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61. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Rene Descartes
Biography of the French mathematician, scientist, and philosopher outlines his contributions to the scientific revolution.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04744b.htm
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(Renatus Cartesius), philosopher and scientist, born at La Haye France, 31 March, 1596; died at Stockholm, Sweden, 11 February 1650. He studied at the Jesuit Galileo frightened Descartes who preferred to avoid all collision with ecclesiastical authority. He deferred the publication of this clever work without, however, losing hope of eventually bringing it out. In 1649, yielding to the entreaties of Queen Christina, he went to Sweden, and died at Stockholm of inflammation of the lungs. Aristotle God Cogito, ergo sum God exists God God The presence in us of this idea of God God enlightens us as to His existence. Whatever the manner of our questioning it gives us always from the depth of its fulness the one reply, Ego sum qui sum . Since then the veracity of God potentia These clear and distinct notions constitute of themselves the object of the understanding, and one may say that they are all involved in the idea of perfect being. Whether I understand, or pass judgment or reason, it is always that idea which I perceive and my understanding could have no other object, seeing that its sphere of action is always the infinite, the eternal and the necessary. To advance in knowledge is to progress in the knowledge of God Himself. (Rep. aux 2es obj.) But thought has another dominant form, viz. freedom. For Descartes this function of the mind is a fact "of which reason can never convince us", but one which "we experience in ourselves", and this fact is so evident" that it may be considered one of the most generally known ideas" (Rep. aux 3es obj.; Rep. aux 5es obj.- Princ., 1re partie). Not only is this freedom a primordial and undeniable datum of consciousness: it is, in a way, infinite like

62. Rene Descartes
Rene Descartes. Rene Descartes (lateinische Form Renatus Descartes war der Begründer und maßgeblichste Naturwiisenschaft eine Einheit; Descartes beschäftigte sich viel mit
http://www.chemie.uni-bremen.de/stohrer/biograph/descarte.htm
Rene Descartes
nach Stockholm. Rationalismus "Cogito ergo sum" - Ich denke also bin ich Rationalismus Francis Bacon Von der im "cogito ergo sum" denkende Substanz (res cogitans) und die Im Geiste des christlichen Neuplatonismus glaubte Descartes an "certa et determinata quantitas" ). So folgerte Descartes in den 'Principia Philosophiae' von 1644 aus der Vollkommenheit Gottes die Erhaltung der Bewegung m v m v , sondern eine "Kraft" Aus dem Erhaltungssatz suchte Descartes nun unter Zuhilfenahme weiterer Gesetze (z.B. des Christiaan Huygens Als seine wichtigste Entdeckung hat Descartes seine 'mathesis universalis' angesehen. Gemeint ist die von Francois Vieta (1540 - 1603) als 'algebra speciosa' Huygens

63. Rene Descartes (1596 - 1650)
René Descartes (1596 1650). From `A Short Account of the Historyof Mathematics' (4th edition, 1908) by WW Rouse Ball. We may
http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Descartes/RouseBall/RB_Descartes.htm
From `A Short Account of the History of Mathematics' (4th edition, 1908) by W. W. Rouse Ball. We may consider Descartes as the first of the modern school of mathematics. was born near Tours on March 31, 1596, and died at Stockholm on February 11, 1650; thus he was a contemporary of Galileo and Desargues. His father, who, as the name implies, was of good family, was accustomed to spend half the year at Rennes when the local parliament, in which he held a commission as councillor, was in session, and the rest of the time on his family estate of Les Cartes He resigned his commission in the spring of 1621, and spent the next five years in travel, during most of which time he continued to study pure mathematics. In 1626 we find him settled at Paris, ``a little well-built figure, modestly clad in green taffety, and only wearing sword and feather in token of his quality as a gentleman.'' During the first two years there he interested himself in general society, and spent his leisure in the construction of optical instruments; but these pursuits were merely the relaxations of one who failed to find in philosophy that theory of the universe which he was convinced finally awaited him. In 1628 Cardinal de Berulle, the founder of the Oratorians, met Descartes, and was so much impressed by his conversation that he urged on him the duty of devoting his life to the examination of truth. Descartes agreed, and the better to secure himself from interruption moved to Holland, then at the height of his power. There for twenty years he lived, giving up all his time to philosophy and mathematics. Science, he says, may be compared to a tree; metaphysics is the root, physics is the trunk, and the three chief branches are mechanics, medicine, and morals, these forming the three applications of our knowledge, namely, to the external world, to the human body, and to the conduct of life.

