21. Nutritional Medicine As Applied To Obesity And Fat medicine. About obesity Fat. Revisiting obesity Thoughts About Weight Controland obesity A New Way to Control Fat and Stay Healthy Insulin Resistance http://www.nutritionalmedicine-wm.com/obesity.html

Revisiting Obesity Thoughts About Weight Control and Obesity A New Way to Control Fat and Stay Healthy Insulin Resistance ... Dr. Nugent's description of the GlycoLean Body System Revisiting Obesity Recently there have been some significant changes in concepts of the causes of obesity. I have lived through a number of different eras: from when being somewhat obese was thought to be healthy because it meant that one had the body stores of energy to last through times of adversity; through the times when it was considered to be lack of will power associated with inactivity and gluttony; to the present time when it is recognized as a chronic disease associated with decreased life expectancy and complicating illnesses such as hypertension and diabetes. In spite of dozens of different diets and multiple theories on the cause and treatment of obesity over the years, our nation has a greater number of obese adults and children than ever before. It is obvious that, as a society, we are headed for more of the chronic diseases that are associated with being overweight. Foods that raise our blood sugar - of which junk foods are a leading example - cause our body to produce more insulin. Repeated body demands for more insulin keep a high insulin level in the body, which causes a condition called hyper-insulinemia. High insulin levels in our body cause the sugars to be turned into fatty acids and deposited as fat in our fat cells. Insulin is a hormone and, high levels of this hormone disturb the balance of other hormone function in our body.

22. Nutritional Medicine - Healthy Ageing Medicine Dr. Walther Meyer explores the concepts of nutritional medicine following a healthy, nutrientrich Category Regional North America M Medford Business and Economy...... optimal health and longevity through Nutritional medicine. obesity, fat loss, glycemicindex, and low glycemic diet; plant sugars and essential carbohydrates; http://www.nutritionalmedicine-wm.com/

Nutritional insights to optimal health and longevity This site will tell you what I have learned on my search. It is about: diet and good health insulin resistance nutrition, cellular nutrition and glyconutrition glycoproteins, cellular messengers, and immune function genes, genotype, and phenotype obesity, fat loss, glycemic index, and low glycemic diet plant sugars and essential carbohydrates glycobiology, herbs, antioxidants, and a new medical paradigm. information on healthy ageing, preventing chronic diseases, and controlling your health. nutrtitonal 'treatment' for osteoarthritis nutritional 'treatment' for ADD/ADHD Success stories using gluconutrients. about MINDSET To sum up, I have come to believe that Self-Care is the Best Health Care Before you leave, please fill out our online questionnaire Walther W Meyer MD, CMD E-mail: nutrimed@dwave.net or call at 715-748-3197 YOU CAN CONTROL YOUR LIFE AND YOUR HEALTH Although you will be able to follow my learning process about the benefits of nutrition on the rest of this site, I want you to know of my excitement, about what I have found out, without going beyond this page. As a general practitioner, I have spent the greatest part of my life learning how to diagnose diseases and to treat symptoms, and I know that I have been able to help many patients with these skills. Since I have retired from clinical practice, I have had the time to learn a lot more about nutrition and how good nutrition can prevent chronic diseases and improve health.

23. Wellcome To The Association Of Korean Orietal Medicine(AKOM) Site In Oriental medicine, obesity has been interpreted as the functional disorder ofspleen, lung and kidney due to dampness, phlegm and deficiency of ki and so on http://www.koma.or.kr/eng/treatment/s3.htm

Chung'pung Diabetics Mellitus Definition of Obesity Definition ... Sitemap 1. Definition A number of methods to reduce body weight have been introduced and nowadays supplements and drugs for body fitness are universally relied. Obesity has been one of the main health problems for America and Europe, and it is on the rise also in Korea. As the danger of obesity has been known that being overweight significantly increases a risk of developing a variety of obesity-related diseases, including diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease and stroke, the care is centered how to cope with obesity. Obesity is characterized by excessive body fat due to energy imbalance. If calorie intake exceeds the necessary energy for physical activities and growth, the surplus is stored as triglyceride at adipose tissue. The diagnosis of obesity is carried out not by simple body weight, but by taking accurate body fat. Generally, obesity is defined as a body fat of 25% or greater in men and 30% or greater in women. It is well known that obesity can cause various cardiovascular disorders like high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, heart attack and stroke, and many chronic diseases like nephropathy, diabetes mellitus and respiratory diseases, and also decrease the physiological functions. The bad aspects of obesity are known as 5-D phenomenon: disfigurement, discomfort, disability, disease, and death.

