81. Urban Sprawl Changes Landscape, Urban Sprawl Changes Landscape urban sprawl refers to the development of residential and commercial centerson undeveloped land located outside the boundaries of a city. http://www.riverdeep.net/current/2000/04/front.270400.sprawl.jhtml

This Week's Current The Classroom Flyer Life Science Biology ... Sports Urban Sprawl Changes Landscape Expanding Cities Think about the town you live in. Are there new neighborhoods, highways, and shopping centers where parks or farms used to be? Is there new construction in areas once considered "on the outskirts"? If so, then perhaps your area has succumbed to urban sprawl. What are some of the problems associated with urban sprawl? Take a look at Earthshots from the United States Geological Survey. These Landsat images from 1972 to the present show environmental change in areas around the world. Resulting Problems Consider some of the major problems associated with this type of growth: Increased traffic congestion/air pollution: Each year, Americans spend 55 8-hour workdays behind the wheels of their cars. As urban areas spread out, more time is spent in cars, and traffic congestion occurs over a larger area. Adding new lanes to highways doesn't solve the problem.

82. Urban Sprawl Home Page Report Citizens' Guide to Endangered Green Space. What's new with the UrbanSprawl Land Use Committee and several major campaigns in Minnesota. Plus. http://www.northstar.sierraclub.org/SPRAWL_HOME.htm

Citizens Guide Home Urban Design Transportation Tour de Sprawl 2002 ... Citizen's Guide to Local Land Use Sprawl Committee Sunday, October 6th, 2002 Citizens Guide to Local Land Use and Planning ... How You can be Effective as a Local Land Use Activist A Better Blueprint for the Future ... The Metropolitan Councils BluePrint 2030 TEN REASONS: ... Report: Citizens' Guide to Endangered Green Space Plus New Urbanism What is your Sprawl Quotient Ahwahnee Principles Local Sprawl Campaigns in Area ... Cost of Roads vs. Light Rail Transit The North Star Chapter has a working Committee on issues related to urban sprawl. We are working in increasing awareness of the problems of the "developer-driven" urban planning in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area. To get involved contact Sharon Stephens at ssteph2659@email.msn.com Sierra Club Reveals that Sprawling Development is Raising your Taxes and Hurting the Environment / Local Smart Growth Advocates "Weigh In" Read the Analysis of Sprawl in Six Minnesota Communities previewing sprawl issues in cities from Two Harbors to Rochester, Willmar to Woodbury, and Scott County to St. Cloud. Read the 1999 National Report on Sprawl by the Sierra Club Guide to Endangered Green Space (2001) Take a quiz to test your knowledge of sprawl in the Minnesota Twin Cities area.

83. Green Ontario: Sprawl Curb urban sprawl! Formal Strategies or Plans for Controlling urban sprawl.Federal Government. None. Provincial Government. Niagara Escarpment Plan. http://www.greenontario.org/strategy/sprawl.html

Introduction Formal Strategies Factsheets The Eco-Tool Box Curb Urban Sprawl! For the latest developments in Ontario's Smart Growth initiative, see our Smart Growth section How can we halt Dumb Growth! Urban sprawl the uncontrolled growth of urban centres poses a serious threat to the natural environment, our foodland and energy resources, and to human health and quality of life. Ontario's major urban centres are growing rapidly. Without careful planning and compact development we will lose more land than is necessary and exacerbate existing air and water quality problems. Population of Ontario Urban Centres (thousands) (Source: Statistics Canada) % Change Toronto Ottawa-Hull Hamilton London Kitchener St Catharines Windsor Oshawa Ontario How this growth is managed will affects our ability to achieve several important environmental goals, such as... protecting significant natural areas (wetlands, forests, waterways); conserving valuable resources (in particular Canada's prime agricultural farmland and fossil fuels);

