41. World66.com's Travel Guide To Kazakhstan kazakhstan history. Asia http://www.world66.com/Page.Asp?Loc=394&Sec=655

42. History Of Kazakhstan. history of kazakhstan. In 1991, new country the Republic of the world.kazakhstan has a multi-millennia history and culture. One of the http://www.inter-sat.com/russianfriend/cities/kazakhstan/history.htm

History of Kazakhstan In 1991, new country - the Republic of Kazakhstan - appeared on the geopolitical map of the world. Kazakhstan has a multi-millennia history and culture. One of the central question is the origin of it's native people, Kazakhs, and the development of their statehood, culture, traditions, and relations with other civilizations. If written sources are examined, it can be concluded that the Kazakh statehood was completely formed by 1470 when sultans Janibek and Girey organized numerous tribes in the southeastern areas and combined them into a single 'Kazakh' tribe. In the beginning of the 16th century, when Kasymkhan ruled over these lands, the Kazakh khanate strengthened: its borders were expanded and the khanate included the cities of Turkestan, Otrar, Sairam, Sauran, Sygnak, Suzak and Chimkent which were located on the Syr Darya river. Kazakhs became well-known both in Europe and Asia. The 16th century is a milestone in the Muslim world history. This was the time when a new age began. V. Bartold, an outstanding orientalist, wrote: "In the new history of Islam, the pace of changing dynasties, the general instability of power, and small states where no patriotism could exist came to there opposite - uniting of states which took place there. We see the Muslim empire of Great Mogul in India, then Turkey, Persia...". That was the approximate time when the Kazakh, Bukhar, and Yarken khanates were established in Central Asia. Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Kyrgyzes, and Karakalpaks, all speaking Turkic languages, claimed their rights in the historic arena.

43. ICARP - Kazakhstan Flags of the World kazakhstan This site provides a current representation ofthe flag of kazakhstan and detailed description and history of the flag. http://www.icarp.org/kazakh.html

44. Expedia.co.uk Travel Guide Hotels Flights And Car Hire To kazakhstan, history and Government history Archaeological excavations indicate thatthe south of kazakhstan was inhabited by man as early as the Palaeolithic http://www.expedia.co.uk/daily/wg/P41797.asp

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45. GlobalEDGE (TM) | Country Insights - History Of Kazakhstan http//globaledge.msu.edu kazakhstan history. The nomadic Turkictribes who settled in what is now known as kazakhstan in the 8th http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/CountryHistoryPrint.asp?CountryID=201&RegionID=3

46. GlobalEDGE (TM) | Country Insights - History Of Kazakhstan history. The nomadic Turkic tribes who settled in what is now known as Kazakhstanin the 8th century were conquered by the Mongols in the 13th century. http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/CountryHistory.asp?CountryID=201&RegionID=3

47. ESA - Odissea Mission - Baikonur From The Steppes Of Kazakhstan are launched into space from the Baikonur cosmodrome in kazakhstan for their Literally,because Baikonur is a place of real space history, linked with the name http://www.esa.int/export/esaMI/Odissea_Mission_ENGLISH/ESAV50QV16D_0.html

ESA Home Odissea Mission Human Spaceflight Astronauts ... ISS 09-Apr-2003 06:41 UT Odissea Mission What is Odissea? Experiments in space History of Baikonur B.USOC Meet the crew Frank De Winne Sergei Zaletin Yuri Lonchakov Aleksandr Lazutkin ... Expedition Five Frequently Asked Questions Being an astronaut Training for the mission The Odissea mission The International Space Station ... The future Odissea Gallery Image Gallery Video Gallery LIVE mission coverage ESA TV satellite coverage LIVE webstreaming Search All ESA Home Advanced Search Odissea Mission A Soyuz rocket is transferred to the launch pad Baikonur: from the steppes of Kazakhstan to space When Frank De Winne, Sergei Zaletin and Yuri Lonchakov are launched into space from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for their taxi mission to the International Space Station (ISS) they will be following in some very illustrious footsteps. Literally, because Baikonur is a place of real space history, linked with the name of Sergei Pavlovich Korolev. It is a story of triumph, tragedy and disappointment but also of hope and future. Baikonur was once at the heart of the super-secretive space programme of the former Soviet Union. Today the launch base of all Russian manned space missions is situated in independent Kazakhstan. There the Russians hire the 5500 square-kilometre cosmodrome territory. Nowadays Europeans and Americans are regular visitors. Their satellites are launched from Baikonur or their astronauts travel into space on board a Soyuz spacecraft.

