81. Icelanders Discover Greenland & Vínland (North America) (the S.c.nordic FAQ) The home pages for the Usenet newsgroup soc.culture.nordic Icelandersdiscover greenland Vínland (North America). 5.3.2 greenland. http://www.lysator.liu.se/nordic/scn/faq532.html

The home pages for the Usenet newsgroup soc.culture.nordic [ This page was initially edited in a version suitable to get printed [ Check if Lysator's faster www-server is up and running? ] Iceland 5.3.2 Greenland Greenland is said to have been discovered by a man called Gunnbjörn whose ship had gone off course. It was, however, Eiríkr Þorvaldsson (a.k.a Eric the Red) who explored and named the island, and ruled the first colony of settlers. He was born in Norway in the mid-10th century, but went to Iceland as a child after his father was banished from Norway. A violent man as he was, Eiríkr himself was banished from Iceland, and set forth on an expedition westward from Iceland. In 982 he got to Greenland (a name he gave to encourage settlers to go there), and spent the next three years exploring it. After that he returned to Iceland and led an expedition of 25 ships to settle (circa 986) in southwestern Greenland. This settlement survived until the late 15th century. Eiríkr himself settled at Brattahlið (Tunigdliarfik) in Greenland, where he died sometime after the year 1000. The most important written sources recounting the discovery and settlement of Greenland are Ari Þorgilsson's Íslendingabók and Landámabók. There are also two colorful sagas, Grænlendinga Saga (The Saga of the Greenlanders) and Eiríks saga rauða (The Saga of Eric the Red), but these were composed only in the early 13th century and are often fanciful and contradict each other in places.

82. Greenland Guide @ Nationalgeographic.com www.greenlandguide.gl Extensive site by the greenland National Tourist Board thatincludes activities, history, accommodations, airlines, culture, cruise lines http://www.nationalgeographic.com/traveler/archive/2000-07-5-0.html

SITE INDEX CURRENT ISSUE 50 PLACES OF A LIFETIME Get our picks for must-see destinations. TOURISM FORUM MESSAGE BOARDS Forum for travel tips and questions TRAVEL TOOLBOX Links for savvy travelers TRAVEL ADVISORIES Weather, road conditions, news, local events, more ELECTRONIC EXPLORER TRAVELER goes site-seeing. FAMILY TRAVEL Hints and links NGS PUBLICATIONS INDEX Search our complete TRAVELER index. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EXPEDITIONS Travel with our experts. REQUEST ADVERTISER INFO Features Rome Forum High-Speed Trains Alsace Greenland Hidden America Home Share your story MESSAGE BOARDS Related Products (hardcover book) The Discover (globe) The Complete National Geographic: 110 Years of National Geographic (DVD-ROM) A hiker pauses in front of Ilulissat Icefjord, which is about 25 miles (40 kilometers) long and 3,937 feet (1,200 meters) deep. Photograph by Diane Cook and Len Jenshel Greenland Web Resources traveler@ nationalgeographic.com Photograph by Diane Cook and Len Jenshel Ice Land People and Culture Mattak (whale blubber) is a popular Greenlandic delicacy. Carrie Miller is a TRAVELER associate researcher.

83. South Greenland 2001 - History This developed into the Dorset culture, a more advanced group who used sleds andcarved elaborate weapons; these however died out in South greenland prior to http://www.trentcollege.nott.sch.uk/expedit/gl2001/history/history.htm

Greenland 2001 Greenland History Early carving of a Viking warrior - click on the image for a larger version. National Dress - click on the image for a larger version. At their peak the Norse Greenland colonies comprised over 300 farms and 5000 people. They were centred on two areas; the “western” settlement or Vesterbygd and the “eastern” settlement or Osterbygd. The Western settlement was to be found around present day Nuuk - Greenland’s modern capital whilst the Eastern settlement was to be found in South Greenland from Herjolfnaes (near modern day Narsarmiit just south of Nanortalik) north to Eirik’s farm at Brattahlid (modern day Qassiarsuk - near the airport at Narsarsuaq). It is in the southernmost extension of the Eastern settlement or Osterbygd that our expedition will be situated. Leifur Eiriksson - click on the image for a larger version It was from the fjords of the Eastern settlement that Leif Eiriksson set out to colonise North America in about 1000 AD. Two great saga’s were written about this epic colonisation attempt - Graenlendinga Saga and the Saga of Eirikur Raude.By 1350 AD the Western settlement had been abandoned and after 1408 AD nothing was heard of the Eastern settlement. When ships from Europe next visited the area in 1530 AD no descendants of the Norse colonists remained. What actually happened to them is one of the great unanswered conundrums of history. Inuit Tupilak carved from Narwhal tooth or caribou antler - click image for a larger version.

