61. Seven Hills Observatory Light Pollution Page Assistant Directors John Kozak, Kay Wolfe Staff Randy Heckman, Jay Rasmussen.Seven Hills Observatory light pollution Page. light pollution Links! http://204.234.8.16/~7hills/light.htm

Kearney Nebraska Director - Mark Urwiller Assistant Directors: John Kozak, Kay Wolfe Staff: Randy Heckman, Jay Rasmussen Seven Hills Observatory Light Pollution Page Help Stop Wasting Two Billion Dollars A Year! Night lighting (other than that originally provided by nature) has become a fact of life. They have unfortunately become necessary in many cases. However,we here at Seven Hills Observatory would like to bring to public awareness that not all lights are necessary and most could be adapted in such a way to provide the same level of security and safety AT A LOWER COST! The graphic above is linked to a larger format version (68kb) which gives you an idea what we are talking about. This photo (which I believe is in the public domain) is a view of the United States from space at night taken by satellite. The point we are trying to make by this photo is - everything you see here is wasted light! The need for light exists here on terra firma, but not up there! In addition, the wasted scattered light makes enjoyment and study of the night sky more difficult. Ideas are being put forth by several groups to provide ways to shield light fixtures in order to direct the light DOWN where it is needed. If these fixtures are installed, the wattage of the bulbs used can be decreased and still provide the same amount of light and security where it's needed. THAT SAVES MONEY!

62. Fatal Light Awareness Program Home Page Information on how light pollution affects birds, and what steps must be taken to save the lives of birds by reducing lighting. http://www.flap.org/

Welcome This site is best viewed at 1024 X 768 pixels.

63. The Fading Milky Way light pollution is a growing environmental problem that threatens to erase thenight sky before its time. Fortunately, light pollution is reversible. http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2001/ast01nov_1.htm

The Fading Milky Way Light pollution is a growing environmental problem that threatens to erase the night sky before its time. Listen to this story via streaming audio , a downloadable file , or get help November 1, 2001: Cosmologists speculate that 10 years from now (a mind-boggling stretch) the stars in our relentlessly expanding Universe could run out of fuel and fade from view. The night sky, once the TV set of ancient peoples, will become dull and boring: a blank tableau with no stars or nebulae. Sounds like an astronomer's nightmare! Fortunately, the stars themselves won't go out for a very long time. But researchers say the night sky is already fading. A recent study revealed that perhaps two-thirds of the world's population can no longer look upwards at night and see the Milky Way a hazy swath of stars that on warm summer nights spans the sky from horizon to horizon. Above : The Milky Way shines through aurora borealis during a recent geomagnetic storm . Both are rare sights from brightly-lit urban areas. Photo credit: Duane Clausen, Menominee, Michigan, USA.

64. Cosmic Light Pollution Go to Science@NASA home page Science@NASA home, Cosmic light pollution. Notall sky glow is caused by urban light pollution, however. http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/ast10jul_1.htm

Science@NASA home Cosmic Light Pollution A series of unmanned balloon flights will measure the subtle ultraviolet glow of the night sky and help unravel one of the most perplexing mysteries of astrophysics. July 10, 2000 A midnight balloon ride high above the farms and fields of the American West to view the gentle glow of the Earth at night may sound rather romantic. The ride from Palestine, Texas on July 6, 2000, however, was pure science, the first of a series of unmanned NASA scientific balloon flights that will measure the ultraviolet (UV) light illuminating the night sky and that may ultimately help solve the mystery of high-energy cosmic rays, which seem to travel through space further than physicists deem possible. The balloon carried an experiment called NIGHTGLOW , a collaboration between NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD.) and the University of Utah, Salt Lake City. NIGHTGLOW is designed to detect background radiation produced by a variety of sources, including moonlight and starlight, the interaction of oxygen and nitrogen molecules in the atmosphere, human-made lighting, and even the bioluminescence of squid and other animals. Sign up for EXPRESS SCIENCE NEWS delivery Above : The NIGHTGLOW balloon is pictured just after launch (left) beside a diagram showing the trajectory of the July 6th test flight (right).

