81. Sea Otters National Zoo/ FONZ sea otters in California Radiotelemetry is a basic technique for studying wildlifepopulations but it proved difficult to use this technique with sea otters. http://natzoo.si.edu/ConservationAndScience/AquaticEcosystems/SeaOtters/

Home Aquatic Ecosystems Sea Otters in California Focus on Science Weekend Saki monkey born in the Small Mammal House Smithsonian Marine Science Network Sea Turtles Of Gabon And The Republic Of Congo National Zoo Accreditation Research About Sea Otters Related Resources North America Ocean Living Zoo Scientific Publications Learn more about Smithsonian Natural History Museum Tropical Research Institute Environmental Research Center Sea Otters in California Research Radiotelemetry is a basic technique for studying wildlife populations but it proved difficult to use this technique with sea otters. Collars did not work as the otters simply removed them. Transmitters attached to tags on the hind flippers lasted only a few months and often fell off. In the mid-1980s, NZP researchers and scientists at the University of Minnesota, developed a radio transmitter that could be surgically implanted in sea otters and lasted up to two years. They used this transmitter in a pioneering study of the threatened California population, producing new information on many aspects of sea otter biology including movements (Ralls, Eagle, and Siniff 1996), foraging (Ralls, Hatfield, and Siniff 1995), 24-hour activity patterns (Ralls and Siniff 1990), and reproductive and survival rates (Siniff and Ralls 1991).

82. 6/29/2000~Sea Otters Decline Throughout The Aleutian Islands In Alaska News Release. June 29, 2000. sea otters Decline Throughout the Aleutian Islandsin Alaska, An estimated 6,000 sea otters remain in the Aleutian Islands today. http://news.fws.gov/NewsReleases/R7/A11C3D91-AC20-11D4-A179009027B6B5D3.html

News Release June 29, 2000 Sea Otters Decline Throughout the Aleutian Islands in Alaska News Releases Home Page Search the News Releases Contacts 1011 E Tudor Road Anchorage, Alaska 99503 (907)786-3309 (TDD Available) For Release: June 29, 2000 Angela M. Doroff: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK, 907-786-3800 Dr. Jim Estes: U.S. Geological Survey, Santa Cruz, CA, 831-459-2820 Lianna Jack: The Alaska Sea Otter and Steller Sea Lion Commission, Anchorage, AK, 907-274-9799 The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) recently surveyed sea otters in the Aleutian Islands and confirmed that the population has declined dramatically. The sea otter population in the Aleutians has declined 70% since 1992, and 95% or more throughout much of the Archipelago since the 1980's. An estimated 6,000 sea otters remain in the Aleutian Islands today. Historically, sea otters were abundant throughout the coastal regions of the north Pacific Ocean from northern Japan to Baja California, Mexico. Extensive commercial harvests of sea otters for fur began in the mid-1700's and continued until the sea otter population was at the brink of extinction. In 1911, the International Fur Seal Treaty provided protection from further commercial harvest to the isolated remnant populations of sea otters. In the Aleutian Islands, which form the boundary between the Bering Sea and the north Pacific Ocean, two small sea otter populations were known to have survived the commercial harvests for fur. The remnant population of sea otters in the Aleutian Islands began to grow and reoccupy their former range. The first systematic aerial surveys of sea otters in the Aleutian Islands were conducted by the Service during 1959-1965. Sea otters were thriving and the greatest concentration in the world was located in the central Aleutian Islands. In the 1980's the Alaska Department of Fish and Game estimated there were from 55,000 to 100,000 sea otters in the Aleutian Islands.