84. The National Image Database Of Greenland Sisimiut Museum. The National Image Database of greenland. The web site 'culturegreenland' (www.culture.gl) has been running since February 2002. http://www.uaf.edu/uafrural/ISC/abstracts/WebAbstracts/Klaus_Hansen-National_Ima

KLAUS GEORG HANSEN Sisimiut Museum The National Image Database of Greenland The web site 'Culture Greenland' (www.culture.gl) has been running since February 2002. The site is a gateway to Internet resources on Greenland covering topics like education, sports, cultural institutions and events etc. The site is in English, in Danish, and in Greenlandic. As a special resource on 'Culture Greenland' The National Image Database of Greenland (www.culture.gl/picture) has been created. The purpose with this national image database is give access to as many as possibly of the many photographs and other images that exist of Greenland. Both 'Culture Greenland' and The National Image Database of Greenland are run by Sisimiut Museum. Museums, private persons, organizations, and companies are involved in the project. The paper will tell about the organizational construction around The National Image Database of Greenland with its up to 98 local image databases feeding the national image database with images and the paper will discus the principal ideas behind the project.

85. The Arctic Is culture greenland has the aim to maintain a list of as many as possibleof the web sites with topics on greenland's culture. Lonely http://www.thearctic.is/links.html

Arctic Circle has links, discussion, articles, virtual classrooms, maps and papers on different themes. Probably the most well known site for Arctic resources and information. Arctic Cyper Anthropology collection of Arctic links. Arctic Theme Page provides access to widely distributed Arctic data and information for scientists, students, teachers, academia, managers, decision makers and the general public. AMAP State of the Arctic Evironment Report report presenting the AMAP assessment on the status of the Arctic environment with respect to pollution. The Polar Web deals with the lands and waters surrounding the North Pole and the South Pole, and with other cold regions of the Earth. Culture Greenland has the aim to maintain a list of as many as possible of the web sites with topics on Greenland's culture. Lonely Planet provides useful information about some parts of the Arctic, standardised travel information.

86. ZUJI culture, Despite the culinary trend toward mix'n'match global cuisine, you'd haveto think twice before trying to rehabilitate traditional greenland fare. http://www.zuji.com.au/dest/guide/0,1277,ZUJIAU|3450|1271|1,00.html

About ZUJI Travel Resource Links Travel Resources Home Research a Destination Convert Currency Check Weather Check Visa Requirements Buy Travel Insurance Flight Arrival/Departure Info Book a Flight Find a Hotel Hire a Car Log-in Log-out Become a Member Site Map Travel Resources Home Destination Guides Travel Tools Regional Guide Introduction Fast Facts Best Time to Visit Money ... Maps Useful Travel Tools Check Weather Convert Currency Check Visa Requirements Flight Arrival/Departure Information ... Europe : Greenland Greenland Culture Although modern life has well and truly caught up with the Inuit in the form of warm-climate foods, computers, luxury cars and outboard motors, as little as 40 years ago Greenlanders were still practicing a traditional way of life that revolved around the hunt. They believed that humans were shades - more of the dead than of the living - and it was only the techniques and rituals of the hunt that kept them within the realm of the human. Any error in judgement would mean falling back into the earlier animal world. Harmony with the land, respect for the dead and due homage to the animals that sacrificed themselves for the good of humanity, were the hallmarks of a good hunter and kept the world from falling off its axis. Inuit folklore also told of a time when men could speak to animals; the words were shamanistic in character and delivery and held a tengeq or intrinsic power. If the words were uttered heedlessly they immediately lost their power. This belief may account for the Inuit's almost legendary reluctance to indulge in idle chitchat. Their brevity makes most non-Inuits look bold and brash.

87. The Greenland Theatre - Silamiut Find out about the music releases and drama workshops of this professional theater company. Contains an overview of a past performance. http://www.silamiut.gl/

88. The Peregrine Fund - Conservation Projects - Greenland History SELECT TOPIC, CLICK GO . http://www.peregrinefund.org/conserv_greenhistory.html

Greenland Summary Geography, Culture, and History Greenland is the largest island in the world, measuring 2,670 km from its northern to southern tips, but it has a human population of only about 50,000. All of Greenland has an Arctic climate (mean temperatures below +10 E C for the warmest month). Eighty-five percent of its 2,175,600 sq km area is covered with a massive ice cap that reaches 3,200 m near the center and is over 1,370 m thick in places. Only the Antarctic ice sheet is larger. It holds 9% of the world's fresh water and if all the ice were to melt, the world's oceans reportedly would rise six to seven meters. Annual snows accumulate on the cap and due to weight, the ice flows out toward the edges. From the central mass, ribbons of ice descend along mountain valleys and ravines, pushing hills or large rocks and gravel before them. At other times, the glacier may crown or appear to hang atop high cliff faces. The glacier directly joins the sea in some locations and may move at rates up to 25-30 m each day, berthing icebergs the size of city blocks. The native people of Greenland are believed to be descendants of aboriginal hunters and the "Thule Culture" which probably came to Greenland about the same time as the Norsemen who later vanished. The native peoples (Eskimo culture) of the Arctic are known more traditionally as Inuit"the People." The term "Greenlander" is usually given to all native people of Greenland. The native people of northwestern Greenland, who distinguish themselves from other West Greenlanders, are given their own name by themselvesInuhuit meaning "great and beautiful human beings." Northwest Greenland is known as the Thule District or Avanersuaq.