24. Exercise As A Therapeutic Modality For Obesity: References Miller, WC, Wallace, JP Eggert, KE Predicting max HR and the HRVO2 relationshipfor exercise prescription in obesity. medicine and Science in Sports and http://www.exrx.net/FatLoss/References.html

Exercise as a Therapeutic Modality for Obesity: References National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States: 1989. Hyattsville, MD: Public Health Service [DHHS Publication No: (PHS) 90-1232], 1990. Dietz, W.H. Therapeutic strategies in childhood obesity. Hormone Research. 39 Suppl 3: 86-90, 1993. Van Itallie, T.B. Obesity: Prevalence and pathogenesis. I: Diet Related to Killer Disease, II. Hearings before Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, United States Senate (pp 47-64). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977. Hubert, H.B., Feinleib, M., McNamara, P.M., et. al. Obesity as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease: A 26-year follow-up of participants in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 67: 968-977, 1983. Kolterman, O.G., Insel, J., Saekow, M., et. al. Mechanisms of insulin resistance in human obesity-Evidence of receptor and post-receptor defects. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 65: 1272-1284, 1980. Dempsey, J.A., et. al. Work capacity determinants and phsiologic cost of weight-supported work in obesity. Journal of Applied Physiology. 21: 1815, 1966. Holley, H.S., et al. Regional distribution of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion in obesity. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 46: 475, 1967.

25. Postgraduate Medicine: Managing Obesity Like Any Other Chronic Condition Managing obesity like any other chronic condition. Longterm therapy may reducecomorbidity as well. VOL 108 / NO 1 / JULY 2000 / POSTGRADUATE medicine. http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2000/07_00/agrawal.htm

Managing obesity like any other chronic condition Long-term therapy may reduce comorbidity as well Mamatha Agrawal, MD; Michael Worzniak, MD; Larry Diamond, RPh VOL 108 / NO 1 / JULY 2000 / POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE CME learning objectives To understand the rationale for prescribing a comprehensive weight loss program to obese patients over their lifetime To learn the indications, contraindications, and goals in prescribing weight loss drugs To review existing evidence for prescribing currently available antiobesity medications The authors disclose no financial interests in this article. This page is best viewed with a browser that supports tables Preview : Patients often seek help from their primary care physician for weight loss, so familiarity with pharmacologic options and their risks is important. Anorexiants have been available for decades and are relatively safe. Orlistat and sibutramine are two of the newer medications that patients may have heard about in television, newspaper, and magazine advertising. In addition, patients often ask for advice regarding various herbal or nonprescription medications for weight loss. In this article, the authors help physicians prepare to address these questions. Agrawal M, Worzniak M, Diamond L. Managing obesity like any other chronic condition: long-term therapy may reduce comorbidity as well. Postgrad Med 2000;108(1):75-82

26. I-MedREVIEW | Adult Medicine > Obesity Adult medicine obesity, Background It is estimated that 35% of Americanwomen and 31% of men over the age 20 are overweight or obese. http://www.i-medreview.com/articles_html/adultmed/obesity.html