84. Short Course On The Economics Of Urban Sprawl And Land Use Change Short Course on The Economics of urban sprawl and Land Use Change. June 22 nd2002. Organized by (a) MarketBased Instruments to Control for urban sprawl;. http://www.esm.ucsb.edu/news/conference/sprawl/

Short Course on The Economics of Urban Sprawl and Land Use Change June 22 nd Organized by Professor Antonio M. Bento, University of California, Santa Barbara Professor Charles D. Kolstad, University of California Santa Barbara Sponsored by: The Donald Bren School of Environmental Science and Management The University of California Transportation Center Center for Spatially Integrated Social Science Objective: The purpose of this one-day intensive course is to expose graduate students, environmental and urban economists, geographers, urban planners and policymakers to the recent developments in the literature on the Economics of Urban Sprawl and Land Use Change Modeling. The course will consist of six lectures, given by experts in each of the following sub-topics: (a) Market-Based Instruments to Control for Urban Sprawl; Topics covered : The Monocentric City Model; Spatially-disaggregated Models of the Landscape; Optimal Market Based Instruments Instructor Prof. Antonio M. Bento , University of California, Santa Barbara (b) The Value of Spatially Explicit Modeling;

85. CBC.CA - City Limits: Controlling Urban Sprawl In North America Links General Info on Sprawl and Smart Growth . urban sprawl Solstice, an onlinesource for sustainable energy information. urban sprawl Strains Western States. http://www.cbc.ca/news/indepth/urban_sprawl/links.html

Indepth Viewpoint Science Live ... search Links General Info on Sprawl and "Smart Growth" Urban Sprawl Solstice, an online source for sustainable energy information Smart Growth Primer from the State of Oregon Smart Growth from U.S. E.P.A. - federal government Urban Land Institute more on smart growth principles Sprawlwatch A national perspective Center for Policy Alternatives Sprawl state-by-state Congress on new urbanism - the architectural theory Critique of Smart Growth Atlanta Sites City of Atlanta Atlanta Chamber of Commerce Arcadis engineering company Georgia Conservancy ... Planning in the Atlanta Regional Government Atlanta Neighbourhood Development Project Portland sites Portland's Metro Government Orenco Station Smart Growth/New Urbanism project Portland Case study of growth Oregon Taxpayers Union Smart Growth Opponents School of Urban Planning Portland State University City of Portland Orenco Station Coalition for a Livable Future The Urban Growth Boundary ... Neil Goldschmidt The Rocky Mountains sites City of Calgary Sustainable Calgary A non-profit society dedicated to community sustainability The Rocky Mountain Land Use Institute Urban Sprawl Strains Western States Urban Sprawl : A Case Study Littleton, Colorado

86. Urban Sprawl And Environmental Justice urban sprawl and Environmental Justice UEP163a. Summer Term - 2001. Urbansprawl is a well established phenomena in America. As one http://sprawl-central.com/

http://www.tufts.edu Urban Sprawl and Environmental Justice UEP-163a Summer Term - 2001 http://ase.tufts.edu/uep Tufts Institute for the Environment Course Schedule and Syllabus Bottom of this Page Department of Urban and Environmental Policy and Planning I ssues of environmental justice affect a wide and disparate range of constituencies and communities. Nevertheless, the common themes of environmental degradation and community exclusion characterize many of the problems that minorities and communities of color face in their daily lives. The phenomena of urban and suburban "sprawl" provide important examples of the multiple problems faced by communities of color in coping with the environmental degradation around them. As part of its focus upon land use planning and urban policy, the Department of Urban and Environmental Policy will offer a Summer Term course in 2001 on "Urban Sprawl and Environmental Justice." T he course is designed for both undergraduates and graduate students who seek an introduction to the social dimensions of urban planning and policy issues. In addition, mid-career students with practical experience of urban planning problems will find that the course provides an excellent opportunity to pursue focused research on specific case study material. U rban sprawl is a well established phenomena in America. As one group of analysts has characterized it:

87. The Environmental Literacy Council - Urban Sprawl urban sprawl. In the decades urban development. See the Brookings UrbanCenter site for additional research on sprawl and smart growth. Rice http://www.enviroliteracy.org/article.php/409.html

Home About ELC Site Map Contact Us ... Food Urban Sprawl In the decades following World War II, rising prosperity, availability of affordable transportation, and the lure of green lawns and open spaces spurred a migration of inner city populations to suburban areas. From 1970 to 1990, suburban populations grew 60 percent, while urban populations grew only 12 percent. This trend continued in the last decade, as families moved further away from city centers to find lower housing costs. The expansion of urban areas has been termed "urban sprawl." While there are various definitions of urban sprawl, it is generally considered to be low-density and dispersed development of land outside urban centers. Who Sprawls Most? How Growth Patterns Differ Across the U.S. Brookings Institute scholars examine urban growth patterns and density of land use across the U.S. and the factors that contribute to low-density urban development. See the Brookings Urban Center site for additional research on sprawl and smart growth. Rice University: The Sprawl Net Homepage The School of Architecture maintains a resource page for information, data, and policies regarding urban sprawl.

88. FON -Woods Talk Events urban sprawl / Smart Growth Ask anyone who grew up at the edge ofa large,southern Ontario city what it used to look like —and http://www.ontarionature.org/home/sprawl.html

Urban Sprawl / Smart Growth Ask anyone Visit the FON Smart Growth discussion forum to talk about this issue. DOWNLOAD THE SMART FUTURE BOOK (PDF format): If you want to understand why urban sprawl happens and how we can curb sprawl by creating smarter communities that protect woodlands, wetlands, wildlife and farmlands, please read our book A Smart Future for Ontario: How to Protect Nature and Curb Urban Sprawl in Your Community. Download individual chapters below, or go to the Shop FON portion of our website to order a hard copy of the book for only $8.00. Smart Communities - Introduction Chapter 1 Urban Sprawl Costs Us All Chapter 2 Curbing Sprawl with Smart Growth Chapter 3 A Vision for a Smarter, Nature-First Ontario Chapter 4 The Smart-Growth Toolbox: 32 Ways to a Smarter, Nature-Friendly Future for Ontario Chapter 5 A Smarter Ontario Action Timeline Chapter 6 Getting Organized to Advocate for Smart Communities Chapter 7 glossary, references, resources COMMUNITY WORKSHOPS: OTTAWA - April 22, 2003 Download the Ottawa workshop flyer (PDF) KINGSTON - April 23, 2003 Download the Kingston workshop flyer (PDF) ... Download the Barrie workshop flyer (PDF) Watch for Smart Communities updates on this webpage Get Acrobat Reader FON and Joint NGO Submissions on Smart Growth Strategy Download the Urban Sprawl PDF Visit the FON Smart Growth discussion forum to talk about this issue.

89. Answering The Cusp Call Of The Urban Sprawl - Smh.com.au Answering the cusp call of the urban sprawl. By Jonathan Pearlman June18 2002. Living on the edge, and loving it Jamie, 2, Rebecca http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2002/06/17/1023864406147.html

Home National News Census 2001 Wednesday June 19, 2002 news national world opinion ... place an ad extra personal finance travel education subscribe home delivery eNewsletter archives today's edition: am past 10 days site guide Answering the cusp call of the urban sprawl By Jonathan Pearlman June 18 2002 Living on the edge, and loving it ... Jamie, 2, Rebecca, 8, Adrian, 5, and Daniel, 10, with their parents Joanne and Robert Arcuri. Photo: Brendan Esposito The wide open spaces, quality schooling, affordable property and strong community spirit have been a magnet for young families to Sydney's south west. Robert and Joanne Arcuri live in Austral, about 45 kilometres from Sydney, with their children, Daniel, 10, Rebecca, 8, Adrian, 5, and Jamie, 2. Daniel's parents say he can pick up the phone and have five friends at the house within 10 minutes. "He's got a better social life than me," Mr Arcuri, 38, said. Unlike inner-city suburbs such as Leichhardt or Woollahra, where coffee shops seem to take precedence over playgrounds, the Arcuris said Austral's neighbourly atmosphere made it ideal for raising a family. "I wouldn't want to be nearer the city," Mrs Arcuri, 35, said.