83. Sea Otters sea otters sea otters were hunted allmost to extinction. Discovery Online sea otters From the cradle to the wave. Sea otter picture gallery. http://www.lighthouse123.com/id55.htm

var TlxPgNm='id55'; Lighthouse Beach home Tiger Shark Mallard Duck Great White Shark ... Australian Cattle Dog Sea Otters Sea Otters were hunted allmost to extinction. Today they are on the Endangered Species list and are making a comeback. They eat sea urchins, octopus, mussels, clams and crabs. Sea Otter picture by Karl W. Kenyon Friends of the Sea Otter Discovery Online - Sea Otters From the cradle to the wave. Sea otter picture gallery. Monterey Bay Aquarium: Focus On Sea Otters Otter cam, picture gallery, exhibit, life at sea, back from the brink. If you are ever in the Monterey area go check out this place. Enhydra lutris lives in shallow water areas along the shores of the North Pacific. mailto:davesplace1@yahoo.com

84. CyberSpace Search! SEARCH THE WEB. Results 1 through 10 of 10 for sea otters. http://www.cyberspace.com/cgi-bin/cs_search.cgi?Terms=sea otters

85. Sea Otters And Other Marine Animals We observe sea otters playing, feeding, resting, caring for young and socializing. Ifyou love sea otters, you will love our safari's new shirt design! http://www.elkhornslough.com/otters.html

Elkhorn Slough Safari offers unique and relatively close sea otter viewing. We observe sea otters playing, feeding, resting, caring for young and socializing. While you watch and enjoy these delightful creatures in their natural environment, the naturalist will share background information with you. This tour has been recommended to sea otter enthusiasts by "Friends of the Sea Otter." Otter Sightings : Average Number Observed - 23 In addition to otters, a number of marine mammals frequent the slough. Harbor Seals have an active birthing rookery and resting haul outs here. Sea lions are sighted regularly. On at least two rare occasions gray whales have strayed into the slough channel. If you love sea otters, you will love our safari's new shirt design! Special focus mammal and sea otter workshops with local field biologists are offered by Elkhorn Slough Safari each season. The topics covered include social behavior, breeding, recent research and other information. The next workshops are scheduled for September 22 and Oct. 5. Pre-register early - group size limited. Friends of the Sea Otter Back to Top

86. Sea Otters At Risk From Killer Whales In A Changing Ocean :: Green Nature :: sea otters At Risk From Killer Whales In A Changing Ocean. Becauseof a lack of Steller sea lions and harbor seals, large numbers http://greennature.com/article1800.html

@import url("themes/PostNuke/style/style.css"); Green Nature Apr 11, 2003 - 05:00 AM Home Login Nature Photography Travel Search Web Search Site Index Outdoor Recreation AIR Acid Rain Air Pollution Climate Change Ozone Depletion ... Whales Energy Issues Automobiles Biomass Hydropower Nuclear Power ... Wind Global Africa China Europe General ... Recycling Land Forestry GM Foods Mountains National Parks ... Organic Farming Water Coastal/Oceans Fresh Water Rivers Poll Should the U.S. Go To War Against Iraq? Yes, unilaterally if necessary Yes, if the UN Security Council Agrees No Results Polls Votes: Comments: Sea Otters At Risk From Killer Whales In A Changing Ocean Because of a lack of Steller sea lions and harbor seals, large numbers of sea otters are being eaten by hungry killer whales in western Alaska waters, according to findings in the October 16 (1998) issue of the journal Science. Related Resources Sea Otter Intro Marine Mammal Index In "Killer Whale Predation on Sea Otters Links Oceanic and Nearshore Ecosystems,"a U.S. Geological Survey biologist and his colleagues at the University of California, Santa Cruz, reported on sharp reductions in sea otter numbers in the North Pacific rim. "We estimate that between 40,000 and 45,000 sea otters have died since 1990 from killer whale predation in roughly 3,300 kilometers of shoreline," said Jim Estes, a biologist at the Western Ecological Research Center. "This unusual behavior of killer whales toward sea otters ultimately raises questions about the health of our oceans."

