61. URI Biological Oceanographers Test How Shallow Marine Systems Respond To Increas URI Biological oceanographers Test How Shallow Marine Systems Respondto Increased Nutrients. Most of the efforts to determine how http://www.globaltechnoscan.com/15thJan-21stJan03/marine_system.htm

Please register here to Search or Submit B usiness O pportunities REGISTER HERE LOGIN URI Biological Oceanographers Test How Shallow Marine Systems Respond to Increased Nutrients Most of the efforts to determine how estuaries respond to nutrient enrichment have been confined to relatively deeper and/or muddier river mouth estuaries. However, much of the Atlantic coast from Cape Cod to Cape Fear, as well as parts of the Florida coast and almost all of the Gulf Coast is characterized by a different type of coastal system, called by various names, including lagoon, inland bay, and salt pond. These more complex shallow systems are now facing increasing nutrient enrichment from agriculture and suburban housing development with associated on-site sewage disposal systems and ground water nitrogen enrichment. A team of scientists at the URI Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) have focused their research on these very shallow lagoon type estuaries to determine if there are predictable patterns of response to nutrient enrichment in these more complex systems. The research team includes biological oceanographer Dr. Scott Nixon, research associates Betty Buckley and Steven Granger, and recent Ph.D. graduate Joanne Bintz. According to a recent article in the journal Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, the scientific team summarized data from 30 systems with mean depths ranging from 1-12 feet and water residence times from .3-100 days. In addition the team designed and built a coastal lagoon mesocosm facility where they replicated and controlled nutrient inputs, mixing rates, and water resident time. Fed by water from Narragansett Bay, the mesocosms had a variety of typical coastal lagoon organisms added to them, in addition to the plankton that enter with the bay water and the animals contained in the sediment.

62. Oceanographers Use Naturally Occurring Radium To Measure Ground Water Input To R oceanographers use naturally occurring radium to measure groundwater input to Rhode Island salt ponds. http://www.globaltechnoscan.com/12thDec-18thDec01/radium.htm

Please register here to Search or Submit B usiness O pportunities REGISTER HERE LOGIN Oceanographers use naturally occurring radium to measure ground water input to Rhode Island salt ponds In a recent study, reported in the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Scott and Moran collected and analyzed water samples from Rhode Island salt ponds and several local residential drinking wells, as well as sediment cores from each pond to determine how much 226Ra was present in the water and sediments. The radioactive element radium was discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie in pitchblende (or uraninite) from North Bohemia. It is commonly used to make self-luminous paints, as a neutron source, and for the treatment of conditions such as cancer. It is a white alkaline earth metal that tarnishes black upon exposure to air. It luminesces, decomposes in water, emits radioactive radon gas, disintegrates radioactively until it reaches stable lead, and is a radiological hazard. With a half-life of 1,600 years, radium is more than a million times more radioactive than the same mass of uranium ( http://www.webelements.com/

63. Oceanographers Say Dead Whales Provide Deep-Sea Living Legacy NOAA 2000506 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact Jana Goldman 2/17/00.oceanographers SAY DEAD WHALES PROVIDE DEEP-SEA LIVING LEGACY. http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2000/feb00/noaa00r506.html

NOAA 2000-506 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Jana Goldman OCEANOGRAPHERS SAY DEAD WHALES PROVIDE DEEP-SEA LIVING LEGACY National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 's National Undersea Research Program and its West Coast and Polar Regions Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Smith, Dan Distel, Amy Baco and other individuals have found that whale bones, along with sunken wood, could be a missing link in the introduction of new species near deep-sea vents, which can reach high temperatures and spew a chemical soup that many organisms find intolerable. The researchers' results will be published in the Feb. 17 issue of the journal Nature Smith and his colleagues are intrigued by the creatures that are attracted to whale corpses. One organism, a big, orange polychaete worm that looks like a furry centipede, can be found in such numbers around whale skeletons that one researcher says it looks like the bones are covered with a orange shag carpet. But scientists have yet to learn how these worms arrive at the carcasses, where they come from, and what their role is in consuming the massive amounts of organic material - often more than 30 tons - found in a whale fall. Smith has studied two natural whale falls and three that were experimentally planted off the coast of southern California. Using a

64. The COOLroom.org - COOL Physical And Biological Oceanographers COOL Dudes of Oceanography. Here in the COOLroom, many scientistshelp make this site a reality. A majority of our research falls http://www.thecoolroom.org/scientists.htm

