21. THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 13, Ch. 158, Systemic Fungal Diseases aspergillosis. Extrapulmonary disseminated aspergillosis may involvethe liver, kidneys, brain, or other tissues and is usually fatal. http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section13/chapter158/158i.htm

Systemic Mycoses) This Publication Is Searchable The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Section 13. Infectious Diseases Chapter 158. Systemic Fungal Diseases (Systemic Mycoses) Topics [General] Histoplasmosis Coccidioidomycosis Blastomycosis ... Other Fungal Opportunists Aspergillosis Opportunistic infections caused by Aspergillus sp and inhaled as mold conidia, leading to hyphal growth and invasion of blood vessels, hemorrhagic necrosis, infarction, and potential dissemination to other sites in susceptible patients. Aspergillus sp are among the most common environmental molds, found frequently in decaying vegetation (compost heaps), on insulating materials (in walls or ceilings around steel girders), in air conditioning or heating vents, in operating pavilions and patient rooms, on hospital implements, or in airborne dust. Invasive infections are usually acquired in susceptible patients by inhalation of conidia or, occasionally, by direct invasion at sites of damaged skin. Major risk factors include neutropenia, long-term high-dose corticosteroid therapy, organ transplantation (especially bone marrow transplantation), hereditary disorders of neutrophil function, such as chronic granulomatous disease, or, occasionally, AIDS. Symptoms and Signs Noninvasive or, rarely, minimally locally invasive colonization of preexisting cavitary pulmonary lesions also may occur in the form of fungus ball (aspergilloma) formation or chronic progressive aspergillosis. Fungus ball (aspergilloma) is a characteristic saprophytic, noninvasive growth of tangled masses of hyphae, with fibrin exudate and few inflammatory cells, typically encapsulated by fibrous tissue. Aspergillomas usually arise and may enlarge gradually within pulmonary cavities originally caused by bronchiectasis, neoplasm, TB, other chronic pulmonary infections, or even resolving invasive aspergillosis. Rarely, chronic necrotizing invasive pulmonary lesions occur, usually in association with corticosteroid therapy.

22. Aspergillosis Aspergillus The genus Aspergillus includesa variety of related fungi which cause aspergillosis....... aspergillosis. http://www.avianbiotech.com/diseases/Aspergillosis.htm

Search: search tips sitemap Let us help you buy, sell or trade your next bird. or LOGON Here Are You in the Dark about candling? "Buddy" The worlds first digital egg monitor now available at Avian Biotech. -Select- Avian Disease Center Aspergillosis Avian Influenzavirus Avian Tuberculosis Candida Chlamydia Clostridium Cryptosporidium Escherichia (E. coli) Giardia Newcastle Disease Pacheco's PBFD Polyoma Disease Salmonella West Nile Virus Aspergillosis Description: Aspergillus - The genus Aspergillus includes a variety of related fungi which cause aspergillosis. An important member of this genera is Aspergillus fumigatus. This fungus produces endotoxins which are generally responsible for the disease known as aspergillosis. Aspergillus species are common in the environment. Spores often become airborne in dry windy weather spreading from one location to another. Spores can enter an individual and develop in the respiratory system, lungs, eyes, and ears.

23. Aspergillosis And Jardines aspergillosis JARDINE'S PARROTS. by. Virginia Caputo. Credit alsogoes to aspergillosis AND TREATMENT. Between September 1999 and http://www.maxwellcaputo.com/parrot/asper.htm

by Virginia Caputo Credit also goes to Wendy Taylor, Carol Palmore, Dianne Heins, and other members of the Jardine's Parrot list for assistance in research, editing, and suggestions for the list of links. Appreciation and thanks are given to Dr. Rose Anne Fiskett of the Potomac Valley Veterinary Hospital for taking the time to answer questions about aspergillosis. Thirteen Jardine's parrots belonging to members of the Jardine's mailing list have died in the last 3 years due to aspergillosis. Two Jardine's survived the illness. Three Jardine's which were not suffering from aspergillosis died of other causes. The number of people belonging to the Jardine's mailing list is currently 142 but has ranged as high as 165. Jardine's that died from aspergillosis belonged to 10 of them. 6-7% of the Jardine's listmembers have lost a Jardine's parrot due to aspergillosis. 7-8% have had a Jardine's that suffered from aspergillosis. The numbers seem surprisingly high. They are high enough to have alarmed listmembers who own Jardine's parrots and to have caused considerable speculation on the list as to whether Jardine's parrots are more susceptible to aspergillosis than other species of parrots. This article and a survey which is still in the planning stages are the result of that speculation. This is written with the goal of informing all who live with Jardine's about aspergillosis: its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and methods of prevention, especially prevention.