65. IDA Utah Includes information on good bad light fixtures, hidden costs and health risks with pictures and links. http://www.UtahSkies.org/lightpollution

The Utah Section of The International Dark-Sky Association We are losing our heritage of starry nights. Artificial light in the night sky threatens to destroy the spectacular views the heavens offer. This "light pollution" wastes energy and provides no benefit to society. Light Pollution is misused or misdirected light: Sky Glow .............is light wastefully escaping into the night sky and causing a glow over urban/suburban areas Glare ....................is light shining dangerously out into peoples eyes as they walk or drive by. Light Trespass .....is unwanted light shining onto a neighbors property or into their house. Light Pollution wastes billions of dollars annually in the United States wastes incredible amounts of valuable natural resources pollutes the air we breath through needless generation of electricity (most of which comes from fossil fuels) harms nocturnal wildlife harms humankind, being linked to some serious ailments destroys the views of the heavens that man has enjoyed since the beginning of time.

66. Go Light On The Pollution - An Introduction To The Problem Of Light Pollution. Simplywritten site where one can learn the cause of this threat to our environment, economy and society, Category Society Issues Environment light pollution......Learn the cause of this threat to our environment, economy, and society,and how to be part of the solution to the light pollution problem. http://userpages.umbc.edu/~fmorga1/lp/en/

An Introduction to Light Pollution Light pollution is the emission of artificial light into areas where it is unneeded or unwanted. It is caused by obtrusive outdoor lighting (residential, commercial, or other) that wastefully casts light upward into the sky or into the horizontal plane. You will not be able to enjoy this page fully because your web browser does not support frames. Main Problems Solutions Glossary ... More Info

67. RCA: Dark Skies Includes a information about the effects of light pollution and local darksky sites. http://www.rca-omsi.org/darkskies.htm

Rose City Astronomers Site Index Membership Calendar Newsletter ... Star Links Oregon Dark Skies Rose City Astronomers are proud members of the International Dark Sky Association. Our members are active observers in Oregon and Southern Washington. Attention Clackamas County residents! Download this letter (it is a word document) , add your own personal touch and send it off to the Clackamas County Commissioners urging the adoption of a 'dark sky' ordinance in Clackamas County. IDA Newsletters Why are engineers, medical professionals, and amateur astronomers, concerned about the effects of Light Pollution? Some studies show: the effects of not sleeping in total darkness can degrade the immune system of animals and humans. See articles gathered by Dark Skies Northwest. Poor lighting and wasted energy is misuse of electricity and money. Misdirected light, 'Light Trespass' is a nuisance and architecturally unappealing. Studies show that various uses of lighting may actually increase crime, just exactly the opposite of what people try to achieve. The light pollution from inferior lighting design on highways creates a hazard to driving known as 'Road Glare.'

68. Astrosun.phy.ulaval.ca/astro/pol.lum.html Similar pages Environmental Building News light pollutionEBN Feature Article - light pollution is something that few of us give muchthought to. light pollution Efforts to Bring Back the Night Sky. http://astrosun.phy.ulaval.ca/astro/pol.lum.html

69. BuildingGreen.com - Light Pollution Mitigation For Vermont Prison EBN News Item The State of Vermont and a regional astronomy club have agreedupon an innovative plan for mitigating light pollution from a new prison in http://www.buildinggreen.com/news/stellafane.html