COOL Dudes of Oceanography Here in the COOLroom, many scientists help make this site a reality. A majority of our research falls under the realm of Physical Oceanography - the study of the ocean's physical properties like temperature, salinity and waves, and the study of the ocean's currents. We also conduct research in Bio-Optics - studying the color of the ocean to determine the ocean's productivity. If you're interested in Oceanography, take a look at the career profiles and advice of our staff. You'll meet the dudes who not only have awesome jobs in science, but even get to go out on the sea to have fun! Fred Grassle Director IMCS Scott M Glenn Physical Oceanographer Oscar Schofield Biological Bum Bob Chant Estuary Surfer Michael F Crowley Satellite Dude Josh Kohut CODAR Warrior in Training Sage Lichtenwalner Web Guru Liz Creed Principal Engineer (Photo Coming Soon) Chip Haldeman Off the Old Block (Photo Coming Soon) Chhaya Mudgal Programming Nut John Wiggins System Complaint Manager Trisha Bergmann Bio-optical Genius Mark Moline Bio-Optical Janitor Rob Cermak Weather Forecasting Model Rich Styles Mud Mover Louis Bowers Meteorological Undergrad (Photo Coming Soon) Emmeline Romana Grandmaster of Web and Media

65. Mac OS X For Oceanographers And Atmospheric Scientists Mac OS X for oceanographers and Atmospheric Scientists. Last modifiedTue Mar 4 140641 2003. Howdy. This is a journal of sorts http://tazman.princeton.edu/osx/

Mac OS X for Oceanographers and Atmospheric Scientists Last modified: Sat Apr 5 10:55:40 2003 Howdy. This is a journal of sorts about how I am adapting my Mac OS X machine to work with the GNU and Unixy tools which I consider standard for earth sciences. All of this stuff works natively under Linux, and therefore should be portable to Darwin systems. Please email me with comments, suggestions, tirades. Links to other sites of interest Apple Developer Tools Must have. Mine came on CD with the computer. It is true that one must register with Apple's developer website in order to get updates to the developer tools. Go to http://developer.apple.com/macosx/ to sign up. X server Must have. In all likelihood, the X server released by Apple will eventually be the one to use. Fink reports that Apple's X server is compatible with their packages. I am instead using the OroborOSX window manager because according to CodeTek (see below), OroborOSX ( http://oroborosx.sf.net/ ) is the only X server that correctly interfaces with their virtual desktop utility. Fink Must have. This is a collection of hundreds (thousands?) of applications ported from the open source world.

66. Types Of Oceanographers http://science.uniserve.edu.au/school/tutes/webtools/hotpot/geoocean.htm

67. Types Of Oceanographers http://science.uniserve.edu.au/school/tutes/webtools/hotpot/bioocean.htm

68. Chinese Oceanographers & SFSU Collaborate On Bay Marine Health & H.S. Science Ed mail merrik@sfsu.edu. Chinese oceanographers, SFSU researchers collaborateon Bay marine health and high school science education. http://www.sfsu.edu/~news/prsrelea/fy99/030.htm

SFSU Public Affairs Press Release Published by the Public Affairs Office at San Francisco State University, Diag Center. Contact: Merrik Bush-Pirkle, phone: 415/338-6747 e-mail: merrik@sfsu.edu Chinese oceanographers, SFSU researchers collaborate on Bay marine health and high school science education San Francisco, C.A., October 18 A delegation of high-ranking scientists from Chinaís top marine research institutions are meeting this week with researchers from San Francisco State Universityís Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies (RTC) to kick-off a ground-breaking science and education partnership. The five-year Cooperative Marine Education and Research Program (CMERP) between Chinaís Ocean University and San Francisco State University will bring together marine researchers and science educators to address two issues: the health of bay ecosystems, and high school science education. California and China both have large, complex bays which are fed by major riversóthe Sacramento River and the Yellow River, respectively. Located near major agricultural centers, both regions suffer the impact of large-scale irrigation and agricultural run-off, which changes the ecology of the mouths of these bays, called estuaries, where the fresh-water rivers drain into the ocean. In light of sharing similar environmental problems, the scientists believe that collaborating on research will help address the myriad problems facing these similar ecosystems. "The point of our collaboration is that we are all linked by the Pacific Ocean," said Dr. Jim Kelley, dean of SFSUís College of Science and Engineering. "The water that flows along our coast in the California current will, in a few months, be flowing along the coast of China, then back again. We hope that by working together we can better understand this shared marine system, while also bringing a new educational perspective to San Franciscoís classrooms."