48. The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Kazakhstan The Virtual Jewish history Tour. kazakhstan. by Alden Oreck. Jews inkazakhstan have a relatively short history. While some Bukharian http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/vjw/Kazakhstan.html

The Virtual Jewish History Tour Kazakhstan by Alden Oreck Jews in Kazakhstan have a relatively short history. While some Bukharian Jews from neighboring Uzbekistan have settled in Kazakhstan, the majority of Kazakh Jews are Ashkenazi , arriving as Russian army conscripts as early as the 17th century. No synagogues date back to this period; services were usually held in private homes. Under Communism, thousands of Jews were exiled by Stalin from the Pale of Settlement to Kazakhstan for practicing Judaism , most notably, Levi Yitzchak Schneerson, father of the late Lubavitcher rebbe, Menachem Mendel Schneerson . During World War Two, approximately 8,500 Holocaust -fleeing Jews settled in Kazakhstan. Today, between 12,000 and 30,000 Jews live in Kazakhstan. They are predominately Russian-speaking and identify with Russian culture. Approximately 2,000 are Bukharian and Tat (Caucasion Mountain Jews). Almaty is the main Jewish center of the country, with approximately 10,000. Smaller Jewish communities are spread out across this large country (four times the size of Texas) in places such as Karaganda, Chimkent, Astana, Semiplatinsk, Kokchetav, Dzhambul, Uralsk, Aktyubinsk, Petropavlovsk and several villages. The Chabad Community Center in Alamaty The Kazakh Jewish community is fairly stable and organized. More than 20 Jewish organizations, both secular and religious, currently work to improve Jewish religious and cultural life. The Mitzvah Association (an umbrella organization), Chabad Lubavitch, the Joint Distribution Committee and Jewish Agency for Israel are among the most visible. In December 1999, the All-Kazakhstan Jewish Congress was created to unify the Jewish communities of Kazakhstan. Many government officials, as well as the U.S. Ambassador attended the founding session.

49. Kazakhstan Maps, Pictures, History And More kazakhstan. Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassyinfo, flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email http://www.worldrover.com/country/kazakhstan_main.html

Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Kazakhstan Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassy info, flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email us if you have any questions or suggestions. Search the Net for: Travel Guides source: CIA World Factbook 1999 Vital Statistics Brief History Embassy Info Travel Guides Search Net: Term Paper Search Net: Travel Free Clip Art w/ Flags! Slash your student loans 53%!! Thanks Uncle Sam!! home ... embassies

50. Kazakhstan - Government, History, Population, Geography And Maps Search the Net history; 100% Free Clip Art including world flags and 1000's moreimages and photos! kazakhstan source CIA World Factbook 1998, kazakhstan. http://www.worldrover.com/vital/kazakhstan.html

Search the Net: History 100% Free Clip Art including world flags and 1000's more images and photos! Kazakhstan source: CIA World Factbook 1998 Kazakhstan Geography [Top of Page] Location: Central Asia, northwest of China Geographic coordinates: 48 00 N, 68 00 E Map references: Commonwealth of Independent States Area: total: 2,717,300 sq km land: 2,669,800 sq km water: 47,500 sq km slightly less than four times the size of Texas Land boundaries: total: 12,012 km border countries: China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846 km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km Coastline: km (landlocked) note: Kazakhstan borders the Aral Sea (1,015 km) and the Caspian Sea (1,894 km) Maritime claims: none (landlocked) Climate: continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid Terrain: extends from the Volga to the Altai Mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oasis and desert in Central Asia Elevation extremes: lowest point: Vpadina Kaundy -132 m highest point: Zhengis Shingy (Pik Khan-Tengri) 6,995 m Natural resources: major deposits of petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, chrome ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium

51. History - Republic Of Kazakhstan - "Mitsva" Association Of Kazakhstan history OF THE REPUBLIC OF kazakhstan. In 31 BC appeared the StateKangyu and in 6-8 centuries appeared Turkic Kaganat - the State http://www.mitsva.kz/regkaz/republic_e.shtml?3

52. The First Book About The History Of Jews In Kazakhstan - Almaty - "Mitsva" Assoc THE history OF JEWS IN kazakhstan (XIX THE BEGINNING OF XX CENTURY). Mitsva Association of the Republic of kazakhstan, Jewish http://www.mitsva.kz/events/2001/histbook/index_e.shtml