89. About Greenland - And BUK Study Tour Katuaq greenland’s Cultural Centre. Katuaq - greenland’s CultureCentre is situated in the centre of Nuuk. The Centre opened http://valhalla.norden.org/eng/info_uk/countries/gr_land.html

Special feature: Greenland September 2000 By Ida Zeruneith BUK on a study tour of Greenland Greenland's way to independence Greenland today Culture and education ... N.A.P.A. - Nordic Institute in Greenland Photos: Greenland's Home Rule Government and the University Greenland's Culture Centre and the Nordic Institute Children and youth in the capital Nuuk BUK on a study tour of Greenland During the latest years, wishing to strengthen the contacts with the Nordic centres, institutes and information offices, , has undertaken a number of study tours. In 1998 a trip was made to the Nordic Information Office in Riga. One year later, in March 1999, a visit was paid to the Nordic Information Office in Vilnius. The first institution visited by BUK was Since 1720, when the Danish priest, Hans Egede, came to Greenland, within 100 years a number of colonies were settled along the West coast. Hans Egede laid the foundations of what today is the capital Nuuk. For the first time the foundations of the old Danish colonial rule were shaken in 1953, when due to a change in the Danish Constitution Greenland was given the status of a county (amt) with the right to have two representatives in the Danish Parliament (Folketing). Subsequently, young Greenlanders started to go to Denmark to be educated there. In 1958 Greenlandic Ministry was established and Greenlandic Committee was appointed with representatives from both nations.

90. Culture And Arts In Randburg Government Jurisdiction in the areas of culture, Education and Church, GreenlandDuring the last few generations, rapid development has sharpened focus on the http://www.randburg.com/culture.html

Search Randburg - Search Iceland Culture at Randburg Allister MacGillivary Canada Song For The Mira, Allister MacGillivary and Sea Cape Music Ltd. presents Cape Breton Music At Its Best. The Arni Magnusson Institute Iceland The Institute contains the Icelandic manuscripts that were returned to the people of Iceland between 1971-1997, after being kept for centuries in Denmark. Among the most valuable items were the oldest extant manuscript of the Poetic Edda, the Codex Regius and the Flateyjarbók (The Book of Flatey). Art Gallery Fold Iceland Art Gallery Fold is an art gallery in Iceland, selling beautiful art work. The main gallery is located in the heart of Reykjavik and two other galleries are based in the biggest malls of Iceland, Kringlan and Smaralind. Hand sculpted Angel Statuettes Iceland Beautiful hand sculpted Angel statues from Iceland. A blessing and a treat for the eye. Arctic Nature Iceland Arctic Nature prides itself on providing a diversity of high-quality products from Iceland and Norway. We deal only directly with the producers and can therefore offer you these products for a very affordable price. Now you can buy our products on-line! Árbæjarsafn, Folk museum Reykjavik

91. Government Describes the role of Government in its jurisdiction over Greenlandculture, the education of its peoples and Churches. Category http://www.ad.com/Regional/North_America/Greenland/Government/

search Top Greenland Bureau of Mineral and Petroleum Information about the government agency responsible for administration, coordination, and regulation services for Greenland's minerals and petroleum sectors. Category: Regional > North America > Greenland > Government http://www.bmp.gl/ENGLenglish/ENGL_00-index.html Greenland Home Rule An essay that explains the structure and working of Home Rule. Category: Regional > North America > Greenland > Government http://www.gh.gl/uk/govern/organiza.htm Greenland Home Rule Official site of The Government of Greenland. Provides information in English, Greenlandic and Danish. Category: Regional > North America > Greenland > Government Greenland Homerule - Economy Newsletter December 1998 Economic Development news, accomplishments and future plans by the Home Government. Category: Regional > North America > Greenland > Government http://www.gh.gl/uk/economy/economy.htm Political Resources on the Net - Greenland 2:3 Index of Greenland's political sites available on the Internet, with links to political parties, organizations and governments. Category: Regional > North America > Greenland > Government http://www.politicalresources.net/greenland3.htm

