61. Executive Order 123311 -- President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/resource/speeches/1981/102081c.htm

Executive Order 123311 President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board October 20, 1981 By virtue of the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States of America, and in order to enhance the security of the United States by improving the quality and effectiveness of intelligence available to the United States, it is ordered as follows: Section 1. There is hereby established within the White House Office, Executive Office of the President, the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board (the ``Board''). Members of the Board shall serve at the pleasure of the President and shall be appointed by the President from among trustworthy and distinguished citizens outside the Government who are qualified on the basis of achievement, experience, and independence. The President shall designate a Chairman and Vice Chairman from among the members. The Board shall utilize full-time staff and consultants as authorized by the President. Such staff shall be headed by an Executive Director, appointed by the President. Sec. 2. The Board shall assess the quality, quantity, and adequacy of intelligence collection, of analysis and estimates, of counterintelligence, and other intelligence activities. The Board shall have the authority to continually review the performance of all agencies of the Government that are engaged in the collection, evaluation, or production of intelligence or the execution of intelligence policy. The Board shall further be authorized to assess the adequacy of management, personnel, and organization in the intelligence agencies.

62. Executive Order 12537 -- President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/resource/speeches/1985/102885d.htm

Executive Order 12537 President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board October 28, 1985 By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States of America, and in order to enhance the security of the United States by improving the quality and effectiveness of intelligence available to the United States, it is ordered as follows: Section 1. There is hereby established within the White House Office, Executive Office of the President, the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board (the ``Board''). The Board shall consist of not more than fourteen members, who shall serve at the pleasure of the President and shall be appointed by the President from among trustworthy and distinguished citizens outside the government who are qualified on the basis of achievement, experience, and independence. The President shall establish the terms of the members upon their appointment. To the extent practicable, one-third of the Board at any one time shall be comprised of members whose current term of service does not exceed two years. The President shall designate a Chairman and Vice Chairman from among the members. The Board shall utilize full-time staff and consultants as authorized by the President. Such staff shall be headed by an Executive Director, appointed by the President. Sec. 2. The Board shall assess the quality, quantity, and adequacy of intelligence collection, of analysis and estimates, of counterintelligence, and other intelligence activities. The Board shall have the authority to continually review the performance of all agencies of the Federal government that are engaged in the collection, evaluation, or production of intelligence or the execution of intelligence policy. The Board shall further be authorized to assess the adequacy of management, personnel, and organization in the intelligence agencies.

63. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court Opinions And Orders Of May 17, 2002 FILED KAREN E. SUTTON, CLERK MAY 17 2002 US foreign intelligence SurveillanceCourt UNITED STATES foreign intelligence SURVEILLANCE COURT. http://www.kalami.net/pages/fisa.html

FILED KAREN E. SUTTON, CLERK MAY 17 2002 U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court UNITED STATES FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT IN RE ALL MATTERS SUBMITTED TO THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT Docket Numbers: Multiple MEMORANDUM OPINION (AS CORRECTED AND AMENDED) I The Department of Justice has moved this Court to vacate the minimization and "wall" procedures in all cases now or ever before the Court, including this Court's adoption of the Attorney General's July 1995 intelligence sharing procedures, which are not consistent with new intelligence sharing procedures submitted for approval with this motion. The Court has considered the Government's motion, the revised intelligence sharing procedures, and the supporting memorandum of law as required by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (hereafter the FISA or the Act) at 50 U.S.C. §1805(a)(4) and §1824(a)(4) (hereafter omitting citations to 50 U.S.C.) to determine whether the proposed minimization procedures submitted with the Government's motion comport with the definition of minimization procodures under §1801 (h) and §1921(4) of the Act. The Government's motion will be GRANTED, EXCEPT THAT THE PROCEDURES MUST BE MODIFIED IN PART. The Court's analysis and findings are as follows: JURISDICTION : Section 1803 of the FISA which established this Court provides that the Court "shall have jurisdiction to hear applications for and grant orders approving electronic surveillance anywhere within the United States under the procedures set forth in this Act." The comparable provision added when the FISA was amended to include physical searches appears in §1822(c) entitled "Jurisdiction of Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court," and says