90. CBC.CA - City Limits: Controlling Urban Sprawl In North America are dealing with rampant growth. Discussion forum What can be doneabout urban sprawl? Our Washington correspondent, Frank Koller http://cbc.ca/news/indepth/urban_sprawl/

Indepth Viewpoint Science Live ... search CBC Radio News, July 2001 cross North America, many big cities are becoming victims of their own economic success. They sprawl beyond their old boundaries. They gobble land for homes for workers attracted by the chance at urban prosperity. For decades, governments built highways to allow people who worked downtown to buy a piece of the good life in suburbia. And other government policies supported the construction of vast subdivisions of single family homes. And each year, those suburbs grew outward. As a result, some people are in their cars for hours every day, travelling on crowded, multi-laned highways to shop or to work. Cities seem like endless suburbs, as thousands of new developments rise from what used to be open fields. This series "City Limits; Controlling Sprawl in North America" looks at how governments and individuals are dealing with rampant growth. Discussion forum : What can be done about urban sprawl? Our Washington correspondent, Frank Koller, suggested the series after his travels across the United States during last year's presidential campaign. He was intrigued by the movement to revitalize American cities - a movement that's being fueled by citizens' groups, businesses and governments. The new buzz words in urban planning are 'Smart Growth.' It's a plan that puts people ahead of cars, and aims to make cities more liveable.

91. Urban Sprawl And Environmentally Friendly Cites, Carnegie Library Of Pittsburgh Links to web resources in urban sprawl, especially in Pittsburgh and southwesternPennsylvania. urban sprawl Environmentally Friendly Cities. http://www.carnegielibrary.org/subject/environment/sprawl.html

Select Library Area: Article Search Ask a Librarian Branches Careers at CLP Computer Classes Directions Employment Genealogy/History Homework Help Hours Kids' Site Library Subject Guide Renew a Book Request a Book Search Subject Departments Support the Library Teens' Site Web Resource Guide Subject Search: Web Site Catalog Internet Search Database Search Events Search Resource Guide: ... ENVIRONMENT Urban Sprawl Pittsburgh Region Pennsylvania Nearby States United States ... International Pittsburgh Region Center for Neighborhood Technology Metropolitan Initiative: Sustainable Development in the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Region A Briefing Paper from August 4, 1997, prepared by Melisa Crawford, Michele Kanche Fetting, Andrew S. McElwaine, The Heinz Endowments, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania The Green Building Alliance Works to foster "green" building in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area Sustainable Pittsburgh Three Rivers Habitat Partnership assists corporations, communities, and organizations in enhancing wildlife habitat in the Pittburgh region. Three Rivers Sustainable Energy Association Formerly the Western Pennsylvania Sustainable Energy Association, TRASE is an organization dedicated to raising awareness and promoting education regarding sustainable living, practice and construction; serving Western Pennsylvania by fostering relationships among complementary players in allied fields.

92. Urban Sprawl Is A Civil Rights Issue By John Powell urban sprawl is a Civil Rights Issue. Journal of Urban Ecology, Winter2001 Everybody knows that urban sprawl is not a natural phenomenon. http://www.instituteonraceandpoverty.org/publications/sprawlcivilrights.html