24. Aspergillosis aspergillosis Aspergillus. Page, Fungus Index. http://www.fpnotebook.com/LUN69.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice Paid Advertisement (click above). Please see the privacy statement Pulmonology Fungus Infectious Disease Aspergillosis Blastomycosis Coccidioidomycosis Histoplasmosis Aspergillosis Aspergillus Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dental Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Pulmonology Index Airway Alveoli Apnea Asthma Bacteria Bronchi Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Cardiovascular Medicine Emergency Medicine Examination Failure Fungus Gastroenterology Hematology and Oncology Infectious Disease ILD Laboratory General Obstetrics Pediatrics Pharmacology Pleura Prevention Procedures Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Symptom Evaluation Tb Page Fungus Index ID Pneumonia Aspergillosis ID Pneumonia Blastomycosis ID Pneumonia Coccidiomycosis ID Pneumonia Histoplasmosis Pathophysiology Pulmonary or systemic infection of Aspergillus fungi Occurs in debilitated or immunocompromised patients Predisposing factors Chronic illness Long term use of antibiotics or Corticosteroid s Irradiation Symptoms Pulmonary Dyspnea Cough Hemoptysis Systemic Skin eruption Arthralgias Mental status change Signs Pulmonary Fever Purulent Sputum Systemic or Disseminated Infection Skin eruption Infection of ears, eyes, sinuses

25. Aspergillosis aspergillosis. by Dr. David Phalen A few brief comments on aspergillus.This is a disease that is most likely to occur in birds that http://www.plannedparrothood.com/articles/aspergillosis.html

ASPERGILLOSIS by Dr. David Phalen A few brief comments on aspergillus. This is a disease that is most likely to occur in birds that are from environments where aspergillosis does not grow well (cool and dry or hot and dry environments). For some reason these birds have a poor ability to fight off this organism. Examples of these birds include sea ducks, ostriches, and penguins. The other predisposing factor is the density of spores. In buildings that are poorly ventillated spore density will increase. Less commonly we see individual animals come down with asper, even though they would not be considered at risk birds. Successful treatment for asper depends on many factors. The location of the infection (nasal passages, trachea, airsacs, lungs), the extent of the disease by the time that it is recognized, and the immune status of the bird that has the infection all are critical factors. Asper grows like mold on bread inside the bird forming colonies on the respiratory surfaces. This elicits a response from the host that causes purulent material to build up around the colonies. The fungus is invasive and in advanced infections will invade into tissues and eventually into a blood vessel. Once a blood vessel is invaded the organism will spread to other organs and block blood vessels. The tissues whose vessels are blocked die. At this point treatment is not likely to be successful. Treatment is also complicated by the fact that asper grows on the surface of airsacs where the blood supply is poor and lots of caseous material builds up in these areas. Therefore, it is difficult to get drugs directly to these locations.

26. ASPERGILLOSIS Information from the Center for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/pneumonia/1_asper.htm

Back to: Contents Page Aspergillosis Part I. Issues on Prevention of Nosocmial Pneumonia, 1994 I. Epidemiology Aspergillus spp. are ubiquitous fungi, commonly occurring in soil, water, and decaying vegetation. Aspergillus spp. have been cultured from unfiltered air, ventilation systems, contaminated dust dislodged during hospital renovation and construction, horizontal surfaces, food, and ornamental plants.(467) A. fumigatus and A. flavus are the most frequently isolated Aspergillus spp. in patients with proven aspergillosis.(468) Nosocomial aspergillosis has been recognized increasingly as a cause of severe illness and mortality in highly immunocompromised patients, e.g., patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or organ transplantation, including bone-marrow transplantation for hematologic and other malignant neoplasms.(469-473) The most important nosocomial infection due to Aspergillus spp. is pneumonia.(474,495) Hospital outbreaks of pulmonary aspergillosis have occurred mainly in granulocytopenic patients, especially in bone-marrow transplant units.(474-480) Although invasive aspergillosis has been reported in recipients of solid-organ transplants (e.g., heart or kidney),(481-485) the incidence of Aspergillus spp. infections in these patients has been lower than in recipients of bone-marrow transplants, probably because granulocytopenia is less severe in solid-organ transplant recipients and the use of corticosteroids has decreased with the introduction of cyclosporine.(483,486) In solid-organ transplant recipients, the efficacy of infection control measures, such as provision of protected environments and prophylaxis with antifungal agents, in preventing aspergillosis has not been well evaluated.(483,484,486,489) In one study of heart-transplant recipients, protective isolation of patients alone failed to prevent fungal infections.(490)