64. Warblogging.com: Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court Of Review Upholds USA P versus Americans Homeland Security » November 18, 2002 foreign intelligenceSurveillance Court of Review Upholds USA Patriot Act in Secret Proceedings http://www.warblogging.com/archives/000331.php

@import "/includes/style.css"; Warblogging.com Front Page War Stories Index of Evil Counts ... About November 18, 2002 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review Upholds USA Patriot Act in Secret Proceedings "A special, secretive appeals court" the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review has ruled that broader wiretap powers allowed by the USA Patriot Act are legal, Reuters reports . In so ruling the court overturns an earlier May opinion by the FISA Court which ruled that the USA Patriot Act's language didn't give the government expanded wiretap rights the seven members of the FISA Court unanimously ruled that the DoJ went too far in interperting the Act. The appeals court, however, said " We think the procedures and government showings required under FISA, if they do not meet the minimum Fourth Amendment warrant standards, certainly come close. " That certainly makes me feel better. This court is so confident that the Patriot Act is legal that it says that it at least "comes close" to being legal. And so uphold the law! What more blatant an admission do you need?

65. Foreign Intelligence, Domestic Liberty foreign intelligence, Domestic Liberty From the November 25, 2002 DallasMorning News Americans don't have to worry about Big Brother. http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/001/956isyht.asp

Advertise Newsletter Store Contact ... Voter Services Login email: Password: Remember me Register Forgot password? Change Password Update Email Foreign Intelligence, Domestic Liberty From the November 25, 2002 Dallas Morning News: Americans don't have to worry about Big Brother. by Terry Eastland 11/26/2002 12:00:00 AM Terry Eastland, publisher A WEEK AGO, an obscure court in the nation's capital rendered a decision that has outraged certain civil libertarian groups and their friends in the commentariat. They protest too much. The decision by the awkwardly named Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review significantly strengthens the government's ability to prevent terrorism and thus horrific deedssuch as those of September 11, 2001that destroy life and liberty. The case involves the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, which was enacted in 1978 and amended last year by the Patriot Act. The surveillance act requires the FBI to gain approval from a judge on a special courtthe so-called FISA courtbefore it undertakes electronic surveillance (such as wiretaps) of a "foreign power" or "an agent of a foreign power." Earlier this year, the FISA court, while granting an application the particulars of which remain secret, issued an interpretation of the law at odds with that advanced by the Justice Department in the wake of September 11. The department wasted no time in filing an appeal. At issue was the purpose the FBI may assert in seeking judicial sanction for electronic surveillance.

66. They Tried To Warn Us Foreign Intelligence Warnings Before 9-11 They Tried To Warn Us foreign intelligence Warnings Before 911. TheyTried To Warn Us foreign intelligence Warnings Before 9-11. http://www.complete911timeline.org/Summaries/theytriedtowarnus.html

67. Foreign Intelligence Organizations foreign intelligence Organizations. Canada. Communications Security Establishment.Criminal Intelligence Service. Security Intelligence Review Committee. http://www.williamcooper.com/foreign.htm

Foreign Intelligence Organizations Canada Communications Security Establishment Criminal Intelligence Service Security Intelligence Review Committee Security Intelligence Service Switzerland International Relations and Security Network United Kingdom Central Intelligence Machinery Foreign and Commonwealth Office The Security and Intelligence Studies Group Intelligence ... LinkExchnge Member Revised: December 15, 1999