Search ARCHIVE ALMATY EVENTS THE HISTORY OF JEWS IN KAZAKHSTAN (XIX - THE BEGINNING OF XX CENTURY) "Mitsva" Association of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Jewish Congress, and Almaty Jewish Community Center present the first collected articles. about second edition... Today studying the past of Jews in Russian Empire and Soviet Union is keen interest of many people. Many articles, essays and books dedicated to different aspects of this theme have been published and have been publishing recently. Nevertheless, there are a lot of things that should be done because not all of them are studied. Particularly, the history of Jews in huge territory of modern Kazakhstan has not been studied properly till present day. The presented collected articles is the first and the only try to cover in a general way the life of Jewish population of Kazakhstan that time - the remote area of tsarist Russia. The collected articles consists of two parts: articles and documents. The articles of the candidate of historical science Tatyana Volkova "The peculiar properties of establishment of Jewish Diaspora in Kazakhstan" and Isaac Greenberg "At the border line of expulsion" tell about general questions of the history of Jews of the region; the region was different from other administrative areas of pre-revolutionary Russia. The difference was in ethnicity and classes diversity of comparatively small number of people of Kazakhstan and special military and bureaucratic executive system. The essay by Almaty regional specialist Vladimir Proskurin "Jews in Semirechye" is very original essay about real inhabitants of Vernyi City who were the members of the Vernyi Jewish Community.

53. History, Atyrau (Guriev), Kazakhstan The region's history, At the present day on the territory of this small settlement,the western kazakhstan expedition led by Z. Samashev is still carrying out http://www.atyrau-city.kz/Eng/history_e.htm

54. SOMARC: Social Marketing History Is Made In Kazakhstan kazakhstan's political and economic history has been the antithesis of privateenterprise; and privatization is a new and daring investment adventure. http://www.tfgi.com/hl_1_95.asp

Site Map Home Page About Futures - Main Offices - Futures Overseas Offices - Directions - Staff Directory - Employment Opportunities - Futures Group Europe Resources - Family Planning - HIV/AIDS - Youth - Population - Reproductive Health - Private Sector Expansion - Gender - Environment - Nutrition - Social Marketing - Communications - Policy Analysis - Computer Modeling - Evaluation - Research - Training Projects - CIHI - Commercial Market Strategies - Evaluation - FOCUS - FPLM - GENESYS - HORIZONS - Intl Family Planning Effort - MNPI - OPTIONS - PASCA - The POLICY Project - POPTECH - PHNI - RAPID - SOMARC - Strengthen Safe Motherhood - Indonesia: HAPP - Jamaica: Adolescent RH - Madagascar: Healthier Families - Mali: Youth - Nepal: Iodized Salt - Vietnam: NCPFP - Yemen: FHFP I Products - Software - Publications Consulting Opportunities Contact Us Site Search January, 1995: Issue 1 SOMARC: Social Marketing History is Made in Kazakhstan Social marketing history was made in Kazakhstan on Nov 8 with the inauguration of the Red Apple initiative, a contraceptive social marketing program. Prior to this launch, the private sector market for this type of product was virtually non-existent. With the blessings of the Kazakhstan Ministry of Health and United States Agency for International Development, SOMARC is successfully establishing the market as well as dramatically expanding the distribution system through pharmacies and other outlets. In addition, SOMARC has convinced have international pharmaceutical manufacturers to enter this previously undeveloped market under the Red Apple banner with seven products, have brands of pills, a condom, and an injectable.

55. Kazakhstan Travel: Kazakhstan Travel Agency, Kazakhstan Tour Season April to October. Destination Uzbekistan, kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan. ActivityArcheology/history, Cultural Expeditions, Ecotourism. Duration 23 days. http://www.biztravel.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/Kazakhstan.html

Home Categories Active Adventure Affinity Family Hobby ... Sports Destination Africa Asia Australia Caribbean ... South America Unique Stays Castle Hotel Eco Lodge Resorts Diving Kazakhstan Travel Faces of Central Asia Season: May to September Destination: Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Kazakhstan Activity: Cultural Expeditions Driving Tours Duration: 17 days Price: $1640 and above Central Asia Trail Season: April to October Destination: Uzbekistan Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Activity: Archeology/History Cultural Expeditions Ecotourism Duration: 23 days Price: $3995 and above Trans Siberian 100th Anniversary Steam Express Season: June to July Destination: Russia Mongolia Kazakhstan Activity: Railway Trips Luxury Trains Holiday Tours Duration: 21 days Price: $5264 and above Tien-Shan Mts and Cities of the Great Silk Road Season: July to September Destination: Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Activity: Camping Motorcoach Tours Mountain/Rock Climb Duration: 18 days Price: $2800 and above Mountain Climbing in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan Season: July to September Destination: Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Activity: Mountain/Rock Climb Ice Climbing Duration: 28 days Price: $2300 and above Tien Shan trekking Season: June to September Destination: Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Activity: Trekking Duration: 12 days Price: $237 and above Along Silk Road in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan Season: April to November Destination: Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Activity: Archeology/History Art/Architecture History Tours Duration: 13 days Price: $999 and above TOUR TO MARBLE WALL PEAK (6400 M.)