64. Descartes
Indepth biographical profile of the great thinker takes a look at his contributions to mathematics, above all else. Includes related links. René Descartes. Born 31 March 1596 in La Haye (now Descartes) Touraine, France René Descartes was a philosopher whose work, La géométrie,
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Descartes.html
Born: 31 March 1596 in La Haye (now Descartes),Touraine, France
Died: 11 Feb 1650 in Stockholm, Sweden Click the picture above
to see nine larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
was a philosopher whose work, , includes his application of algebra to geometry from which we now have Cartesian geometry. Clavius . While in the school his health was poor and he was granted permission to remain in bed until 11 o'clock in the morning, a custom he maintained until the year of his death. School had made Descartes understand how little he knew, the only subject which was satisfactory in his eyes was mathematics. This idea became the foundation for his way of thinking, and was to form the basis for all his works. Descartes spent a while in Paris, apparently keeping very much to himself, then he studied at the University of Poitiers. He received a law degree from Poitiers in 1616 then enlisted in the military school at Breda. In 1618 he started studying mathematics and mechanics under the Dutch scientist Isaac Beeckman, and began to seek a unified science of nature. After two years in Holland he travelled through Europe. Then in 1619 he joined the Bavarian army. From 1620 to 1628 Descartes travelled through Europe, spending time in Bohemia (1620), Hungary (1621), Germany, Holland and France (1622-23). He spent time in 1623 in Paris where he made contact with

65. Descartes, René (1596-1650) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biogra
Descartes, René (15961650), French scientific philosopher who developeda theory known as the mechanical philosophy. This philosophy
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Descartes.html

Branch of Science Philosophers Nationality French
French scientific philosopher who developed a theory known as the mechanical philosophy. This philosophy was highly influential until superseded by Newton's methodology, and maintained, for example, that the universe was a plenum in which no vacuum could exist. Descartes believed that matter had no inherent qualities, but was simply the "brute stuff" which occupied space. He divided reality into the res cognitas (consciousness, mind) and res extensa (matter, extension). In (1664) and (1649), he expounded the view that an animal was an automaton lacking both sensation and self-awareness, and that only man was endowed with a soul. Descartes also generalized Harvey's mechanical interpretation of circulation, believing that the heart is an automatic mechanical pump. Descartes also believed that colors were caused by the rotation of "spheres" of light, using the tennis ball as a model of a spinning sphere. Unlike Newton , Descartes believed that white light was the pristine form. Descartes gave the first formulation of what is now known as Snell's law of refraction Descartes believed that God created the universe as a perfect clockwork mechanism of vortical motion that functioned deterministically thereafter without intervention.