Urban Sprawl is a Civil Rights Issue By john powell (with research assistance from Colleen Walbran) Journal of Urban Ecology, Winter 2001 Everyone knows that sprawl is not natural, but few understand the ways that sprawl has devastated civil rights efforts during the past half century and continues to do so now. Examples abound. While African Americans were building a fight against racist housing covenants during the 1940s and trying to open homeownership, the federal government was paying for Whites to move into new homes in the suburbs and sign racially restrictive covenants. Affordable housing is cloistered in the central city and inner-ring, far from new jobs. Homes that see their values boom tend to be in affluent, exclusive, predominantly White suburbs. Another result of a lack of regional coordination is that gentrification is pushing low-income residents, many of color, from reinvestment in city neighborhoods. In the employment arena, job growth is happening in the suburbs, far from the service and entry-level labor pool, while unemployment in the city remains a problem, hitting people of color hardest. And public transit is not making the connections between the labor pool and job growth, again a problem with a clear racial component. These disconnections translate into depressed life chances for far too many families of color and low-income individuals. By adopting this framework for analysis and by enacting equity-based policies to match, not only will the mission of the civil rights movement come closer to being met, but our regions will thrive. Understanding sprawl as a civil rights issue is crucial to the future of our metropolitan regions.

93. Topica Email List Directory List Directory, Lists Help. Category Top Environment Nature urban sprawl.Lists Topica Editor's Choice.Topica Pick, List Has Readable Archives. http://www.topica.com/dir/?cid=3784

94. This Is Our Land And the reality of urban sprawl over the next 25 years is even worse becausePortland and Los Angeles were excluded from McGrath's final forecast. http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/tabloid/UrbanSprawl.html

Click on any picture to view the full size image Urban Sprawl Threatens Coastal Areas by Debra Levey Larson Other Articles: Urban Settlers Sprawl into Countryside Sprawl Aided by Complexity of Local Government The Pendulum Shifts Toward Nature Urban Sprawl Threatens Coastal Areas ... credit Population growth equates with land use; and, given current trends, the forecast for the next 25 years suggests continued loss of coastal areas to development. A U of I study shows that this is especially true for the 20 largest coastal cities in the United States, including Chicago and other Great Lake cities. "Given that the nation's top 20 oceanic and Great Lakes coastal metropolitan regions are likely to increase their population by an additional 32 million people by the year 2025, the ‘urban footprints' of these 20 regions are likely to expand by 46 percent, or from about 20,000 square miles to about 29,000 square miles," according to Daniel McGrath, coastal business and environment specialist for Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant and a fellow at the University of Illinois at Chicago's Great Cities Institute. That's an additional 9,000 square miles, or about 5.8 million acres, of land that today is either agricultural land or open space. For comparison, this increase in land area is roughly equivalent to the current total combined urban land areas of the New York, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and San Francisco metropolitan regions.

95. Race, Poverty And Urban Sprawl Race, Poverty, and urban sprawl Access to Opportunities Through RegionalStrategies. I. urban sprawl and Its Effects on Central City Communities. http://www1.umn.edu/irp/publications/racepovertyandurbansprawl.html

Home What's New About IRP Best Practices ... Employment Opportunities Race, Poverty, and Urban Sprawl: Access to Opportunities Through Regional Strategies by john a. powell This article attempts to demonstrate the need for social justice and urban civil rights advocates to focus on sprawl as well as concentrated poverty. The article posits that these are as much civil rights issues as environmental or land use issues and that sprawl has frustrated civil rights efforts. Indeed, there is strong evidence that racialized concentrated poverty is both a cause and product of sprawl and that, due to this interrelationship, concentrated poverty cannot be addressed without addressing sprawl. To examine this relationship, the author explores how the phenomena of gentrification and the revitalization strategy of in-fill operate differently in rich, middle-class, and poor cities. Finally, the author argues that concentrated poverty and sprawl are regional issues that can only be addressed on a regional level; therefore, it is a mistake for social justice and urban civil rights advocates to leave the regional discussion to environmentalists and land use planners. Introduction This article explores the relationship between sprawl and concentrated poverty. Although there has been inadequate attention given to this relationship, a number of scholars have recently begun to examine it more closely.