87. Homework Help--Animals, Insects & Birds--Sea Otters Animals, Insects Birds sea otters. Focus on sea otters An introduction tosea otters in the aquarium and in the wild, from the Monterey Bay Aquarium. http://www.kcls.org/hh/seaotters.cfm

Library Services Find Your Library Ask a Librarian Reserve a PC Library Cards ... eBooks Good Reads Good Reads New Reads Book Clubs Youth Services Homework Help Kidspage TeenZone Library Resources eAudio Seniors ESL/Literacy Special Collections ... Email This Sea Otters Focus on Sea Otters An introduction to sea otters in the aquarium and in the wild, from the Monterey Bay Aquarium. The Otter Project: Natural History Notes Sea otter biology and natural history, population status, about the Southern Sea Otter, the sea otter's role in the ecosystem, and relationship with man, from the Otter Project. Sea Otter Sea Otter Brief facts and observation history from the Smithsonian Institution. Sea Otter Animal Bytes fast facts and fun facts, from SeaWorld/Busch Gardens. Sea Otter: Enydra Lutra An overview of the sea otter, by Jennifer Marsh, Marine Biologist. From the Save the Whales web site. Sea Otters: From the Cradle to the Wave Discovery.com's site on introducing captive-raised sea otters into the wild.

88. More About Sea Otters no kelp beds. Because of hunting, sea otters were nearly extinctat the end of the nineteenth century. Today there are probably http://www.dolphinlog.org/creatures/otter2.htm

Home Dolphin Humpback Whale Manatee ... Dolphin Log A SEA OTTER'S LIFE AT SEA The otter's teeth are flat and tough, to crack shells. Its front paws pick upand pick apartcrabs, sea urchins, clams and other crustaceans to eat. Otters are one of the very few mammals that use tools regularly. An otter will carry a rock in a pocket of skin under its arm. When it brings a crab, for example, back to the surface of the water, the sea otter rolls over on its back, places the rock on its stomach and smacks the crab against it to crack open the shell. Then it can get at the delicious meat inside. It's not just for dining that an otter spends time lounging on the surface of the ocean. A mother sea otter lies on her back, holding her pup with her forepaws while it feeds or naps. She keeps her baby very close, feeding and teaching it for 6-8 months. When it is about two months old, it begins to dive for food, too. Otters often sleep in kelp beds, rolling themselves in pieces of this giant sea weed to keep from floating away. They rest while floating in groups, or "rafts" of three or four individuals. Sometimes the rafts can link up hundreds of otters, especially in areas where there are no kelp beds. Because of hunting, Sea otters were nearly extinct at the end of the nineteenth century. Today there are probably about 100,000 otters in the northern waters from Alaska to Russia. Another 500 or so live further south in Alaska, 100 along the coast of the US-Canada border and about 2,000 in California's waters. Although they are protected from hunting now, a recent, new threat to sea otters seems to come from a change in the feeding habits of orcas. In Alaska, researchers have seen orcas preying on otters, instead of their usual diet of seals or sea lions.

89. The Kenai Peninsula's Coastal Sea Otters The coastal waters around the Kenai Peninsula contain abundant numbersof sea otters and it seems the population is continuing to expand. http://alaskaoutdoorjournal.com/Wildlife/kpotters.html

by Klondike Kid Sea Otters, Seals and Sea Lions on the Kenai Peninsula The cutest of all saltwater wildlife has to be the sea otter. Its whiskery "old man" look and innocence make it a mammal that everyone loves to view. The coastal areas surrounding the Kenai Peninsula support large numbers of sea otters as well as populations of seals and sea lions. Otters are frequent visitors to kelp patches where much of their primary food sources occur. Seals and sea lions feed in more open waters primarily for herring and other bait fish but best viewing is along rocky shorelines where they haul out to sunbathe. Shore-based Viewing Although viewing from shore is somewhat limited there are a few locations which will give you an opportunity to view and photograph these creatures. If you are in Homer , I have always encountered a sea otter or two swimming just off the beach at the end of the Homer Spit around Land's End Resort. This area provides no protection for them so the ones that frequent this location are passing through during their feeding. Its a waiting game but you won't be bored. The view of the bay, glaciers, mountains and the procession of sport and commercial fishing boats is breath-taking. If you are in Seward , you will have excellent opportunities to view sea lions and sea otters right in town near the Small Boat Harbor. A large number of

