41. Books About Saudi Arabia State (Studies in Middle Eastern history), by Joseph the formation and evolution ofSaudi arabia's main state government, and basic social and regional cohesion http://www.geocities.com/~france_mauduit/bookstore-saudi-arabia.html

T he Mauduit Group's Bookstores Global Business Bookstore middle-East Bookstore Group Home Page Site Map ... Contact Saudi Arabia Bookstore A History of Saudi Arabia by Madawi Al-Rasheed TO ORDER Arabia and the Arabs: From the Bronze Age to the Coming of Islam (Ancient Peoples) by Robert G. Hoyland TO ORDER Arabia and the Arabs have been the subject of numerous historical studies by Western scholars. Some focus on Islam, others consider more secular and modern dimensions, but few examine the pre-Islamic period. In this highly original book, Hoyland (Seeing Islam as Others Saw It), a research fellow at St. John's College, Oxford, and the author of several books on the history of the Middle East, gives us a rare glimpse into the society and culture of Arabia before the advent of Islam in the seventh century. Arabs at the Crossroads : Political Identity and Nationalism by Hilal Khashan TO ORDER Economic Development in Saudi Arabia : Consequences of the Oil Price Decline (Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, Vol 66)

42. PRODUCTS.TERADEX.COM - Regional/Middle East/Saudi Arabia/Society And Culture Expatriate Life, history, PRODUCTS / regional / Middle East / SaudiArabia / Society and Culture. Page 1 of 1 Add Product Edit Products http://products.teradex.com/Regional/Middle_East/Saudi_Arabia/Society_and_Cultur

preloadImages('as_free_x-mail','','as_ad-space'); Add your Web Site Add Search to your Site Search: Current Group Entire Site Results per page: Output format: Long Short URL Match: All Any Boolean Expatriate Life History PRODUCTS Regional ... Society and Culture Page 1 of 1 Add Product Edit Products Product Heading Company ... Product Listings Activated Submit Product! Sign Up User Name: Password: Edit in Real Time, Product Listing E-Mail: webmaster@teradex.com Aaex Corp.

43. Lonely Planet World Guide | Destination Saudi Arabia | Attractions to have built around, rather than over, its history. the most interesting and friendlyof saudi arabia's big cities. The Jeddah Museum, the regional museum of http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/middle_east/saudi_arabia/attractions.ht

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks Saudi Arabia Attractions Riyadh Although Riyadh has officially been the capital of Saudi Arabia since 1932, it played second fiddle to Jeddah until the 1970s. Built with oil boom money, Riyadh is now a high-tech oasis of glass, steel and concrete, home to huge hotels, even larger hospitals and one of the biggest airports in the world. The centre of Riyadh is called Al-Bathaa and is the oldest part of the city. Al Bathaa is home to the bus station, GPO and most other things a traveller needs. Most of Riyadh's places to stay are near the bus station, as are the coffee shops and shwarma stands. The Riyadh Museum , to the west of Al-Bathaa, has all the usual stuff covering the history and archaeology of the kingdom from the Stone Age to early Islam. There's an interesting display on Islamic architecture and a separate Ethnographic Hall, with clothes, musical instruments, weapons and jewellery. Signs are in English and Arabic. Once the citadel in the heart of Old Riyadh, the Masmak Fortress was built around 1865 and extensively renovated in the 1980s. Inside the mud fortress there's a nicely reconstructed traditional

44. Saudi Arabia Energy Oil Information The regional Organization for the Protection of the recorded oil spill in world history,with approximately barrels of oil from saudi arabia's shoreline, the http://www.eia.doe.gov/cabs/saudenv.html

November 2002 Saudi Arabia: Environmental Issues Introduction Environmental protection issues in Saudi Arabia are strongly linked but not limited to the production, processing and transportation of oil and natural gas. In recent years, Saudi Arabia has been increasing its efforts aimed at protecting the country from various environmental hazards, while attempting to balance these concerns with the country's heavy dependence on hydrocarbon production and export. On the whole, Saudi Arabia is striving to minimize the impacts of the country's hydrocarbons sector on its environment (including the waters surrounding Saudi Arabia). Saudi Arabia also is attempting to safeguard the health of its rapidly growing population.. In late 2001, new legislation for environmental protection entered into force. The Environment Act, among other things, requires environmental impact assessments and sets standards for industrial emissions. A new body, the Weather Forecast and Environmental Protection Agency, has been set up to administer the new Act. Saudi Arabia is keen to protect the environmental safety of the Persian Gulf and Red Sea, and the Saudi petroleum industryled by Saudi Aramco, the state oil companyhas contributed to environmental protection through safety measures, early warning systems against possible leakage, and advanced methods to control and contain any pollution. Saudi Aramco's Environmental Conservation Policy directs that the company not create undue risks to the environment, and that operations be carried out with concern for protection of the land, air, and water. Aramco has developed an array of operational requirements, engineering standards, and performance guidelines to implement this policy, including sanitary codes, environmental assessments, bioremediation, air quality and emission standards, noise-control regulations, landfill standards, water recycling procedures, hazardous material disposal rules, and oil spill contingency plans.

