81. Roads, Traffic And Society In Finland From 1945 To 2005 Roads, Traffic and Society in finland from 1945 to 2005. A threevolume history regardingthe social significance and technical development of road construction http://www.tieh.fi/tiivien.htm

Roads, Traffic and Society in Finland from 1945 to 2005 A Thousand Years of Roads, Two Hundred Years of Road Administration From Rails to Asphalt Policy of Manual Labour in Road Construction Road Policy at a Crossroads Urban Traffic and Land Use ... Links to Other Traffic History Resources This summary is based on book More information via email from Finnish National Road Administration/Museum Affairs, Ph.D. Jaakko Masonen From Rails to Asphalt T he motor car revolutionized Finland's road traffic in the 1920's and 1930's. Although the first cars had been imported in the early years of the century, they were mainly used for pleasure at the beginning. Commercial bus and truck traffic did not start until after the First World War. In terms of transport economy, motor vehicles surpassed horse traffic as early as in the 1920's and buses became a remarkable challenge to trains in the 1930's. The relay system was replaced by bus traffic almost entirely. In those days, trucks did not yet become a means of long-distance transport; instead, they were used in feeder traffic when, for instance, timber was transported to floatways or trains. The development of road traffic was interrupted by the Second World War. Road construction was at a complete standstill and in the area of road maintenance only the most urgent repairs could be taken care of. Even in Lapland, where the Germans systematically destroyed traffic connections during the final stages of the war, the wear of traffic and the lack of maintenance caused two thirds of all damage to roads and bridges. After the war, highways were in miserable condition. Transport tasks relating to evacuation, reconstruction and wood industry experienced great difficulties on both railroads and highways. In the reconstruction of roads and bridges the focus was on Lapland, because the damage was most widespread there and the railroad network only reached the River Kemijoki. The most rapid increase in road traffic during the first post-war years was thus recorded in Northern Finland.

82. The Finnish Way Of Life. How History Effects Every Day Life. finland is a Nordic country situated between the West and the East. finland'shistory reflects this position. finland's history reflects this position. http://www.destinationplanner.com/europe/finland/finnish_way_of_life.html

Finnish way of life - Tourist Information Travel to Finland with Voigt Travel Finland is a Nordic country situated between the West and the East. Finland's history reflects this position. Finland was part of the Swedish Crown for 600 years, before becoming a Russian Gran Duchy for about a century. An independent republic Finland is since 1917. Today Finland is clearly one of the Scandinavian countries. The Scandinavian values and the institutions of a welfare state mark the Finnish way of life. Eastern reflections are to be seen, for example, in some of the traditions, in gastronomy, in music, and maybe also in the character of Finns. Tourist Information Birdwatching Cultural Heritage Hiking ... Virtucon Web Design Source: www.finland-tourism.com

83. Olavinlinna Castle, Savonlinna St. Olaf's Castle was founded in 1475 by Erik Axelsson Tott. Official site of the National Board of Antiquities has beautiful photographs, brief history and visitor information. http://www.nba.fi/CASTLES/OLOF/Infoeng.htm

Olavinlinna Castle, Savonlinna Olavinlinna Olofsborg FIN-57150 Olavinlinna, Finland Tel.: Fax: olavinlinna@nba.fi Open Entry fees Guided tours Links: Olavinlinna.net Savonlinna Savonlinna's Tourist Service Savonlinna Opera Festival Medieval Castles in Finland Association of Castles and Museums aroud the Baltic Sea Castles on the Web ... Finland Links Olavinlinna - St. Olaf's Castle - was founded in 1475 by Erik Axelsson Tott . The castle served to repel attacks from the east and to guarantee control of the Savo region for the Swedish Crown. The medieval castle consists of a main castle with three towers and a bailey with an encircling wall reinforced by towers. The castle went through numerous phases of construction, first as a Swedish and from 1743 as a Russian border fortification. It has been among Finland's best-known tourist attractions since the latter 19th century. It houses a restaurant and festival halls. There are two small exhibition rooms inside the castle: the castle museum displaying various items found from the castle as well as material dealing with it, and

84. The Craftmuseum Of Finland - Suomen Käsityön Museo history That museum operated under the Society of Industrial Art, today DesignForum finland, and was located at the Museum of Art and Design. http://www.craftmuseum.fi/eng/history.htm