90. California Sea Otters In Big Sur California CALIFORNIA sea otters, Contact Us. CALIFORNIA sea otters IN BIG SUR.Where to find them sea otters can be found throughout Big Sur. http://www.bigsurcalifornia.org/seaotter.html

Lodging Camping Calendar Restaurants ... Whale Watching CALIFORNIA SEA OTTERS Big Sur Information Guide Accommodations/Lodging Beaches Businesses Calendar of events Camping Church Services Community Page Contact Us Directions/Map to Big Sur Emergency Telephone # Hiking History of Big Sur Hot Springs in Big Sur Point Sur Lighthouse Real Estate Rules of the Road Wedding Planner Contact Us CALIFORNIA SEA OTTERS IN BIG SUR Where to find them: Sea otters can be found throughout Big Sur. You'll see them swimming in and around the kelp forests. When the sea otters are eating, you'll see them lying on their back, like the otter on the right who is happily munching an Abalone, a Sea Otters favorite food. California Sea Otters Make a Dramatic Recovery The California, or southern, sea otter survived a close brush with extinction early in this century, but today, under the protection of the Endangered Species Act, it is expanding its range and increasing its numbers. By the 1930's, most people believed that this subspecies of sea otter had vanished, wiped out by fur traders who coveted its rich pelt. In 1938, however, a small group of otters was discovered living near the mouth of Bixby Creek along California's Big Sur coast. From those few survivors, the otter has increased its numbers to more than 2,000 today. Growth has been particularly impressive during the past decade, when otter numbers increased by nearly 50%. The otter's dramatic recovery is due in no small part to the dedication of EDF Honorary Trustee Margaret W. Owings, long time resident of Big Sur, who founded Friends of the Sea Otter in 1968 to champion the otter's cause. Over the years, EDF and Friends of the Sea Otter have worked together on many occasions on behalf of the beguiling and imperiled species.

91. Polar Bears, Sea Otters And Pacific Walrus Polar bears, sea otters and Pacific walrus are managed by the US Fish and WildlifeOffice; NMFS manages all but these three species of marine mammlas in Alaska http://www.fakr.noaa.gov/protectedresources/othermammals.htm

ALASKA REGIONAL OFFICE Home Protected Resources Division Polar Bears, Sea Otters and Pacific Walrus Polar Bears, Sea Otters and Pacific Walrus The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) of 1972 gave the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) responsibility for the management and conservation of all but three species of marine mammals in Alaska. The MMPA gave the Department of Interior (DOI) management responsibility for polar bears, walrus, sea otters, manatees and dugongs. The DOI U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Region 7, Alaska, Marine Mammals Management Office is responsible for management of the three Alaska species: polar bears, sea otters, and Pacific walrus. To find out more about polar bears, sea otters, and Pacific walrus, please see the USFWS's website at: http://www.r7.fws.gov/mmm/ Home CDQ Fisheries ... Webmaster

92. Alaska Sea Grant ASJ: Sea Otters Rebound In SE Alaska Radio script sea otters increasing in Southeast Alaska cause concerns forscientists. sea otters Rebound in Southeast Alaska . http://www.uaf.edu/seagrant/NewsMedia/99ASJ/04.01.99_OttersRebound.html

Radio Script Sea Otters Rebound in Southeast Alaska INTRO: Once wiped out by Russian and American fur hunters, sea otters in Southeast Alaska are now making a dramatic comeback. But while tourists may love these adorable, furry mammals, scientists say they could cause dramatic changes to the region's marine ecosystem. Arctic Science Journeys reporter Doug Schneider has more. STORY: Glacier Bay National Park lies at the northernmost tip of Southeast Alaska. The three-million-acre marine park is home to killer whales, eagles, and some of the world's largest glaciers. Glacier Bay is also the latest place to be reclaimed by sea otters, which were hunted to extinction in Southeast Alaska 150 years ago by Russian fur traders. Their recovery began in the 1960s when biologists transplanted 400 sea otters from elsewhere in Alaska to Southeast. For two decades, the sea otter population remained steady. All that changed in the 1980s, says Brendan Kelly, a marine mammal scientist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. KELLY: "I've looked at the growth rates and they are above 20 percent per year, which we've seen other otter populations do elsewhere during their recolonization phase. Once they get their flippers under them and figure out how to exploit new habitat, they can grow that fast."

