41. M.A. Degree Program Application foundations of democracy in America Political Theory Political Economy Art, Cultureand the Life of the Citizen Which Major concentration is your second http://www.yorktownuniversity.com/cf_forms/ma_degree_form.cfm

MA Degree Program Enrollment Application Enrollments in the MA Degree Program have been approved by the State Higher Education Council for Virginia. There is a $50 charge to apply for the MA Degree Program. Click "Purchasing Information" and access our secure E-commerce shopping cart. Title Mr. Ms. Miss Mrs. First Name (required) Middle Name Last Name (required) Home Address Address (cont.) City State/Province Select One Outside US and Canada Alabama Alaska Alberta American Samoa Arizona Arkansas Armed Forces Americas Armed Forces Europe Armed Forces Pacific British Columbia California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District Of Columbia Florida Georgia Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Manitoba Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Brunswick New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York Newfoundland North Carolina North Dakota Northern Mariana Is Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Ohio Oklahoma Ontario Oregon Palau Pennsylvania Prince Edward Island Quebec Puerto Rico Rhode Island Saskatchewan South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Yukon Territory Country Select One United States of America Canada Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda

42. Democracy Is About Communication This new decency jive outlaws portions of the Holy Bible. People need to understandthat this is not about sex, it's about the foundations of democracy. http://www.well.com/user/hlr/texts/democracy.html

Prev Next Index Democracy is About Communication By Howard Rheingold Every desktop computer connected to the Internet is a printing press, broadcasting station, place of assembly, with world wide reach. Every node on the network has the power to broadcast words, sounds, images, software, to every other node: Many to many communications. This unexpected technological leverage for ordinary citizens is threatening to those whose power and fortunes depend on the mass media, where a very small number of individuals have the power to control what large numbers of people can see and hear, read and write, witness and debate. This new power for individuals to report what they observe and argue about those reports also threatens those whose power and fortunes depend on forcing a narrow agenda on others, zealots who believe they are in the possession of such ultimate moral certainty that they have the right to impose their ideas on others. The threat of uncontrollable communications among citizens, not the pornographic pictures or taboo words that a tiny portion of the online population publish, is why freedom of expression is under attack. "Decency" is a smokescreen. It's about power.

43. PLS 101–Fall 96 M,W 5–Civil Rights). E. Cultural foundations of democracy Morris, Hentoff. EXAMI 100 points (Notice of exam will be given at least one week in advance.). http://courses.smsu.edu/mce348f/pls101.htm

SPRING 2000; M,W 4:00-5:15 PACB 302 OFFICE HOURS: 3:30-4:00; 5:15-6:00 M T W TH STATEMENT OF PURPOSE REQUIRED READINGS AND PURCHASES 1. Lasser, William (1999). American Politics: The Enduring Constitution, 2nd edition. 2. Simones, Anthony D. (1998). American Democracy and Citizenship: A Reader. Newsweek magazine (15 week subscription). 4. Political Science 101 examination package (see SMSU bookstore). EXAMINATIONS AND GRADES Semester grades will be based on: quiz; and NOTE: Students will have the opportunity to earn 7 extra credit points by writing a reaction paper to one of the videos shown in class. The paper must be 3-4 pages typewritten , double-spaced with 1" margins, and must include zero points Final course grades will be calculated as follows (based on 460 total points): NOTE : Final grades may be curved depending on overall class performance. Exams will be multiple choice, short answer, and essay in format. Please bring a #2 lead pencil and a computer graded answer sheet to all examinations (see examination package above). Paper for the short answer and essay questions will be provided in class by the instructor. Final grades will not posted and will not be released to students until after finals week.

44. LA Daily News NEW YORK Two teams of architects, one that sees the foundations of democracyin the concrete walls surrounding ground zero and another that imagines New http://www.dailynews.com/Stories/0,1413,200~20954~1158585,00.html