69. The Scientist - Oceanographers Get A Sinking Feeling 6, 1989, '); //. NEWS. oceanographers Get A Sinking Feeling. In times past,oceanographers faced a crazy quilt of regulations that varied by country. http://www.the-scientist.com/yr1989/mar/kiernan_p1_890306.html

The Scientist 3[5]:1, Mar. 6, 1989 NEWS Oceanographers Get A Sinking Feeling Third World nations stymie good science by using an international treaty to block research off their coastlines By VINCENT KIERNAN Columbia University oceanographer Arnold Gordon had planned to spend much of this year plumbing the Straits of Indonesia to understand how warm water from the Pacific Ocean mixes with the cooler waters of the Indian Ocean. His field work, financed by a $4.4 million grant, from the National Science Foundadon, would have been part of a five-year study to understand how differences in water temperature affect global weather patterns. But three years after Gordon first traveled to Jakarta to sketch out the project with his Indonesian collaborators, he has yet to collect any data; in fact, he’s lost his grant. Instead of learning more about ocean currents, Gordon has been taught a bitter les son in international law. The source of his misery is a provision in a seven-year-Old international treaty —which has not yet gone into effect—that allows nations to control access to their coastal waters. What happened to Gordon was that Indonesian officials, for reasons of their own, decided to use the proposed agreement as an excuse to stall the project. Every time Gordon sought permission to carry out the he was ignored.

70. The Scientist - Oceanographers Who Brave The Frigid Antarctic Winter The Scientist 22224, Nov. 28, 1988, '); //. LEADERS OF SCIENCE.oceanographers Who Brave The Frigid Antarctic Winter. By LAUREL JOYCE. http://www.the-scientist.com/yr1988/nov/leaders_881128.html

The Scientist 2[22]:24, Nov. 28, 1988 LEADERS OF SCIENCE Oceanographers Who Brave The Frigid Antarctic Winter By LAUREL JOYCE In 1914, an ambitious trans-antarctic expedition was organized by scientist/explorer Ernest Henry Shackleton. But during the middle of winter, his ship, the Endurance, was caught and crushed in the pack ice of the Weddell Sea. It wasn’t until 1988 that another ship ventured into that part of the ocean during the antarctic winter, this time with the goal of studying the delicate and complex food web of the region’s ice-edge zone, where the frozen and open ocean meet. Thoughts of Shackleton’s misfortunes may have flashed through the minds of some of the researchers on the National Science Foundation’s 210-foot research vessel Polar Duke each time they got stuck in the pack ice earlier this year. But on every occasion, they successfully freed the ship. And the hearty multidisciplinary team of oceanographers also made some unanticipated discoveries about the fragile polar ecosystem. During a 70-day research expedition conducted from June to August, the heart of the antarctic winter, the 47-member team of biological, chemical, and physical oceanographers from research institutions throughout the U.S. discovered high concentrations of tiny plants and animals that thrive throughout the winter within the pores of the sea ice. Perhaps the most significant find: the presence of krill—a tiny shrimp-like crustacean that is an important food source for whales, seals, and penguins—at concentrations denser than ever before measured.

71. Indiatimes Learning..........Careers - Oceanographers oceanographers. Jobs oceanographers work as part of a team where thereare specialists from different branches of oceanography. The http://learning.indiatimes.com/career/car_options/sciencenmaths/ocean_jobs.html

Indiatimes Learning Careers Career ... O Oceanography Site Search Websearch Home Schools Campus ... Education Times Interactive Quiz Quick Test Chat Message Board Other Career Options... A B C D ... V Career Path to Oceanography Overview Personal Factor Study Routes Where to study Jobs in Oceanography Biological Oceanographer Chemical Oceanographer Physical Oceanographer Geological Oceanographer ... Marine Geologist Shopping Britannica 2001 From the leader in documenting knowledge comes this CD, with tools that update you with the latest information available. Math Advantage 2001 (8 subjects) Exclusively for 9th to 12th classes according to Indian syllabus Oceanographers Jobs Biological oceanographers study life under the sea to understand how life develops, interacts, and adapts to its environment. Their research is used in fishery sciences and biotechnological pursuits. Chemical oceanographers study concentration of chemicals in the water, their distribution and transfer to the seafloor and finally the effects of pollutants. They work on projects for treatment of industrial, solid and sewage waste.