66. fJg Descartes, Rene 1596`1650
The summary for this Japanese page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set.
http://web.sc.itc.keio.ac.jp/~funatoka/pavlov/Descartes.html
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67. µ¥Ä«¸£Æ® Descartes, Rene 1596~1650
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µ¥Ä«¸£Æ® Descartes, Rene 1596~1650 ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ¶ÇÐÀÚ, ¼öÇÐÀÚ, ¹°¸®ÇÐÀÚ, »ý¸®ÇÐÀÚ, ¶óÆ¾ ÀÌ¸§Àº ·¹³ªÅõ½º Ä«¸£Å×½¿ì½º (Renatus Cartesius)ÀÌ¸ç, '±Ù´ë ¶ÇÐÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö'¶ó ºÒ¸®¿ì¸ç, ÇÕ¸®ÁÖÀÇ ¶ÇÐ¿¡ ±æÀ» ¿¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÇØ¼®±âÇÏÇÐÀÇ ¢½ÀÚ, Åõ·» Áö¹æÀÇ ±ÍÁ· â½Å. ½ºÄÝ¶óÇÐÀÇ ±³À°À» ¹Þ°í ±º´ë ±Ù¹«¸¦ ÇÑ ÈÄ, ´ç½ À¯·´ ÖÊÀÇ ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ±¹°¡ÀÎ ³×´ú¶õµå¿¡ ¸Ó¹°·¯, ÀÚ¿¬°úÇÐ°ú ¶ÇÐÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àú¼úÀ» ½ÀÛÇß´Ù. [½Å°ú ¼¼°èÀÇ Á¸Àç] µ¥Ä«¸£Æ®´Â ½ÅÀÇ Á¸Àç³ª ¼¼°èÀÇ Á¸Àç´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ Á¤½Å ¼ÓÀÇ ¼ø¼ö »çÀ¯¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼¸¸ Áõ¸íµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ Á¸Àç Áõ¸íÀº ÀÎ°£ÀÌ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ½ÅÀÇ °ü³äÀ» ½Ç¸¶¸®·Î ÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ±×´Â ½ÅÀÇ ÀÎ¼º·ÐÀû(ìÑàõÖåîÜ) Áõ¸íÀÇ ½µµ¿¡¼ ¸ðµç °ü³äÀ» ¼¼°¡Áö·Î ºÐ·ùÇÑ´Ù. ¿ì¸® ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© °¨°¢À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ¾ò¾îÁö´Â '¿Ü·¡°ü³ä'(idea adventitiae)°ú, ¿ì¸® ½º½º·Î°¡ ²Ù¸ç¼ ¸¸µé¾î ³»´Â 'ÀÎÀ§°ü³ä'(Factitious idea), ¿ì¸®°¡ º»·¡ºÎÅÍ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â 'º»À¯°ü³ä'(idea innate)µîÀÌ ±×°ÍÀÌ´Ù. º»À¯°ü³äÀÌ¶õ °¨°¢ÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¸¶À½¿¡ ¸í¼®ÇÏ°íµµ ÆÇ¸íÇÏ°Ô ¶°¿À¸£´Â °ü³äÀÌ´Ù. ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ º»À¯°ü³äÀÌ ½ÅÀÇ °ü³äÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ÅÂ¾î³ª¸é¼ºÎÅÍ ½ÅÀÇ °ü³äÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ °ü³äÀ» ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ³Ö¾îÁØ ½ÅÀÇ Á¸Àç¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×¸®°í °´°üÀû ¼¼°èÀÇ Á¸Àç, Áï ¿Ü°è ¹°¼ÀÇ Á¸Àç´Â ÀÌ '½ÅÀÇ ¼º½Ç¼º'(veracitas dei)À» ¸Å°³·Î ÇÏ¿© Áõ¸íµÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ µ¥Ä«¸£Æ®ÀÇ »ý°¢ÀÌ´Ù. [½Ç¼°ü-¹°½ÉÀÌ¿ø·Ð(Úªãýì£êªÖå)] µ¥Ä«¸£Æ®´Â ½ÅÀÇ °ü³ä¿¡¼ ½Ç¼¿¡ °üÇÑ »ç»óÀ» Àü°³½Ä×´Ù. ±×´Â Áß¼¼¿¡ ¼º¸³ÇÑ ½Å, ÀÎ°£, ¼¼°è¶ó´Â °³³äÀ» ½Å, Á¤½Å, ¹°¼¶ó´Â °³³äÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾î ÀÌ°ÍµéÀ» ½Ç¼(ãùô÷, substantia)¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