96. ScienceDaily News Release: Pollution From Urban Sprawl Threatens Aquatic Life In Source American Chemical Society. Date 200009-29. Pollution Fromurban sprawl Threatens Aquatic Life In Major US Cities. Pollution http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/09/000929073033.htm

Search Our Archives Keywords: Order by: date relevance More options Get ad-free access with email updates sign up or log in Text size: A A A Welcome Home page About this site Awards, reviews News Summaries Headlines Topics Shop Our stuff Browse books Magazines Software Contribute Register free Post release Edit profile Review hits Advertise Media kit Traffic stats Contact us Previous Story ... Related Stories Next Story Source: American Chemical Society Date: Pollution From Urban Sprawl Threatens Aquatic Life In Major U.S. Cities The study blames increased traffic from urban sprawl for high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs, in lakes and reservoirs around six metropolitan areas, including Washington, D.C., New York, Newark, N.J., Minneapolis, Dallas and Seattle. Effects due to vehicle traffic included PAH concentrations in reservoir sediments up to 100 times greater than pre-urban conditions, said Peter Van Metre, lead author of the study from the U.S. Geological Survey in Austin, Texas. The compounds are unlikely to get into the drinking water supply and adversely affect human health because they stick to the sediments in water supplies, he said. In addition, it is safe to eat fish or crabs - because the substance does not accumulate in animals - but the substances can kill aquatic life due to their toxicity and mutagenic effects, the researchers noted. PAHs are comprised of a multitude of substances that are considered both known and suspected human carcinogens. Though water pollution from PAHs is thought to have little effect on humans, it may pose a bigger threat to aquatic life in urban waterways than other more well-known contaminants, such as lead, the pesticide DDT or PCBs, Van Metre said.

97. Curbing Urban Sprawl Curbing urban sprawl. BY BRIAN ROBINSON May 03, 1999, Printing? Usethis version. Email this to a friend. In short, urban sprawl. http://www.fcw.com/civic/articles/1999/CIVIC_050399_44.asp

SEARCH THE SITE Advanced Search ALSO ONLINE Events Calendar Letters Archive Online Archive Print Archive ... White Paper Curbing Urban Sprawl BY BRIAN ROBINSON May 03, 1999 Printing? Use this version. Email this to a friend. Many of the nation's cities are enjoying the fruits of the best economy in decades, with the indicators of civic health-tax receipts, economic investment levels and employment rates-all pointing up. Yet the good times have brought some negatives: an insatiable appetite on the part of consumers and developers for more space, choking transportation systems and service infrastructures. In short, urban sprawl. These problems, which come with fairly toxic environmental side effects, have become so severe that the nation's mayors consider the containment of urban sprawl a top priority. The National League of Cities reported recently that nearly half of the 393 mayors surveyed believed development in their communities was poorly planned or "sprawling." To sort through such problems, communities are rallying around "smart growth" policies that attempt to balance community life and economic development. Increasingly, those plans involve information technologies-including geographic information systems (GIS), graphic modeling software and land-use systems-that use population and demographic databases to project growth scenarios. End users of those systems include elected officials, urban planners and citizens. "I think GIS-now that it has been used as a tool for many, many years-is past the early adoption stage and is viewed as an essential tool for helping make decisions in these areas," said Preetha Pulusani, executive vice president for mapping and GIS at Intergraph Corp., a large GIS developer.

98. EPA: ORD: NCER: Urban Sprawl Research urban sprawl Research ORD/NCER STAR GRANTS urban sprawl Research January 2001 ScienceQuestions and Issues that NCER Is Addressing Related to urban sprawl. http://es.epa.gov/ncer/publications/topical/urban.html