27. HealthlinkUSA Aspergillosis Links Wednesday February 5, 2003. The healthy way to search today's best sites.Links to websites which may include treatment, cures, diagnosis http://www.healthlinkusa.com/462ent.htm

28. EMedicine - Aspergillosis : Article By Alexa Boer Kimball, MD, MPH aspergillosis Cutaneous aspergillosis is most commonly a dermatologic manifestationof disseminated infection with the fungus Aspergillus, although isolated http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic770.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Dermatology Fungal Infections Aspergillosis Last Updated: November 12, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: cutaneous aspergillosis, fungal infection, Aspergillus fumigatus, A fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, A flavus, Aspergillus niger, A niger, Aspergillus fustus, A fustus AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Alexa Boer Kimball, MD, MPH , Director of Clinical Trials, Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine Coauthor(s): Annie Chiu, BS , Consulting Staff, Stanford University Alexa Boer Kimball, MD, MPH, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology , and Society for Investigative Dermatology Editor(s): Peter Fritsch, MD , Chair, Professor, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Austria; David F Butler, MD

29. EMedicine - Aspergillosis : Article By Vandana Batra, MD aspergillosis Ubiquitous saprophytic molds, Aspergillus species arecommon on decaying material throughout the world. aspergillosis. http://www.emedicine.com/PED/topic148.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Infectious Diseases Aspergillosis Last Updated: May 30, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: Aspergillus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, ABPA, aspergilloma, invasive aspergillosis, IA, noninvasive aspergillosis AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Vandana Batra, MD , Staff Physician, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan Coauthor(s): Basim Asmar, MD , Director, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Michigan; Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Jocelyn Y Ang, MD , Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Michigan and Wayne State University Vandana Batra, MD, is a member of the following medical societies:

30. Aspergillosis aspergillosis up. Related topics broader, Mycoses. other, Dermatomycoses.Aspergillus web site, This site provides clinical and research http://bioresearch.ac.uk/browse/mesh/detail/C0004030L0004030.html

Aspergillosis [up] Related topics: broader Mycoses other Dermatomycoses Aspergillus web site This site provides clinical and research information about pathogenic Aspergilli . The site is aimed at the scientific and medical community but lay people are welcome to use the facilities. The site provides treatment information, laboratory protocols, clinical and laboratory discussion groups, conference information, a research directory, DNA sequence data and a comprehensive bibliographic database. Free registration is required. Published on the Web by Manchester University. Aspergillosis Aspergillus Last modified 28/Mar/2003 [Low Graphics]

31. Aspergillosis And HIV Clinical Presentation Pulmonary aspergillosis Syndromes. Aspergillus species AllergicBronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Allergic bronchopulmonary http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite.jsp?doc=kb-05-02-02

32. Aspergillosis aspergillosis. http://www.michiganloons.org/aspergillosis.htm

Aspergillosis Aspergillosis

33. CCHS Clinical Digital Library aspergillosis Clinical Resources. Miscellaneous aspergillosis Clinical ResourcesHealth Reviews for Primary Care Providers on the Internet Homepage http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/infectious/byorganism/fungal/aspergillosis.h

Clinical Resources by Topic: Infectious Diseases Aspergillosis Clinical Resources Pediatrics Radiology Pathology Clinical Guidelines ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: General Infectious Diseases Resources Aspergillosis Patient/Family Resources Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 15th Ed.-2001: Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 200: Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections: Table of contents Mycology Fundamentals: Access document Diagnosis: Access document Antifungal Therapy: Access document Topical Agents: Access document Systemic Antifungals: Access document Chapter 206: Aspergillosis: Table of contents Etiologic Agents: Access document Pathogenesis and Pathology: Access document Clinical Manifestations: Access document Diagnosis: Access document Treatment: Access document Mandell: Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 5th Ed.-2000 (MD Consult): Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 15 - Principles of Anti-Infective Therapy Access document Choice of the Proper Antimicrobial Agent Access document Antimicrobial Combinations Access document Choice of Appropriate Route of Administration of Antimicrobial Agents and Evaluation of Efficacy Access document Conclusion Access document Chapter 35 - Antifungal Agents Access document Treatment of Deep Mycosis Access document Chapter 246 - Introduction to Mycoses Access document M ycology Access document Epidemiology Access document Chapter 248 - Aspergillus Species: Access document Ecology and Epidemiology: Access document Pathogenesis and Pathology:

34. Aspergillosis aspergillosis is the most common form of deep mycoses and is causedby the spores of Aspergillus Fumagalus. It is primarily a disease http://www.tuxford.dabsol.co.uk/masterbreeder/chap9/chap9asperg7.htm

"Aspergillosos" Mycotic diseases are divided into two classifications: Mycoses These are the results from fungal growth within the host tissues and is either superficial or deep. Superficial mycoses refers to fungal growth within the skin, while in deep Mycoses fungal elements invade deeper body tissues or are systemic. Mycotoxicoses, which occur when toxic fungal metabolites gain entry into the host. Aspergillosis is the most common form of deep mycoses and is caused by the spores of Aspergillus Fumagalus. It is primarily a disease of the lower respiratory tract and can occur as either an acute or chronic disease. In its acute form, it is a fatal respiratory disease. Its most common form is chronic. Although the lungs and air sacs are the primary affected organs, the trachea, syrinx and bronchi are frequently involved. Aspergillus grow readily in decaying organic matter, damp feed, dusty or deteriorating feed, on utensils or wherever damp conditions and poor ventilation exist. In fact, our birds are constantly exposed to Aspergillus spores in their aviary environment and yet they do not usually present a disease problem. However, under certain conditions, these fungal agents can become pathogenic. For example, in aviaries where there is low humidity, excessive dust interferes with normal mucociliary activity of ciliated epitheliums, which predisposes a bird to respiratory mycoses. In this case, inhalation of an overwhelming number of spores results in acute Aspergillosis.

35. ASPERGILLOSIS aspergillosis A fungal (Aspergillus) infection in the tissues markedby inflammatory granulomatous lesions. This infection may http://www.medhelp.org/glossary2/new/GLS_0555.HTM

ASPERGILLOSIS - A fungal (Aspergillus) infection in the tissues marked by inflammatory granulomatous lesions . This infection may affect the lungs, ear canal, skin, or the mucous membranes of the eye, nose, or urethra . May cause pulmonary aspergillosis in individuals with asthma . More common in the immunocompromised individual ( AIDS ). Symptoms of disseminated disease include cough, hemoptysis , weight loss, wheezing fever , chills, hematuria , and decreased urine output. Treatment is with amphotericin B. Not transmissible from human to animals or animals to human. Med Help Home Search Ask the Doctor Patient Network The medical glossary has been made possible by a generous donation from:

36. Aspergillosis Articles, Support Groups, And Resources aspergillosis articles, support groups, and resources for patients from MedHelp International (www.medhelp.org). Health aspergillosis. Medical http://www.medhelp.org/HealthTopics/Aspergillosis.html

[Health Topics A-Z] A B C D ... Z Aspergillosis Medical Glossary: ASPERGILLOSIS ASPERGILLOSIS PRECIPITIN Medical Library: DBMD - Aspergillosis - Additional Information DBMD - Aspergillosis - Technical Information [Med Help Home] [Library Search] ... [Patient Network] Revised: 3/30/2003

37. Disease Category Listing (232): Aspergillosis Clinical Trials aspergillosis. There are no studies currently listed in this categoryon the CenterWatch web site. Back to Clinical Trials by Medical Areas. http://www.centerwatch.com/patient/studies/CAT232.html

Clinical Trials: Aspergillosis There are no studies currently listed in this category on the CenterWatch web site. Back to Clinical Trials by Medical Areas Research centers specializing in this illness area Additional resources ... in this illness area This site is run by CenterWatch, a publishing company that focuses on the clinical trials industry. The information provided in this service is designed to help patients find clinical trials that may be of interest to them, and to help patients contact the centers conducting the research. CenterWatch is neither promoting this research nor involved in conducting any of these trials. Trial listing updated: March 28, 2003 at 3:28:22 PM Patient Resources: [ Trial Listing Notification Services Drug Directories About Clinical Research ... Patient Bookstore Professional Resources: [ Research Center Profiles Industry Provider Profiles Industry News Professional Resources ... Professional Bookstore General: [ Search Site Map Your Privacy CW World ... Home This site was developed in association with Illumina Interactive of Boston, MA