45. ArabSites Search Engine For The Middle East: Regional Top regional. The first nonprofit site about the city of Jeddah, saudi arabia onthe contains all you need to know about Jordan, the history, cities, lodging http://www.arabsites.com/links/Regional/

Monday, 07 April 2003 E-commerce now developes into its 3rd stage,according to expert Top : Regional Links: About istanbul : everything about istanbul,be our guest in istanbul,, Abuja City : window to nigeria's capital city AccessGCC - Bahrain : A comprehensive and humorous guide to life in Bahrain and the countries that make up the GCC states, lots of links to travel, shopping, entertainment, eating out, finance, Al-Salaf : Quran and sunnah Islmic community islamic topics free e-mail Alberta.com : Your home online for unique communications and personal financial tools, business solutions and in-depth content such as news, sports, entertainment, directory and travel information. All Riyadh Shopping Malls Directory : This is the only site where you can find all the shops of Riyadh and in one place. If you are looking for business partner in Riyadh or lookig for soething in particular in Riyadh then this is the site for you Apartments, Bernkastel-Kues, the interesting 700years old Wine City. : Relaxing and interesting holidays in Germany: Holiday flats for 2-6 persons with castle view in Bernkastel-Kues . : Arabia Web Index, arabiawebindex, Arab world index, Search Engine, Directory, awi, information technology, business, arab, arabs

46. Arabic News Weekly Edition For Local, 4/30/2001 saudi arabia, Agriculture, 5/3/2001 Zenobia Queen of valor and chastity By 5/3/2001Lecture The woman in the Arab history regional, history, 5/2/2001 http://www.arabicnews.com/ansub/Weekly/Local/20010430.html

47. OPM-SANG History governments of the United States and saudi arabia signed a The saudi arabian NationalGuard is a full the capital city of Riyadh, with regional headquarters in http://www.opmsang.sppn.af.mil/History/History.htm

The present day Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG) evolved from the Ikhwan (The Brotherhood), or the White Army as it was sometimes called. HRH King Abdul Aziz Al Saud, the first King of Saudi Arabia, organized and led the White Army in the early decades of the 20 th century to subdue tribal resistance and unify the tribes of the Arabian Peninsula into what is now the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). From this origin the SANG has a long honored tradition of bravery and loyalty to the nation and its ruling family. Unlike the U.S. National Guard, which is a reserve component of the U.S. Armed Forces, the SANG is composed primarily of full-time soldiers drawn from select Bedouin tribes whose loyalty to the Crown is unquestioned. For many years, the SANG was primarily a paramilitary organization with units of varying size, organized along tribal lines, and under the command of trusted tribal sheiks, until things changed in 1973. In 1973 the governments of the United States and Saudi Arabia signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) that established the current U.S. Army security assistance program to modernize the SANG. The basic provision of the MOU is to “ .develop, within the Saudi Arabian National Guard, the capability to unilaterally initiate, sustain, and operate modern military organizations and systems.” The Program Manager, Saudi Arabian National Guard Modernization Program, is chartered by the Secretary of the Army as the executive agent for this program. Modernization is open ended and includes training, supply, maintenance, operations, medical, construction, equipment fielding, equipment post fielding support, and a host of other related activities.