National Center For Environmental Research Contact Us Print Version EPA Home National Center For Environmental Research ... Personalize Menu Items Include: Publications STAR Program Background Materials STAR Research Capsules STAR Integrated Topical Searches ... Archive Search NCER Website: Search NCER Research Projects: Advanced Search Publications Urban Sprawl Research ORD/NCER STAR GRANTS Urban Sprawl Research January 2001 Introduction Across the U.S., there is a growing concern that current development patterns are no longer in the long-term interest of our cities, existing suburbs, small towns, rural communities or wilderness areas. Communities are also questioning the economic costs of abandoning infrastructure in the city, only to rebuild it further out. For these reasons, ORD's National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) is funding research on urban sprawl. The research projects described below are funded by NCER grants. For ease of understanding, all grants have been placed under topic areas that describe the overall, general objectives of the projects. Specific information is given for each grant that includes: title, web address, EPA grant number, principal investigator(s), institution (university), NCER project officer, dates during which the grant is funded, and a brief description of the research.

99. Rare Bird, Inc. | Articles : Urban Sprawl urban sprawl; Can You Dig It? Almost all urban areas are experiencing some sortof sprawl, including some areas that are decreasing in population. http://raq.rarebirdinc.com/articles/urban_sprawl.html

Archive: Pay-For-Click Paradox Pop-Up Spam Best Inventions of 2002 Implosion World ... Scandals Web Reviews From 1997 to the present, President/Creative Director, Jim Cota has been writing informative reviews of Web sites and other internet related issues for the Indianapolis Business Journal Urban Sprawl; Can You Dig It? I have just returned from a trip to Florida with my family during which we drove through several major metropolitan areas, including Atlanta, GA. Thankfully, we had the good fortune of driving through this sprawling urban area at about two in the morning, allowing us to avoid the snarling traffic for which the city is becoming famous. Since there really isn't much to think about when you're driving in the middle of the night and everyone is sleeping, I began to consider the problem of urban sprawl. That's when I remembered a web site called Sprawl City There are a few differing definitions of sprawl, but for the purposes of the site, we'll focus on sprawl as it relates to "the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over more and more rural land at the periphery of an urban area." This is often characterized by replacing farmland, woods, and open areas with concrete, roads, houses and other developments over a period of time. It should be noted that Sprawl City was written by two environmentalist authors, and certainly has the feel of a crusade. Still, using official data from the U.S. Bureau of Census, the site is interesting and persuasive. Almost all urban areas are experiencing some sort of sprawl, including some areas that are decreasing in population. One of the most interesting tables shows the number of square miles of sprawl (1970 - 1990) for the top 100 urban areas. Number one on the list with more than 700 square miles of sprawl: Atlanta. By contrast, Indianapolis shows up at 59th with about 87 square miles. The site sums up the data like this:

100. Immigration And Urban Sprawl Immigration and urban sprawl. Average Annual Loss of Acreage to Development Alabama,32,090, Nebraska, 3,920. 4. Immigration is already contributing to urban sprawl. http://www.fairus.org/html/04177001.htm

@import "issuepaper.css"; http://www.webstandards.org ISSUE PAPERS HOME PAGE About Us Get Involved Membership ... Newsroom Immigration and Urban Sprawl Average Annual Loss of Acreage to Development Alabama Nebraska Arizona Nevada Arkansas New Hampshire California New Jersey Colorado New Mexico Connecticut New York Delaware North Carolina Florida North Dakota Georgia Ohio Hawaii Oklahoma Idaho Oregon Illinois Pennsylvania Indiana Puerto Rico Iowa Rhode Island Kansas South Carolina Kentucky South Dakota Louisiana Tennessee Maine Texas Maryland Utah Massachusetts Vermont Michigan Virginia Minnesota Washington Mississippi West Virginia Missouri Wisconsin Montana Wyoming Source: U.S Dept. of Agriculture, National Resource Inventory. One of the most serious environmental problems facing humankind is sprawl. As human populations increase, they spread out and interfere with the ecosystems that are vital to the health and survival of the planet. As a result, the rate at which farmland, forests, and other open space are being developed doubled in the 1990s, from 1.4 million acres a year to 3.2 million acres a year. Immigration is already contributing to urban sprawl. As immigrants pour into already crowded urban areas, native Americans are pushed out into expanding exurbs and suburbs.

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