61. A History Of Modern Yemen - Cambridge University Press A history of Modern yemen. Paul Dresch. £42.50. However, as Paul Dresch demonstrates,yemen’s modern history is unique and deserves to be better understood. http://books.cambridge.org/0521790921.htm

Home Catalogue Related Areas: History - General History - Modern Area Studies New titles Email For updates on new titles in: History - General History - Modern Area Studies A History of Modern Yemen Paul Dresch Paperback In stock To the outside world, Yemen is famous for its beautiful landscapes and architecture. However, as Paul Dresch demonstrates, Yemen’s modern history is unique and deserves to be better understood. While the borders of most Middle East states were defined by colonial powers after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, a single Yemeni state was not formed until 1990. In fact, much of Yemen’s twentieth-century history was taken up constructing such a state, forged after years of civil war between the North and the South. The story is a complex one, but the author handles it masterfully, employing his skills as an anthropologist to re-enact the experiences of those involved through personal encounters and a first-hand knowledge of the region. The narrative is fast-moving and interactive, introducing the non-expert painlessly and pleasurably to a little-known slice of Arab history. Conversely, the expert will find much that is new on every page. Reviews ‘If you have time to read a single book on Yemen’s recent past, Paul Dresch’s A History of Modern Yemen is the one for you.’American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences

62. A History Of Modern Yemen - Cambridge University Press A history of Modern yemen. Paul Dresch. £15.95. However, as Paul Dresch demonstrates,yemen’s modern history is unique and deserves to be better understood. http://books.cambridge.org/052179482X.htm

Home Catalogue Related Areas: History - General History - Modern Area Studies New titles Email For updates on new titles in: History - General History - Modern Area Studies A History of Modern Yemen Paul Dresch Hardback In stock To the outside world, Yemen is famous for its beautiful landscapes and architecture. However, as Paul Dresch demonstrates, Yemen’s modern history is unique and deserves to be better understood. While the borders of most Middle East states were defined by colonial powers after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, a single Yemeni state was not formed until 1990. In fact, much of Yemen’s twentieth-century history was taken up constructing such a state, forged after years of civil war between the North and the South. The story is a complex one, but the author handles it masterfully, employing his skills as an anthropologist to re-enact the experiences of those involved through personal encounters and a first-hand knowledge of the region. The narrative is fast-moving and interactive, introducing the non-expert painlessly and pleasurably to a little-known slice of Arab history. Conversely, the expert will find much that is new on every page. Reviews ‘If you have time to read a single book on Yemen’s recent past, Paul Dresch’s A History of Modern Yemen is the one for you.’American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences

63. History/Culture The history and Culture of yemen. Tribes, Government and history in yemen, (PaulDresch) This book describes the tribal customs and politics in great detail. http://www.ylcint.com/histcult.html

The History and Culture of Yemen For Further Reference The following is a short list of books that the staff of the Yemen Language Center recommends for further reading. We will add to this list as we find more useful information, including journal and periodical entries. We welcome recommendations from our visitors. Understanding Arabs, (Margaret Nydell): A short but very useful introduction to cultural expectations that Arabs and foreigners have of each other and suggestions for dealing with these expectations. This book can be found in most major libraries and in some bookstores. Islam (Frederick Denny): This is a very brief primer on Islam. Sana'a, An Arabian Islamic City, (World of Islam Festival Trust): This encyclopedic collection of very detailed information on Sanani Yemeni customs is very rare. Only 2,000 copies are known to exists, but if you live near a large library, you might look it up. Tribes, Government and History in Yemen, (Paul Dresch): This book describes the tribal customs and politics in great detail. It is most relevant to northern half of Yemen, but interesting reading for those who plan on hiking in the mountains of Yemen (which I highly recommend).

