61. Guidelines For The Control Of Infectious Diseases - Botulism botulism. Victorian Statutory Requirement. Clinical Features. There are threeforms of botulism the classical form, infant botulism and wound botulism. http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/phb/hprot/inf_dis/bluebook/botulism.htm

Public Health Division Department of Human Services Government of Victoria Australia home news ... about THE BLUE BOOK : Guidelines for the control of infectious diseases Contents Botulism Victorian Statutory Requirement Group A notification. Infectious Agent Clostridium botulinum , a spore-forming obligate anaerobic bacillus. Different types are recognised, for example, types A, B, E, F and G. Clinical Features There are three forms of botulism: the classical form, infant botulism and wound botulism. Classical botulism is a severe and often fatal intoxication resulting from ingestion of toxin in contaminated food. Symptoms include double vision, dysphagia and dry mouth. This may be followed by descending flaccid paralysis in an alert person. Fever is absent unless a complicating infection occurs. Infant botulism is the most common form, and usually affects infants under one year of age, but can affect adults who have altered gastrointestinal anatomy and microflora. The illness typically begins with constipation, followedby lethargy, listlessness, poor feeding, ptosis, difficulty in swallowing, and generalised muscle weakness (floppy baby). Wound botulism is rare, but has been seen after contamination of wounds in which anaerobic conditions developed.

62. SUMMARY OF 1996 AVIAN BOTULISM EVENT SALTON SEA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE. SUMMARY OF 1996 AVIAN botulismEVENT. botulism kills birds quickly by paralyzing the muscles. http://pacific.fws.gov/salton/saltn96.htm

SALTON SEA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SUMMARY OF 1996 AVIAN BOTULISM EVENT Beginning on August 15, 1996, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and California Department of Fish and Game staff responded to an outbreak of avian botulism at the Salton Sea . Botulism is caused by a toxin produced by a naturally-occurring bacterium that develops during periods of high temperatures and the presence of a suitable nutrient medium in an environment devoid of oxygen. Botulism kills birds quickly by paralyzing the muscles. The botulism diagnosis was made by the National Biological Service's National Wildlife Health Research Center in Madison, Wisconsin. Management actions consisted of picking up dead birds and incinerating the carcasses, and transporting sick brown pelicans, an endangered species, and sick white pelicans to a wildlife rehabilitator for treatment and eventual release. Such clean-up efforts are necessary to stop the spread of the disease since dead birds provide a nutrient medium for the spread of botulism. Due to the extensive shoreline and large water area, the majority of clean-up work was conducted from airboats. Aerial surveys every other day were used to monitor the success of the clean-up and identify areas needing attention. After November 12, the Fish and Wildlife Service assumed sole responsibility for the clean-up work and reduced airboat patrols of the Salton Sea to two days a week due to low numbers of dead birds being recovered.

63. Smallpox Vaccine botulism Clostridium botulinum. Botulinum toxin. C. botulinum. Ventilatorsupport often required; Antibiotic use only recommended in wound botulism; http://www.fpnotebook.com/ID84.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice Paid Advertisement (click above). Please see the privacy statement Infectious Disease Immunization Bacteria ... Rubella Immunoglobulin Smallpox Vaccine Varicella Vaccine Yellow Fever Vaccine Assorted Pages Adult Vaccination Primary Series Immunization Status Unknown Smallpox Vaccine Smallpox Vaccination Vaccinia Vaccine Variola Vaccine Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dental Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Infectious Disease Index Bacteria Dermatology Emerging Examination Ophthalmology Fever Fungus Gastroenterology Helminth Immunization Laboratory General Neurology Obstetrics Parasite Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Prion Procedure Rheumatology Sexually Transmitted Disease Surgery Travel Medicine Vector Virus Page Immunization Index Approach Adults Approach Pediatrics Approach Unknown Status Bacteria Cholera Bacteria DTaP Bacteria Hib Bacteria Meningococcal Bacteria Pneumococcus Bacteria Pneumococcus Conjugate Bacteria Td Bacteria Typhoid Virus Hepatitis A Virus Hepatitis A Immunoglobulin Virus Hepatitis B Virus Influenza Virus Lyme Virus MMR Virus Polio Virus Rabies Virus Rotavirus Virus Rubella Immunoglobulin Virus Smallpox Virus Varicella Virus Yellow Fever

