41. Cal Aggie Alumni Association the history and culture of the shangaan people on a the challenges and victories ofthe indigenous people in the enormous challenges facing the peoples of the http://www.ucdavis-alumni.com/travel2003/southafrica.htm

var MainGraphic='travelheaderwithpix.jpg'; document.writeln(''); Cultural and Wildlife Safari to South Africa September 25-October 8 From cosmopolitan Cape Town to the purple mountains of Swaziland, join South African naturalist Graham Johansson as he takes us to his country's most stunning sights. Vistas at Blyde River Canyon vie with exciting wildlife viewing. We'll traverse Kruger, Umfolozi and Hluhluwe reserves, home to lions, leopards, elephants and beautiful scenery. In Swaziland, Africa's last monarchy, we drive through spectacular mountains and visit colorful markets. Explore historic battlefields and small villages far from the normal tourist route, where we stay in a charming "upcountry" hotel. Our safari concludes in Cape Town, one of the world's most beautiful cities, where we visit the Cape of Good Hope, the historic wine lands, Table Mountain and local settlements. A special dinner and discussion will include UCSB alumni living in Cape Town. Cost $6,245 per person, based on double occupancy, with airfare from Los Angeles; $5,995 per person, based on double occupancy, with airfare from New York. $4,295 land only. You may make arrangements to pre or post extend your trip.

42. Class & Colour In South Africa 1850-1950 - Chapter 10 no longer any talk of Basuto, Zulu or shangaan. the dynamic qualities of an indigenousnational movement the white population and none of the coloured peoples. http://www.anc.org.za/books/ccsa10.html

Chapter 10 Socialism and Nationalism Enthusiasm kept pace with the spread of soviets, the councils of workmen and soldiers, in Russia. She of all countries, ' clear-sighted, audacious, unfaltering, with magnificent contempt for the bogies and fetishes that capitalism would have us dread or revere, has suited the action to the word', wrote Bunting in June. His election manifesto of that month urged South Africans 'to rise to the occasion' by 'following the bold and inspiring lead of the Russian Workers '. When the revolution moved to its climax in the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks in November the International declared that they had incarnated the theories of Karl Marx. 'The Word becomes Flesh in the Council of Workmen.'2 Two hundred socialists from the Reef, Pretoria, Durban, Kimberley and Cape Town met in the Johannesburg Trades Hall in August to send Andrews to the proposed peace conference in Stockholm. It was a great occasion. Among the main speakers were Sigamoney, of Durban's Indian Workers' Union, and Selope Thema, secretary of the African National Congress. A number of Africans attended. Outraged by this breach of the racial taboo, the Labour party's executive, then meeting in the same building, adjourned to a near-by hotel in protest against whites and Africans sitting together in conference. Unperturbed by this protest, the socialists passed a resolution moved by Dunbar instructing their delegate to demand peace 'on the basis of the complete destruction of the capitalist system'. This was ' mere demagogy ' noted Andrews at a later period. ' Dunbar and his supporters were more revolutionary than Lenin and the Bolsheviks.'3

43. Adherents.com: By Location src Weeks, R. (ed.), Muslim peoples A World primalindigenous, Mozambique, -,50.00%, -, -, 1999, James, RS . shangaan, Mozambique, -, -, -, 1 country, 1995,Haskins, J http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_218.html

Adherents.com - Religion by Location Over 42,000 religious geography and religion statistics citations (membership statistics for over 4,000 different religions, denominations, tribes, etc.) for every country in the world. To Index back to Morocco, unknown Morocco, continued... Group Where Number of Adherents % of total pop. Number of congreg./ churches/ units Number of countries Year Source Quote/ Notes Africa Evangelical Fellowship Mozambique *LINK* "Southern Africa " in SIM NOW , Feb. 1999 (vol. #85); (viewed online 6 July 1999); SIM International web site. "AEF missionaries arrived in Mozambique in 1936, were expelled in 1960, and returned in 1985. " African indigenous churches Mozambique *LINK* Nazarene web site: Nazarene World Mission Society; (major source: Johnstone's Operation World Table "Religions " African Traditional Religion Mozambique *LINK* web page: "Geographical Distribution of Followers of ATR... " (viewed 13 March 1999); Arranged by Chidi Denis Isizoh from the entries made in: Barret, D.B. World Christian Encylopedia . Nairobi (1982). Table: "Geographical Distribution of Adherents of African Traditional Religion in the Continent of Africa " African Traditional Religion Mozambique *LINK* web page: "Geographical Distribution of Followers of ATR... " (viewed 13 March 1999); Arranged by Chidi Denis Isizoh from the entries made in: Barret, D.B.