Back to: Articles Light Pollution Mitigation for Vermont Prison Story in Environmental Building News Vol. 10, No. 6 June 2001 When a regional astronomy club based in Springfield, Vermont raised opposition to a new state prison slated for the town, the state hired lighting engineer (and new EBN Advisory Board member) Nancy Clanton to come up with a plan for reducing light pollution in the prison design. While her firm came up with an outdoor lighting plan for the prison that uses state-of-the-art technologies and designs to minimize light pollution to the extent possible, generating a certain amount of excess outdoor light is unavoidable with a prison. So Clanton suggested something novel: light pollution mitigation. If the state would pay for measures to reduce light pollution from area businesses to compensate for all of the additional light pollution that will result from the new prison, everybody should be happy. It looks as if they've pulled it off, making this the first example of light pollution mitigation that EBN is aware of anywhere. The 100-member astronomy club, Stellafane, agreed to the plan in mid-May, clearing the way for issuance of the Act 250 permit. (Act 250 is Vermont's 30-year-old development control law.) "The State and Stellafane have come to a really good understanding," according to Maryann Arrien, Chair of the Light Pollution Committee of Stellafane and the Club's president when this issue surfaced. Stellafane has observatories just 4 miles (6.5 km) from the new prison site.

70. Star Watch UK Explains how Star Watch UK, a survey of light pollution in the UK was undertaken. The project is, at least for the time being, not taking in results. http://www.u-net.com/ph/starw-uk/home.htm

A Survey of Sky Brightness Note: This site is no longer maintained. Important Notice Please Read ! Introduction In recent years the increasing amount of lighting (street, security, advertising lights etc.) has meant that a dark sky is a rarity. This is of concern to astronomers and the general public because the sight of the stars is one of Nature's wonders. No one wishes to deny our children the opportunity of viewing this wonder. Star Watch UK is a project to observe and record the brightness of the sky from all parts of the UK. It is an opportunity for everyone, experienced astronomer or the youngest school child, to take part in a nationwide survey. The project is a collaboration between many national organisations , and follows similar surveys undertaken in Japan, the USA and Canada Star Watch UK has two parts: Visual observing - for which you only need your eyes and a pencil, and Photography . Any one can take part in either or both categories by printing out and completing the form and charts available on this site. The RGO will co-ordinate the analysis and a report will be issued at the end of each year. Any data received will be used in a manner appropriate to the survey and may include publication of selected photographs. The project is not a test of the individual observer, the observer is the record keeper of the actual sky brightness in their area.

71. ILE Institution Of Lighting Engineers - Home Page Forerunner in light pollution control in the UK. Publishes lighting codes and guidance available via the website. Website content is minimal. http://www.ile.co.uk/

home page about us forum news ... legal WHAT'S CURRENT Wednesday 9th April 2003 LATEST NEWS INTERNATIONAL DARK-SKY ASSOCIATION INVITES APPLICANTS FOR AWARD New Student Award, by the International Dark-Sky A .... EVENTS EXTERIOR LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY COURSE MODULE TWO Birmingham more news more events Welcome to the ILE website the online centre for latest news and valuable information of benefit to everyone involved in the lighting business INSTITUTION OF LIGHTING ENGINEERS

72. Light Pollution light pollution and its Solutions. Pictures of the Earth from orbitat night revel the major population centers down to small towns http://www.zianet.com/aslc/LightPol.htm

Light Pollution and its Solutions Pictures of the Earth from orbit at night revel the major population centers down to small towns at a glance due to the waste light escaping from poorly designed outdoor lighting fixtures. This waste light (light escaping above the horizontal plane, and ground reflectance) constitutes a major loss of energy and is eradicating one of our most precious natural heritage, a dark star-filled night time sky. The light bubble from even a modest size city like Las Cruces is visible from 30 or 40 miles. With continuing population pressures, even remote areas of the country are being effected and pristine dark sky sites are becoming impossible to find. The International Dark Sky Association estimates Americans now spend approximately $1,500,000,000.00, that's 1.5 Billion Dollars, on electricity for this waste light every year. As much as 45% of the light from the older style NEMA headed fixtures is lost into the sky or at such a shallow angle that is doesn't provide useful illumination but causes glare. Many cities are switching to a newer style cobra- headed fixture which, although an improvement, unfortunately is usually provide with a hemispherically shaped diffuser which again is redirecting some of the light above the horizontal plane. Only in the last couple of years has Las Cruces begun to retrofit its street lights with a full cut off shield which you will recognize by their diffuser. This retrofit is only being done to city owned street lights and only to the older streetlights as they fail and need fixing.