38. Aspergillosis: Respiratory Disease, Aspergillus Fungus - Lung Disorders aspergillosis. What is aspergillosis? aspergillosis is either an What arethe Symptoms of aspergillosis? Symptoms of allergic aspergillosis http://www.medicalconsumerguide.com/primary_care/lung_disorders/aspergillosis.ht

Primary Care Elective Care Dental Vision ... Tuberculosis ASPERGILLOSIS What is Aspergillosis? Aspergillosis is either an infection, a growth, or an allergic response due to the Aspergillus fungus. Aspergillosis is caused by a fungus (Aspergillus), which is found commonly growing on dead leaves, stored grain, compost piles, or other decaying vegetation. It causes illness in three ways: an allergic reaction in people with asthma (Pulmonary aspergillosis; allergic bronchopulmonary type) a colonization and growth in an old healed lung cavity from previous disease such as tuberculosis or lung abscess where it produces a fungus ball called aspergilloma as an invasive infection with pneumonia that is spread to other parts of the body by the blood stream (Pulmonary aspergillosis; invasive type) What are the Symptoms of Aspergillosis? Symptoms of allergic aspergillosis: Fever Malaise Cough Coughing up blood or brownish mucous plugs Wheezing Weight loss Recurrent episodes of lung obstruction Symptoms of invasive infection: Fever Chills Headaches Cough Shortness of breath Chest pain Increased sputum production, which may be bloody

39. Aspergillosis aspergillosis. Not much is known about diseases of sea fans. However, one diseasethat is known to affect sea fans is aspergillosis, a fungal infection. http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/mccarty_and_peters/coral/aspergil.htm

Opening Introduction The Key Specific Diseases ... Contact Us Aspergillosis Not much is known about diseases of sea fans. However, one disease that is known to affect sea fans is aspergillosis, a fungal infection. Mass mortalities of sea fans have been reported throughout the Caribbean in recent years, but the cause has not been evident. Ivan Nagelkerken and colleagues reported an epizootic causing mortalities of sea fans beginning in 1995, in which the fungal agent was identified. Aspergillosis fungal infection of sea fan. Photo by J. W. Porter. Appearance Affected sea fans ( Gorgonia ventalina and G. flabellum ) show one or more irregularly-shaped patches or extensive loss of the purple tissue, with fine white filamentous material and sediment on the black axial skeleton that supports the tissue. Often, tissue adjacent to the patch is colored more deeply purple. Disintegration of the axial skeleton also occurs, leaving behind holes or complete loss of the sea fan blade structure. Sea fan tissue can also exhibit small dark purple spots and protuberant masses of purple tissue. Cause Samples of diseased sea fans from the Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Curacao, Saba, and Trinidad contained fungal hyphae that are most closely related to the terrestrial fungal genus

40. 1Up Health > Aspergillosis > Causes, Incidence, And Risk Factors Of Aspergillosi Comprehesive information on aspergillosis . 1Up Health Diseases Conditions aspergillosis Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors. http://www.1uphealth.com/health/aspergillosis_info.html

1Up Health Aspergillosis Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Aspergillosis Information Aspergillosis Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Definition : Aspergillosis is an infection, a growth, or an allergic response caused by the Aspergillus fungus. Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Aspergillosis is caused by a fungus ( Aspergillus ), which is commonly found growing on dead leaves, stored grain, compost piles, or in other decaying vegetation. It causes illness in three ways: as an allergic reaction in people with asthma Pulmonary aspergillosis - allergic bronchopulmonary type ); as a colonization and growth in an old healed lung cavity from previous disease (such as tuberculosis or lung abscess ) where it produces a fungus ball called aspergilloma ; and as an invasive infection with pneumonia that is spread to other parts of the body by the bloodstream ( Pulmonary aspergillosis - invasive type The invasive infection can affect the eye, causing blindness , and any other organ of the body, but especially the heart, lungs, brain, and kidneys. The third form occurs almost exclusively in people who are immunosuppressed because of cancer AIDS leukemia , organ transplants, high doses of corticosteroid drugs, chemotherapy , or other diseases that reduce the number of normal white blood cells.

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