medical content Topics New Medicine Women's Health Pediatrics Geriatrics ... Adult Medicine Obesity Background It is estimated that 35% of American women and 31% of men over the age 20 are overweight or obese. Obesity is on the rise in the United States and many developed countries. The terms obesity and overweight refer to increased body weight relative to height. Complications of obesity include increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, gallstone formation, endometrial (lining of uterus) cancer, and blood clot formation. Diagnosis The best formula for the determination of one's relative weight is Body Mass Index (BMI), which takes the weight and height of the individual into account. BMI is correlated to the body fat. The formula is weight (in kilograms) divided by height_ (in meters). (To calculate the number of kilograms, take the number of pounds and divide by 2.2. To calculate the number of meters, take the number of inches and divide by 39.4) A BMI of less than 25 is healthy, 25-30 is considered overweight, and over 30 is obese. For example, if a person weighs 210 pounds and is 5 foot nine inches tall, his BMI would be calculated as follows: 95 Kilograms (210 pounds divided by 2.2) divided by 1.75_ (69 inches divided by 39.4 and then taken to the second power), which is 95 kilograms divided by 3.0 meter, which is 31; this person is obese. Causes The cause of obesity is both simple and complicated. The simple, but true, explanation is that obesity is a result of increased caloric intake relative to caloric expenditure. Humans are capable of eating calories far in excess of their daily requirements. The purpose of this ability is so that a person can store food in the form of glycogen (in muscle and liver tissues) and fat (in the fatty tissues) for use during periods of starvation. A well-fed body, with the aid of the hormone insulin, converts excess carbohydrates into glycogen and fat and stores excess fat into the adipose (fatty) tissue. The excess proteins are also eventually turned into fat. The remaining body tissues (such as brain, lungs, kidneys, and glands) utilize the above calories to maintain basic functions of life. The collective caloric requirement of these body tissues is referred to as Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).

27. PROFESSIONAL REFERENCE Allergy Immunlogy Cardiology Dermatology Complementary medicine, Be aware that the complications of obesity include increasedrisk of diabetes, atherosclerotic heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea http://merck.praxis.md/index.asp?page=bpm_brief&chapter=BPM01EN07

28. PROFESSIONAL REFERENCE Allergy Immunlogy Cardiology Dermatology to more indepth information on related topics like High blood pressure, Aerobicexercise the best 'medicine', and Childhood obesity parenting advice http://merck.praxis.md/bpm/bpmlinks.asp?page=BPM01EN07&nav=top

29. UCLA Healthcare Nutritional Medicine And Obesity Programs in the Division of Clinical Nutrition Nutritional medicineand obesity. Nutritional medicine and obesity. Comprehensive http://www.healthcare.ucla.edu/Handbook/program.asp?version=5619&programid=313

30. 1Up Health > Health Links Directory > Medicine: Surgery: General: Obesity Surger medicine Surgery General obesity Surgery . Uncover resources and linksto Web sites related to medicine Surgery General obesity Surgery . http://www.1uphealth.com/links/general-obesity-surgery.html

Home Contact Us Privacy Caring For Your Well Being Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials Health News Poisons ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Health Directory Addictions Alternative Animal ... Weight Loss By Demography Child Health Teen Health Men's Health Women's Health ... General : Obesity Surgery Description Categories Surgeons and Clinics See Related Categories Health: Conditions and Diseases: Nutrition and Metabolism Disorders: Obesity Home: Cooking: Special Diets Sites HeliosHealth.com Resource for weight loss surgery, including a BMI calculator, research, forums, insurance assistance, pictures, and stories. Acknowledging Liposuction Costs Information about obesity, fat removal and liposuction costs. Adam Naaman MD Modern general surgery practice that specializes in laparoscopic gastric bypass in Houston, Texas. Adjustable Gastric Banding The authors personal story about Adjustable Gastric Banding. Tells about AGB from a patients view, and follows the surgery and post-op results. All About Amber A journey through the weight loss surgery experience. Information and opinions from a patient's point of view.