44. South Africa - EthnoBass Portuguese Major ethnic groups indigenous tribal groups 99.66% (shangaan, Chokwe,Manyika http://www.ethnobass.org/afr_south.html

Home AFRICA page: - Central Africa - East Africa - North Africa - Southern Africa - West Africa AMERICA page: - Caribbean - Central America - Central South America - East. South America - North America - North. South America - South. South America - West. South America ASIA page: - Central Asia - Eastern Asia - Northern Asia - Southern Asia - South Eastern Asia - South Western Asia EUROPE page: - Central Europe - East Europe - North Europe - Southern Europe - South Eastern Europe - South Western Europe - West Europe MIDDLE EAST page COUNTRIES PEOPLES ARTISTS GLOSSARY INTERVIEWS ESSAYS LINKS SERVICES page - CD reviews - Events - Picture Galleries Southern Africa page Angola Botswana Lesotho Madagascar ... Zimbabwe Links: Music.org.za The core of this site is the reference biografies of South African artists. Nice! There is also a interesting News + events + tours department. Description: African Jazz, Hip Hop, Kwaito, Reggea and more... THE African music site from the south... Top of page - Menu Angola Map of Angola Population: 10 million Capital: Luanda Offisial language: Portugese Major ethnic groups: Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and Native African) 2%

45. African Circumcision Rites While most indigenous peoples in Namibia have done away the Xhosa areas of South Africaimproves; there circumcision as required in shangaan tradition because http://www.circlist.com/rites/african2.html

Male Circumcision In Africa (Part 2) Return to Part 1 NAMIBIA: TRADITIONAL METHODS OF CIRCUMCISION ... WINDHOEK - Journalists jostled for positions at the house of the Herero paramount chief Kuaima Riruako in Windhoek recently to witness the public circumcision of an 11-year-old Herero boy. While most indigenous peoples in Namibia have done away with the traditional circumcision of young boys, the Herero have vowed to stick to the practice which is deeply rooted in their tradition. Debate on the subject was rekindled after a Namibian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) news program earlier this month, which showed a young boy being circumcised with a blunt knife. The program unleashed criticism from the National Society for Human Rights which described the procedure as being "tantamount to torture." The society's senior spokesperson, Zen Mnakapa said: "The method used constitutes both physical and psychological torture and is in definite conflict with the rights of children." In a letter published in The Namibian, the deputy minister of Fisheries, Dr. Abraham Iyambo, says the recent pictures carried by NBC television on circumcision can only be branded as disturbing, nauseating, painful, cruel and stupefying. "Those crying children could ask whether the painful procedure was not in contravention of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child," says Dr. Iyambo. He said only good and painless cultural practices should be upheld and defended; painful, bad, obsolete and deforming cultures should be condemned, abandoned or reformed.

46. The Metropolitan Museum Of Art - Art And Oracle nhungubani) with stoppers (nhlotswa) Tsongashangaan, Northern Province the Shonaand Tsonga peoples reside. Tooke, Rituals and Medicines indigenous Healing in http://www.metmuseum.org/explore/oracle/soafGourds.html

Fig. 1. Medicine vessel (gona), named Makambe, meaning "bright color" Tsonga-Hlengwe, South Africa Early 20th century Wood; H. 39 cm Hereditary owner: Chivange Nbanyere Collection: Johannesburg Art Gallery Description of this section Fig. 2. Decorated medicine gourd (nhungubani) with stoppers (nhlotswa) Tsonga-Shangaan, Northern Province, South Africa 20th century Gourd, wood, white glass beads, cowrie shells, fibers, animal hair, and glass baby's bowl; H. 34 cm Owner/maker: Ceteswayo University of the Witwatersrand Art Galleries (Standard Bank Collection of African Art), Johannesburg, South Africa Fig. 3. Decorated medicine gourd (nhungubani) with stoppers (nhlotswa) Tsonga-Shangaan, Northern Province, South Africa Gourd, wood, glass beads, metal bracelet, string, basket; H. 20.5 cm Owner/maker: Ceteswayo University of the Witwatersrand Art Galleries (Standard Bank Collection of African Art), Johannesburg, South Africa Fig. 4.