48. Taliban Stir Up Regional Instability Pakistan and saudi arabia support the Taliban, whereas accentuated the differencesbetween regional forces, in well established in Muslim history the Taliban http://mondediplo.com/1999/11/07taliban

49. History Of IMCL Conferences Development Holistic Approaches to City regional Development. Public Space Urban Design in Istanbul Makkah City, saudi arabia Historical http://www.livablecities.org/history/Vienna2000.htm

27th International Conference on MAKING CITIES LIVABLE July 4-8, 2000 Vienna Rathaus, Vienna, AUSTRIA Plenary and Panel Sessions: Rediscovery of Public Space / Wiedergeburt des öffentlichen Raumes: The Renaissance of Public Squares in Northern European City Centers Ten Principles for the Design of Successful Urban Spaces New Urban Spaces in Krakow Living Spaces of Prague. Solutions, Changes Strategic Redevelopment Plan for Primary Downtown Shopping Street, Madison, Wisconsin Urban Design Issues: Reston Town Center A Morphological Approach to Urban Design Architectural Preservation Policies: When Once Rural Places Become Urban Reconsidering Design Education: Greening of the Ivy Harbour Reclamation Issues: Against Harbor Reclamation in Hong Kong: Lessons of Success Urban Design for the Well-Being of Children / Stadtgestaltung für das Wohlbefinden des Kinders: Cities of Vision: Freiburg, Rennes, Strasbourg Cities for Children: The Bern Model of a Just City for Children / Das "Modell Bern" für eine Kindergerechte Stadt Areas of Experience for Children on Rivers Visions of the City: The Three Typologies of the Traditional City The Urbanism of God Holistic Principles for Urban Development: Ökologische Stadtentwicklung, Stadtgestalt-ung und Nutzungsmischung im Städtebau

50. Table Of Contents Page 7. VII. The Contemporary Period, 1945-2000. 2001. The Enc The Encyclopedia of World history. 2001. Table of Contents. 1. Overview. a. CulturalDevelopments. b. regional Diplomacy. j. saudi arabia. k. North and South Yemen. http://www.bartleby.com/67/toc7.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference The Encyclopedia of World History PREVIOUS CONTENTS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Encyclopedia of World History. Table of Contents Page 7 A. General and Comparative Dimensions

51. U.S. Challenges And Choices In The Gulf: Iran And Proliferation Concerns This history of WMD attacks on Iran by Iraq The View from Tehran Other regional ConsiderationsIraq aside the Gulf, to the Southwest of Iran, saudi arabia is a http://www.mepc.org/public_asp/forums_briefs/7-12-02.asp

Capitol Hill Series Briefing Series Special Forums Briefing Series Policy Brief #5 From a July 12, 2002 Congressional Staff briefing on "U.S. Challenges and Choices in the Gulf: Iran and Proliferation Concerns," jointly sponsored by: The Atlantic Council of the United States, The Middle East Institute, The Middle East Policy Council, and The Stanley Foundation U.S. Challenges and Choices in the Gulf: Iran and Proliferation Concerns This policy brief is based on the discussion at the eighth in a jointly sponsored series of congressional staff briefings on "U.S. Challenges and Choices in the Gulf." For a printable, pdf version of the brief, click here I. The Proliferation Picture in the Gulf: A Tough Neighborhood The Gulf region is beset by historical rivalries, competition for regional influence, territorial disputes and explosive conflicts. These factors create a dangerous strategic environment in which many key regional actors look to defend their national interests by pursuing weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and ballistic missiles. This regional attraction to WMD poses serious problems for U.S. policymakers. It represents a clear and present danger to U.S. interests, troops and allies in a region with vital oil and gas deposits, a pivotal geographic location and a volatile recent history. Iraq is currently the center of attention in Washington and at the United Nations (UN) because of the combination of Saddam Hussein's determined efforts to acquire WMD and the disarmament obligations imposed on Iraq by the Security Council in 1991 and thereafter. In contrast, Iran's WMD development programs remain largely unknown and unchecked. They were the main subject of a recent Congressional Staff Briefing organized by the Atlantic Council of the United States, the Middle East Institute, the Middle East Policy Council and the Stanley Foundation.