GetAd(5, 't', 468, 60, '/nws'); April 07, 2003 Los Angeles, CA Site Search Enter search term, hit enter key Advanced Search GetAd(20, 'l6', 120, 20, '/nws'); Classifieds Automotive Employment Real Estate ... Weather GetAd(2, 'l1', 120, 90, '/nws'); GetAd(3, 'l2', 120, 90, '/nws'); EMAIL ARTICLE LINK TO ARTICLE PRINT ARTICLE Article Published: Tuesday, February 04, 2003 - 8:54:49 PM PST A proposed design by an architectural team known as THINK seen at left, and architect Daniel Libeskind's proposed design for the rebuilding of New York's World Trade Center are seen in these file photos. (A.P.) OTHER ARTICLES IN THIS SECTION British forces adapting to new role in war Belmont redux: No solution found in latest study Fox dials up $15 million in new film War hits Baghdad, and people suffer ... Singapore terror attacks averted Democracy, culture tops in WTC site project By The New YorkTimes NEW YORK Two teams of architects, one that sees the foundations of democracy in the concrete walls surrounding ground zero and another that imagines New York's rebirth in soaring towers of culture, have been selected as finalists in the competition to create the design for the World Trade Center site, rebuilding officials said Tuesday. Each of the designs includes what would be the tallest building in the world, though in both plans, the towers' upper reaches are not occupied by offices. Rather, there is a memorial observation deck in one case, and a hanging garden in the other.

45. Partnerships In Service, Responsibility Leadership More Details Homes and families can contribute to making civil society work andstrengthen the moral and spiritual foundations of democracy. http://www.caux.ch/e/programm.html

A series of international conferences From conflict to community in the global home More details about ..... click Globalization... as if people really mattered Conference in Community O From clonflict to community at home the organizers goals O The Spiritual Factor in Secular Society: Can religions be partners in peace-building the costs O Peace-building initiatives travel details O Conflict prevention through human security the application O From conflict to community in the global home The wish that a new century would usher in a world transformed as if by magic lies in ruins. Cycles of violence and countermeasures have brought destruction, anger and fear in their wake. Communal hatreds have led to the deaths of hundreds of thousands of innocent victims. Mismanagement of the global economy leaves millions in abject poverty. There is an urgent need for integrity in human relationships; in economic life, in public governance. There is an urgent need for a dialogue of communities and civilizations, across cultures, religions and economic divides. There is an equal need for an inner journey of the human spirit, towards eternal spiritual values. This journey, beginning with us as individual people, can affect families, neighbourhoods and even the world. Hope is restored when individuals, groups and communities take courageous action to right wrongs and reach out to others. The course of history can change when the causes of desperation are recognized, justice is honestly pursued and hates are healed.

46. The Citizen Law-Related Education Program For The Schools Of Maryland foundations of democracy Curriculum Developed by the Center for Civic EducationThe foundations of democracy Series consists of curricular materials for use http://www.clrep.org/default.asp?page_name=tft

47. International Conference Of The Round Table On Archives effecting reparations. Subtheme 1 By serving all social groups, archivesare one of the foundations of democracy. Session 1 Their http://www.ica.org/citra/english/general_eng_2003.html

CITRA Français - ICA Quicksearch...- Bureau Programme CITRA 2001 CITRA 2002 ... Contact ICA - Secretariat 60 rue des Francs-Bourgeois 75003 Paris France ICA / credits International Conference on the Round Table of Archives (CITRA) General Programme 2003 Theme: Archives at the service of society as a whole. Over the last two centuries, archives have successively moved from being at the exclusive service of the sovereign's interests, then the State's, then historians', until today when they are at the service of the whole of society. Archives have a real political dimension and are one of the foundations of governance. Archives are among the guardians of the integrity of the collective memory and one of the important conditions under which citizens exercise their individual and collective rights. They play a particularly important role during political transitions, in times of change from totalitarian regimes to democracy (or vice versa); they are indispensable in restoring the rights of the oppressed and effecting reparations. Sub-theme 1: By serving all social groups, archives are one of the foundations of democracy.

48. Internews.org   Open Media Journalists Condemn Secrecy in American Trade Talks Threat To foundations of democracy, April 12, 2001 From the International Federation of Journalists THE http://www.internews.org/openmedia/openmedia_2001_apr.htm

ARCHIVE - April 2001 Global Press Freedom Improves Africa: the radio scene tells all China sentences ‘Internet dissident’ to four years in prison Zimbabwe launches major attack on free news media ... The Wired Age: China Arrives at a Moment of Truth Current stories in Open Media Watch Global Press Freedom Improves; Openings in Peru, Yugoslavia Spur Gains , April 30, 2001 From Freedom House In a major study released today, Freedom House finds that press freedom registered overall gains throughout the world in 2000. However, despite the positive trends reflected in the latest annual Survey of Press Freedom, freedom of expression was dealt a severe blow in a number of large and geopolitically important countries. Foundation Hirondelle Africa: the radio scene tells all , April 30, 2001 From UNESCO - by Eyoum Nganguè Radio, the most widely used medium in Africa, can only flourish on democratic soil, which helps to explain why private stations are thriving in the west and not in the centre of the continent .

49. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and the Moral foundations of democracy Dr.Daniel Mahoney. David Remnick, the editor of The New Yorker, has http://www.assumption.edu/magazine/archive/spring2000/Mahoney.html

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and the Moral Foundations of Democracy Dr. Daniel Mahoney David Remnick, the editor of The New Yorker, has recently written that "in terms of the effect he has had on history," the Russian Nobel Laureate Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn "is the dominant writer of the twentieth century. Who else compares? Orwell? Koestler?" Yet Remnick went on to add that when Solzhenitsyn's name comes up today in many academic and journalistic circles, "it is more often than not as a freak, a monarchist, an anti-Semite, a crank, a has-been." The man who more than any other living figure is responsible for exposing the totalitarian nature of communism in such masterpieces as The First Circle and The Gulag Archipelago is accused by some of wanting "new Gulags, new Ayatollahs." And yet, as Remnick adds, Solzhenitsyn has been a determined critic of Russian and Soviet imperialism, an advocate of strong, local self-government, a critic of the extremist nationalism and anti-Semitism of the Russian demagogue Valdimir Zhirinovsky (whom he has called "an evil caricature of a Russian patriot"), and the first to label the post-communist government of Russia an "oligarchy." Solzhenitsyn is, as I attempt to show in my book, a principled moderate-a critic of all political fanaticism. His hero-the hero of his great cycle of novels on the Russian Revolution, The Red Wheel, is Pyotr Stolypin, the prime minister of Russia between 1906 and 1911. A world-class statesman, Stolypin desired reform with revolution and introduced far-reaching land reform, which was the scourge of both the revolutionary Left and the autocratic Right. In his recently published October 1916, Solzhenitsyn writes eloquently of the difficulties of pursuing a "middle line" of social development, particularly in an age of ideological politics. "The loud mouth, the big fist, the bomb, the prison bars are of no help to you as they are to those at the two extremes. Following the middle line demands the utmost self-control, the most inflexible courage, the most patient calculation, the most precise knowledge."

50. Individuals And Community As Foundations For Democracy Individuals and Community foundations for democracy. a look at thewritings of three political theorists by Christy Taylor. How can http://www.smokylake.com/Christy/concerns/community.htm

Individuals and Community: Foundations for Democracy a look at the writings of three political theorists by Christy Taylor What we have in this part of the world (Canada and the USA) are divided people. Elshtain describes them as "rights-bearing individuals" who have forgotten that they once belonged to a community. Charles Taylor goes deeper into this subject of a fractious nation and comments about how people are more mobile these days then in the past, and people entering a country no longer always assimilate. We do not always share common values and ideas of what is right or wrong, and nor do we have shared traditions and cultures. We have instead a country of divided groups. How can we keep it so that people can continue to believe that the government represents them, even when the government doesn’t always do as they want? Another thing Elshtain mentions is the need for civil society, which she says the framers of the American Constitution took for granted. "By civil society I mean the many forms of community and association that dot the landscape of a democratic culture, from families to churches to neighborhood associations to trade unions to self-help movements to volunteer assistance to the needy." (pg 6). While the constitution writers might have taken these things for granted, Wendell Berry doesn’t take them for granted. These are the things he thinks are worth working for. They are part of the human experience, and needed. Elshtain describes democracy as being "a mode of participation with one’s fellow citizens animated by a sense of responsibility for one’s society." I think Wendell Berry would agree with this definition, even if he would disagree with where democracy is carried out. Democracy to him isn’t carried out in the parliaments or courthouses. Democracy for him is carried out within every day life, where individual people are making decisions to care for one another and live in a way with which to sustain life. This is what Elshtain wants when she talks about a new democractic social covenant, but it isn’t something she can name as clearly. She wants to rewrite the rules to the game of democracy, but she can’t see the strategic plays that should then be taken in the new field. Berry can see those. He sees specific steps that he feels should be taken. He puts a very physical location to democracy. It is here and now.

