61. The Bubonic Plague You have just contracted the bubonic plague. I know that's not what the bubonicplague really was, nor do I care what the bubonic plague really was. http://www.wcnet.org/~mkessen/

***WARNING*** Young children and people easily grossed out may not want to read the following. Proceed at your own risk. You have just contracted the bubonic plague. Within the next 24 hours your inner organs will liquify and seep out through your pores, your skin will begin to decay, you will bleed profusely from your eyes, and you will suffer a slow agonizing death, kicking, screaming, and yelling profanities until you gasp for your last breath of air and die as you regurgitate your mushy lungs. I know that's not what the bubonic plague really was, nor do I care what the bubonic plague really was. It just sounded cool. However, I have received many e-mails from people who came to this site looking for actual information on the plague. For those of you, click here . Anyway, this site used to contain some stuff, but now it's all gone. It may someday contain stuff again, but I make no promises. This page was last updated October 7, 2002

62. Plague: Yersinia Pestis population at that time. For largely unknown reasons, bubonic plague ceasedto be an important pandemic disease. No major epidemics have http://www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/plague.htm

Lymphoreticular and Hematopoetic Infections Return to Syllabus PLAGUE General Goal: To know the cause of this disease, the most common modes of transmission, the major manifestations, and the major complications of this disease. Specific Educational Objectives The student should be able to: 1. identify the cause of this disease (hint: safety pin appearance). 2. recite the common means of transmission and identify the major disease manifestations. 3. identify what type of pathogen this bacterium is [ex. extracellular, intracellular (what cell does it dwell in)]. 4. tell what groups of people and occupations are more likely to get this disease and how to avoid getting infected with this pathogen. Reading: MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY by P.R. Murray, K.S. Rosenthal, G.S. Kobayashi and M.A. Pfaller, 3rd Edition. pp. 240-242. Lecture : Dr. Neal R. Chamberlain References: OVERVIEW Plague or black death is an infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentially transmitted to humans by the bite of infected fleas. The disease follows urban and sylvatic cycles and is manifested in bubonic and pneumonic forms [note: bubo is derived from a Greek word for groin]. The Black Death was one of the great epidemic scourges of mankind. It swept across Europe and Asia in a series of devastating pandemics during the Middle Ages. This disease was responsible for the death of one-third of the world's population at that time. For largely unknown reasons, bubonic plague ceased to be an important pandemic disease. No major epidemics have occurred in Europe or North America in more than a century.

63. Bubonic Plague Articles, Support Groups, And Resources bubonic plague articles, support groups, and resources for patientsfrom Med Help International (www.medhelp.org). bubonic plague. http://www.medhelp.org/HealthTopics/Bubonic_Plague.html

[Health Topics A-Z] A B C D ... Z Bubonic Plague Medical Glossary: BUBONIC PLAGUE [Med Help Home] [Library Search] [Medical Forums] ... [Patient Network] Revised: 3/30/2003

64. Bubonic Plague: Yesterday's Scourge--and Tomorrow's? The next bubonic plague pandemic could occur at any timeand we are NOT preparedto deal with it! bubonic plague Yesterday's Scourgeand Tomorrow's? http://www.salvoblue.homestead.com/plague.html

Bubonic Plague: Yesterday's Scourgeand Tomorrow's? by Tina Blue December 20, 2000 When you think of bubonic plague, no doubt you think of the Black Death, the scourge of medieval Europe. What you probably don't realize is that since the start of the twentieth century, North America has been the world's largest reservoir of infection for bubonic plague and that every year in this country people are infected with the plague and some die of it. What you also may not realize is that the antibiotics used to treat plague are not as effective as they once were, and that eventually, perhaps in the not too distant future, they will lose their efficacy altogether. When that happens, we will see a worldwide pandemic that will vastly overshadow the Black Death pandemic that depopulated Europe during the Middle Ages. The organism responsible for bubonic plague is Pasteurella pestis (also called Y ersinia pestis ), which is spread by rodents and transmitted to man by fleas parasitic on rodents. The disease gets its name from one of its most characteristic signs, a painful swelling of the lymph nodes in the groin area. The Greek word for groin ( boubon Lymph nodes in other parts of the body can also swell from the infection, but the groin area is most often involved because it is easy for an infected flea to reach and bite the legs, so the lymph nodes in the groin provide the most convenient site for

65. What Happened To Bubonic Plague What happened to bubonic plague. bubonic plague is caused by Yserminia Pestis,a bacteria that lives in the gut of a common rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis. http://www.allsands.com/History/Events/blackplaguebub_eq_gn.htm