47. Robben Island - General Information Ndebele, the Venda and Lemba; and the shangaanTsonga. obviously distinguishes theSouth Ndebele, from other indigenous South African peoples, is their http://www.freedom.co.za/general.html

General South Africa is a big country, occupying over a million square kilometres of the Southern continent, its 3 000 -km coastline lapped by the cold waters of the Atlantic in the West and, in the east, by the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. More than that it is a country of remarkable diversity with its population - ' The Rainbow Nation '- embracing a bewildering mix of clours, creeds, customs and languages. Variety and contrast are visible in the nation and in the land itself, and in the character of the towns and cities and rural areas. Some of the still existing tribes would include the Zulu Nation, the Xhosa, the Swazi (all three are related, belonging to the Nguni group of people); the Northern Sotho, the Southern Sotho and the Tswana, the South Ndebele and the North Ndebele, the Venda and Lemba; and the Shangaan-Tsonga. No matter how many generations removed, members of a tribal clan are still "brothers and sisters" and share common roots. According to oral history, the name Zulu literally means "sky", and was the name given to the son of Malandela and Nozinja, who lived in what was later to become known as Zululand or, in the Zulu language, KwaZulu. An interesting situation developed when young Zulu, who was his mothers' "favourite", grew to be a man. His eldest brother, Qwaba, became jealous of him and planned his end. His mother however, came to the rescue and took Zulu away.Supported by an Induna ( headman ) named Mpungose he made his way in the world and - as it happened - establish the Zulu clan.

48. Zimbabwe Home Union (ZANU) and the Zimbabwe African peoples Union (ZAPU groups including the Tonga,the shangaan and the Christians while 24% have solely indigenous beliefs. http://www.questconnect.org/africa_zimbabwe.htm

49. Mozambique: Travel Advice, Visa Requirements, Safaris, Map, Tours.. The indigenous tribal groups of Moçambique make up about 99 centre of Moçambique,and the shangaan of the 3rd century AD, Bantuspeaking peoples from central http://www.backpackers.za.net/mozambique/

Maputo, the capital city, is situated on the south coast. It is gradually being rebuilt after years of war. Both it and Beira, Mozambique's second largest town, also located on the coast, are built up and have historic Mediterranean style buildings, forts and shipwrecks that make for interesting exploring. The national parks of Mozambique are Banhine and Zinave in the south, and Gorongosa north of Beira. Attractions and National Parks The Bazarruto Archipelago Accommodation is predominately top end lodges, many offering activities such as diving, surfing, fishing and other watersports in the clear blue waters. Pemba On the north coast, at the mouth of a huge bay, is Pemba - another top destination with a range of watersports on its stunning waters, beautiful beaches and coral reefs. Some say the Pemba coast has the most beautiful beaches in the world. Pemba is in Cabo Delgado the most northerly province of the country and is the home of the Makonde group of people, who are concentrated on the Mueda Plateau. Pemba town sits at the mouth of the world's second largest natural harbour. The view of the bay from Pemba's heights is spectacular and there is hardly a view to compare with this place on the Southern African coast. Most basic food supplies and alcohol can be bought in Pemba town, there is a good local market selling vegetables, fruits and street food.

50. GENERAL INFORMATION SOUTH AFRICA North Sothos, South Sothos, Tswanas, shangaanTsongas and Vast tracts of indigenousforests occur around Knysna. introduction to Durban's past and its peoples. http://guidesforhire.freeyellow.com/INDEX.htm

SOUTH AFRICA INFORMATION genral information south africa contact tours information about cape town about durban ... south african map GENERAL INFORMATION SOUTH AFRICA LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES At the southernmost tip of the African continent, the Republic of South Africa (RSA) is flanked in the west by the Atlantic Ocean, in the south and east by the Indian Ocean, in the north by Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, and in the north-east by Mozambique and Swaziland. SIZE The RSA covers an area of 1,127,200 sq. km - about one eighth the size of the USA, and nearly five times the size of the United Kingdom. CLIMATE Western Cape and district enjoys a Mediterranean climate (warm dry summers, cool wet winters). Occasional winter snowfalls cover the surrounding mountains. Average maximum summer temperature is 24 C; winter 18 C. Eastern Cape (Garden Route) Enjoys elements of the Mediterranean climate of Cape Town as well as that of the summer rainfall regions to the east. Kwazulu/Natal Enjoys summer rainfall (typically after thunderstorms) and cool dry winters. Snowfalls on the Drakensberg cause brief cold snaps. Average maximum summer temperature in Durban is 25,5 C; winter 22,6 C. Gauteng, North/West Northern Province and Mpumalanga