68. Inside America’s Secret Court: The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court Inside America’s Secret Court The foreign intelligence SurveillanceCourt. by Patrick S. Poole (1998). Introduction In a highly http://encryption_policies.tripod.com/us/poole_98_court.htm

by Patrick S. Poole (1998) Introduction In a highly restricted room inside the Department of Justice Building in Washington D.C. resides a federal court that meets in complete secrecy. Even though the rulings this secret court issues may result in criminal charges, convictions and prison sentences for US citizens, their writs and rulings are permanently sealed from review by those accused of crimes and from any substantive civilian review. This is the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC), which considers surveillance and physical search orders from the Department of Justice and US intelligence agencies. During the 20-year tenure of the FISC the court has received over 10,000 applications for covert surveillance and physical searches. To date, not a single application has been denied. Origins of the Court The FISC The court consists of seven federal judges chosen from the federal district courts by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; each serves a non-renewable seven-year term. Membership of the court is staggered so that a new member is brought in each year. Members are chosen from different federal districts, however, at least one member must come from a district court in the Washington D.C. area. Judge Royce Lamberth, who is a member of the US District Court for Washington DC, currently serves as the FISC Chief Judge.

69. Courts.net - The FISC The foreign intelligence Surveillance Court was created in 1978 under the authorityof the foreign intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), and the particular http://www.courts.net/secret.htm

The Nation's Courts Directory The "Secret Court" In late August 2002, news articles appeared about a decision made by a "secret court" denying an application for surveillance by the FBI on the grounds that that agency had misled the court on a number of occasions. Most Americans had never heard of such a court. (See below for more on the case.) The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court was created in 1978 under the authority of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), and the particular section creating and governing the court is codified at 50 USC 1803 . The FISC is empowered to consider any application for "orders approving electronic surveillance anywhere within the United States". (Note that there is no provision under this particular section that the surveillance have anything to do with foreign intelligence. Other sections of the statute clearly demonstrate that its mission is to combat intelligence and terrorism efforts by "foreign powers and agents of foreign powers".) The Court was created for the purpose of passing on requests for surveillance and physical searches that are aimed at foreign powers and their agents, and ensuring that the rights of "United States persons" are protected in the process. No finding of probable cause that a crime has been committed is required, as is required for search warrants issued by Federal and state courts.

70. Undergraduate/Graduate Courses In International Relations foreign intelligence and Security Systems Part I. The General Natureof foreign intelligence Systems. Defining Intelligence Practices. http://www.bu.edu/ir/syllabi/casir578.html

Foreign Intelligence and Security Systems Almost all nations, larger or small, rich or poor, have found it necessary to incorporate some system for obtaining and analyzing information about their enemies, adversaries or competitors into their foreign policy and national security apparatus. These intelligence systems operate largely in secret, but the end of the Cold War and the proliferation of literature about foreign intelligence is b beginning to make it possible to study these systems in some detail. While some of them resemble the intelligence system in the United Statesand incorporate some of the same methods and practicesothers are much different and operate with far fewer controls and restrictions. Students of international relations who concern themselves with the ways in which nations deal with each other should understand not only the open manifestations of these relationships, but the secret ones was well. This course is designed to be a interactive one between the instructor and the students. Since so much new material is becoming available, the students will be expected to contribute some of their own research to the course with the direction and guidance of the instructor. Each student will undertake a research paper on an intelligence system of a foreign nation based on materials available in open literature. If time permits, the best papers will be presented in class. Meanwhile, the instructor will cover the major countries about which we have sufficient information to maintain a dialogue. The readings are designed to provide the basis for class discussion and gave direction for further research.