64. Yemen - Government, History, Population, Geography And Maps Search the Net history; 100% Free Clip Art including world flags and 1000's moreimages and photos! yemen source CIA World Factbook 1998, yemen. Geography. http://www.worldrover.com/vital/yemen.html

Search the Net: History 100% Free Clip Art including world flags and 1000's more images and photos! Yemen source: CIA World Factbook 1998 Yemen Geography [Top of Page] Location: Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia Geographic coordinates: 15 00 N, 48 00 E Map references: Middle East Area: total: 527,970 sq km land: 527,970 sq km water: sq km note: includes Perim, Socotra, the former Yemen Arab Republic (YAR or North Yemen), and the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY or South Yemen) slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming Land boundaries: total: 1,746 km border countries: Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km Coastline: 1,906 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 18 nm in the North; 24 nm in the South continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm Climate: mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east Terrain: narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula

65. Republic Of Yemen - Brief History - Member Countries Of The Arab League - Austra Brief history The first civilisation on in the north of yemen was the kingdom ofMa’in who had trade relations with ancient Egypt in the 14th century BC. http://www.austarab.com.au/Yemen/Yemen_history.html

Select a Country Algeria Bahrain Comoros Djibouti Egypt Iraq Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morrocco Oman Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia Sudan Syria Tunisia UAE Yemen Arab League Countries. -AACCI Members Profiles Brief History The first civilisation on in the north of Yemen was the kingdom of Ma’in who had trade relations with ancient Egypt in the 14th century BC. To the south-east was the kingdom of Qataban which was conquered by the kingdom of Saba’ (Biblical Sheba) during the 5th century BC. In the 1st century BC the Himyarite kingdom eclipsed the power of the Saba’ and moved the capital to San’a and extended their control over southern Arabia. During their rule Jews and Christians settled in the area. In AD 525 the last Himyarite king was defeated by the Ethiopians and southern Arabia was occupied by the Persian Sassanids. In the 7th century the population of the region was converted to Islam. At the end of the 9th century the Shi’ite Muslims founded the Alid Zayid dynasty which was to be present in the government structures until 1960s. From 1174 to 1451 the Egyptian governors ruled. In 1517 the region became a part of the Ottoman Empire. The Zaydi imams expelled the Turks in 1635 except from Aden which they managed to hold until early 18th century. The southern region then came under the rule of the tribal sheikhs. The Ottomans recaptured San’a in 1872, but Yemen secured its independence in 1918. The Zaydi Imams ruled Yemen as absolute monarchs until 1962. In the south, Britain occupied Aden in 1839 and it became a handling station on route to India. The town was administered by British India until 1973 when it became a crown colony and the interior became a protectorate. Aden was amalgamated with the protectorate in 1963 to form the Federation of South Arabia. It provoked civil unrest that lasted until 1967 when the National Liberation Front proclaimed the independent People’s Republic of Yemen.

66. Links internet. About Us. Our mission is to educate public about yemen andsupply electronic information about yemen for everyone. history. The http://www.yemenweb.com/Links.htm

Share culture. Discover heritage. Watch videos. Surf photos. Read News. Get a life @YemenWeb.com. YemenWeb.com, Yemen's Favorite Web Sites Online. Home [ Links ] Travel Yemen History Culture ... Search Search the web !! Members Email Login Password New users sign up What's New - Free easy email @atYemen.com, you may sign up here . You may log in from YemenWeb.com pages, or from http://mail.atyemen.com/ Share your emails with your friends and help promote Yemen over the internet. About Us Our mission is to educate public about Yemen and supply electronic information about Yemen for everyone. History The Himyarites established their capital at Dhafar (now just a small village in the Ibb region) and gradually absorbed the Sabaean kingdom. Gallery Yemen Photo Gallery has over 100 high quality photos from all parts of Yemen. Easy to download and can be very nice desktops on your PC.

67. Vegetation And Climate History Of Yemen The vegetation and climate history of southern yemen. Light brown Holocenesilt deposited at the confluence of the Wadi Sana and Wadi Shumylya. http://www.usgs.nau.edu/global_change/Yemen.html

The vegetation and climate history of southern Yemen Light brown Holocene silt deposited at the confluence of the Wadi Sana and Wadi Shumylya. These silt deposits preserve a sequence of early to mid-Holocene archaeological sites in what is now a sparsely inhabited region of southern Yemen. Note car in the middle background at the foot of the Khuzmum butte. Collaborators: Kenneth L. Cole , USGS Colorado Plateau Field Station Joy McCorriston, Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University Subir Banerjee , Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota Eric Oches, Department of Geology, University of South Florida Abdalaziz Bin ‘Aqil, Mukalla Museum, Yemen Louise Martin , Institute for Archaeology, University College, London A.G. Miller, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland Summary: This research is a reconstruction of the past vegetation of Yemen using fossil deposits left in caves and crevices by a small mammal called the rock hyrax. This is part of a series of interrelated projects in archaeology, geology and paleoecology that are studying the history of an area in the remote Hadramawt region of Yemen, on the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula. This research is coordinated through the Roots of Agriculture in Southern Arabia (RASA) program, headed by Dr. Joy McCorriston, the Yemeni Ministry of Antiquties, and the