51. Full Story His father and uncles played the shangaan mbira, drums and language; 2) through theuse of indigenous media; and 3 for organized worship for all peoples in all http://www.communication-strategy.net/synapse/news/fullstory.cfm?articleid=3659&

52. Marula Net Database ncanhi; Sebei (Kenya) katetalum; shangaan - nkanyi, inkanyi lifeline of NorthernNamibia the peoples perspective, Gamsberg Making the most of indigenous trees http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/Sites/TreeDBS/marula/info.htm

World Agroforestry Centre Marula Net Home Tree Databases Prunus Net Marula Net ... Images Species info Internet literature Glossary Acronym Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst.) Content Introduction Taxonomy and Distribution General description, Cultivation and Yield Nutritional status and uses ... References Introduction The 60 genera Anacardiaceae comprising some 600 species of trees and shrubs are distributed throughout the tropics, and are also found in warm temperate regions of Europe, eastern Asia, and the Americas. Many species have been widely cultivated beyond their limited areas of origin because of their economic importance as sources of timber, lacquer, oil, wax, dye, and for their often edible fruit or nuts. Five species are native to tropical and South America. The most important fruit is the mango from Mangifera indica L., whilst the most important nuts are the cashews (

53. Tourism By Province depicting the ways of life of both the shangaan and Ndebele peoples. cultural community,ranging from the descendants of the indigenous Khoikhoi, proud http://www.sambangola.info/safrica/tbyprov.htm

Tourism by Province Gauteng The name G au teng derives from the Sotho word meaning “Place of Gold”. An apt title, as much of the wealth of this province has come from this precious metal. The principle cities of Johannesburg and Pretoria make Gauteng the commercial, industrial and administrative heart of South Africa and an important powerhouse for the whole of Southern Africa. Johannesburg and nearby Sandton boast superb hotels, restaurants and shopping centres. Close to Johannesburg is Soweto (South Western Township) a huge, sprawling community, which is home to several million people. Homes range from makeshift shacks to affluent mansions. Despite the urbanisation of Johannesburg, opportunities for getting to nature abound in the surrounding areas. Game farms, dams, lakes, rivers, hiking trails and picnic spots are plentiful. The Vaal River region is a particular popular recreation area for watersports and fishing. Pretoria, about 50 km north of Johannesburg, the country’s administrative capital, developed at a more sedate pace than Johannesburg, so it was built with an abundance of open spaces. There are more than 100 parks, including bird sanctuaries and nature reserves. Tourism by province Northern Province The northern section of the Kruger National Park lies in this province. The nearest airport is at Phalaborwa, a place also known for its open-cast copper mine, the largest in Africa.

54. Race And Ethnicity Analysis - BloodBook.com, Blood Information For Life Israel, Jewish 82% (Israelborn 50%, Europe/Americas/Oceania-born 20%, africa-born7 Mozambique, indigenous tribal groups 99.6% (shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika http://www.bloodbook.com/race-eth.html

RACE and ETHNICITY ANALYSIS BLOODBOOK.COM THIS PAGE PRESENTS PERCENTAGE DETAILS OF INDIVIDUAL ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT NATIONALITIES SEPARATED BY COUNTRY. TO HOME PAGE CLOSE WINDOW Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Blood Types African American Black Blood Donor Emergency COUNTRY RACIAL and/or ETHNIC ANALYSIS of PEOPLE GROUPS Afghanistan Pashtun 38%, Tajik 25%, Uzbek 6%, Hazara 19%, minor ethnic groups (Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others) Albania Albanian 95%, Greeks 3%, other 2%: Vlachs, Gypsies, Serbs, and Bulgarians Algeria Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1% Andorra Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3% Angola Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico (mixed European and Native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22% Antigua black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian (see Barbuda) Argentina European 97% (mostly of Spanish and Italian descent), 3% other (mostly Indian or Mestizo) Armenia Armenian 93%, Azeri 3%, Russian 2%, other (mostly Yezidi Kurds) 2% (1989) Note: as of the end of 1993, virtually all Azeris had emigrated from Armenia