64. IgA Immunoglobulin Infant botulism Infantile botulism. See Also botulism. Epidemiology Incidence Estimatedat 250 cases in US per year More cases than foodborne or wound botulism. http://www.fpnotebook.com/ID93.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice Paid Advertisement (click above). Please see the privacy statement Infectious Disease Laboratory Bacteria ... Rapid Influenza Test Assorted Pages Immunoglobulin Profile IgA Immunoglobulin IgE Immunoglobulin IgG Immunoglobulin ... IgM Immunoglobulin IgA Immunoglobulin Immunoglobulin A IgA Gamma Globulin A Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dental Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Infectious Disease Index Bacteria Dermatology Emerging Examination Ophthalmology Fever Fungus Gastroenterology Helminth Immunization Laboratory General Neurology Obstetrics Parasite Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Prion Procedure Rheumatology Sexually Transmitted Disease Surgery Travel Medicine Vector Virus Page Laboratory Index Bacteria ASO titer Bacteria Culture Blood Bacteria Culture Blood Anaerobe Bacteria Gram Helminth Pinworm Test Immunoglobulin Immunoglobulin IgA Immunoglobulin IgE Immunoglobulin IgG Immunoglobulin IgM STD Chlamydia Antigen STD Gonorrhea Antigen STD Gonorrhea Culture STD Syphilis Antibody STD Syphilis Dark-field STD Syphilis FTA STD Syphilis RPR STD Syphilis VDRL Vector Lyme Virus Influenza Immunoassay Normal Range: 50-350 mg/dl Varies by age Increased IgA Lymphoproliferative disorders (e.g.

65. Medic-Planet Botulism botulism See also Bacteria and disease, Food poisoning, Back to the Indexpage Two other types of botulism have been discovered in recent years. http://www.medic-planet.com/MP_article/internal_reference/Botulism

66. Medic-Planet Botulism botulism See also Bacteria and disease, Food poisoning, Back to the Indexpage Two other types of botulism have been discovered in recent years. http://www.medic-planet.com/MP_article/internal_reference/botulism

67. Botulism botulism can be controlled with awareness of the types of botulism, conditionsaffecting the growth of the toxinproducing spores, symptoms, treatment and http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09305.html

You are here: Home Fact Sheets no. 9.305 Botulism by P. Kendall Quick Facts... Colorado has one of the highest incidences of botulism in the United States because of soil and high altitude. Conditions that favor botulism include a high-moisture, low-salt, low-acid environment in which food is stored without oxygen or refrigeration. Anaerobic conditions can develop in canned foods, smoked fish, sausages and some cooked foods. Botulism can be controlled in home-canned foods if home canners are made aware of the dangers and how to prevent it. Four classifications are being used currently in the United States to discuss botulism in humans. These are 1) food-borne botulism , caused by consuming food containing botulinal toxin 2) infant botulism , caused by production of botulinal toxin after germination and growth of the spores within the infant's intestines; 3) wound botulism , resulting from germination and growth of Clostridium botulinum within a wound; and 4) undetermined botulism , occurring in persons older than 12 months, in which no food or wound is implicated. The majority of reported cases of botulism have traditionally been food-borne in nature. In recent years around 30 cases per year have been reported.