[s i t e m a p] CONTACT INFORMATION EXHIBITIONS NET EXHIBITIONS ... MAP H I S T O R Y The Imperial Senate ordered on 14th December, 1888, that an allowance be granted for the operation of a handicraft museum beginning in 1890. That museum operated under the Society of Industrial Art, today Design Forum Finland, and was located at the Museum of Art and Design. In 1908-1926 the museum was called the State Home Industry Museum (Helsinki) and it operated under the State Home Industry Office. In 1927-1933 the museum operated jointly with the Museum of Industrial Art The collections of the museum were placed in store and operation was discontinued. In 1982 the museum restarted as an independent museum in Jyväskylä using the name the Home Industry Museum of Finland (Seminaarinkatu 32). In 1992 the museum was one of the first five museums to be nominated as a national specialized museum. In 1992 the National Costume Centre of Finland was founded as part of the museum. In 1995, the Conservation Centre for textiles, run by the Art and Science Foundation of Jyväskylä, was annexed to the museum. On 1st January, 1997, the museum was renamed the Craft Museum of Finland.

85. Scandinavian History Denmark Finland Norway And Sweden Comprehensive links for Scandinavian historyDenmark, finland, Norway and Sweden. http://europeanhistory.about.com/cs/scandinavia/

zfp=-1 About History European History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with European History with Robert Wilde Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects Austria-Hungary Europe France Germany ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden A long-standing union between the kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden (including Finland) collapsed in 1523, after which a Swedish Empire rose to dominate Scandinavia until the early 18th century. Russian influence grew, annexing Finland in 1809 (until its independence in 1917), while Denmark and Sweden continued as rivals. Norway became independent of Sweden in 1905, and Iceland in 1918. Battles from Swedish History An article by Gary K. Shepard examining Charles XII, who became king of the enlarged Swedish kingdom at 15 and who fought Russia, and Peter the Great, during the Northern Wars of 1700 - 1721. Christian VII of Denmark Christina of Sweden The Queen of Sweden from 1644 to 1654, during which time she acted in European politics and heavily patronised art, the philosophically minded Christina left her throne, not through death, but through conversion to Roman Catholicism, abdication and resettlement in Rome. This is a page of dedicated links from your Guide.

86. MINT OF FINLAND LTD. - Company Info August Fredrik Soldan Managing Director 18611885. history AND BUSINESS AREA.The desicion to establish the Mint of finland was made in the year 1860. http://www.mint.fi/company.htm

August Fredrik Soldan Managing Director 1861-1885 HISTORY AND BUSINESS AREA The desicion to establish the Mint of Finland was made in the year 1860. The first Managing Director was August Fredrik Soldan. Production at the Mint started in the autumn of 1864 at Katajannokka. The first production lot comprised 30 000 one-penny coins for the Bank of Finland. In 1951, the Mint struck the first Finnish commemorative coin and the world´s first modern Olympic coin in honour of the Helsinki Olympics. Its nominal value was 500 marks. Striking continued until the end of the following year, bringing the total up to 605 000 coins. In 1960, Finland celebrated the centennial of the mark. A total of 201 000 pieces of the second commemorative coin, a silver 1 000 mark coin, were struck. The coin was designed by Toivo Jaatinen. Commemorative coin production in the foreign markets grew significantly in the 1960s. Domestically, the initiatives for striking commemorative coins also increased continuously. As a result, commemorative coins were struck almost every year in the next decade.

87. 1952 Helsinki Finland Olympics History The history of the Olympics 1952 Helsinki, finland The 1952 OlympicGames were largely a reflection of the Cold War. The Soviet http://history1900s.about.com/library/weekly/aa081000p.htm

zfp=-1 About History 20th Century History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with 20th Century History with Jennifer Rosenberg Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects Major Events Maps People Photographs ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement The History of the Olympics: 1952 - Helsinki, Finland The 1952 Olympic Games were largely a reflection of the Cold War . The Soviet Union, after having been out of the Games since , decided to rejoin the competition. The Soviets, instead of joining the other athletes in the Olympic Village, set up their own Olympic Village for Eastern bloc countries in Otaniemi, near the Soviet naval base at Porkkala. Soviet athletes were chaperoned by Soviet officials everywhere they went in an effort to prevent communication with athletes from the West. The competition of East versus West dominated the atmosphere. Bob Mathias (United States), winner for the second time of the decathlon, described the atmosphere at the Games: "There were many more pressures on American athletes because of the Russians. . . . They were in a sense the real enemy. You just loved to beat 'em. You just had to beat 'em. . . . This feeling was strong down through the entire team."