72. Indiatimes Learning..........Careers - Oceanographers oceanographers collect and study data of ocean waters through waves, currents, andtides; marine life, mineral and oil deposits in the ocean bed, as well as http://learning.indiatimes.com/career/car_options/sciencenmaths/ocean.htm

Indiatimes Learning Careers Career ... O Oceanography Site Search Websearch Home Schools Campus ... Education Times Interactive Quiz Quick Test Chat Message Board Other Career Options... A B C D ... V Career Path to Oceanography Overview Personal factor Study Routes Where to study Jobs in Oceanography Biological Oceanographer Chemical Oceanographer Physical Oceanographer Geological Oceanographer ... Marine Geologist Shopping Britannica 2001 From the leader in documenting knowledge comes this CD, with tools that update you with the latest information available. Math Advantage 2001 (8 subjects) Exclusively for 9th to 12th classes according to Indian syllabus Oceanography Overview Oceanography is the study of the seas, its coastline, estuaries, coastal waters, shelves and the ocean bed. Their work incorporates the scientific knowledge of biology, chemistry, physics, geology, geophysics and the application of mathematics, engineering science along with the use of computers. Oceanographers collect and study data of ocean waters through waves, currents, and tides; marine life, mineral and oil deposits in the ocean bed, as well as the contours of the ocean bed. The study is used for the preparation of maps, charts and graphs. Oceanographers work at sea to collect data and record scientific evidence.

73. Oceanographers PerformanceAssessmentLessons Washington County Public Schools Title oceanographers,Subject Language Arts, Science. Grade 2, Submitted by Dawn Deener. http://www.wcboe.k12.md.us/mainfold/curric/palspage/PALS2001/Grade2/Oceanographe

P erformance A ssessment L essons Washington County Public Schools Title: Oceanographers Subject: Language Arts, Science Grade: Submitted by: Dawn Deener Areas of Focus: Researching Reporting Materials: Book: COMMOTION IN THE OCEAN, Giles Andrea and David Wojtowyez Paper plates, markers, crayons, yarn, other art supplies Ocean resource books or encyclopedias Dimensions of Learning: 1 Attitudes about Learning 2 Acquisition of Knowledge 4 Meaningful Use of Knowledge Essential Curriculum Correlation Outcomes and Indicators Speaking 12.11 Writing to give information 8.2 Science Learner Objectives: TLW research and give information about ocean animals. TLW identify the correct group for their ocean animal. TLW present a puppet show for the class. Performance Activity 1. Read story, COMMOTION IN THE OCEAN to motivate students and interest them in ocean animals. 2. After reading the book to the group, have students choose one of the mentioned ocean animals in the book. They will do research and make a paper plate puppet for their animal character. 3. Arrange time to put on a class puppet show reporting on the animal facts found.

74. Oceanographers To Map USS Monitor, Survey Hydrocarbons Seeps In Gulf Of Mexico oceanographers To Map USS Monitor, Survey Hydrocarbons Seeps In GulfOf Mexico. COLLEGE STATION – Oceanography and United States http://www.tamu.edu/univrel/aggiedaily/news/stories/archive/050198-2.html

Oceanographers To Map USS Monitor, Survey Hydrocarbons Seeps In Gulf Of Mexico Dr. Ian MacDonald will lead the mission and use a laser scan system to produce high-resolution pictures of the shipwreck and of the natural oil and gas seeps. The scanner can cover a larger area than traditional cameras and allow scientists to see individual animals, rocks and seashells. "It turns out that instead of inhibiting marine growth, the oil and gas creates a chemical enrichment of the seafloor which life is able to exploit," MacDonald said. The scientists will use the laser scanner to get an idea of the size of these communities – an opportunity that MacDonald said scientists rarely have for marine ecosystems. "If we can get those estimates, then we can begin to model the entire ecosystem with greater precision than is normally possible," he said. MacDonald and Sager also will profile the different layers of sediment that make up the seafloor using a "chirper" SONAR system. By looking at the sediments, MacDonald said, they get a better idea of how much oil and gas is being released and the extent of gas hydrates – solid mounds of natural gas and water that are found in and on the seafloor. The submarine also may stop off at the USS Monitor, the Civil War ironclad located in 230 feet of water off Cape Hatteras, N.C. Famous for its 1862 battle against the USS Merrimack, the Monitor sank later that year during rough seas. Recently, efforts have been made to preserve the ship's remains.