92. 22 March 2002 and the Church, Government of greenland. The strength of greenland'sculture and people is immediately visible, Mr. Ootes said. http://siksik.learnnet.nt.ca/news/news2001/22_Mar_2002.htm

Date: Fri, 22 Mar 2002 16:41:49 -0700 Subject: Meeting Highlights Potential for Co-operation between NWT and Greenland NUUK (March 22) Ministers from both the Government of Greenland and the Northwest Territories met on Tuesday during the Arctic Winter Games in Nuuk, Greenland to discuss mutual interests in areas such as education, culture, research and sports. GNWT Minister of Education, Culture and Employment Jake Ootes, and Minister of Municipal and Community Affairs Vince Steen met with Hon. Lise Lennert, Minister of Culture, Education, Research and the Church, Government of Greenland. "The strength of Greenland's culture and people is immediately visible," Mr. Ootes said. "Not only in the context of sports and the Arctic Winter Games, but in the cultural initiatives and education programs of the Greenland government. This strength is of great interest to the NWT and one from which we can learn and benefit. In 1989, the Governments of the Northwest Territories and Greenland entered into a Memorandum of Understanding to co-operate in a number of areas including education and cultural exchanges, wildlife research, fisheries and tourist ventures.

93. Greenland National Image Database A number of museums, and organisations in greenland contribute withimages to the greenland National Image Database. Since June http://www.kultur.gl/gnbd2_uk.htm

A number of museums, and organisations in Greenland contribute with images to the Greenland National Image Database. Since June the 18th 2002, the database containes 2,647 images. The number of images will continue to increase. We appretiate any kind of comments or eventual informations and corrections. Please contact Klaus Georg Hansen, Sisimiut Museum, E-mail: kgh@greennet.gl Search the database Advanced search Search Help Some of the images may be used for non-commercial purposes in newspapers, journals, and pamphlets when stating: Source: The National Image Database of Greenland. The images must not be resold, and must not be used in advertisements or commercially in any other ways. Other pictures can only be used on payment of a fee. About the system behind the database.

94. Student Travel Deals And Cheap Airfares Museums The National Museum in Nuuk contains displays on greenland'sculture and history, as well as artifacts like dogsleds and kayaks. http://www.studentuniverse.com/travel_guides/europe/denmark/greenland.jsp

95. Nordisk Korthandel, Scanmaps ApS greenland, Temabanner. On this page you will find guides and traveldescriptions for greenland. Furthermore, we have found a great http://www.scanmaps.com/rejseinspiration/theme/greenland.php3

Travel Inspiration Webshop Themes Postcard ... Delivery and payment terms GREENLAND On this page you will find guides and travel descriptions for Greenland. Furthermore, we have found a great variety of links that all can be relevant when the travel destination is Greenland. There are links to online Greenlandic papers, the local weather, tour operators, the official tourist guide for Greenland - and much more. G U I D E S Maps Greenland in General The Greenlandic Statistic Information Service The Greenland Home Rule The Official Guide to Greenland Tour Operators Arctic Adventure - tour operator Topas - Greenland Trekking and Adventure. Tour operator. Greenlandair Inc. - an airline that flies both national and international What to do Greenland Guide - The official tourist guide Welcome to Qaanaaq - homepage for the Thule area Ammassalik Museum - a new museum that opened in 1990 Katuaq - Greenland Culture Center Shoppingcart: items. Total price: Dkk Euro. Search: Nordisk Korthandel Studiestræde 26-30 . 1455 Copenhagen K. phone: 33 38 26 38 . Fax: 33 38 26 48 . Information s c a n m a p s . d k

96. Greenland!! This has left its mark in the East greenland dialect and the old culturethat has felt little influence by outside forces. In fact http://www.icelandadventure.com/greenland1.html

(And Greenland, Too) Greenlanders can't imagine a land more beautiful than theirs. They may be right about that. While travelling with Greenlanders we discovered that, like ourselves, they often stop to look at the scenery. Most villages have a well-worn path or even sets of steps that lead to a vantage point with the best view. We are "packaging" some easy ways to get to Greenland. We've often sent travelers as side trips from Iceland and now that we've visited Greenland and talked to guides and outfitters we can explain the choices that our clients will be making in traveling there. East Greenland. It's relatively easy to reach, it offers a glimpse of a culture far removed from the modern "busyness" world and very few people have seen and experienced landscapes like this. If you have the inclination and the time you can also get over to the West Coast. The East coast of Greenland is called "Tunu" It's a Greenlandic word that means the "back "of the country. The center of his area is Ammassalik, (or as it is lately being known, Tasiilaq). Because of its geographical location this area is, and always has been, relatively isolated in from the rest of Greenland (and, as one might guess, from the rest of the world).

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