31. 1Up Health > Health Links Directory > Medicine: Surgery: General: Obesity Surger medicine Surgery General obesity Surgery Surgeons and Clinics. Uncover resources and links to Web sites related to medicine http://www.1uphealth.com/links/obesity-surgery-surgeons-and-clinics.html

Home Contact Us Privacy Caring For Your Well Being Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials Health News Poisons ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Health Directory Addictions Alternative Animal ... Weight Loss By Demography Child Health Teen Health Men's Health Women's Health ... Obesity Surgery : Surgeons and Clinics Description Sites Adam Naaman MD Modern general surgery practice that specializes in laparoscopic gastric bypass in Houston, Texas. Alvarado Center for Surgical Weight Control California - Alvarado Center for Surgical Weight Control offers Open and Laparoscopic Surgery for Morbid Obesity. David Greenbaum MD Willingboro, New Jersey. Site on morbid obesity and bariatric surgery. Dr. Alejandro Aguirre Wallace Baja California, Mexico. Information on Bariatric Surgery, testimonials, hospital stay and post operative. Dr. JK Champion Specializing in videoscopic and laparoscopic Bariatric Weight loss surgery. Offers Lap-band, Vertical banded Gastoplasty (VBG), Roux-en Y (RNY), and other obesity related options. HomanMD.com

32. Weight Loss Herbal Medicine From Ayurveda For Obesity -- YOGI SLIMMER Ayurvedic medicine for Weight Loss made from Garcinia Combogia , Senna other indianherbs Economical and all-natural dietary supplement for obesity Free http://www.herbscancure.com/weightloss.htm

YOGI Slimmer : Weight loss Herbal Dietary Supplement A herbal combination of weight loss herbs to regularise body metabolism and destroy accumulated fat. Home > Herbal Supplements > Weight Loss Herbs > Yogi-SLIMMER Cannot seem to lose those extra pounds? Frustrated over results of endless weight loss diets? We propose shedding weight using natural herbs. Have you realised that there are no "Miracle" or "Wonder" supplements? Do not overlook the obvious. Read about YOGI - SLIMMER Successful weight loss involves three easy steps. a) Reduce calories and Fat intake b) Exercise Regularly c) Use principal ingredients to reduce appetite, burn fat and eliminate extra water. If you are serious about losing weight, then you must already be following the first two steps. We help you to make choices about the third step i.e. using Herbs and Natural agents to reduce appetite, burn fat and regularising body metabolism. Read FAQ on Weight Loss Read about YOGI SLIMMER Order YOGI-SLIMMER Contact us for Queries ... Clinical Trials on SLIMMER YOGI SLIMMER Herbs which contain primary natural nutrients help to reduce weight by being diuretic (helps in reducing water retention). They have the ability to reduce fat and cholesterol. Finally, they also aid in suppressing excessive appetite and food cravings and regularising body metabolism at the same time.

33. FAA Medical Virtual Flight Surgeons Aviation Medicine Obesity & Weight Control feel that weight reduction to IBW or a BMI of 22.025.0 is the goal for anyone withmedical complications of obesity. Preventive medicine advocates are more http://www.aviationmedicine.com/obesity.htm

VFS Info Links FAA Policy Info Home ... Bookstore How to Avoid Exceeding Your Gross Weight Limits Weight Control and Management of Obesity Updated March 30, 2003 Introduction Costs of Excess Weight Definitions Understanding Obesity ... Links Introduction Many pilots are distressed when they notice that their own center of gravity is moving considerably further forward than it was when they were just learning to fly. The consequences of pilots reaching a weight they consider gross can be just as hazardous as trying to fly an aircraft that exceeds its gross weight. When pilots can no longer see their own "landing gear" because of the tire around their "fuselage," they look for medical maintenance personnel or decide to perform their own annual inspection and maintenance. This guide is a simplified manual on weight reduction and fat loss. Following the manual may improve your airworthiness, add years to your service life, and dramatically improve your performance. Costs of Excess Weight Excess weight is a common health problem in the United States. It may also have adverse social and occupational implications in some individuals. In several occupations, excess weight may be a safety concern. The social and health consequences of excess weight lead to Americans spending over $30 billion each year in medical treatment and over the counter weight loss efforts. Half of American women and a quarter of American men attempt to lose weight each year with variable success over the long term.