71. NZSIS - Annual Report 2002 - Output 2 - Foreign Intelligence Output 2 foreign intelligence. The Service gathers foreign intelligencein response to national requirements set by the interdepartmental http://www.nzsis.govt.nz/ar02/output2.html

Home Expediture Output 1 Output 2 Output 3 Output 4 Corporate Issues Output 2: Foreign Intelligence The Service gathers foreign intelligence in response to national requirements set by the interdepartmental Foreign Intelligence Requirements Committee (FIRC). The work the Service undertakes against this output relates to part (b) of the definition of security in the NZSIS Act as amended in 1999 (No 2): the identification of foreign capabilities, intentions or activities within or relating to New Zealand that impact on New Zealand's international well being or economic well being. 10 per cent of the budget was expended on Output 2 in the review period, as planned

72. Foreign Intelligence - Austria INDEX. foreign intelligence Austria. THE TIMES, 7 MAY 1867. (Fromour correspondent) Steyr, May 2. At the present moment, when war http://www.researchpress.co.uk/firearms/werndl.htm

INDEX Foreign Intelligence - Austria THE TIMES, 7 MAY 1867 (From our correspondent) Steyr, May 2 At the present moment, when war, more or less imminent, appears to be threatening Europe on all sides, and the success or failure of campaigns depends more or less on the possession of an efficient small arm, everything relating to the production of the new weapon must be of a more then usual interest. Although considerable progress has been made in the conversion of the old muzzle-loading muskets into breech-loaders by several of the great Powers, Austria has been the first to come to a decision as to the new system to be adopted; and most people will be surprised to hear that this country possesses the means of rapidly producing the whole of the new armament required without foreign assistance. It will be remembered that, although the Prussians adopted the zündnadelgewehr in 1846, they had not, after a lapse of 20 years, a sufficient number to arm their whole army (Landwehr included) in the campaign last year. The establishment of M. Werndl, which I visited this morning, could alone supply more than 600,000 breech-loading rifles in the course of three years. The new weapon selected by the Austrian Government is an invention of M. Werndl. Of the better known systems it most resembles the "Peabody". It is remarkable for its simplicity and solidity. It may be said to consist of four pieces - the stock of beechwood, which reaches nearly to the muzzle of the barrel; the barrel and back piece of

73. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Warrants Vs Traditional Criminal Wiretaps http://trac.syr.edu/tracreports/terrorism/011203/warrantsG.html

74. KGB Warns Of Foreign Intelligence Spying :: Charter'97 :: News :: 18/12/2002 KGB Warns of foreign intelligence Spying 1106, 18/12/2002 The department for themilitary reconnaissance of the Belarusian KGB recorded in the year 2002 an http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2002/12/18/kgb

áåëàðóñêàÿ âåðñiÿ forum news actions ... partners ARCHIVE Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa December November October September August July Juny May April March February January SEARCH advanced search PROJECTS Tuesday`s: Servants of Lie Book by Igor Litvin "The Lost World" Monday's and Thursday's: Vladimir TSESLER Sergei VOICHENKO SUBSCRIBE FRIENDS dzed TALASH ZUBR movement Radio Ratsya www.ezhe.ru ... belarusfreedom VOTE FOR US vote: 5 - excellent 4 - good 3 - satisfactory 2 - poor br.by ADVERT NEWS KGB Warns of Foreign Intelligence Spying The department for the military reconnaissance of the Belarusian KGB recorded in the year 2002 an extremely high interest of the foreign special services in the scientific and military potential of Belarus, “Interfax” correspondent was told on Tuesday by the chief of the department for military reconnaissance of KGB colonel Igor Kuznetsov. write comment TOPIC LINKS Pre-Election Spy Row Underway Spy Scandal Brought to Justice Sasha Has Grudge Against Michael and Retaliates Western Diplomats Russia and US return to Cold War spy swap ... "Spies` death" costs $ 1mln. TODAY “Lukomol” Propagates Fascism “Slavneft” Taken Over Cheaply Viktor Ivashkevich Finds Employment Selection Season Underway ... Yamal, Europe Tied by New Gas Pipeline

75. Harvard University Press/Foreign Intelligence foreign intelligence Research and Analysis in the Office of Strategic Services,19421945 by Barry M. Katz, published by Harvard University Press. http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/KATFOR.html

Foreign Intelligence Research and Analysis in the Office of Strategic Services, 1942-1945 Barry M. Katz November 1989 Cloth edition: ISBN 0-674-30825-5 Political Science: General