73. York University Observatory - Light Pollution Page light pollution Awareness. With Astronomers, both professional and amateur, fightingfor darker skies the message is yet to be fully heard and understood. http://aries.phys.yorku.ca/~delaney/lp.html

Light Pollution Awareness With Astronomers, both professional and amateur, fighting for darker skies the message is yet to be fully heard and understood. In essence Light Pollution is the scattering of light coming from sources which serve no function but to light up the sky - i.e are pointed upwards! It is commonly found that most light fixtures end up spewing more light upwards than down. This not only makes for terrible sky conditions (background glow) but also wastes a lot of energy. For these reasons there exist many organisations around the world which are trying to " Turn on the Night Below you will find a few links to some of these organisations. RASC Light Pollution Abatement Program International Dark-Sky Association Ecology of the Night An International Symposium: Darkness as a Biological Imperative 22 - 24 September 2003, Muskoka, Ontario As if the lack of a dark sky wasn't bad enough... A planetarium is a vital educational resource in a city whose children never get to see a dark, starry sky but Toronto doesn't have one. Visit the Planetarium Renaissance Group to find out why, and to learn how you can help.

74. Home Page The IESANZ is the central organization for lighting engineers in the area who set guidelines on light pollution control and energy efficiency. http://www.iesanz.asn.au/

The Illuminating Engineering Society of Australia and New Zealand Limited Our new web site is now located at www.iesanz.org For individual Chapter information click on the following links Queenslan d Victori a ... Link to Previous Central Web Site

75. LiteLynx List -- Light Pollution Awareness Links light pollution. The Bane of Astronomers (Amateur and Professional). It is in thebest interest of everyone to reduce light pollution! light pollution Links. http://www.rocketroberts.com/astro/litepol.htm

Updated 16 Nov 2002 Amateur Astronomer's Notebook Light Pollution The Bane of Astronomers (Amateur and Professional) The view almost all of us had from home only 25 - 50 years ago... and what the vast majority of Americans now see from their backyard. These photos show approximately the same area of the sky; one was taken from a dark sky site and one was taken from outside a small city (Springfield, MA). New Feature! Click the above graphic to see some of the best and worst examples of lighting in Wilbraham MA. Introduction Light Pollution is a serious problem for most amateur astronomers today (see the pictures just above). The picture on the left was taken at a dark sky location (Colebrook, CT USA); the photo on the right was taken from Wilbraham MA USA looking towards Springfield, MA (A city of about 250,000 people). The light pollution in the Springfield MA area is very bad (and Springfield is considered a small city by most people). Unless you live way worse visibility because of the excessive glare they produce. Everyone can benefit from improved lighting; lower tax bills, less air pollution, improved visibility and more. It is in the best interest of everyone to reduce light pollution! Light Pollution Links A comprehensive listing of Light Pollution articles can be found at the bottom of this page . Thanks to Cliff Haas for providing this detailed list!

76. Ted's Astropix: Light Pollution Scourge Personal "sermon" on light pollution by a Ohio resident with various bits of information Category Society Issues Environment light pollution...... transparent nights in Central Ohio. I took these pictures from variouslocations; however, one scourge exists EXTREME light pollution! http://www.saker-law.com/astropix/astropix.htm

YOU HAVE FOUND THEM! TED'S ASTROPIX! You have demonstrated your cleverness, taken the time to click on the secret link, and found my astrophotography pages. I pursue my passion for Astronomy, particularly Astrophotography, on those fairly rare transparent nights in Central Ohio. I took these pictures from various locations; however, one scourge exists: EXTREME LIGHT POLLUTION! The caramel glow of wasteful and inefficient outdoor lighting extends some 40 degrees into the sky in every direction around the horizon as seen from my Columbus backyard. The background on this page roughly approximates the appearance of the nighttime sky from my backyard. The lights shining into my property from my neighbors' houses is also a major nuisance. How would you like it if your neighbor played heavy metal music at 120 decibels and directed it towards your house on a constant basis? Heck, neighbors of the local amphitheater, a concert venue drawing all kinds of acts, who are residents of the City of Westerville, have complained for years about the noise from performances staged at the amphitheater. The lack of concern for their quality of life on the part of the City of Columbus (where the amphitheater is located) and the owners of the venue underscore the frustration of those seeking to contain nuisances. Light pollution is equivalent to being subjected to loud noise on a continual basis.

