that leads to the vagina (birth canal). Cervical cancer is seen more frequently among women who have had sex at an early age, multiple sex partners, who have contracted sexually transmitted disease , or who smoke . It tends to occur when women are in their 40's and 50's. Women should start getting regular Pap tests by the age of 18 or when sexual activity begins, whichever occurs first. Regular Pap tests allow abnormal cell changes in the cervix to be detected early and treated before cancer develops. What are the symptoms of cervical cancer?

82. Member Sign In In This Article, References. Contemporary Issues in Gynecology, Obstetricsand Women's Health Immunization Against cervical cancer Who? When? Where? http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/444979

If you are having trouble logging in: In order to use Medscape, your browser must be set to accept "cookies." To find out how to adjust your browser settings, please click here Log In Username Password Forgot your password? Not a Member? Register Now for free access to: MEDLINE (Optimized for Physicians) 200+ Free CME Courses 25 Medical Specialty Sites 100+ Medical Journals Conference Coverage Daily Medical News About Medscape Help WebMD Health

83. Page Error Results of a pooled analysis of 11 casecontrol studies provide robust estimatesof the level of risk of cervical cancer associated with 30 different human http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/448954

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84. HealthChoices -- Report Cards To Help You Compare And Choose Health Plans cervical cancer Screening. Cervical cervical cancer, one of the mostcommon malignancies in women, is nearly 100% preventable. There http://www.healthchoices.org/StayingHealthy/4.asp

Cervical Cancer Screening Cervical cancer screening rates improved dramatically in 2000, increasing more than 6% to 78.1%. This represents one of the largest increases in the national average of a mature HEDIS measure ever observed. C What we measure and why The HEDIS Cervical Cancer Screening measure estimates the percentage of women age 21 - 64 who were enrolled in a health plan and who had one Papanicolau (Pap) test during measurement year or the two years prior. This is an important measure because: Half of all women newly diagnosed with cervical cancer have not had a Pap test in the past five years. The cervical cancer rate for all U.S. women is about 8/100,000, with the highest age-adjusted incidence rate in Vietnamese-American women (43/100,000). Rates of 15/100,000 or higher occur among Alaska natives, Korean-American, and Hispanic women. Poor women may be less likely to have ever received a Pap test. It is important to continue to screen women as they get older, because the incidence of cervical cancer increases with age. (However, screening women with a history of negative results after age 65 is not recommended.) 15% of women with cervical cancer develop it before the age of 30. Women with risk factors for cervical cancer between the ages 30 and 40 can develop carcinoma in situ if they do not have regular gynecologic examinations. Untested women between the ages of 40 and 50 are at risk for developing invasive cancer.

85. CBS News | How To Prevent Cervical Cancer | May 14, 2002 16:24:44 Email This StoryE-mail This Story Printable VersionPrintable VersionHow To Prevent cervical cancer April 24, 2002 (CBS/AP), (CBS http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/05/09/earlyshow/contributors/emilysenay/main

CBSNews.com U.S. World Politics ... CBS News i-Video May 14, 2002 16:24:44 Living HealthWatch Leisure Series ... Section Front E-mail This Story Printable Version How To Prevent Cervical Cancer April 24, 2002 (CBS/AP) (CBS) Cervical cancer is one of the most treatable cancers when detected early, and there are new guidelines to help doctors get the most out of the latest screening techniques, Dr. Emily Senay reports for The Early Show. Take a CBSNews.com Interactive look at Cancer: Learn about the most common cancers, who gets them and how they are treated. Discover how the disease attacks the human body and which cancers are the leading killers. Click Here. The following are Dr. Senay's answers to frequently asked questions: What's the best way to avoid cervical cancer? The best test to detect the earliest stages of cervical cancer is extremely effective. The pap test or the pap smear is still the gold standard. It involves taking a swab of cell samples from the cervix and testing them for precancerous changes that might signal the early development of cancer. If cervical cancer is caught early, it can be treated very successfully in most cases. The importance of screening is highlighted by the statistics. Cervical cancer kills more than 4,000 women in the U.S. each year. And 13,000 new cases are diagnosed every year. Of those newly-diagnosed women, 50 percent have never had a pap test, and another 10 percent haven't had a pap test within five years of their diagnosis.