88. History Of Finland Therefore, in addition to the cities of Turku, Viipuri and Porvoo, Helsinkiand Tammisaari were founded on the southern coast of finland. http://www.pi-schools.gr/sxoleia/gymmet/comenius/finland/presentations/history/f

In the 16th century Sweden tried to gain the control of the trade in the Baltic sea district. Therefore, in addition to the cities of Turku, Viipuri and Porvoo, Helsinki and Tammisaari were founded on the southern coast of Finland. Helsinki Center in the beginning of 20th century Finland took part in many wars along with Sweden against Denmark, Russia and Poland. soldiers were accomodated in peasant houses, encampments. When soldiers looted food from houses, in 1596, the peasants rose in a rebellion against the governor of Finland, Klaus Fleming, his soldiers, Finnish Nobility and tax collectors. Finally the peasants were defeated in this so called "peasants' rebellion" named after clubs and maces they used as weapons. About 3000 peasants died in the war. Former Eastern Boundaries of Finland (Sweden-Finland), Southern Section In the beginning of the new era Finland exported fur and tar. Tar became the most important export product, because it was needed for the surfaces of ships. There wasn't much industry during the Swedish regime. People lived in class society, but there were a lot of those, too, who didn't belong to any Estate. Those outside the Estates didn't have the opportunity to deal with the affairs of the country in the Diet. The King called in the Diet when he wanted and he was the only one who could make a motion there. The present Parlament is the equivalent of the former Diet.

89. Genealogy In Finland Family history finland Tips on Finnish genealogical research, Finnishfarm names, and links to other Finnish resources online. http://www.everton.com/reference/world/finland.htm

90. Finland Steam Baths History history finland Steam Baths was established in 1928. Pentti and AinoPakkala and their family emigrated to Brockton, MA. In 1957 http://www.finlandsteambaths.com/history.htm

Quick Search- Services- Hours Steam Baths Therapies The Therapists Special Offers Gifts -Company Information- Directions History Web Developer Home History: Finland Steam Baths was established in 1928. Pentti and Aino Pakkala and their family emigrated to Brockton, MA. In 1957 from Jyvaskyla in central Finland. Pentti had been trained as a carpenter and began work in the Brockton area. A bad fall off scaffolding in the mid-60’s meant he could no longer do such demanding work. At the same time, another Finnish family was looking to sell Finland Steam Baths, a business operated from a two story wood and brick building on Copeland Street, West Quincy. So, in 1969, Pentti and Aino purchased the business and the building which includes living accommodation. The Pakkala family began to upgrade the seven Steam Baths. The ceilings were changed from aluminum to Redwood, seamless epoxy floors were installed and the exterior of the rooms were insulated. New showers and fixtures were gradually added over the 24 years they ran the business. Each Summer when the Steam Baths were closed, the walls and floors were re-painted. Heikki Pakkala, the youngest son, was the resident full-time licensed massage therapist having been taught by his father. In 1991

91. Records For Folk Music -- India -- Andhra Pradesh. (in MARION) Folklore finland history. Not found or no more entries match key.Data on this system is ©Board of Trustees, Cleveland Public Library. http://js-catalog.cpl.org:60100/MARION/@FOLKLORE GREAT BRITAIN/bd9c90004100/0

Folk music India Andhra Pradesh. Record 1 of 1 Seetha Devi, Vinjamuri. Folk music of Andhra Pradesh / Vinjamuri Seetha Devi. Hyderabad : Vinjamuri Seetha Devi ; Madras : For copies Higginbothams, [1985] Holdings: CLEVELAND/John G. White Coll. CALL NUMBER: M1809.18 .S4 1985x Reference NonCirculating Data on this system is ©Board of Trustees, Cleveland Public Library.

92. Records For Folk Music -- India -- Bengal. (in MARION) Folklore finland history. Record 1 of 1. Hautala, Jouko. Finnish folkloreresearch 18281919. Helsinki, Societas Scientiarum Fennica 1969. http://js-catalog.cpl.org:60100/MARION/@FOLKLORE GREAT BRITAIN/bd9c90005100/0

Folk music India Bengal. Record 1 of 1 Variations in Bengali traditional folk songs. Vol. III [sound recording]. Newark, Del. : Biswas Records, p1997. Holdings at other locations: See the additional holdings for this title. Data on this system is ©Board of Trustees, Cleveland Public Library.