68. The Vegetation And Climate History Of Southern Yemen The vegetation and climate history of southern yemen. Abstract of presentationgiven at the 86 Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society http://www.usgs.nau.edu/global_change/ESAAbstract.html

The vegetation and climate history of southern Yemen Abstract of presentation given at the 86 Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, page 86, Scientific Program, 2001. Holocene paleoenvironments of the southern Arabian highlands reconstructed using fossil hyrax middens. Kenneth Cole , Joy McCorriston , Anthony Miller USGS FRESC Colorado Plateau Field Station, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA , The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA , Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Scotland, UK ABSTRACT- Deposits left in caves by the rock hyrax ( Procavia capensis ) were used to reconstruct the paleoenvironments of a remote desert area in the Hadamawt region of southern Yemen. Six hyrax middens have been dated thus far between 2159 and 5239 yr B.P. making this the oldest hyrax midden series yet found. Each deposit contains abundant plant macrofossils and pollen, with an assortment of insects, bones, and snails. One midden, dated to 2159 yr B.P., contains linen cloth, hand-carved amber beads, and a human finger bone suggesting that a burial was in the cave. The most abundant shrubs at this site in the Wadi

69. Caravan-Serai Tours - Yemen - Handbook - History route which went through yemen is one of the oldest international trade routes inthe world and the longest at 3400km. Much of early yemeni history is involved http://www.caravan-serai.com/countries/yemen/hb-history.html

Reading List Pictures Music Map Contact Us: info@caravan-serai.com Handbook History On May 22, 1990, Yemen was unified and a draft constitution was approved in May of 1991. This was the latest historical event in the long history of this fascinating country located on the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula. Sana'a, the capital, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Throughout the Yemen, Stone Age people left evidence of their occupation from 400,000BC. Bronze Age people from 2000BC had developed many agricultural settlements throughout the area. Foremost of these was near Marib where a huge dam was built to irrigate the terraced fields found here. The Marib Dam is considered the greatest technical structure of antiquity. You may see some of the ruins of this structure which collapsed around 600AD and which is nearby to a new dam serving the same purpose today. The Yemenis consider themselves the original Arabs from whom all the other Arabs are descended. Indeed there seems to be evidence of this.

70. Welcome To The Country Pages: Yemen http//www.arab.net/yemen/yemen_contents.html Information on yemen's history, geography,business, culture, government, transportation, and tourist industry. http://www.cies.org/country/yemen.htm

Welcome to the Country Pages Yemen Embassies Maps General Education ... CIES Contacts Plowed fields of the "Husn al-Arus" butte in the Yemini Highlands. Photo courtesy of Daniel Varisco. Situated in the southwest of the Arabian Peninsula, the Republic of Yemen has considerable variation in its physical landscape and climatic conditions, ranging from the Rub al-Khali (or "Empty Quarter") desert region, to fertile mountains and plateaus fed by twice-yearly monsoons. Yemen's remarkable architecture including palaces, mosques, and multi-storied mud and brick houses is one of the country's most celebrated characteristics. The strait of Bab el Mandeb, located at Yemen's southwestern tip, links the Red Sea with the Indian Ocean. The country's ancient kingdoms, built on the spice and incense trades, used its strategic ports in concert with overland camel caravans to give Yemen a historically important role in Middle Eastern trade. The coastal town of Al Mukha became a major force in the coffee trade, and it is from there that the word "mocha" was derived and applied to coffee.