76. Foreign Missile Developments This Estimate was approved for publication by the. National foreign intelligenceBoard under the. authority of the Director of Central Intelligence. http://www.cia.gov/nic/pubs/other_products/Unclassifiedballisticmissilefinal.htm

Foreign Missile Developments and the Ballistic Missile Threat Through 2015 Unclassified Summary of a National Intelligence Estimate This Estimate was approved for publication by the National Foreign Intelligence Board under the authority of the Director of Central Intelligence.  Prepared under the auspices of the National Intelligence Officer for Strategic and Nuclear Programs.  Inquiries may be directed to the NIO through the Office of Public Affairs on (703) 482-7778. Preface Foreign Missile Developments and the Ballistic Missile Threat Through 2015 The Senate Select Committee on Intelligence has requested that the Intelligence Community (IC) produce annual reports containing the latest intelligence on ballistic missile developments and threats and a discussion of nonmissile threat options.  This paper is an unclassified summary of the National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) that is the fourth annual report.  The NIE describes new missile developments and our projections of possible and likely ballistic missile threats to the United States, US interests overseas, and military forces or allies through 2015; updates assessments of theater ballistic missile forces worldwide; discusses the evolving proliferation environment; and provides a summary of forward-based threats and cruise missiles.  We examine future ballistic missile capabilities of several countries that have ballistic missiles and ballistic missile development programs.  Each country section includes a discussion of theater-range systems and current and projected long-range systems.

77. Totse.com | BCCI, The CIA And Foreign Intelligence www.totse.com BCCI, The CIA and foreign intelligence - The relationships involvingBCCI, the CIA, and members of the United States and foreign intelligence http://www.totse.com/en/politics/central_intelligence_agency/161758.html

About Community Bad Ideas Drugs ... ABOUT BCCI, The CIA and Foreign Intelligence BCCI, THE CIA AND FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE Introduction The relationships involving BCCI, the CIA, and members of the United States and foreign intelligence communities have been among the most perplexing aspects of understanding the rise and fall of BCCI. The CIA's and BCCI's mutual environments of secrecy have been one obvious obstacle For many months, the CIA resisted providing information to the Subcommittee about its involvement with and knowledge of BCCI. Moreover, key players who might explain these relationships are unavailable Some, including former CIA director William Casey, and BCCI customers and Iranian arms dealers Ben Banerjee and Cyrus Hashemi, are dead. Others, including most of BCCI's key insiders, remain held incommunicado in Abu Dhabi. While promising in public hearings to provide full cooperation to the Subcommittee, to date the Abu Dhabi government has refused to make any BCCI officers available for interview by the Subcommittee Former BCCI chairman Agha Hasan Abedi remains severely incapacitated due to a heart attack. Finally, some persons in a position to know portions of the truth have denied having any memory of events in which they participated and of documents which they reviewed.

78. Foreign Intelligence Literary Scene foreign intelligence Literary Scene. Published by the National Intelligence StudyCenter, 1800 K Street NW, Suite 1102, Washington DC 20006, Tel 202466-6029. http://www.namebase.org/sources/GR.html

Foreign Intelligence Literary Scene. Published by the National Intelligence Study Center, 1800 K Street NW, Suite 1102, Washington DC 20006, Tel: 202-466-6029. Subscriptions are included with NISC membership ($50/year). FILS is a very unique, rather esoteric, highbrow newsletter that has appeared bi-monthly in 12 dense pages since 1982. Until 1986 it was edited by its founder, Thomas F. Troy, and since then has been published by NISC under the editorship of Marjorie Cline (Ray Cline is president of NISC). Selected names that appeared in FILS were entered into NameBase beginning in 1985, but by 1989 we started losing interest. We were looking for new names of former or current intelligence professionals, and after a few years we felt that we already had most of what we were going to get. It's safe to say that no one else reads FILS for the same reason, so our current lack of interest has no particular significance. FILS readers tend to be intelligence analysts, or academics and historians with a keen interest in intelligence issues. They went to the right schools, they prefer footnotes and bibliographies, and most are probably multilingual and socially well-connected. They are elitist in that they believe in a strong intelligence community that finds them on the inside and the masses without a "need to know" on the outside. We find them to be tolerant and congenial when busy producing a newsletter, but if they were running the world we might have more than a few complaints.