93. Europe, FINLAND Maps And Atlases From East View Cartographic, Leader In Transiti Geophysics, Historical Geography, history Of Cartography, history Of Cartography,Reprints, Topography, Transport Geography, Europe, finland Maps and Atlases, finland http://www.cartographic.com/xq/ASP/AreaID.3/RegionID.98/ClassID.5200/europe/finl

home about east view standing orders service specials: Ukrainian maps ... site map Search GIS / Map Librarian Position shopping cart my account Browse Regions Browse Types Topographic Maps Nautical Charts ... Transport Geography FINLAND East View Cartographic offers large and small scale mapping of Europe in national topographic maps and Russian Military Topographic mapping. EVC can offer georeferenced topographic maps to the customer's requirements. what's new samples specials: Ukrainian maps contact us ... publications

94. SUOMEN TASAVALLAN PRESIDENTTI About the President and the official residences. List of Finnish Presidents in the past and present. Read some speeches made by the president. http://www.president.fi/netcomm/

SUOMEN TASAVALLAN PRESIDENTTI Tämä sivu käyttää kehyksiä (frames), mutta selaimesi ei tue niitä. This page uses frames, but your browser don't support them. Den här sidan använder ramar (frames), men din webbläsare stöder dem inte.

95. Welcome To Travel In Finland Travel guide with links to accommodation, adventure, culture, activities and events. http://www.travel.fi/int/

What's new Activities Accommodation Events ... Products Send your comments and opinions about our site to webmaster@travel.fi Järvi-Suomen Ohjelmapalvelu Ltd This Travelring site is owned by: Travel in Finland Visit: [ Next Site Previous Site Next 5 Random Site Want to join the Travelring?

96. Tiimipeli.NET Jesse Laakson yll¤pit¤m¤ sivusto, jonka teemana suomalaiset jenkkiautot. http://usacars.ruutulippu.net/

Not found Subdomainia usacars.ruutulippu.net ei löytynyt. Kyseinen osoite on siis vielä vapaana, joten voit halutessasi saada peliyhteisöllesi sivut tähän osoiteeseen. Katso lisätietoja www.tiimipeli.net Subdomain usacars.ruutulippu.net not found.

97. Riktnummer Inom Finland Karta ¶ver de olika finl¤ndska riktnummeromr¥dena. http://www.mtel.aland.fi/nummer.htm

RIKTNUMMER INOM FINLAND 12.10.1996 kl 00.00 togs de nya lätta riktnumren och ett nytt utlandsprefix i bruk. Finland är indelat i teletrafikområden (TTO), vilkas gränser i huvudsak följer länsgränserna. Antalet riktnummer har minskat från 74 till tretton. Ett alleuropeiskt utlandsprefix TELETRAFIKOMRÅDENA: Ålands TTO 928 har blivit Mellersta Finlands TTO 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947 har blivit Lapplands TTO 960, 9692, 9693, 9694, 9695, 9696, 9697, 9698 har blivit Norra Karelens TTO 973, 974, 975, 976 har blivit Nylands II TTO 911, 912, 914, 915 har blivit Tavastlands TTO 916, 917, 918, 919, 931, 932*), 933, 934, 935, 936, 937 har blivit Kuopio TTO 971, 972, 977, 978, 979 har blivit S:t Michels TTO 955, 956, 957, 958, 959 har blivit Åbo och Björneborgs TTO 921, 922, 924, 925, 926, 930, 932*), 938, 939 har blivit Vasa TTO 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, 966, 967, 968 har blivit Kymmene TTO 951, 952, 953, 954 har blivit Uleåborgs TTO 981, 982, 983, 984, 985, 986, 988, 989 har blivit

98. Virtual Finland — Information About Finland — Facts About Finland A multimedia guide with information, facts and daily news on finland. http://virtual.finland.fi/

francais deutsch russian Mainpage NewsRoom Site Map Contact us About this site Search: Articles General information National symbols History International relations Way of life Famous Finns Picture book Events in Finland Travel information Featured Site Heureka Science Centre Finland's biggest emporium of popular science is The Heureka Science Centre. Located in Vantaa, near Helsinki, it combines nature and technology, science and history, thus truly echoing Archimedes' eternal exclamation "Heureka" ("I have found it"). The Heureka Science Centre, serves as a bridge between science and the general public, a focal point of informal learning and a place of enjoyment. Highlights Finland joined the European Union in 1995, eight years ago; sufficient time for analysts to assess the effects of membership on the Finnish economy and on public opinion. VF's article on "the economic significance of EU membership neatly covers both areas. The spectrum of political parties in Finland is like that of any other western democracy. And with parliamentary elections taking place here on March 16, VF's article

99. Finland Festivals Cooperation organization for the principal cultural events in finland. Listings about 60 festivals. http://www.festivals.fi/

100. Police Organization, duties and license services. http://www.poliisi.fi/english/index.htm

Advanced search The Finnish Police maintain public order and security, prevent and investigate crime and forward investigated cases to a prosecutor for consideration of charges. The Police also provide the public with various licence services. The objective of police operations is to ensure that people can exercise their rights guaranteed by the judicial system and social order. About this site Sitemap

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