86. CancerHelp UK Treating cervical cancer. http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=2744

87. CancerHelp UK cervical cancer Menu. Overview. About cervical cancer, The Cervix Risks and CausesScreening Symptoms Types of cervical cancer Questions For Your Doctor. http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=344

88. Cervical Cancer Prevention; JHPIEGO Corporation Worldwide, cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women, and almost 300,000women in developing countries are diagnosed with this disease each year http://www.jhpiego.org/cecap/

Cervical Cancer Prevention Worldwide, cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women, and almost 300,000 women in developing countries are diagnosed with this disease each year. However, many of these cases could have been avoided if women had access to screening and treatment programs. In most cases precancerous lesions go undetected simply because women do not have access to screening tests such as Pap smears. To address this problem, JHPIEGO began exploring the feasibility of several low-cost alternatives to Pap smears, including unmagnified (naked eye) visual inspection of the cervix using a dilute solution of acetic acid (VIA), that could be implemented in low-resource settings. With the mounting evidence establishing VIA as a low-cost alternative to Pap smears, JHPIEGO is working to link VIA testing with treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer. Since joining the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention in 1999, funded by the

89. PATH : Cervical Cancer Resources cervical cancer Resources. New PATH and PAHO publish Planning Appropriatecervical cancer Prevention Programs in Spanish! Program http://www.path.org/resources/cxca.htm

@import url("../css/styles-path2001.css"); This page displays best in browsers supporting current Web standards. However, the complete content of this page is accessible using any browser. PATH Resources Cervical Cancer Resources New: PATH and PAHO publish " Planning Appropriate Cervical Cancer Prevention Programs " in Spanish! Program Capacity Assessment Tool: Integrating Cervical Cancer Prevention into Reproductive Health Services Cervical Cancer List A global e-mail discussion group sharing policy information and research related to cervical cancer. Cervical Cancer Publications PATH articles and publications on cervical cancer issues. Assessing Health Need/Community Demand for Cervical Cancer Control An executive summary of a study in Kenya. Reproductive Health Outlook: Cervical Cancer Proposal Information for the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention Small Grants Program Home About ... Contact

90. PATH : Alliance For Cervical Cancer Prevention Small Grants Program Proposal Inf Proposal Information for the Alliance for cervical cancer PreventionSmall Grants Program. Download the Application Form and Proposal http://www.path.org/resources/propinfo-accp-small-grants.htm

@import url("../css/styles-path2001.css"); This page displays best in browsers supporting current Web standards. However, the complete content of this page is accessible using any browser. PATH Resources Proposal Information for the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention Small Grants Program Download the Application Form and Proposal Guidelines for the Alliance’s Small Grants Program (15K .rtf file). The Small Grants Program provides grants to developing-country organizations that are working to prevent cervical cancer. PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health) administers this program on behalf of the Alliance. We welcome proposals and inquiries. The Alliance Small Grants Program awards grants to nongovernmental organizations based in developing countries for specific cervical cancer projects and their associated overhead costs in amounts up to US $20,000 for projects with clear goals and a duration of one to two years. Areas of particular interest to the Alliance are projects that assess new approaches to cervical screening and treatment improve service delivery encourage community participation and involvement in strengthening prevention efforts assess the socio-cultural or medical factors affecting program success heighten public awareness of cervical cancer The Alliance does not award grants to governmental agencies or to individuals for the purchase of large equipment or vehicles Alliance small grant projects must have the goal of improving cervical cancer prevention efforts.

91. See New Cervical Cancer Screening Advice American Academy Of AAFP Home Page News Publications News Web Site Headlines See New CervicalCancer Screening Advice. See New cervical cancer Screening Advice. http://www.aafp.org/x19108.xml

Advanced Search AAFP Home Page News Web Site Headlines ... February 2003 FEBRUARY 2003 AAFP Submits Testimony on Liability Issues Study Suggests Medicare Savings Possible CMS Issues Rule on HIPAA Security Standards AAFP Answers Credentialing Questions ... How to Protect Kids From Drug Errors See New Cervical Cancer Screening Advice Victory Likely on Medicare, Title VII and AHRQ Funding Study Smallpox Vaccination Adverse Events See New Cervical Cancer Screening Advice The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force issued new recommendations Jan. 22 on screening for cervical cancer. The task force strongly recommended that sexually active women with an intact cervix be screened regularly for cervical cancer until they reach age 65. Women older than 65 with a history of normal Pap results and who are not otherwise at high risk for cervical cancer may safely discontinue regular screening or may be screened less frequently, said the task force. The recommendations address the appropriate ages to begin and end screening, proper screening interval, and screening method. Go to http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/3rduspstf/cervcan/cervcanrr.htm

92. Excite - Health cervical cancer More info on this condition. Introduction. The United States alonewill see 12,800 new cases of invasive cervical cancer diagnosed in 2000. http://www1.excite.com/home/health/cancer_overview/0,16398,Cervical_Introduction