68. Rene Descartes (1596 - 1650)
René Descartes (1596 1650). From `A Short Account of the Historyof Mathematics' (4th edition, 1908) by WW Rouse Ball. Apple Back.
http://home.att.net/~newtuniv/descartes.html
From `A Short Account of the History of Mathematics' (4th edition, 1908) by W. W. Rouse Ball.
Back
We may consider Descartes as the first of the modern school of mathematics. was born near Tours on March 31, 1596, and died at Stockholm on February 11, 1650; thus he was a contemporary of Galileo and Desargues. His father, who, as the name implies, was of good family, was accustomed to spend half the year at Rennes when the local parliament, in which he held a commission as councillor, was in session, and the rest of the time on his family estate of Les Cartes He resigned his commission in the spring of 1621, and spent the next five years in travel, during most of which time he continued to study pure mathematics. In 1626 we find him settled at Paris, ``a little well-built figure, modestly clad in green taffety, and only wearing sword and feather in token of his quality as a gentleman.'' During the first two years there he interested himself in general society, and spent his leisure in the construction of optical instruments; but these pursuits were merely the relaxations of one who failed to find in philosophy that theory of the universe which he was convinced finally awaited him. In 1628 Cardinal de Berulle, the founder of the Oratorians, met Descartes, and was so much impressed by his conversation that he urged on him the duty of devoting his life to the examination of truth. Descartes agreed, and the better to secure himself from interruption moved to Holland, then at the height of his power. There for twenty years he lived, giving up all his time to philosophy and mathematics. Science, he says, may be compared to a tree; metaphysics is the root, physics is the trunk, and the three chief branches are mechanics, medicine, and morals, these forming the three applications of our knowledge, namely, to the external world, to the human body, and to the conduct of life.

69. Rene Des-Cartes (1596 - 1650) - Determining Rosicrucian Affiliation
Determining Rosicrucian Affiliation René DesCartes (1596 - 1650). Quite frequentlytoday, individuals such as Isaac Newton or Rene Descartes are looked upon
http://www.crcsite.org/affiliation.htm
Rosicrucian Library
Contemporary Writings w Benedict Spinoza - Philosopher, Mystic, Rosicrucian
w Determining Rosicrucian Affiliation René Des-Cartes (1596 - 1650)
w
w Perspective: The Importance of Versatility
w Simon Studion, 1543-1605 ( ? )
w The R+C Legacy: Dr.John Dee
w The Tomb of CRC Printer version Determining Rosicrucian Affiliation
René Des-Cartes (1596 - 1650) From the book "Awakened Attitude" by Gary L Stewart.
For more information on the book see the publisher
In identifying certain historical persons involved with Rosicrucianism we need to keep in mind that because of various religious and political persecutions of centuries past, Rosicrucians, for obvious reasons, were sworn to secrecy regarding their membership. Even known Rosicrucian apologists such as Robert Fludd and Michael Maier never publicly verified their Rosicrucian affiliation. And yet, we know that a number of historical figures were Rosicrucian, and if one looks closely there are various references suggesting Rosicrucian affiliation that are often overlooked by historians as being insignificant. For example, the Royal Society of today is derived from the efforts of a group of known Rosicrucians: Theodore Haak, John Pell, and Samuel Hartlib, to name but a few. The group was first known as the "Invisible College," later as the "Rosicrucian College," and finally as the "Royal Society" a name conferred by King Charles II in 1662.

70. Rene Descartes Links
descarte.htm. Rene Descartes (1596 1650) at http//www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Descartes/RouseBall/RB_Descartes.html.René
http://elvers.stjoe.udayton.edu/history/people/Descartes.html
Rene Descartes
Image Source: http://www.ambafrance.org/HYPERLAB/PEOPLE/_descart.html
Some Rene Descartes Links
You may need to search for the person using your browser's find function René Descartes at http://www.ambafrance.org/HYPERLAB/PEOPLE/_descart.html http://quarles.unbc.edu/ideas/net/history/descartes.html Rene Descartes at http://acnet.pratt.edu/~arch543p/help/Descartes.html Error at http://tesuque.cs.sandia.gov/~bbooth/docs/philosophers/Descartes.html at http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Philosophy/Descartes.htm Philosophers : Rene Descartes at http://www.trincoll.edu/~phil/philo/phils/descartes.html Error at http://www.uni-leipzig.de/~logik/wiedemann/philos/descart.htm Descartes at http://www.connect.net/ron/descartes.html Philosophers : Rene Descartes at http://www.philosophy.ohio-state.edu/descartes.html http://gopher.elib.com:8070/0/Library/Author/DescartesR/reason.txt at http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/descarte.htm Philosophers : Rene Descartes at http://www.cohums.ohio-state.edu/philo/descartes.html Rene Descartes at http://www.wsu.edu:8000/~dee/ENLIGHT/DESCARTE.HTM

71. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA Rene Descartes
René Descartes. Descartes' work is important rather because of its qualitythan of its quantity. Let us see first of all wherein his method is new.
http://www.knight.org/advent/cathen/04744b.htm