71. History / Middle East / Yemen Cimino Publishing Group Paperback (August 1996) Click here for moreinfo, 5. Tribes, Government, and history in yemen by Paul Dresch. http://hallasianhistory.com/middle_east/16.shtml

Home History Books Middle East Yemen Yemen : Travels in Dictionary Land by Tim MacKintosh-Smith, Tim MacIntosh-Smith Trafalgar Square Hardcover (July 1998) Click here for more info Book Description Read more Eating the Flowers of Paradise : A Journey Through the Drug Fields of Ethiopia and Yemen by Kevin Rushby St Martins Pr (Trade) Hardcover - 336 pages (April 1999) Click here for more info From Kirkus Reviews A superior travel narrative of the qat trail, its history and strange quirks, and very strange characters, from newcomer Rushby. Qat is a brilliant green leaf that can be seen ``flashing like a broken traffic light'' in mouths from northeast Africa to the Arabian Peninsula (and many points beyond,... Read more Impressions of Yemen by Pascal Marechaux, et al Abbeville Press, Inc. Hardcover - 200 pages (October 1997) Click here for more info michele.hopkins@nomura.co.uk from London , March 3, 1998 Intimate study of the forms, styles and colours This book is unlike other photographic books on Yemen, it oes not attempt to tell the whole story but rather examines in closeup the details that form the whole such as the styles, patterns and forms that together distinguish Yemen as a bridge between Arabia and Africa. Similary it looks at the way... Read more Yemen by Peter Wald, Sebastian Wormell (Translator)

72. Studies In The Medieval History Of The Yemen And South Arabia (Collected Studies Studies in the Medieval history of the Yemenand South Arabia (Collected Studies, 574). http://hallasianhistory.com/middle_east/249.shtml

Studies in the Medieval History of the Yemen and South Arabia (Collected Studies, 574) Home History Books Middle East by G. Rex Smith See More Details Hardcover (June 1997) Variorum; ISBN: 0860786412 Table of Contents Introduction Acknowledgements I The political history of the Islamic Yemen down to the first Turkish invasion (1-945/622-1538) Yemen: 300 Years of Art and Civilisation in Arabia Felix, ed. W. Daum. Innsbruck-Frankfurt-am-Main: Pinguin Verlag-Umschau Verlag, II Yemenite history: problems and misconceptions Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 20. London, III Ibn al-Mujawir on Dhofar and Socotra Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 15. London, IV Ibn al-Mujawir's 7th/13th-century Arabia: the wondrous and the humorous A Miscellany of Middle Eastern Articles: In Memoriam Thomas Muir Johnstone 1924-83, ed. A. K. Irvine, R. B. Serjeant and G. Rex Smith. Harlow: Longman, V Ibn al-Mujawir's 7th/13th-century guide to Arabia: the eastern connection Occasional Papers of the School of Abbasid Studies University of St Andrews

73. History Of Parliaments In Yemen House of Representatives. hh. 1969 1971 1971 - 1975 1978 - 19881988 - 1990 1971 - 1978 1978 - 1986 1986 - 1990 90-93. 1993 - 1997. http://www.parliament.gov.ye/History.htm

House of Representatives hh Down Load Feel free to contact us for any comments or requests parliament.ye@y.net.ye

74. Yemen Travel: Yemen Travel Agency, Yemen Tour Season February to December. Destination yemen. Activity history Tours,Anthropology, Antiques. Duration 11 days. Price $1995 and above. 2. http://www.biztravel.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/Yemen.html

Home Categories Active Adventure Affinity Family Hobby ... Sports Destination Africa Asia Australia Caribbean ... South America Unique Stays Castle Hotel Eco Lodge Resorts Diving Yemen Travel Yemen: A Living Museum Season: February to December Destination: Yemen Activity: History Tours Anthropology Antiques Duration: 11 days Price: $1995 and above Oman: On the Frankincense Trail Season: February to November Destination: Oman Yemen Activity: Art History Desert Expeditions Cultural Expeditions Duration: 14 days Price: $4195 and above Socotra Island Season: January to December Destination: Yemen Activity: Archeology/History Art/Architecture Cultural Expeditions Duration: 12 days Price: $2650 and above From North to South in Yemen Season: January to December Destination: Yemen Activity: Archeology/History Desert Expeditions Camel Riding Duration: 14 days Price: $350 and above The Road of Arabia Discoveries Season: August to May Destination: Yemen Activity: Art/Architecture Cultural Expeditions Archeology/History Duration: 11 days Price: $895 and above THE UNTOUCHED RED SEA ROAD Season: November to September Destination: Yemen Activity: Scuba/Snorkeling Cruising Cultural Expeditions Duration: 11 days Price: $1860 and above ARABIAN SERIN Season: September to May Destination: Yemen Yemen Yemen Activity: History Tours Cultural Expeditions Hiking Duration: 8 days Price: $850 and above YEMEN LINNET Season: August to May Destination: Yemen Activity: Art/Architecture History Tours Anthropology Duration: 10 days Price: $1155 and above YEMEN THRUSH Season: September to May Destination: Yemen Activity: Cultural Expeditions Desert Expeditions Antiques Duration:

75. Palgrave Macmillan: Catalogue: Lightning Over Yemen Lightning Over yemen A history of the Ottoman Campaign in yemen, 156971Clive Smith, Clive Smith, Hardback September 2002 256 Pages, http://www.palgrave-usa.com/catalogue/index.asp?isbn=1860648363

76. Shibam Of Yemen Shibam of yemen the history's Pride and civilization's crown Near the EmptyQuarter Desert, and between the rocky folders of the mountains, Wadi (valley http://www.yemeninfo.gov.ye/ENGLISH/CULTURE/shibam.htm

Shibam of Yemen... the History's Pride and civilization's crown Near the Empty Quarter Desert, and between the rocky folders of the mountains, Wadi (valley) Hadramout extends by stretching its length internally through the surrounding series of mountains, so as to constitute a fabulously natural portrait; the fame of which is been fenced by these mountains; while its drawing lines were shaped by the artistic hands of ancient Yemenis. Along the whole length of the Wadi, and situated upon a cliffy plateau centering it, Shibam city rises up with vainglory of solidarity, and pride of self-sustaining in the area to represent the first sky-scrappers city in the world made of mud and clay. The clay-formed houses of Shibam city in Hadramout province rise high up the sky clouds by thirty to forty meters lengths, whilst its floors vary between five to sixteen. The ground floors of such houses vary in wall thickness between one and half and two meters. The higher floors are usually painted by thick layers of white alabster, while the windows were been made of engraved wooden structures artistically sculptured with gometrical designs properly fitted to allow the passing of air currents when being shut. Moreover, immediately beneath the roof tops of such houses, there are small windows with shutters that open and close by the residents with respective to the changes of the weather. This means that they remain open during every summer season of the year for outflow of warm air and modification of the rooms' weather conditions in each of these houses. While in winters, these windows remain shut in order to block inflow of hot air whilst the cool air inside all rooms remains unchanged!

77. OUP USA: Tribes, Government, And History In Yemen Add to My Basket 1994 In Stock S H Standard, Chosen as an Outstanding Academic Bookfor 19911992 by Choice Tribes, Government, and history in yemen PAUL DRESCH http://www.oup-usa.org/isbn/0198277903.html

Anthropology or Browse by Subject paper In Stock Standard Chosen as an Outstanding Academic Book for 1991-1992 by Choice Tribes, Government, and History in Yemen PAUL DRESCH, St. John's College, Oxford Paul Dresch here combines ethnography with history to describe the system of sedentary tribes in South Arabiaa strategically sensitive part of the worldover the past thousand years. He examines the values and traditions the tribal people bring to the contemporary world of nation-states, and discusses the relation of the major tribes to pre-modern Islamic learning, the Zaydi Imamate, ideas of contemporary statehood, and the area as a whole. Dresch's unique and provocative insights are of increasing value given the increased Western involvement with Yemen since 1989, the union of the two Yemens in 1990, and the country's first free election in 1993. "Comprehensive...I would recommend Dresch's work to any serious student of Yemen and Arabia as well as to a layman who considers a trip to the tribal areas discussed here." Middle Eastern Studies Association Bulletin "An absorbing account of the major phases of Yemeni history....An accessible, authoritative, and important contribution."