51. Foundations For Democracy foundations For democracy The United States of America was not the firstnation to form a democratic government; neither is it the last. http://www.angelmessage.org/pilgrimspromise/foundations_for_democracy.htm

Foundations For Democracy The United States of America was not the first nation to form a democratic government; neither is it the last. Throughout history, especially during the last two centuries, many states have established democracies. Most have failed. The French and American revolutions, for example, were nearly simultaneous events. Since then, France has periodically reorganized its republic and endured several emperors. America, on the other hand, has remained under its initial constitution. The success of American democracy has motivated advocates of freedom to try to duplicate its provisions in their native lands after liberating their nation from dictatorial and, sometimes, oppressive rulers. Despite their best efforts, the republics they formed generally disintegrated. Corruption, violence, and, even tyranny returned. Sometimes anarchy developed before the first elections could be held. More often than not, their citizens were no better off and, sometimes, much worse after their efforts were over. Today, South Africa is teetering as it tries to extend democratic privileges to all its citizens. Instead of expressing their desires with a ballot and submitting to the will of the majority, some are expressing their intentions with bullets and enforcing their will on the people. Perhaps fearful their own views will not be reflected in the results, they threaten bloodshed to undermine the elections.

52. Naßmacher Karl-Heinz Foundations For Democracy Translate this page Naßmacher Karl-Heinz foundations for democracy. Titel foundationsfor democracy Autor Naßmacher Karl-Heinz. Rubrik Kategorie http://www.fachbuch-arena.de/Nassmacher-Karl-Heinz-Foundations-for-Democracy-378

Naßmacher Karl-Heinz Foundations for Democracy Titel: Foundations for Democracy Autor: Naßmacher Karl-Heinz Rubrik: Kategorie: Allfrey Katherine Delfinensom... Welsh Renate Johanna.... Donnelly Elfie Servus Opa, sa... Levoy Myron Der gelbe Vogel.... ... Home

53. Zanzibar: Democracy On Shaky Foundations Zanzibar. democracy On Shaky foundations. ©ARTICLE19, LONDON. ISBN 1 902598 19 9. APRIL 2000. CONTENTS. http://www.article19.org/docimages/454.htm

Zanzibar Democracy On Shaky Foundations ISBN 1 902598 19 9 APRIL 2000 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS POLITICAL BACKGROUND The 1995 Elections and their Aftermath HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES SINCE 1995 ... Appendix A: THE LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN ZANZIBAR Constitutional Provisions The Press Broadcasting Defamation ... Appendix B: THE CUF EIGHTEEN INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS Return to contents As the October 2000 multiparty elections in Tanzania draw near, it appears increasingly likely that restrictions on freedom of expression and other fundamental freedoms will once again seriously undermine the democratic process on the autonomous island of Zanzibar. This can only have negative consequences for the credibility of the elections as a whole in Tanzania. Little progress has been made in building respect for human rights and a durable democracy in Zanzibar since 1995. There are still many laws in Zanzibar which are incompatible with genuine multi-party democracy and the international human rights treaties to which the United Republic of Tanzania, including Zanzibar, is a party. Taken together, these laws gravely undermine the Bill of Rights introduced in Zanzibar in 1985 following reform of the Constitution. Their use in restricting the media, freedom of expression, association and assembly in Zanzibar has led many to fear that Zanzibar's democracy rests on shaky foundations. In June 1999, a Commonwealth-brokered Agreement was signed by both the CCM and the CUF, under which the parties agreed to a package of measures which would address the long-running political crisis on the island – including reform of the Zanzibar Constitution, the judiciary and the electoral laws. The Commonwealth fixed a deadline of May 2000 for implementation of the Agreement but little progress has been made. At the time of writing, the Agreement appears still-born. This bodes ill for the elections scheduled for October 2000 and their aftermath.