56. Bronze History: Almaty, National Park, Rest, Kazakhstan, Kazakstan, Mountains, R Bronze history. Tour Operator KazTour . During the five days youwill make engrossing trip that will open to you kazakhstan. The http://www.biztravel.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/9745.html

Home Categories Active Adventure Affinity Family Hobby ... Sports Destination Africa Asia Australia Caribbean ... South America Unique Stays Castle Hotel Eco Lodge Resorts Diving Are you interested? Want to learn more about this tour, order travel brochures, pose questions to the tour operator or book this tour? Click for details. Bronze History KazTour Click here for info Your Itinerary Day 1: Arrival to Almaty city. Meet. Transfer from airport to hotel. Room. Free time of tourist. B L D Day 2: Excursions around Almaty city (City museums,28soldiers park,highmountain skating-ring Medeo,Orthodox Cathedral). Arbat walk. B L D Day 3: Road to Ashen grove,National Park “Altyn-Emel”,Red rocks, white rocks, Singing dunes. Placement in National yurt. B L D Day 4: Road to Besshatyr, mounds, Kizilauyz, figured rocks, Tamgaly-Tas - rock pictures. Kapchagay reservoir, rest zone. B L D Day 5: Rest on beach, catamarans, Air-balloon, swimming. Road to Almaty, Festive dinner, sauna. Free time of tourist until airport transfer. B L D Legend: (B) Breakfast, (L) Lunch

57. History Of Kazakhstan The summary for this Japanese page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.eastedge.com/kazakhstan/history.html

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58. ÊÀÇÏÎ×ÒÀ - Î Êîìïàíèè history OF kazakhstan POST. kazakhstan Post has longstanding historicaltraditions. According to archival funds of postal and telegraph http://www.kazpost.kz/kazpost_history_e.html

59. PetersNet: Unknown, History Of The Catholic Church In Kazakhstan The author of this document is Unknown. The title is history Of The CatholicChurch In kazakhstan. history Of The Catholic Church In kazakhstan. http://www.petersnet.net/browse/4186.htm

PetersNet Document Database from Trinity Communications Visit PetersNet for access to our complete Catholic search engine. History Of The Catholic Church In Kazakhstan Author: Unknown Title: History Of The Catholic Church In Kazakhstan Larger Work: L'Osservatore Romano Pages: Vatican, 26 September 2001 Description: A brief history of the Catholic Church in the former Soviet territory of Kazakhstan. History Of The Catholic Church In Kazakhstan The Catholic Church has deep roots in Kazakhstan. Historians at Tashkent University say that as early as the second century AD in the town of Merv, today known as Mary, (on the Uzbekistan border in southern Kazakhstan) there were Christians among Roman soldiers taken prisoners after a battle they lost against the Persians. A bishop's see existed there in the year 334. In the same place, at the end of the fourth and the beginning of the fifth centuries, there was a Melkite monastery. In the south there were also Nestorian communities. Until the 13th century, under the rule of a Nestorian Patriarch, there were 25 metropolitan sees and about 150 bishops. One of these metropolitan sees was at Marcanda (Samarkand), the ancient capital of Sogdiana, a famous historical-cultural region of Central Asia. In the second half of the seventh century, Metropolitan Ilia of Merv probably took part in the conversion of the Turks. The conversion of the Kagan of the Turks is attributed to this Bishop. In the seventh and eighth centuries, Nestorian Christianity spread through southern Kazakhstan and Semiretchinsk (Turkmenistan) and later in the ninth and 10th centuries led to the founding of the Metropolitan See of Karluki. Christian churches still exist in Taraz and Mirke. In Taraz today there are still Christian families of Syrian origin (easily recognized by their dark skin) who claim that their ancestors went there to escape persecutions, the memory of which has been lost in time. In the year 1009, Nestorian missionaries baptized one of the numerous groups of Mongol speaking ethnic Kereiti whose Khan took the Christian name Mark, Marguz. In the same period the Nestorian tendency spread among other peoples of Central Asia, and the Metropolitan Sees of Kachgar (Xinjiang, China) and Navakheta were established.

60. Information System Escort Kazakhstan history of kazakhstan. Almaty is a relatively new city, but it isheir to the many influences which have shaped Central Asia. This http://www.escort.kz/cgi-bin/escort/f.pl?r=e-res&m=history

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