34. Medicine Up To The Minute- Obesity, Weight Gain And Stroke- In Women- Dr. Charle MD, FACP, DIMCD Associate Clinical Professor of medicine at New York Medical Collegeand at the Medical University of South Carolina. obesity, WEIGHT GAIN AND http://www.medicineuptotheminute.com/obesity.htm

MEDICINE - UP TO THE MINUTE by Charles A. Bertrand, M.D., FACP, DIM-CD Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine at New York Medical College and at the Medical University of South Carolina OBESITY, WEIGHT GAIN AND STROKE- IN WOMEN This study, the Nurses' Health Study, was begun in 1976. The number of women enrolled was enormous - a total of 116,759, ages 30 to 55. All were nurses, and they filled out questionnaires every two years for 20 years. In order to determine the relationship, if any, between obesity and stroke, medical researchers, led by Dr. Kathryn Rexrode, focused on a 16 year period After analyzing the questionnaire, they published their findings in "A Prospective Study of Body Mass Index, Weight Change, and Risk of Stroke in Women", (Journal of the American Medical Association' Vol. 277, No. 19, pp. 1539-1545). The Rexrode team calculated obesity in terms of the body mass index (BMI) - self-reported weight in kilograms divided by the square of self-reported height in meters. From this calculation, they measured adiposity - a fancy name for being overweight. The researchers also studied weight increase and focused on those women who gained between 11 and 19 kilograms or more (one kilogram equals 2.2 pounds). The study covered 1,722,163 years in the lives of their subjects. So, is there good news for overweight women? Did the researchers dispel the old medical superstition that being overweight heightens the likelihood of a stroke? Or, to put it in practical terms, can you go to the kitchen tonight and eat a whole German chocolate cake without worrying about your circulatory system? Unfortunately, for those who live to eat, the study demonstrated conclusively that obesity and weight gain contribute substantially to the incidence of strokes in women.

35. Medicine Up To The Minute- OBESITY AND MORTALITY by the American Cancer Society, obesity can definitely be a contributing factor.These findings published in the New England Journal of medicine (volume 341 http://www.medicineuptotheminute.com/obesemort.html

by Charles A. Bertrand, M.D., FACP, DIM-CD Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine at New York Medical College and at the Medical University of South Carolina OBESITY AND MORTALITY Do fat people die earlier than slim people? Surprising as it may seem, there is still some room for disagreement on this subject. One man says, "My Great-Uncle Arley was so fat they had to build a special seat for him on the trolley. And he lived to be 97." Another says, "Aunt Josephine weighed 330 pounds, poor soul. That's why she died at 38." Of course, multiple factors contribute to death, whether early or late: heredity, high blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, stress, and many more. And over twenty percent of Americans are obese. According to a recent study conducted by the American Cancer Society, obesity can definitely be a contributing factor. These findings - published in the New England Journal of Medicine (volume 341, October 7, 1999, pp. 1097-1104) - are about as conclusive as medical research can get. The sample size was enormous (in numbers rather than weight) - 487,000 men and 588,000 women. The subjects were monitored over a 14-year period, a sufficient period to establish trends. During this span almost 202,000 subjects, or about twenty percent, died. The researchers, as part of this particular study, focused on a group of about 300,000 who had never smoked and were not ill on entering the program. They found that those with a "high body mass index," i.e. those who were overweight, died at a significantly greater rate than those who were slimmer. The report includes the reasons for death among this group, with heart disease and cancer the most common.

36. University Of Miami School Of Medicine - Glossary - Obesity (Weight Loss) and Drug Administration (FDA) approved sibutramine (Meridia) to treat obesity (bothin condition and familiar with the use and side effects of the medicine. http://www.med.miami.edu/patients/glossary/art.asp?articlekey=943

37. University Of Miami School Of Medicine - Glossary - Obesity obesity. obesity The state of being well above ones normal weight. obesityis often multifactorial, based on both genetic and behavioral factors. http://www.med.miami.edu/patients/glossary/art.asp?ArticleKey=4607

38. NEJM -- Obesity And The Risk Of Heart Failure Original Article from The New England Journal of medicine obesity and the Risk of Heart Failure. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/347/5/305