79. Richelson,J. Foreign Intelligence Organizations. 1988 Richelson, Jeffrey T. foreign intelligence Organizations. foreign intelligenceOrganizations treats some the topics not covered earlier. http://www.namebase.org/sources/NG.html

Richelson, Jeffrey T. Foreign Intelligence Organizations. Cambridge MA: Ballinger Publishing, 1988. 331 pages. Richelson has written several books about the U.S. and Soviet intelligence services, and one on cooperation between the services of the U.S., U.K., Australia, Canada, and New Zealand (The Ties That Bind, with co-author Desmond Ball, 1985). "Foreign Intelligence Organizations" treats some the topics not covered earlier. It offers organization-chart overviews of the services of several countries, and summaries of some of the current issues. Included are the United Kingdom (GCHQ, SIS, MI5, DIS, Special Branch); Canada (RCMP, CSIS, CSE, FIB); Italy (SISDE, SISMI, and the P2 problem); West Germany (Nazis, Gehlen, BND, BfV); France (SDECE, DGSE, DST, and the Rainbow Warrior scandal), Israel (Mossad, Aman, Shin Bet, Lakam); Japan (Naicho, PSIA, commercial trade intelligence); and China (ILD, UFWD, MSS, MID, New China News Agency). China wins the award for domestic repression, and Italy comes in second with their neo-fascist plots and terrorism that they blame on the Left. (Italy's intelligence services are better-behaved than the Mafia, but not by much.) In the international dirty tricks department, little Israel probably wins on a per capita basis, but then the U.S., Soviets, Libya, and Iran aren't considered. This book includes almost 900 endnotes. ISBN 0-88730-122-3 This book was recently listed at addall.com

80. Foreign Intelligence Service foreign intelligence SERVICE. (SVR) Address Rossii, 101000, Kolpachnyyper., 11. Ph 923 61 23. Academy of foreign intelligence SVR. http://199.221.15.210/rusmil/ForeignIntelligenceService.html

SITE MAP Unclassified Revised: 20 December 2002 FBIS/Central Eurasia Program Directory of RF Defense Related Agencies and Personnel Main Index General Staff ... Unit Register FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SERVICE (SVR) Address: Rossii, 101000, Kolpachnyy per., 11. Ph: 923 61 23. Director - LEBEDEV , Sergey Nikolayevich, Col-Gen, appointed in May 2000 (ITAR-TASS, 20 May 00). Promoted to Col-Gen (Agentstvo Voyennykh Novostey, 22 Dec 00). ADDRESS: 119034, Moscow, Ostozhenka St., bldg. 51/10; Telephone: 429-30-09 (reception), 247-19-38 (press service) (RIA Novosti, 27 Jun 02). Academy of Foreign Intelligence Arms Control and NonproliferationDepartment Economic Department European Department ... (International Problems Department) Military-Political Department Press Bureau Translation Department U.S.-Canada Department Previous Directors: [TRUBNIKOV, Vyacheslav I., Gen Army, (ITAR-TASS 1126 GMT 10 Jan 96). (Rossiyskaya Gazeta 10 Feb 96 p 1). Promoted to General of The Army (Interfax 1752 GMT 21 Jan 98).] [PRIMAKOV, Yevgeniy (ITAR-TASS, 1253 GMT 28 Jan 93). (Obshchaya Gazeta, 23-29 Sep 94 p 8).] First Deputy Director - ZAVERSHINSKIY, V.I. (Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 5 Sep 01).

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