54. Table 5 NGO/ BUSINESS CO-OPERATIONS NotFinanced, Co-operations, 4, foundations, 1, democracy, 2, Support throughvocational training of NGO members. Support through usage of equipment. http://www.partnersalbania.org/English/graphics/tabela 5.htm

Table 5 NGO/ BUSINESS CO-OPERATIONS Number of Co-operations Registration Status Sector of Activity Nature of Co-operations Age Range of Funding NORTH Financed Co-operations Associations Democracy Financial support from business for children's and students' activities. NGOs with 1-3 years old Lowest: 25 USD Women NGOs with 4-5 years old Youth NGOs with 6-11 years old Highest: 400 USD Environment Not-Financed Co-operations Associations Environment Support for NGO activities through office space usage. Support for publishing materials of NGOs free of charge. NGOs with 1-3 years old N/A NGOs with 4-5 years old NGOs with 6-11 years old CENTER Financed Co-operations Associations Women Financial support for children's and women's activities. Support for publications. NGOs with 1-3 years old Lowest: 40 USD Environment NGOs with 4-5 years old Highest: 100,000 USD Health/ Social Services NGOs with 6-11 years old Not-Financed Co-operations Foundations Democracy Support through vocational training of NGO members. Support through usage of equipment. NGOs with 1-3 years old N/A Youth NGOs with 4-5 years old Associations Business NGOs with 6-11 years old TIRANA Financed Co-operations Foundations Democracy Business as client for NGO.

55. Randall Curren - Democracy And The Foundations Of Morality PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION 1996. *** This essay is a response to Puolimatka. Democracyand the foundations of Morality. Randall R. Curren University of Rochester. http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/EPS/PES-Yearbook/96_docs/curren.html

Select - HOME 1992 Contents 1993 Contents 1994 Contents 1995 Contents 1996 Contents 1997 Contents 1998 Contents 1999 Contents Author Index PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION *** This essay is a response to Puolimatka Democracy and the Foundations of Morality Randall R. Curren University of Rochester Plunging into Professor Puolimatka's paper is like finding oneself in waters warmly familiar, comfortably deep, teeming with arguments which move tantalizingly past one in a discernable direction, but evade one's grasp and vanish when one approaches for a closer look. One as sympathetic as I am to democracy, rationality, and moral objectivity, could readily content oneself with the congenial pleasure of basking in the shimmering fishy spectacle of it all, little concerned about coming away from it empty-handed. But this is not the respondent's lot, nor the philosopher's vocation. Ours is not a calling to contentment and solidarity, but to reason. Must we say, with Professor Poulimatka, that democracy too is essentially a call to reason, to a public examination of the good society resting in objective criteria of assessment? Are solidarity and contentment with the deliberations transacted in the public spheres he envisions really not enough to make a society democratic? He argues that:

56. Network Of Democracy Assistance Foundations Network of democracy Assistance foundations. The Network of democracyAssistance foundations is a loose association of organizations http://www.wmd.org/asstfound/asst.html

Network of Democracy Assistance Foundations The Network of Democracy Assistance Foundations is a loose association of organizations that are publicly funded but non-governmental, and that are dedicated to the advancement of democracy in non-democracies and/or countries in transition to democracy. The network has met several times since 1993, and has grown considerably since that initial meeting. One of the network's objectives has been to encourage the establishment of additional such institutions. This Web page grew out of the discussion at a workshop on programmatic challenges facing these foundations held at the Second Assembly of the World Movement for Democracy, where participants expressed an interest in sharing ideas and experiences on an ongoing basis. What's New? * President Johannes Rau's speech to the delegates at the "Making Democracy Sustainable" conference held in Berlin, June 24-26, 2001. Profiles: Most of the information included here is taken from a questionnaire that was sent out following the Second Assembly workshop. The information contained in these profiles include background, mission, program/geographic priorities, and contact points. For additional material, individual web sites should be consulted. Additional feedback and interaction is encouraged by writing to democracyfoundations@ned.org

57. Network Of Democracy Assistance Foundations Network of democracy Assistance foundations. Meeting of democracy Assistancefoundations, June 2426, 2001. The Network of democracy http://www.wmd.org/asstfound/rau_06-24-01.html

Network of Democracy Assistance Foundations Meeting of Democracy Assistance Foundations, June 24-26, 2001 President Rau's remarks follow. Johannes Rau, President of the Federal Republic of Germany Reception of the Participants of the International Conference of "Institutions for the Promotion of Democracy" Bellevue Castle Tuesday, June 26, 2001 Welcome to Bellevue Castle. Your dialogue concerning the global promotion of democracy takes place in Germany this year for the first time. No other city would be a better symbol of the defeat of dictatorship and the division of Europe than Berlin. I am happy to welcome you at my official residence today. I whole-heartedly support your goals and efforts to achieve a closer co-operation of the foundations. Those who encourage democracy secure peace – or facilitate peace there where societies live without it, because its citizens do not benefit from elementary rights. Democracy lets societies breath. Therefore democracy is much more than an "institutional political order". In Germany and major parts of Europe democracy for a long time was not to be taken for granted. Even after 1945 dictatorial and authoritarian systems continued to exist or began to dominate in Eastern Europe, in some Western European countries and in many countries in Latin America and Asia. The support some of those regimes even got from the West is not a glorious chapter in the history of democracy.