68. An Alternative Medicine Network botulism (foodborne botulism and infant botulism). What is botulism?botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin produced by http://www.herbsmed.com/medlib/5.htm

HerbsMed.com Training Training Software Consulting Exams Online Online University An Alternative Medicine Network News Herbs Acupuncture Clinics ... Consult specialists Common Illness Amebiasis Anthrax Arboviral Infections Babesiosis ... DEHYDRATION Botulism (food-borne botulism and infant botulism) What is botulism? Botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, Clostridium botulinum. Only a few cases are reported in New York State each year. Who gets botulism? Food-borne botulism is due to ingestion of a toxin formed in food. It often involves improperly processed home canned foods. Botulism in infants under one year of age has been associated with the ingestion of contaminated honey. How is botulism spread? Person to person spread does not occur. A person must ingest contaminated food that has not been properly cooked or reheated after the toxin has been produced by the bacteria. With infant botulism, an infant must ingest bacterial spores and then produce the toxin in his/her gastrointestinal tract. What are the symptoms of botulism? Blurred or Double Vision

69. Botulism Our botulism Reference Centre diagnoses the disease by the identification and typingof the botulism toxin as well as the isolation and identification of the http://www.pasteur.be/botuk.htm

Pasteur Instituut van Brussel - Engelandstraat, 642 - B1180 Brussel Institut Pasteur de Bruxelles - rue Engeland, 642 - B1180 Bruxelles Tel: 32-(0) 2-373.31.11 - Fax: 32-(0) 2-373.32.82 Search Zoeken Chercher Staff : M. TURNEER tel: 32-(0)2-373.33.10 Scientific publications Our Botulism Reference Centre diagnoses the disease by the identification and typing of the botulism toxin as well as the isolation and identification of the Clostridium botulinum pathogen from pathological human and suspected food samples. In our laboratory the growth conditions of Clostridium botulinum type A and the production of toxins in static conditions is being investigated. The research is aimed at obtaining a reference toxin for the dosage of antibotulic antibodies in patients suffering from neurologic disorders (like blepharospasms, writer's cramp, torticollis, and so on) and treated with nanogram doses of botulinum toxin type A. Activities Visits Friends Training ... Vaccines

70. Botulism Frequently Asked Questions Find out the truth about botulism through our frequently asked questions, researchedand prepared by a experts at Shands HealthCare. What is botulism? http://www.shands.org/find/service/bioterrorism/botulism.htm

bioterrorism anthrax plague small pox Botulism frequently asked questions What is botulism? How is botulism transmitted? What are the symptoms of botulism? How is botulism diagnosed? ... What should I do if I am exposed to botulism? What is botulism? Botulism is a muscle-paralyzing disease. It is caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium called Clostridium botulinum. There are three main kinds of botulism: Foodborne botulism occurs when a person ingests pre-formed toxins. Infant botulism occurs when an infant ingests botulism spores and toxin is formed in the intestines. Wound botulism occurs when the organism responsible for botulism grows in traumatized tissue and produces toxin. Return to top How is botulism transmitted?

71. Botulism botulism. Centers for Disease Control Prevention botulism Fact Sheet Afact sheet on botulism from the CDC. botulism-Food Poisoning from Bacteria. http://www.health-nexus.com/botulism.htm

Health-Nexus.Net Health-Nexus.Org The #1 Health information site Home ... Up Search Health-Nexus for: Match ALL words Match ANY word Email this page to a friend ! Post a question or comment on our Message Board Home Page Health Specialties Health News ... Alternative Health Options Substance Abuse Animal Health Search: Books Magazines Video Keywords: Find it Here Botulism A fact sheet on botulism from the CDC. Botulism - Links and information about botulism. Botulism-Food Poisoning from Bacteria Botulism - General Information - Learn about the symptoms and treatment of botulism, an illness caused by a specific kind of bacterium. Botulism: It Only Takes a Taste - Article explaining the proper handling of foods in order to prevent botulism. Also, one woman shares her personal battle with food poisoning. Botulism - Clinical Considerations - Signs and symptoms of botulism. Gastrointestinal/Urinary: Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Abdominal pain Intestinal ileus Urinary retention..... Botulism Fact Sheet Botulism New York State Department of Health Communicable Disease Fact sheet - New York State Department of Health Communicable Disease Fact Sheet Botulism (food-borne botulism and infant botulism) What is botulism? Botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, Clostridium botulinum.