52. Nations And Government: Comparative Politics In Regional Perspective, Fourth Edi 3. Political Setting The Western Political Heritage. regional Overview. Religion,Culture, and history. Case Studies Israel, Egypt and saudi arabia. 12. http://newtexts.com/newtexts/book.cfm?book_id=396

53. AboutKSA history, Politics and Administration of saudi arabia The Prince Khalid was proclaimedKing of saudi arabia. National and regional Consultative Councils were http://www.undp.org.sa/aboutKSA.html

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia About Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Basic Country Data The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is an upper to middle income country with a Human Development Index of 0.747 and a HDI rank of 75, according to the 2000 Human Development Report. The population has been estimated at 22 million. About 25 percent of the populations are non-Saudis. The total area of Saudi Arabia is 2,240,000-sq. km and the coastline of the country is 2,510 km in length. GDP per capita, for 1998 has been calculated at US $10,158. The life expectancy at birth is estimated at 74 and 70 years for females and males respectively. The Adult literacy rate is 64.4% among females and 82.4% among males. UNDP Resident Coordinator System What is UNDP Human Development ... Home Latest Political King Fahd continues to head important national and international events, but Crown Prince Abdullah is now in charge of the country, for all practical purposes. The Crown Prince has worked steadily to improve Saudi Arabia’s regional relations and reassert its influence. Historic tensions with Iran have evaporated, and the country cooperates closely with OPEC. A border treaty with Yemen was signed in June 2000. A maritime treaty with Kuwait, that governs the shared neutral zone, was also signed, removing tension between the two neighboring countries

54. Saudi Arabia: More Links @ Travel Adventures See also regional Asia (42,659); World Arabic (553). Arabian Careers Limited SaudiArabia Some information about the history, geography, climate http://www.traveladventures.org/continents/asia/saudiarabialinks.shtml

Other countries: Azerbaijan Bahrain Brunei Cambodia ... Middle East :Saudi Arabia Localities Arts and Entertainment Business and Economy Education ... Weather See also Regional: Asia World: Arabic This category in other languages: Arabic Azerbaijani German Greek ... Arabian Careers Limited: Saudi Arabia - Some information about the history, geography, climate and religion of Saudi Arabia, provided by a recruitment firm. - Comprehensive, categorized lis of sites about Saudi Arabia covering a wide range of topics. Country Analysis Brief on Saudi Arabia - Realised by the U.S. Energy Information Administration. Focuses mainly on energy and economics. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - Directory of news and information covering the government, economy, education, and the media. The Saudi Network - Extensive information about and links to Saudi Arabia, and the Middle East in general. The Saudi Virtual Library - A gateway to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with a directory of organized links and a search function. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Around the World in 80 Clicks e-mail: asia@traveladventures.org

55. Welcome To The Country Pages: Saudi Arabia arabnews.com/ Daily English language newspaper of saudi arabia. Countries and Peoplesof arabia http//www Contains information on Islam's history, sacred texts http://www.cies.org/country/saudi.htm

Welcome to the Country Pages Saudi Arabia Embassies General Maps Universities/Education ... CIES Contacts Mecca, home of the holy Mosque and the Ka'abah Photo courtesy of the Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia web site. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia occupies a highly important position in world affairs, as it is both the heartland of Islam and the possessor of the world's largest oil and gas reserves. Comprising most of the Arabian Peninsula, Saudi Arabia covers an area approximately the same size as Western Europe. Over 95 percent of the country is desert, including the world's largest sand desert the Rub al Khali (or "Empty Quarter") in the southeast, and the Nafud which stretches across the northwest of the peninsula. Saudi Arabia is considered to be the birthplace and spiritual center of Islam. Virtually all aspects of Saudi Arabian society are guided by Islamic ideals. The Koran is the basis of Saudi Arabia's constitution, while Shari'ah (Islamic law) is the basis of the country's legal system. Arabic is Saudi Arabia's official language and is considered a holy language by Muslims. Today, the majority of Saudi Arabians are Sunni Muslim, while a Shi'a minority is concentrated in the eastern province.

56. Library Of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handboo Provides site lists for the arts, education, government, entertainment, and business. Includes a variety of categories for resources. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/satoc.html

SAUDI ARABIA - A Country Study Search Saudi Arabia Include word variants Use only words as entered. Saudi Arabia FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PREFACE ... Glossary

57. WorldRover - Culture Of Saudi Arabia saudi arabia Culture and history Books. Nations Online Features databank of regionalpolicies, institutions, and resources; current publications and research http://www.worldrover.com/culture/Saudi_Arabia.html

Culture of Saudi Arabia Welcome to WorldRover's listing of country history and culture for Saudi Arabia. Check out the links below to find more information on the people and history of a country. On the right you can also find flag clip art and maps available for free download. Embassy information is also available for a number of countries around the world, however, please confirm all information. We hope to add additional links regarding the culture of Saudi Arabia as they become available. If you have a site or know of a site that should be added, please let us know. Thanks for visiting WorldRover's history, people, and culture site. Saudi Arabia Culture and History Books Nations Online - A comprehensive portal to sites in various countries throughout the world. Anthropological Studies Center - A non-profit center at Sonoma State University dedicated to cultural resources management, education, research, and public service. EuroDocs: Western European Primary Historical Documents Ethno-Net Africa - A network for comparative studies, monitoring and evaluation of ethnic conflicts and social transformation in Africa. OrientGate.net