What happened to Bubonic Plague The Black Plague of the mid-1300's is the most famous occurrence of Bubonic Plague, which repeatedly ravished the Eurasian population prior to the Industrial Age. Bubonic Plague is caused by Yserminia Pestis, a bacteria that lives in the gut of a common rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis. When a flea bites an infected rat, it consumes the bacteria, which multiplies and reproduces inside the flea's intestinal tract, until the flea has no room to contain them anymore and regurgitates them onto its sucker. From the leftover bacteria on the sucker, the next rat bitten by the flea gets a healthy dose of Yserminia Pestis and the cycle starts all over again. Although the flea that carries plague prefers to feed on rats, live rats are not always available to them. Yserminia Pestis produces a toxin (Necrotizing Exotoxin) that causes rats and humans to suffer similar symptoms, including swollen lymph nodes, hemorrhages in the lower layers of skin and finally death. A population of rats living nearby each other will all catch Plague and die from it, leaving their fleas to seek other animal hosts, including humans and many domestic animals. bodyOffer(364) For humans, sickness from plague comes in two forms: bubonic and pneumonic. All of the infections are caused by the same bacteria and start in the same way, mainly when the bacteria enter the human body. The Black Plague of the 14th century is the best known example of Bubonic Plague. The toxin produced by Yserminia Pestis caused people's lymph nodes to swell up into "buboes" which looked like huge, hard bubbles sticking out of a person's skin. Although the era is famous for its buboes, at the same time, plague was spreading pneumatically and septemically.

66. Researchers Black Death Not Bubonic Plague Researchers Black Death not bubonic plague By Susan Haller email CollegianStaff Writer. In comparison, she added, the bubonic plague spreads slowly. http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2002/04/04-23-02tdc/04-23-02dscihealth-04.a

67. New York City Department Of Health And Mental Hygiene- Communicable Disease - Pl Plague (Pneumonic plague, bubonic plague). Swollen and tender lymph nodes nearwhere the infected flea bit the person are typical of bubonic plague. http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/cd/cdpla.html

New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Bureau of Communicable Disease Plague (Pneumonic plague, bubonic plague) What is plague? Plague is a bacterial disease caused by Yersinia pestis . Wild rodents, especially ground squirrels and prairie dogs, are the natural reservoir for plague. Rats, wild rodents, cats, and dogs can become infected with plague and the disease is occasionally transmitted to people by fleas. Who gets plague? Plague is extremely rare in the United States, where the small number of reported cases in recent years have been limited to the Western states. Plague occurs in areas where infection of wild rodents is common, including South America, parts of Africa, and South Asia. Are there different kinds of plague? Yes. Bubonic plague gets its name from the enlarged and tender lymph glands, or nodes (called "buboes" during the 14th century, when the disease ravaged Europe). Pneumonic plague gets its name from its pneumonia-like symptoms. How is plague spread? Bubonic plague is transmitted primarily by the bite from infected fleas; however, transmission can occur by bites or scratches from infected wild rodents and cats, or contact with tissue from infected animals. Pneumonic plague is far more contagious because it is spread through the air by sneezing or coughing.

68. Bubonic Plague A 'biological Dead-end' As Terror Weapon bubonic plague a 'biological deadend' as terror weapon. PRESS RELEASE- For immediate release 1 December 2002. The outbreak of bubonic http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/news/2002/bubonicplague.html

Contact People Sitemap A-Z ... Departments You are here: Home News Bubonic plague a 'biological dead-end' as terror weapon PRESS RELEASE - For immediate release: 1 December 2002 The outbreak of bubonic plague recently in New York would not have hit the headlines before 11 September, and should not cause alarm now, according to Professor Sam Cohn, author of The Black Death Transformed: Disease and Culture in Early Renaissance Europe, who is speaking at the School on 5 December. The disease, which is a rat disease and, transmitted by fleas, cannot spread from humans to the rat population, which means once it reaches humans, it is a 'biological dead-end'; nor does it spread readily from person to person even in its rare pneumonic form. Had the two cases in the States been the Black Death, of which we saw a major epidemic in the Middle Ages and with which, wrongly, bubonic plague is often confused and to which it bears little resemblance, it would have been a different story, and a cause for serious concern. The Epidemiology of the Black Death: Europe, 1348-1450