93. A MIGHTY MINIATURE SEA OTTER SHOP Paul Brent Manatee Love, Paul Brent - Manatee Family, Paul Brent - ManateeMates, Geof Markovich - sea otters Two. Buy Manatee Love. Buy sea otters Two. http://www.angelfire.com/hi2/mightyminiatures/seaotters.html

A MIGHTY MINIATURE SEA SHOP MANATEE GIFTS MORE PENGUIN GIFTS MORE SEA OTTER GIFTS TURTLE GIFTS ... WHALE GIFTS FISH DECOR FOR MORE DETAILS-CLOSEUP-TO ORDER, BOOKMARK THIS PAGE NOW THEN CLICK INTO THIS LINK THEN TYPE "fish " INTO SEARCH BOX OR GO TO DEPARTMENT OF YOUR CHOICE Click here to shop online at Domestications! FISH DECOR FOR MORE DETAILS-CLOSEUP-TO ORDER, BOOKMARK THIS PAGE NOW THEN CLICK INTO THIS SMALL "Primary" LINK BOX THEN TYPE "fish" INTO SEARCH BOX OR GO TO DEPARTMENT OF YOUR CHOICE FISH JEWELRY FOR MORE DETAILS-CLOSEUP-TO ORDER, BOOKMARK THIS PAGE NOW THEN CLICK INTO THIS JEWELRY BANNER LINK THEN TYPE "fish" INTO SEARCH BOX FISH FOR YOUNG AND OLD FOR MORE DETAILS-CLOSEUP-TO ORDER, BOOKMARK THIS PAGE NOW THEN CLICK INTO THIS BANNER LINK THEN TYPE "fish" OR "animals" INTO SEARCH BOX Sea Otter Poster Store To purchase any of the products below click on the image. All transactions are safe and secure with satisfaction guaranteed. This store is brought to you in association with AllPosters.com - The World's Largest Poster and Print Store. Buy Manatee Love Buy Manatee Family Buy Manatee Mates Buy Sea Otters Two SAVE THIS PAGE NOW MINIATURE CAT DECOR MORE CAT DECOR MYSTICAL CAT DECOR CAT JEWELRY ... Home Decor @ catalogcity.com

94. Jessica Felix Designs - TWO SEA OTTERS JOINED AT THE TAIL Sterlingsilver functional whistle with two tones, high and medium.......TWO sea otters JOINED AT THE TAIL. Style Necklace http://www.artandallthatjazz.com/Jessica_Felix/Whistles/Figurative/WH119.shtml

Welcome to A Fine Art and Fine Craft Gallery Home page Whistles - Sculptural sterling silver pendants that are also functional whistles. Figurative Whistles - Representations of ethnic and cultural images from countries around the world. Eskimo Whale Polar Bear Wolf Eskimo Face ... Decorative Whistles - Ornate silver whistles, many of them adorned with semi-precious stones. Masks - Interpretations in sterling silver of ceremonial masks designs from many cultures including Africa Alaska Iroquois Indians Japanese Islands , The Pacific Northwest Coast and Pre-Columbian Montage Designs Wine Designs Beautiful earrings ... necklaces and more inspired by the fine wines of Sonoma county. Musical Instruments - Mostly African instruments interpreted into silver by Jessica Felix. Figurines - Small wearable silver sculptures from Alaska and the Northwest. Includes a 24" snake chain with a Rosewood stand. Links Guarantee Ordering information Questions and comments TWO SEA OTTERS JOINED AT THE TAIL Style: Necklace Description: Sterling silver functional whistle with two tones, high and medium. Has small hole on the bottom that changes the tones when covered with the finger. Carving on both sides. Dimensions: 1.5" tall by .75" wide