55. ZimBiz Magazine - July 2000 - Minorities - Non-Black Discrimination most important of all, just how indigenous you have Chinese, Malayan, Arab, Zulu,Xhosa, Matabele, shangaan, Kalanga you name it, most peoples of the world are http://www.zimbabwebiz.com/zimbiz/magazine/07-2000/july07.htm

Search magazine JULY 2000 Features Child Abuse Oliver Mtukudzi Farm Facts Election Post Mortem ... Olympic Hopefuls Regulars Laura Campbell Busani Bafana Happenings... Scandal Watch Archive June 2000 May 2000 April 2000 March 2000 ... September 1999 Whites were not the only race coming under attack in the racially-motivated parliamentary election campaign currently ravaging Zimbabwe. The ugly tentacles of racism have also spread to the coloured and Asian communities. Asians, in particular, are being viciously targeted, most notably through a hate-filled document sent to prominent businessmen in the community and believed to have originated from the offices of black economic empowerment organisation, the Affirmative Action Group (AAG). Comparing the Zimbabwean situation to Uganda which, in the 70s, gave all Asians exactly 24 hours to leave the country, is having the spine-chilling effect that was intended. Many Asians living in Zimbabwe either have family who were deported from Uganda, or were themselves caught up in the political entanglement of that country. Soon after the circulation of the malicious hate mail a Bulawayo apartment block belonging to wealthy Indian businessman, Mr Narandas Hassamal, was invaded by the AAG, the organisation saying it was unacceptable for prime property to stand vacant while so many people were without accommodation.

56. Moz.htm People African (99%, including shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika Religion indigenous beliefs(50%), Christian (30%), Muslim (20 the least reached peoples in Mozambique http://www.om.org/fields/rsa/Moz.htm

OM in Mozambique Joining OM Outreaches Personnel needs in SouthernAfrica ... Flood Relief Mozambique Mozambique recently emerged from the human destruction of a devestating 15 year civil war, however, natural disasters such as drought and floods continue to damage the infrastructure and plunge lives into chaos. Five years ago Mozambique had the dubious distinction of being the poorest nation on earth. The Mozambican people have now manged to shed that label, put the past behind and start to rebuild. Area: 801,600 sq km (309,500 sq mi)( slightly less than twice the size of California) Population: 19,124,335 (July 1999 est.) Capital city: Maputo (pop 1.3 million) People: African (99%, including Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena and Makua) Language: Each of the major ethnic groups in Mozambique has its own language. The common tongue and official language is Portuguese. There are 16 major ethnic groups in Mozambique. The most significant are the Makua (the largest group) of the northern provinces; the Makonde (also of the north). Religion: Indigenous beliefs (50%), Christian (30%), Muslim (20%)

57. Landru.i-link-2.net/jtrees/text/Nations_of_old-world.txt generic name for several peoples) Dompago Dyerma Berber (assimilated) Mozambique shangaan Chokwe Manyika 15%) see CHINA indigenous (6%) Cambodia http://landru.i-link-2.net/jtrees/text/Nations_of_old-world.txt

Tofin Toli Urhobo //Waama// (Yoabu) Waci Xweda Xwela Yoba Maubere Chinese [see CHINA] India - [Est. population: 1,014,003,817 ]

58. . 2002.11.04 Common-Place Book . A Blog Eritreans who speak different indigenous languages used Arabic as a process in whichAfrican peoples were creators reference to the Tonga, shangaan, and Tswana http://www.backspace.com/common/20021104.html

59. ARTTHROB of works by black South Africans and indigenous Australians at at a crucial time,when the peoples of this of Pretoria, the Venda and shangaan communities, and http://www.artthrob.co.za/00oct/listings-cape.html

60. Sweden.com Discussion Forum - F*cking Cultural Enrichers Has Done It Again! indigenous tribal groups 99.6% (shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika dont have a terror network?africahas real mexican governments use their indigenous peoples as cannon http://www.sweden.com/forums/showthread.php3?threadid=3161&pagenumber=17

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