72. Botulism Table Of Contents For their investigations of botulism cases, we would like to thank the followingEpidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) officers assigned to Alaska by the US http://www.epi.hss.state.ak.us/pubs/botulism/bot_01.htm

73. Botulism Exposure Guidelines http://infectioncontrol.ucsfmedicalcenter.org/IC_BT_Home_Page/Botulism_Exposure_

74. Advanced Search Infant botulism. Although the worldwide incidence of infant botulism israre, the majority of cases are diagnosed in the United States. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020401/1388.html

Advanced Search Infant Botulism NADINE COX, M.D., and RANDY HINKLE, D.O., Mount Carmel Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio Although the worldwide incidence of infant botulism is rare, the majority of cases are diagnosed in the United States. An infant can acquire botulism by ingesting Clostridium botulinum A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (5 pages / 73 KB). More information on using PDF files. I nfant botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced by the spore-forming, anaerobic, gram-positive bacilli Clostridium botulinum, which is found globally in soil. Ingestion of spores leads to toxin synthesis and absorption from the infant's intestinal tract. Infant botulism is caused by toxin types A and B. The ensuing neuroparalytic disease presents in a subacute manner, initially causing constipation followed by progressive weakness. Physician awareness of infant botulism is paramount to early recognition and intervention, because more than 70 percent of these infants will eventually require mechanical ventilation. Soil and honey contamination are the two recognized sources of Clostridium botulinum spores.

75. Botulism botulism (foodborne botulism and infant botulism). Top of Page Whatis botulism? botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin http://health2k.state.nv.us/disease/diseases/botulism.htm

Nevada State Health Division Communicable Disease Program Nevada State Health Division Feedback Contacts Search Botulism (food-borne botulism and infant botulism) What is botulism? Who gets botulism? How is botulism spread? What are the symptoms of botulism? ... How can botulism be prevented? What is botulism? Botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, Clostridium botulinum. Who gets botulism? Food-borne botulism is due to ingestion of a toxin formed in food. It often involves improperly processed home canned foods. Botulism in infants under one year of age has been associated with the ingestion of contaminated honey. How is botulism spread? Person to person spread does not occur. A person must ingest contaminated food that has not been properly cooked or reheated after the toxin has been produced by the bacteria. With infant botulism, an infant must ingest bacterial spores and then produce the toxin in his/her gastrointestinal tract. What are the symptoms of botulism?

76. The Bioterrorism Section Of The Website Is A Collaboration AM J Med 1984;767948. Back to top. botulism Toxoid. CDC. Back to top.Epidemiology Foodborne botulism. Angulo FJ, Getz J, Taylor JP, et al. http://www.idsociety.org/bt/biotemplate.cfm?template=bot_resources.htm

77. 1Up Health > Botulism > Causes, Incidence, And Risk Factors Of Botulism Comprehesive information on botulism . Covers more. 1Up Health Diseases Conditions botulism Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors. http://www.1uphealth.com/health/botulism_info.html

1Up Health Botulism Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Botulism Information Botulism Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Definition : Botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum . The bacterium may enter the body through wounds , or they may live in improperly canned or preserved food. Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Clostridium is found in soil and untreated water throughout the world. It produces spores that survive in improperly preserved or canned food, where they produce toxin. When eaten, even minute amounts of this toxin can lead to severe poisoning. The foods most commonly contaminated are home-canned vegetables, cured pork and ham, smoked or raw fish, and honey or corn syrup. Botulism may also occur if the organism enters open wounds and produces toxin there. Infant botulism is a special type in which living bacteria or its spores are ingested and grow within the infant's gastrointestinal tract. The most common cause of infant botulism is from the ingestion of honey or corn syrup. Clostridium also occurs normally in the stool of some infants.