77. Effective Outdoor Lighting Council Of Texas (EOLC) Latest news on the abatement of light pollution in Texas and how anyone can help. http://users2.ev1.net/~mmccants/eolc/

Image on left is color-enhanced satellite image of Texas at night. More Images Effective Outdoor Lighting Council of Texas (EOLC) Welcome to our website! Outstanding web page June 13, 2002 Announcement of North Central Texas IDA Section Nov. 14, 2001 IDA Press Release Feb. 5, 2001 Click on the items below to find out more information: Link to the IDA Home Page Link to the Light Polution Awareness Web Site Link to the DarkSky List Forum Our Mission and 1999 Focus Discussion and comments The Latest News/Status Useful Information (Updated August 30, 2001) Links Communications (E-mail, Subscribe to EOLC News, Post A Message to our Public Forum!

78. NOVAC Light Trespass Reduction Light Trespassing and light pollution. Do we have the problem here in theDC area? Judge for your self by looking at this light pollution map . http://www.novac.com/ltr.html

79. ICOLE Comprehensive information on the abatement of light pollution in Indiana including general links and resources as well as updates. http://home.att.net/~icole/

Promoting better outdoor lighting and reduced light pollution achieved by full shielding, downward aiming, and moderation of brightness. WELCOME TO ICOLE Updated January 13, 2003 LATEST ICOLE PRESS RELEASE - Light Task Force Can Reduce I-69 Environmental Impacts Recent Media Coverage - lighting task force in limbo Indianapolis Star Associated Press version (Evansville, Madison , Gary, Bloomington, others) New ICOLE press release Gov. O'Bannon urged "appoint the task force" Legislative Committee recommends Governor appoint lighting Task Force (committee report page 17) URGE THE GOVERNOR TO APPOINT THE TASK FORCE Click here to send an urgent message to Gov. O'Bannon Dr. Barry Clark's report examines lighting and crime studies - what do they tell us? ( other formats) Our Vanishing Sky First of its kind exhibit opens at Evansville Museum courtesy partner Vectren Energy, and the work of ICOLE's Mitch Luman, Koch Planetarium Director Indiana Legislative committee hears ICOLE presentation: (EQSC minutes pg 5) " Introduction to the Impacts of Outdoor Lighting " Read ICOLE’s report "

80. Light Pollution Measuring light pollution. Artificial lights are threatening the starrynights. We want try to measure light pollution in Europe! http://www.physik.uni-osnabrueck.de/astro/aol/lightpol.html

Measuring light pollution Artificial lights are threatening the starry nights. Too much and wrong lighting illuminates the sky. By this you can see only the brightest stars, fainter stars are invisible in light polluted areas. More information about this subject you can find on the homepages of: International Dark-Sky Association , USA Dark Sky of the Vereinigung der Sternfreunde, Germany (in german) Campaign for Dark Skies (CfDS) by the British Astronomical Association , UK Lichtverschmutzung (swiss german) Oficina técnica para la proteccion y calidad del cielo (español and english) Some results for this Astronomy-Online project can be found here! We want try to measure light pollution in Europe! This can be done by looking for the faintest stars you can see with the naked eye. Stellar brightnesses are measured in magnitudes (mag): the brightest stars are about mag, the faintest to the naked eye about 6 mag (or 5 or even 7) - that's we want to find out! That's the sky you'll see at mid-November at about 21 hours. You easily identify some constellations like the Great Wagon (UMa - the Great Bear) and Cassiopeia (Cas). Between these you identify the Little Bear (UMi) with the brightest star Polaris. If you would like to take a chart out under the sky, you can print this chart Here we have the constellation of the Little Bear enlarged. Numbers besides the stars are their magnitudes. This

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