75. Texas A&M Oceanographers Put School's Mascot On Map Texas A M oceanographers Put School's Mascot On Map. COLLEGE STATION Aggie tradition may run deep, but perhaps not as deep as a http://www.tamu.edu/univrel/aggiedaily/news/stories/archive/110298-6.html

He said the name was rejected several years ago by the U.S. Board of Geographic Names, whose members "were reluctant to name the basin after a dog." "We should have expressed that she also is the highest-ranking member of the Corps of Cadets," he said. Even without the board's approval, however, Bryant said the name should stick after a research paper on the project appears in a scientific journal, probably in the spring. "One procedure of naming basins is to get the name in print," he said. "Once it's been published, it's usually accepted." Contact Gerard Farrell, (409) 845-4645; via e-mail, grf@univrel.tamu.edu. AggieDaily Office of University Relations

76. Ecosystems Research - Oceanographers Oceanography. Ecosystems Research oceanographers. Oceanography Staff.Frick, Walter E. EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us. http://www.epa.gov/athens/staff/oceanography/

Ecosystems Research Division Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Exposure Research Ecosystems Research Staff Ecosystems Research - Oceanographers Oceanography Staff Frick, Walter E EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us

77. Investigate Career Options Online oceanographers. Occupation subdisciplines. Physical oceanographers study theocean tides, waves, currents, temperatures, density, and salinity. http://www.okcareertech.org/guidance/online_cids/occupation_details.asp?occId=33

78. CFCs - A Cool Tool For Oceanographers This website features a tutorial on how oceanographers use a chemicaltracer to study ocean mixing. The tutorial is designed for http://ompl.marine.usf.edu/meredith/PJO/

This website features a tutorial on how oceanographers use a chemical tracer to study ocean mixing. The tutorial is designed for middle school pupils and is part of the Project Oceanography series of satellite television broadcasts on topics in oceanography. The theme for the spring 1998 series is To learn more about how chemical oceanographers use ocean tracers go to the Tutorial: CFCs - a cool tool for Oceanographers Graphics Menu CFC-12 meredith@marine.usf.edu Last modified: Thu Feb 26 12:14:34 1998

79. CFCs - A Cool Tool For Oceanographers Here is your sample of seawater from the Indian Ocean Sample Number 19Temperature = 7.0°Celcius; Salinity = 34.5 psu; CFC12= 0.45 pmol kg -1. http://ompl.marine.usf.edu/meredith/PJO/cfc1.html

Here is your sample of seawater from the Indian Ocean: Sample Number: 19 Salinity = 34.5 p.s.u [CFC-12]= 0.45 pmol kg You might like to look at the worksheet to see some more details, and perhaps make a copy for working on, then come back to this point... We are going to figure out the age of this water sample using the three measurements that were made on it (temperature, salinity, and the concentration of a chemical tracer CFC-12). What does it mean to say sea water is `old' anyway? Click on `Next' at the bottom of the page to continue. Intro Next

80. OCEANOGRAPHERS BELIEVE AN EL NINO IS DEVELOPING. oceanographers BELIEVE AN EL NINO IS DEVELOPING. Researchers have measured afurther rise in sea surface temperature in the central tropical Pacific. http://www.greenpeace.org/~climate/database/records/zgpz0682.html

OCEANOGRAPHERS BELIEVE AN EL NINO IS DEVELOPING. Researchers have measured a further rise in sea surface temperature in the central tropical Pacific. ("Earthweek - A Diary of the Planet", The Toronto Star, 27 October 1990). The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climatic phenomenon which influences the entire global climate system. The term refers to two closely linked states, the classic ENSO, commonly know as El Nino, associated with warm events, and the opposite extreme, anti-ENSO, commonly called La Nina, associated with cold events. ENSO events usually occur every two to ten years and generally last up to 18 months. They are characterised by a weakening or reversal of the easterly trade winds, a warming of the waters of the eastern Pacific and the switching of the see-sawing atmospheric pressure between the eastern and western Pacific (called the Southern Oscillation). Anti-ENSO events are generally associated with anomalies that are the opposite to those linked to ENSO; a strengthening of the trade winds and a cooling of waters in the eastern Pacific. ENSO events result in climatic changes throughout the world, in particular drought in southern Africa, Brazil and Australasia, and floods in the countries bordering the eastern Pacific. Anti- ENSO events generally involve phenomena which mirror those of ENSO; floods in Australasia for example. Currently, our understanding of ENSO is limited. Leading Australian climatologist Professor Ann Henderson-Sellers, suggests that ocean warming may unbalance the constant swing from ENSO to anti-ENSO. She speculates that ENSO may become the normal climate state and anti-ENSO the unusual event. (A.Henderson- Sellers and R. Blong, "The Greenhouse Effect. Living in a Warmer Australia," New South Wales University Press, 1989).

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