78. Avian Botulism - Environment Canada A web site about avian botulism and research underway in Canada to betterunderstand avian botulism and how it can be managed. Avian botulism. http://www.mb.ec.gc.ca/nature/migratorybirds/avianb/dc22s00.en.html

Français Contact Us Help Search ... Back to Migratory Bird Section Avian Botulism Airboat and clean-up crew Avian botulism is a form of poisoning of wild and domestic birds caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum (type C). It is a recurring problem, often killing many thousands of waterfowl and shorebirds. Avian botulism occurs naturally and is a leading cause of bird deaths, especially in migratory waterfowl. Ducks are most frequently affected, but avian botulism is known to affect all waterfowl, including geese and swans. Pelicans, gulls, shorebirds, raptors, and upland birds are also susceptible. While the source of the poisoning is believed to be well known, ways of effectively controlling botulism outbreaks remain uncertain. What's New About Us Topics Publications ... Canada Site The Green Lane TM , Environment Canada's World Wide Web site URL of this page: http://www.pnr-rpn.ec.gc.ca /nature/migratorybirds/avianb/dc22s00.en.html

79. Botulism botulism. Fact Sheet No 270 Revised August 2002. Overview Human botulismis a serious but relatively rare disease. The disease http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/factsheets/who270/en

English Search Home Countries Health Topics ... Multimedia files Media Centre Location: WHO WHO Sites Media Centre Fact Sheets ... printable version Botulism Fact Sheet No 270 Revised August 2002 Overview: Human botulism is a serious but relatively rare disease. The disease is an intoxication caused by extremely potent toxins preformed in foods. The toxins are produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Person to person transmission of botulism does not occur. There are seven recognized types of botulism. Four of these (types A, B, E and rarely F) cause human botulism. Types C, D and E cause illness in mammals, birds and fish. The sporulated form of the bacterium is commonly found in soils, aquatic sediments and fish. The spores are heat-resistant. Under anaerobic conditions, botulinum spores can germinate, and the bacterium grow and produce the toxin. Ingestion of the toxin present in improperly prepared food is dangerous and may be fatal. Botulism is mainly a foodborne intoxication but it can also be transmitted through wound infections or intestinal infection in infants. Symptoms: The symptoms are not caused by the organism itself, but by the toxin that the bacterium releases. They usually appear within 12 to 36 hours (within a minimum and maximum range of four hours to eight days) after exposure. Incidence of botulism is low, but the mortality rate is high if treatment is not immediate and proper. The disease can be fatal in 5 to 10% of cases.

80. SMART™-II Botulism Toxin Test Kit SMART™II botulism Toxin. Proven Technology - Desert Storm Tested . INTENDED USEThis test is designed to detect botulism toxin from environmental samples. http://www.nhdiag.com/botulism.shtml

Medical Cholera and Bengal Gonorrheae Strep A Syphilis ... Drug Abuse Screening Biothreat Detection Diagnosic Kits Anthrax Cholera Ricin Staph Enterotoxin ... Botulism Toxin Collection Kits SWIPE I SWIPE II SWIPE III SWIPE IV ... Sample Processing Kit Environmental Bacteria Detection Ferric Iron Assay Place Holder Food Testing E. coli Salmonella Bacteriophage Botulism Toxin Features: Less than 20 seconds technician time Room temperature storage Distinct color reaction on capture membrane Proven Technology -"Desert Storm Tested" INTENDED USE: This test is designed to detect Botulism toxin from environmental samples. It is not intended to be used in the diagnosis of botulism or any other disease. CAUTION: This test is a rapid, screening assay. No known rapid screening assay is 100% sensitive or 100% specific, therefore results should be confirmed by an alternative method. MATERIALS INCLUDED PER POUCH: Botulism Toxin Lateral Flow Test Devices Plastic Droppers Chase Buffer COLLECTION KITS NOT INCLUDED: (To collect sample, you should use one of the following kits or their equivalent.)

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