Health Dieting Women Men ... Cancer More Topics Alternative Healthcast Diseases Fitness Kids Cervical Cancer More info on this condition Introduction After breast cancer, cancer of the cervix follows with colon cancer as the second most common cancers among women worldwide. Cervical cancer is characterized by malignant cells found in the tissues of the passage that connects the uterus to the vagina, which is called the cervix. Cancer that has penetrated beneath the surface of the cervix is called invasive. The United States alone will see 12,800 new cases of invasive cervical cancer diagnosed in 2000. Worldwide, this number reaches 400,000, with the highest number of victims being in the economically disadvantaged populations of both developing and industrialized countries. Noninvasive cancer is four times more common than invasive cancer. In 2000, about 4,600 U.S. women are expected to die from cervical cancer. Cervical cancer generally has a slow and gradual onset. During the pre-cancerous stage, called dysplasia, tissues in the cervix begin to change. Abnormal cells found in these changing tissues can usually be detected with a Pap smear. In a Pap smear, cells are collected from the cervix and then examined in a laboratory. If left undetected and allowed to grow, the abnormal cells may develop into cancer cells and invade into the cervix or spread to surrounding tissues. The extent of tumor growth and how far the cancer cells have penetrated into neighboring tissues and organs determines the stage of the cancer when it is diagnosed. Prognosis for patients improves dramatically the earlier the disease is detected. The stage of cervical cancer diagnosed is the most important factor for deciding the course of treatment for the disease. The five-year survival rate for early invasive cervical cancer is 91 percent. For pre-invasive cervical cancer, the rate is nearly 100 percent. For all stages of the disease combined, five-year survival is 69 percent.

93. MSN Health - Condition Center , I am wondering if there is any link between cervical cancer andgenital herpes. . , Recurring cervical cancer I'm so confused! http://content.health.msn.com/condition_center/uterine_cervical_cancer

94. Preventing Cervical Cancer In Developing Nations In the developing world, cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancerdeath in women. But new approaches to cervical cancer prevention http://www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/story.php?article_id=241

95. New Approach To Cervical Cancer Screening Could Save Lives millions of American women who get uncertain results from a Pap test should get afollowup DNA test for the viral strains that cause cervical cancer in order http://www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/story.php?article_id=469

96. [Clinical Preventive Services] Screening For Cervical Cancer Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, Second Edition Neoplastic Diseases Screeningfor cervical cancer. RECOMMENDATION. Skrabanek P. cervical cancer screening. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/texts/gcps/gcps0019.html

Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, Second Edition Neoplastic Diseases Screening for Cervical Cancer RECOMMENDATION Routine screening for cervical cancer with Papanicolaou (Pap) testing is recommended for all women who are or have been sexually active and who have a cervix. Pap smears should begin with the onset of sexual activity and should be repeated at least every 3 years (see Clinical Intervention). There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against an upper age limit for Pap testing, but recommendations can be made on other grounds to discontinue regular testing after age 65 in women who have had regular previous screenings in which the smears have been consistently normal. There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening with cervicography or colposcopy, or for screening for human papilloma virus infection, although recommendations against such screening can be made on other grounds (see Clinical Intervention). Burden of Suffering Accuracy of Screening Tests The principal screening test for cervical cancer is the Pap smear. Although the Pap smear can sometimes detect endometrial, vaginal, and other cancers,3,4 its use as a screening test is intended for the early detection of cervical dysplasia and cancer. Other proposed cervical screening tests include cervicography, colposcopy, and testing for HPV infection. The role of pelvic examination, which usually accompanies the collection of the cervical specimen, is discussed in Chapter 14 in relation to ovarian cancer screening.

97. Links: Non-English Resources California Department of Health, Gynelogical Cancer Pamphlet CDH CervicalCancer Fact Sheet; National Cancer Institute cervical cancer Brochure. http://cc.ucsf.edu/links/non-english.html

Non-English Resources The "Recommended" symbol denotes a site that has been found by UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center/Cancer Resource Center staff to be especially informative and valuable for patients and caregivers. Chinese Farsi/Persian Russian Spanish ... Vietnamese Resources in Chinese American Cancer Society, Cancer Survivor's Network California Department of Health, Gynelogical Cancer Pamphlet CDH Cervical Cancer Fact Sheet CDH Ovarian Cancer Fact Sheet ... Online English-Chinese Medical Dictionary Resources in Farsi/Persian APIA Health Forum - Sources of Women's Health and Children's Health Materials in Farsi New South Wales Health, Prostate Cancer Treatment Brochure Resources in Spanish California Department of Health, Gynelogical Cancer Pamphlet CDH Cervical Cancer Fact Sheet CDH Ovarian Cancer Fact Sheet CDH Uterine Cancer Fact Sheet ... National Cancer Institute CancerNet Database Contenido , a new publication for Latino survivors and their family members New South Wales Health, Prostate Cancer Treatment Brochure Resources in Russian American Cancer Society - Early Detection of Cancer Medicine for You - (sponsored by the Russian Ministry of Health, the city government of Moscow and the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences

98. UCL CORU CERVICAL CANCER Viral testing and cervical cancer screening. Human papillomavirus (HPV)is associated with the development of cervical premalignancy. http://www.ucl.ac.uk/operational-research/cersht.htm

Viral testing and cervical cancer screening Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the development of cervical premalignancy. New viral testing techniques are now available. PROBLEM: Would HPV testing improve the cervical screening programme? CORU has developed a model of the acquisition and regression of HPV infection and its effects on the probability of developing precancer. Disease progression is modelled using probability analysis with progression rates dependent on the presence of different grades of HPV infection: This leads to complex, but easily computed forecasts for the outcomes of different screening strategies. These can be used to compare different potential screening options These models suggest that HPV testing would have little effect on the incidence of invasive cancer compared with a policy of repeat cytology. The potential value of HPV testing as a primary screening method is strongly dependent on its diagnostic accuracy. Other examples Arthritis Cardiac Surgery Emergency cover for GP's Evaluation of Telemedicine ... CORU home page

99. Cervical Cancer What is cervical cancer? cervical cancer early. Between 1955 and 1992 thenumber of deaths from cervical cancer declined by 74 percent. An http://www.seattlecca.org/patientsandfamilies/adultCare/clinicalProgs/cervicalCa

var OPENNODE = '1000,1004,1009,1010,1897,'; var CURRNODE = 1897 init( "setID( CURRNODE );" ); What is Cervical Cancer? Cervical cancer (cancer of the cervix) is usually the result of a common virus: the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is generally sexually transmitted. Most women have the virus at some time during their life, but for many their immune system will get rid of the virus without them even knowing that it was there. Some types of the virus can cause genital warts, and other types can cause changes in the cells of the cervix. The changes in the cervix usually clear up once the immune system has rid the body of the virus. In some women, however, the virus remains present for a number of years, and in a few of these cases, the changes in the cervix will develop into cancer if left untreated. Cervical cancer used to be one of the most common causes of cancer death for American women, but the use of the Pap test has made drastic improvements in detecting the disease early. Between 1955 and 1992 the number of deaths from cervical cancer declined by 74 percent. An estimated 14,000 new cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed in the coming year. Types of Cervical Cancer There are two main types of cervical cancers: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. These, as well as more rare types of cervical cancer, are classified according to how they look under a microscope. About 85 percent to 90 percent of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. They begin in the ectocervix, the part of the cervix next to the vagina. The remaining 10 percent to 15 percent of cervical cancers are adenocarcinomas, which develop from the mucus-producing gland cells of the endocervix, the part of the cervix next to the body. More rare are cervical cancers that have features of both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. They are called adenosquamous carcinomas, or mixed carcinomas.

100. Recent Media Coverage - November 2002 Vaccine called near for cervical cancer The Boston Globe November 21, 2002.Vaccine called near for cervical cancer The Boston Globe- November 21, 2002. http://www.bwh.partners.org/publicaffairs/november2002_media_coverage.asp

home find a BWH doctor request an appointment services ... Background Information November 2002 Media Coverage Heart Disease Risk and C-reactive Protein The Washington Post- November 26, 2002 Study: Many medication-related mistakes can be avoided Boston Business Journal- November 26, 2002 Tonsillectomies can benefit adults, research shows USA Today- November 25, 2002 Walking to better health comes with impediments The Los Angeles Times- November 25, 2002 Vaccine called near for cervical cancer The Boston Globe- November 21, 2002 Vaccine called near for cervical cancer The Boston Globe- November 21, 2002 Cervical Cancer Vaccine Channel 4 (WBZ)- November 21, 2002 Vaccine called near for cervical cancer The Boston Globe- November 21, 2002 Tested vaccine totally prevents cervical cancer The Boston Herald- November 21, 2002 Vaccine Appears to Prevent Cervical Cancer The New York Times- November 21, 2002 HPV results 'fantastic,' but work isn't done USA Today- November 21, 2002 Vaccine May Be the Key in Cervical Cancer Fight The Los Angeles Times- November 21, 2002

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