95. Sea Otter Photos sea otters (Enhydra lutris). We are fortunate sea otters (Monterey Bay AquariumNatural History Series) by Marianne Riedman. Seals, Sea Lions http://www.theragens.com/photos/Sea Otter Photos.htm

FREE PHOTOS! Signup for online photo processing from Shutterfly or Snapfish and get free photos, including our wildlife pictures. The award-winning Alexa Toolbar (powered by Google) makes it easy to search the web. And, when you download Alexa , you'll support our site! TheRagens Site Contents Wildlife Photos Bald Eagles Deer Orca Whales ... Other Photos Order Photos Shutterfly Snapfish Photo Links Site Feedback ... Other Pages Affiliate Sites Additional Affiliate Programs var site="s14theragens" Sea Otter Photos (Enhydra lutris) We are fortunate to have a retreat in the San Juan Islands in Puget Sound that supports a wide range of wildlife. The sea otter is the smallest marine mammal in North America — they grow to roughly four feet in length. One remarkable fact about sea otters is that they are one of the few animals that use tools. Sea otters use rocks or shellfish or other hard/sharp objects to separate food from rocks or as a hammer to break the shells of their food. Sea otters eat a variety of marine invertebrates including clams, mussels, urchins, crabs, and abalone. Sea otters do not have a thick layer of fat or blubber. Instead, they rely upon their dense fur for insulation. The fur is sensitive to soiling from oil or other contaminants and soiling of the fur by oil generally results in death. Adult otters give birth to a single pup nearly every year. This year, we got fortunate and caught a picture of this sea otter. It was dining on something delectable while lying on a piece of driftwood on our beach. Within a few seconds, it noticed me from about 150 feet away and slipped off the log into the water with its snack.

96. CNN - California Sea Otters Dropping In Number - August 22, 1999 California sea otters dropping in number. Aquariums like the Long Weuse the coastline as much as the sea otters. And we take fish http://www.cnn.com/NATURE/9908/22/endangered.otter/

MAIN PAGE WORLD ASIANOW U.S. ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pagenet DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: California sea otters dropping in number Aquariums like the Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific are studying injured and orphaned otters like this one August 22, 1999 Web posted at: 10:13 p.m. EDT (0213 GMT) From Correspondent Mark Bernheimer LOS ANGELES, California (CNN) Intelligent and playful, the California sea otter is a curiosity to scientists as well as the general public. But the elusive animal is becoming more difficult to find in the wild. While their cousins in Washington, Alaska and Canada are thriving, the number of California sea otters has declined 12 percent since 1995, with just over 2,000 remaining. The rapid drop has prompted scientists to scramble for solutions, but they can't fix the problem until they understand exactly what is causing it. All they have so far are possibilities. "Disease, contaminants, starvation and entanglement or entrapment in coastal fishing gear," offers Carl Benz of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

97. Marine Reserves Can't Do It All: Sea Otters Vs. Red Abalone California's sea otters and red abalone fisheries both need help butwhat's the best way to protect predators as well as their prey? http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-01/sfcb-mrc012803.php