58. Cooperating With Other Democracy Foundations Cooperating with other democracy foundations International cooperationfocuses on democracy promotion in Serbia Almost a year after http://www.ned.org/about/cooperation.html

Cooperating with other democracy foundations International cooperation focuses on democracy promotion in Serbia Almost a year after Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic began clamping down on independent media in Serbia in October 1998, NED and representatives from other democracy foundations and governments from around the world came together to discuss and coordinate their work to promote democracy in Serbia. On October 5, 1999, the Endowment organized and hosted the first meeting of the Serbian Democracy Coordinating Group, a forum that brought together 20 NGOs and eight governments to discuss democracy assistance in Serbia. The sharing of information among participants allowed each to see its work in a broader context. Learning what others are working on gives each funder an opportunity to make its programs more relevant and effective. Despite the broad array of participating organizations and governments, and many approaches to aiding the Serbian opposition, a sense of common purpose and a readiness to work together emerged from the five-hour discussion. While NED has been supporting independent media and other programs in Serbia, this international cooperation and deliberation helped all democracy foundations and donors involved in Serbia to strategize about how their support could best be provided, within a broader continuum, to this stricken area. NED also took the lead in organizing the Burma Donors Forum, another group of NGOs and representatives of various countries who meet periodically to compare and discuss their support to Burma's pro-democracy groups. A similar meeting on Belarus was held in December 1999.

59. Theoretical Foundations Of The Democracy And Local Governance Research Program Theoretical foundations of the democracy and Local Governance ResearchProgram*. Henry Teune. University of Pennsylvania. Background http://www.ssc.upenn.edu/dlg/foundations.html

Theoretical Foundations of the Democracy and Local Governance Research Program Henry Teune University of Pennsylvania Background Paper for the conference On Development of Democracy and Local Government in former Soviet Union and Western Democracies Goteborg University, June 15-19, 2000 The Democracy and Local Governance Research program targeted democratic change at the dawn of the Second Democratic Revolution in 1990. The First Democratic Revolution at the end of the eighteenth century had a universal appeal, but was trapped in the closing confines of nationalism. It spread in its Anglo-American context largely by the migrations of English speaking peoples, mainly to North America and Australia. Its continental version was diffused not only from ideas of the French Enlightenment but also by the armies of Napoleon. The Second Democratic Revolution occurred when the dynamics of economic globalization had taken hold. Economic globalization initially was a stronger force than that of appeals of democratic ideology. The costs of diffusion across physical space and the strong barriers of national boundaries had both been tempered. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the freeing its dependent states, the world not only opened up to ideas on a global scale but also the main alternative to democratic governance had been discredited. *A version of this paper was presented to the Conference on Democracy and Local Governance-Greece, Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly and the National Center of Public Administration, Athens, November, 1999.

60. Fostering Democracy - Foundations @ The Informal Education Homepage fostering democracy. What is democracy? What is the special contribution that informaleducators can make to fostering democracy? This is to foster democracy. http://www.infed.org/foundations/w-inf3.htm

search support encyclopedia archives ... forum fostering democracy What is democracy? What is the special contribution that informal educators can make to fostering democracy? Where does association fit in? Our aims as informal educators change. At one moment we may want to promote talk about home life. At another we may seek to make contact with a group. Yet while aims alter with situations, all educators, we argue, must share a larger purpose. This is to foster democracy. (Jeffs and Smith 1999: 34) Democracy is one of those words that gets chucked around. So what actually is it? Informal educators because of their focus on conversation and their involvement in community and other forms of 'associational' group have a special contribution to make to fostering democracy. Association - what actually is it? Why is it so important? Follow up At the end of Chapter 3 we suggest that you a piece by John Dewey and another by John Holt. One of these is in the archives: Dewey - The democratic concept in education Some questions to consider At the end of the chapter we give you some questions to think about - and we want to look briefly at each.

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