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Previous Volume 347:305-313 August 1, 2002 Number 5 Next Obesity and the Risk of Heart Failure Satish Kenchaiah, M.D., Jane C. Evans, D.Sc., Daniel Levy, M.D., Peter W.F. Wilson, M.D., Emelia J. Benjamin, M.D., Martin G. Larson, S.D., William B. Kannel, M.D., M.P.H., and Ramachandran S. Vasan, M.D. Table of Contents Full Text of this article PDF of this article PDA version of this article ... Related Letters to the Editor Related editorials in the Journal: Massie, B. M. Find Similar Articles in the Journal Notify a friend about this article Journal Watch Cardiology Summary ... Alert me when this article is cited ISI Web of Science Related Articles Citing Articles (9) Related Articles in Medline Articles in Medline by Author: Kenchaiah, S. Vasan, R. S. Medline Citation Diet/Nutrition ... Related Chapters at Harrison's Online ABSTRACT Background Extreme obesity is recognized to be a risk factor for heart failure. It is unclear whether overweight and lesser degrees of obesity also pose a risk. Methods We investigated the relation between the body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) and the incidence of heart failure among 5881 participants in the Framingham Heart Study (mean age, 55 years; 54 percent

39. The New England Journal Of Medicine: This Week's Table Of Contents medicine and the Racial Divide EG Phimister Full Text. A Death at Duke EW CampionFull Text. Defective Melanocortin 4 Receptors in Hyperphagia and Morbid obesity http://content.nejm.org/current.shtml

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... Previous Volume 348 April 10, 2003 Number 15 Article Summaries Summaries Long-Term, Low-Intensity Warfarin Therapy for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism P. M Ridker and Others Abstract Full Text CME Exam An Association between Atherosclerosis and Venous Thrombosis P. Prandoni and Others Abstract Full Text CME Exam Association of Multidrug Resistance in Epilepsy with a Polymorphism in the Drug-Transporter Gene A. Siddiqui and Others Abstract Full Text Brief Report: Preimplantation Diagnosis for Sonic Hedgehog Mutation Causing Familial Holoprosencephaly Y. Verlinsky and Others

40. Annals Of Internal Medicine: Abstract Because of the increasing prevalence of obesity, more efficient prevention and 2003American College of Physicians – American Society of Internal medicine. http://www.annals.org/issues/v138n1/abs/200301070-00008.html

7 January 2003 Volume 138 Number 1 ARTICLES Obesity in Adulthood and Its Consequences for Life Expectancy: A Life-Table Analysis Anna Peeters, PhD; Jan J. Barendregt, PhD; Frans Willekens, PhD; Johan P. Mackenbach, MD, PhD; Abdullah Al Mamun, BSc(Hons), MSc; Luc Bonneux, MD, PhD, for NEDCOM, the Netherlands Epidemiology and Demography Compression of Morbidity Research Group* Pages Background: Overweight and obesity in adulthood are linked to an increased risk for death and disease. Their potential effect on life expectancy and premature death has not yet been described. Objective: To analyze reductions in life expectancy and increases in premature death associated with overweight and obesity at 40 years of age. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: The Framingham Heart Study with follow-up from 1948 to 1990. Participants: 3457 Framingham Heart Study participants who were 30 to 49 years of age at baseline. Measurements: Mortality rates specific for age and body mass index group (normal weight, overweight, or obese at baseline) were derived within sex and smoking status strata. Life expectancy and the probability of death before 70 years of age were analyzed by using life tables. Results: Large decreases in life expectancy were associated with overweight and obesity. Forty-year-old female nonsmokers lost 3.3 years and 40-year-old male nonsmokers lost 3.1 years of life expectancy because of overweight. Forty-year-old female nonsmokers lost 7.1 years and 40-year-old male nonsmokers lost 5.8 years because of obesity. Obese female smokers lost 7.2 years and obese male smokers lost 6.7 years of life expectancy compared with normal-weight smokers. Obese female smokers lost 13.3 years and obese male smokers lost 13.7 years compared with normal-weight nonsmokers. Body mass index at ages 30 to 49 years predicted mortality after ages 50 to 69 years, even after adjustment for body mass index at age 50 to 69 years.

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