Public release date: 28-Jan-2003 Contact: Samantha Fanshawe sam@mcsuk.org Society for Conservation Biology Marine reserves can't do it all: Sea otters vs. red abalone California's sea otters and red abalone fisheries both need help but what's the best way to protect predators as well as their prey? New research suggests that the answer is separate reserves. "We conclude that coastal marine protected areas off California cannot enhance abalone fisheries if...they also contain sea otters, " say Samantha Fanshawe, who did this work while at the University of California at Santa Cruz, and is now at the U.K.'s Marine Conservation Society; Glenn VanBlaricom of the University of Washington in Seattle; and Alice Shelly of TerraStat Consulting Group in Seattle, Washington, in the February issue of Conservation Biology. California's red abalone population is so low that all of the commercial fisheries and all but one of the recreational fisheries are closed. Similarly, California's sea otter population is at roughly 2,000 and is dropping by about 1-2% each year. While the state has two marine reserves that protect the otters from people, there are none that protect the abalone from otters. To see if reserves can both protect the sea otters and rebuild the red abalone fisheries, Fanshawe and her colleagues studied red abalone at six sites, four with and two without sea otters. The sites with otters were off Monterey County and the sites without otters were off Sonoma County; abalone harvesting is prohibited at all six of the sites. The researchers determined the abundance and size of red abalone at two depth zones: "shallow" (about 10-15 feet) and "deep" (about 25-33 feet). Sea otters can dive as deep as 330 feet and so can easily reach abalone on both zones.

98. Audubon Aquarium Of Americas Tour the Aquarium sea otters. sea otters With Southern Charm! They .you guessed it, Southern sea otters are at the Aquarium. Found http://www.auduboninstitute.org/aoa/tour_seaotters.htm

Audubon Nature Institute Audubon Zoo Audubon Aquarium of the Americas Audubon Louisiana Nature Center Research Center Golf Course Audubon Park Educational Programs Tour the Aquarium Sea Otters Sea Otters With Southern Charm! They're witty, they're intelligent, and they're dripping in Southern charm. . .you guessed it, Southern sea otters are at the Aquarium. Found off the coast of central California, Audubon Aquarium of the Americas is the only place in the South where these little charmers can be seen. Named "Buck" and "Emma," the two sea otters are relishing in their fabulous 23,000-gallon new digs at the Aquarium. They live on the second floor in an exhibit featuring two pools, a waterfall, and large acrylic windows for plenty of viewing! Don't miss a chance to marvel at Emma and Buck. Come watch the Aquarium's sea otter keepers work with the animals, teaching them behaviors to keep the curious creatures occupied and entertained. And of course, you might get entertained as well when these two turn on their Southern charm!

99. Threatened Pinnipeds And Sea Otters MMS Pacific Region Threatened Pinnipeds and sea otters in the Southern California PlanningArea. There once may have been as many as 300,000 sea otters. http://www.mms.gov/omm/pacific/enviro/pin&seaotter.htm

100. The Sea Otter sea otters live 1015 years, become reproductive at 2-5 years, and producesingle pups about once per year during prime reproductive age. http://www.absc.usgs.gov/nvp/sotter.htm

The Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris) From the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill (EVOS) Trustee Council Fiscal Year '95 Project Description: "Sea otters live 10-15 years, become reproductive at 2-5 years, and produce single pups about once per year during prime reproductive age. They rely on their pelage rather than fat to maintain body temperature . This means of thermoregulation requires a high metabolic rate that depends on a high caloric intake (up to 25% of their body mass in prey consumed per day). Constrained by diving limitations to waters <100 m in depth, sea otters in PWS and elsewhere in the Pacific are distributed along a narrow band of nearshore habitat extending offshore from the intertidal zone. In PWS, about 80% of the sea otters are observed in water depths 40 km of coastline, thereby integrating environmental effects and influencing benthic community structure over large areas. Two consequences of sea otter physiology and habitat requirements are a high susceptibility to contaminants, particularly external oiling, and a large influence on prey populations. Preferred prey of sea otters include sea urchins, mussels, clams, snails and crabs. By late 1991, results of three injury assessment studies suggested that effects from the spill were continuing: the age class distributions of sea otters dying were abnormal relative to pre-spill data, post-weaning survival was low, and surveys revealed no increase in abundance in oiled areas. By late 1993, juvenile survival had increased and mortality patterns appeared to begin returning to normal. However, surveys of abundance failed to detect increases of sea otters. Analyses of data from a new aerial-survey methodology implemented in 1992 indicate that densities of sea otters are up to an order of magnitude lower in areas of PWS where oiling was most severe and persistent and where sea otter mortality was high, and suggest that recovery had not occurred by 1994.

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