78. AzaalCity the well kept trade secrets and the highly advanced agriculture were the mainreasons why yemen was called Arabia Felix at this time of history. http://azaalcity.com/history.htm

English Information History Map Tourism Holidays ... Yemen Info. Links Government Business Personal Media Yemen Music Arabic Music Newspaper Live News ... Yemen In Pictures Service Chat Room Forums Free E-Mail Azaal Top 50 ... Sign My Guestbook Old Testament records (Chronicles II/9 and Kings 1/10) describe, how the "Queen of the South" (as she is referred to in other places) traveled from the land of the Sabeans along the "Gold and Incense Road" to meet King Salomon in Jerusalem. According to the story, she brought along with her "a very great retinue, with camels bearing spices and very much gold and precious stones". But it is not only the Old Testament that mentions the Sabean civilization. The Koran adds some interesting aspects in Surat Saba (No. 34), the Sura on Sheba. In Surat an-Naml (the ant; No. 27) the hoopoe bird brings back news of Sheba and reports to Solomon: "I come to thee from Sheba with sure tidings. Lo! I found a woman ruling over them and she has been given abundance of all things, and hers is a mighty throne". It shall be explained later, how the records of the Holy Books can be explained. The classical authors, though referring to a much later period, give a more detailed view into Arabia Felix. According to Hero-dotus (5th cent. BC): "Arabia is the only country which produces frankincense, myrrh, cassia and cinnamon ...... the trees bearing the frankincense are guarded by winged serpents of small size and various colors". Diodorus Siculus writes in the second half of the first century BC, that all of Arabia exhumes a most delicate fragrance; even the seamen passing by Arabia can smell the strong fragrance that gives health and vigor. He also mentioned gold mines so pure, that no smelting was necessary.

79. Yemen, Archaeology And History yemen, Archaeology and history. More archaeology and history of yemen The Kingdom of Himyar. Or Return to the Introduction and Index Page. http://home.uchicago.edu/~kalewis1/yhistory.htm

Yemen, Archaeology and History Here I have provided a general introduction to the archaeology and early history of Yemen, from the Neolithic through the Iron Age period. My discussion of the Himyarite kingdom has a separate page. Subheadings on this page: Previous Research Prehistory Desert Kingdoms and the Incense Trade Iron Age in the Highlands Previous Research The prehistory of Yemen has, until relatively recently, received very little scholarly attention. Until the 1980's, most research on Yemen's pre-modern past concentrated on epigraphic and architectural studies of the early historic kingdoms in Yemen's desert interior. Since then, an "explosion of fieldwork" has begun to address archaeological problems throughout Yemen (Edens and Wilkinson 1998: 56). The archaeological remains in highland Yemen began to emerge from obscurity during surveys by Italian archaeologists working in the Khawlan area southeast of Sana'a in the 1980's (Costantini 1986; de Maigret 1984, 1985, 1988; Fedele 1986). An ongoing reconnaissance survey conducted by a University of Chicago Oriental Institute team since 1994 has complemented the Italian work, focusing in the Dhamar region south of Sana'a (fig. 4)(Edens and Wilkinson 1998; Gibson and Wilkinson 1995; Wilkinson 1997; Wilkinson and Edens 1999; Wilkinson, et al. 1997). Figure 4. University of Chicago Oriental Institute Dhamar Survey Area. Provinces of Dhamar and Ibb, Yemen.

80. Tracetech Coffee Page: History history of Coffee. According to the most widespread and perhaps most credible- the goat shepherds in southern yemen were the first to notice the value of http://www.tracetech.net/coffee/history.htm

History of Coffee The original home of the coffee plant is Africa but it can be found on the Arabian Peninsula, too. There are lots of stories how the people found the refreshing value of the coffee beans. According to the most widespread - and perhaps most credible - the goat shepherds in southern Yemen were the first to notice the value of coffee beans. In all probability they were first eaten as such and the drink came only later. However the Arab traders came to know the plant and took it to Yemen where the cultivation of coffee started in the year 575 A.D. From Yemen the use of coffee beans spread throughout the Arabian peninsula and later via the Othman Empire to Turkey. Coffee was first used for its medicinal properties and as ritual drink. The modern coffee drink was invented in the end of 15th century, when the method of roasting and crushing the coffee beans before extracting the liquid with hot water got widespread acceptance. Before the year 1550 coffee was a common drink in the Near East. During their unsuccesful attempt to conquer Europe the Othman Turks introduced coffee and its cultural/culinaristic rituals. The first country to adopt coffee was Austria - the Viennese cafe trads are the richest still in Western countries. The first Viennese coffeehouse was founded by Franz Kulczycki in 1683.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 4     61-80 of 184    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | 7  | 8  | 9  | 10  | Next 20