72. Descartes
Descartes, René (15961650). Special thanks to the Microsoft Corporationfor their contribution to my site. The following information
http://www.connect.net/ron/descartes.html
Descartes, René (1596-1650) Special thanks to the Microsoft Corporation for their contribution to my site. The following information came from Microsoft Encarta. Here is a hyperlink to the Microsoft Encarta home page: http://www.encarta.msn.com I INTRODUCTION (1596-1650), French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, sometimes called the father of modern philosophy.
see
It was probably during the first years of his residence in the Netherlands that Descartes wrote his first major work, Essais philosophiques (Philosophical Essays), published in 1637. The work contained four parts: an essay on geometry, another on optics, a third on meteors, and (Discourse on Method), which described his philosophical speculations. This was followed by other philosophical works, among them Meditationes de Prima Philosophia (Meditations on First Philosophy, 1641; revised 1642) and Principia Philosophiae (The Principles of Philosophy, 1644). The latter volume was dedicated to Princess Elizabeth Stuart of Bohemia, who lived in the Netherlands and with whom Descartes had formed a deep friendship. In 1649 Descartes was invited to the court of Queen Christina of Sweden in Stockholm to give the queen instruction in philosophy. The rigors of the northern winter brought on the pneumonia that caused his death in 1650. II PHILOSOPHY
Descartes attempted to apply the rational inductive methods of science, and particularly of mathematics, to philosophy. Before his time, philosophy had been dominated by the method of Scholasticism, which was entirely based on comparing and contrasting the views of recognized authorities. Rejecting this method, Descartes stated, "In our search for the direct road to truth, we should busy ourselves with no object about which we cannot attain a certitude equal to that of the demonstration of arithmetic and geometry." He therefore determined to hold nothing true until he had established grounds for believing it true. The single sure fact from which his investigations began was expressed by him in the famous words

73. Mid-Hudson Library System /ALL
Mark No matches found; nearby AUTHORS are Year Entries Cartes Renate Des 1596 1650 see Descartes Rene 1596 1650 1 Cartesio 1596 1650 see Descartes
http://gigcat.midhudson.org:90/kids/1899,1901/search/a?Carthusians

74. Descartes, Rene. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language: Fou
Fourth Edition. 2000. Descartes, René. SYLLABICATION Des·cartes.PRONUNCIATION d kärt. DATES 15961650. French mathematician
http://www.bartleby.com/61/59/D0155900.html
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75. Descartes, Rene. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
Renatus Cartesius, 15961650, French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist,b. La Haye. Descartes methodology was a major influence in the transition
http://www.bartleby.com/65/de/Descarte.html
Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia See also: Descartes Collection PREVIOUS NEXT CONTENTS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. (r n KEY ) , Lat.

76. Rene Descartes At Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base
René Descartes Biography. Biography by Peter Landry at blupete.com. Descartes' TextsOnline. Meditations on First Philosophy (searchable html at Great Voyages).
http://www.erraticimpact.com/~modern/html/modern_rene_descartes.htm

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Francis Bacon ...
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Rene Descartes
Galileo Galilei
Thomas Hobbes
David Hume
Immanuel Kant ... Rationalists Five Basic Works on Rationalism by Rene Descartes Descartes : An Intellectual Biography by Stephen Gaukroger Descartes : His Life and Thought by Genevieve Rodis-Lewis, Jane Marie Todd (Translator)
Rene Descartes
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René Descartes: Biography
Biography by Peter Landry at blupete.com. Excerpt: Descartes was a product of the church and his philosophy reflected the times in which he lived. Descartes was a dualist , viz., a man was of two natures, a spiritual nature and a temporal nature. Now whether this was a belief held deeply, might be a matter of some question, what is clear is that he would have professed his beliefs, such, that, they were in keeping with the doctrine of the time, as promulgated by the all powerful church. As a dualist, Descartes, would have accepted that there exists