58. Saudi Arabia Energy Oil Information With onefourth of the world's proven oil reserves, saudi arabia is likely to remain the world's largest oil producer for the foreseeable future. total saudi export saudi arabia to make slow progress.". In the context of successfully becoming integrated into the global economy, Fahd also emphasized the importance of regional http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/saudi.html

October 2002 Saudi Arabia With one-fourth of the world's proven oil reserves, Saudi Arabia is likely to remain the world's largest oil producer for the foreseeable future. During the first 7 months of 2002, Saudi Arabia supplied the United States with 1.5 million barrels per day of crude oil, or 17%, of U.S. crude oil imports during that period. Information contained in this report is the best available as of October 2002 and is subject to change. GENERAL BACKGROUND With oil revenues Slow economic growth is not good news in a country with a rapidly increasing (and young 50% under age 15) population, many of whom cannot find good jobs outside of the public sector (which is overstaffed and a drain on the country's budget). Over the past two decades or so, Saudi real economic growth has fallen far behind population growth, resulting in sharply reduced real per capita incomes and higher unemployment (officially estimated at 15%, with the true level likely much higher). Per capita oil export revenues (in inflation adjusted dollars) remain far below high levels reached during the 1970s and early 1980s (around $2,563 per person in 2001, versus $23,820 in 1980, for instance). Saudi Arabia also has a high level of domestic debt (around 100% of GDP) which it hopes to pay down. Although Saudi Arabia continues to maintain relative fiscal discipline (including an announcement on December 8, 2001, of a 20% budget cut for 2002), movement towards economic reform remains uneven at best. For instance, reducing subsidies and increasing tariffs on electricity has proven problematic, with a rate increase announced in April 2000 subsequently reversed in October in the face of widespread public opposition. For fiscal year 2002, the Saudi budget had anticipated a deficit of around $12 billion, or 7% of GDP. However, this forecast was based on an oil price assumption for Saudi oil of about $17 per barrel, which now seems far too low. (Note: according to an analysis by the Saudi American Bank, Saudi Arabia requires an oil price of $22 per barrel with crude oil production of around 8 million bbl/d to balance its budget. With higher-than-expected oil prices for much of 2002, this combination now appears about on target.)

59. Basic Facts BASIC FACTS ABOUT saudi arabia Business Hours Currency Geography and Climate Government history Holidays Hijra and Gregorian CalendarConversions Judicial System Language Main Cities Population Travel Regulations Voltage Weights and Measures http://www.us-saudi-business.org/basic.htm

BASIC FACTS ABOUT SAUDI ARABIA Business Hours Currency Geography and Climate Government ... Weights and Measures BUSINESS HOURS The Kingdom is eight hours ahead of U.S. eastern standard time. The work week in Saudi Arabia is from Saturday through Wednesday, with the weekend on Thursday and Friday. Friday is the Muslim holy day of the week. Government offices in the Kingdom are open Saturday through Wednesday from 7:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. All government offices and businesses close during prayer time, which occurs five times a day. Prayer times are listed in the daily newspapers. Banks EASTERN PROVINCE Saturday through Wednesday, 8:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Thursday, 8:00 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. CENTRAL PROVINCE Saturday through Wednesday, 8:30 a.m. to noon and 4:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. Thursday, 8:30 a.m. to noon. WESTERN PROVINCE Saturday through Wednesday, 8:30 a.m. to noon and 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. Thursday, 8:00 a.m. to noon. Businesses and Shops Saturday through Wednesday are official days of business. Most businesses are also open Thursday morning. Major shopping centers and malls are open all day Thursday, and on Friday afternoons. During the month of Ramadan, fewer hours are worked everywhere. Official business hours are 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., and most businesses and shops are open after sunset. EASTERN PROVINCE 7:30 a.m. to noon and 2:30 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.

60. History Of Saudi Arabia - The History Beat Search Beat Society and Culture history history of saudi arabia. history,Geography and Demographics of saudi arabia. history. http://history.searchbeat.com/saudiarabia.htm

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