77. Island Of Freedom - René Descartes
Biography and selected links.Category Society Philosophy Descartes, René Biographies......René Descartes. 15961650.
http://www.island-of-freedom.com/DESCARTE.HTM
René Descartes
René Descartes (1596-1650)
René Descartes
Discourse on Method
Meditations on First Philosophy
It was probably during the first years of his residence in the Netherlands that Descartes wrote his first major work, Essais philosophiques Philosophical Essays ), published in 1637. The work contained four parts: an essay on geometry, another on optics, a third on meteors, and Discours de la méthode Discourse on Method ), which described his philosophical speculations. This was followed by other philosophical works, among them Meditationes de Prima Philosophia Meditations on First Philosophy , 1641; revised 1642) and Principia Philosophiae The Principles of Philosophy , 1644). The latter volume was dedicated to Princess Elizabeth Stuart of Bohemia, who lived in the Netherlands and with whom Descartes had formed a deep friendship. In 1649 Descartes was invited to the court of Queen Christina of Sweden in Stockholm to give the queen instruction in philosophy; in this year he also published the work called The Passions of the Soul . The next year, however, the rigors of the northern winter brought on the pneumonia that caused his death on February 11, 1650.

78. Great Books Index - Descartes
An index to online editions of some of Descartes' works.Category Society Philosophy Philosophers Descartes, René Works......GREAT BOOKS INDEX. Rene Descartes (15961650). AnIndex to Online Great Books in English Translation.
http://books.mirror.org/gb.descartes.html
GREAT BOOKS INDEX
Rene Descartes (15961650)
An Index to Online Great Books in English Translation AUTHORS/HOME TITLES GB CAFE ABOUT GB INDEX ... BOOK LINKS Writings of Descartes Direction of the Mind Discourse on Method Meditations on First Philosophy Articles Rules for the Direction of the Mind
[Back to Top of Page] Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting One's Reason and Of Seeking Truth in the Sciences
HTML edition (Online Literature Library)
HTML edition (Adelaide)
HTML edition in one document (IEP, 140KB)
Translated by Elizabeth Haldane.
Text edition in one file (ftp, Wiretap)
Text edition in one file (ftp, Gutenberg at Illinois, 140KB)
Discours de la methode (ABU)
French HTML edition.
[Back to Top of Page] Meditations on First Philosophy
HTML pages
HTML edition in one document (IEP, 180KB) Translated by Elizabeth Haldane.
Les meditations (ABU) French text in an HTML edition.
[Back to Top of Page] Links to Information About Descartes
Biography of Descartes (History of Math Archive) Includes several book references.
Bjorn's Guide to Philosophy Descartes (Bjorn's Guide)
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79. René Descartes. The 17th Century French Philosopher And Mathematician. A Brief
Brief outline of Descartes' life and achievements, with some interesting sidenotes.Category Society Philosophy Descartes, René Biographies......15961650, Who is Descartes? René Descartes (pronounced deikat ) was a 17th centuryFrench philosopher, mathematician and a man of science. Why the big deal?
http://members.tripod.com/s_kichu/descartes.html

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Who is Descartes?
Why the big deal?
He could be quite justifiably called the Father of Modern Philosophy.
Descartes is regarded as the bridge between scholasticism and other schools of philosophy that followed.
He provided a link to physics and philosophy.
It was he who developed the'X','Y' and 'Z' coordinates to locate a point in 2 or 3 dimentions.
We also owe the analytical geometry to him (Quite naturally, dont we know that!)
Thanks to him you are able to use algebra and calculus to solve geometrical problems.
In addition to the convention of exponent notation, his other contribution to Algebra is the treatment of Nagative Roots.
Tell us something about his philosophy.
He asserted that thinking is the sole aim, meaning and purpose of living!
This (in my opinion) is opposed to "Hedonism" which believes in pleasure as the sole aim of humankind.
His theory in a nutshell is 'cogito ergo sum' meaning,'I think, therefore I am'
He developed a dualistic theory of mind (conscious experience) and matter.
His approach was of fundamental importance in the developement of modern philosophy ,especially

80. Trovati 3 Documenti ((([BIBAA]= ADAM, Charles)))
Charles ; MILHAU, Gerard ; Correspondance. Descartes, Rene du
http://www.cis.unibo.it/cgi-win/hiweb.exe/a11/t?BIBAA= ADAM, Charles

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