69. Gyre.org : Keywords : Bubonic Plague KEYWORDS bubonic plague. Random 10 Articles Viewing articles 1 through 4 of 4in the subtopic bubonic plague Keywords in Biological Warfare, bubonic plague. http://www.gyre.org/news/explore/Bubonic Plague

search Animal Machine Interface Artificial Life Asteroid Defense Biological Warfare ... Virtual Reality KEYWORDS : BUBONIC PLAGUE News Resources Bibliography Random 10 Articles Viewing articles through of in the subtopic: Bubonic Plague Will the Black Death return? Wendy Orent Discover Magazine November 01, 2001 Comments Dread of this horrible epidemic is a dim memory confined to history books. But antibiotic-resistant plague is alive and well. and if it is used as a weapon, no one will be safe. Explore Related: Category Biological Warfare Keywords in Biological Warfare Bubonic Plague Black Death AIDS Staff BBC News October 25, 2001 Comments New research suggests that Europeans have inherited a resistance to Aids because of the devastating effects of the bubonic plague. Explore Related: Category Biological Warfare Keywords in Biological Warfare AIDS Bubonic Plague Plague genome is mapped Joseph B. Verrengia ... Boston Globe October 04, 2001 Comments British scientists have deciphered the genetic blueprint of bubonic plague, the fearsome microbe that killed one-third of medieval Europe and could still be a frightening biological weapon in the hands of modern-day terrorists. The new gene map could offer clues to vaccines and other drugs that could keep the disease in check and perhaps even neutralize its use as a weapon of mass destruction. Explore Related: Category Biological Warfare Keywords in Biological Warfare Andromeda Strain Bubonic Plague Terrorism Black Death's Gene Code Cracked ... Wired News October 03, 2001

70. Gyre.org : Biological Warfare : Bubonic Plague BIOLOGICAL WARFARE bubonic plague. and if it is used as a weapon, no one will besafe. Explore Related Category, Biological Warfare. Keywords, bubonic plague. http://www.gyre.org/news/related/Biological Warfare/Bubonic Plague

search Animal Machine Interface Artificial Life Asteroid Defense Biological Warfare ... Virtual Reality BIOLOGICAL WARFARE : BUBONIC PLAGUE News Resources Bibliography Random 10 Articles Viewing articles through of in the category: Biological Warfare and the subtopic: Bubonic Plague Will the Black Death return? Wendy Orent Discover Magazine November 01, 2001 Comments Dread of this horrible epidemic is a dim memory confined to history books. But antibiotic-resistant plague is alive and well. and if it is used as a weapon, no one will be safe. Explore Related: Category Biological Warfare Keywords Bubonic Plague Black Death AIDS Staff BBC News October 25, 2001 Comments New research suggests that Europeans have inherited a resistance to Aids because of the devastating effects of the bubonic plague. Explore Related: Category Biological Warfare Keywords AIDS Bubonic Plague Plague genome is mapped Joseph B. Verrengia ... Boston Globe October 04, 2001 Comments British scientists have deciphered the genetic blueprint of bubonic plague, the fearsome microbe that killed one-third of medieval Europe and could still be a frightening biological weapon in the hands of modern-day terrorists. The new gene map could offer clues to vaccines and other drugs that could keep the disease in check and perhaps even neutralize its use as a weapon of mass destruction. Explore Related: Category Biological Warfare Keywords Andromeda Strain Bubonic Plague Terrorism Black Death's Gene Code Cracked ... Wired News October 03, 2001

71. No Message! bubonic plague? Posted by sonia 1/15/03 at 142 pm. City official says somevials contained bubonic plague. http//CNN.com. Messages in this thread. http://www.boston-online.com/cgi-bin/conf2.pl/noframes/read/23481

Return to Index No Message! Sorry, but the message you just tried to read doesn't exist! You may have followed an obsolete hard-coded link, or it may be that you just tried to enter the URL manually, and mis-typed it. If you have any questions, please send a note to adamg@world.std.com Your browser should automatically take you back to the message index page. Ask a Boston question Contact Boston Online Privacy Advertise ... The World

72. No Message! Re bubonic plague? Posted by Cathy 1/15/03 at 445 pm. In response to Re bubonicplague? (Adam Gaffin). So much for being hungry. Messages in this thread. http://www.boston-online.com/cgi-bin/conf2.pl/noframes/read/23511

Return to Index No Message! Sorry, but the message you just tried to read doesn't exist! You may have followed an obsolete hard-coded link, or it may be that you just tried to enter the URL manually, and mis-typed it. If you have any questions, please send a note to adamg@world.std.com Your browser should automatically take you back to the message index page. Ask a Boston question Contact Boston Online Privacy Advertise ... The World

73. Events - The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) The Black Death (bubonic plague). Less than twenty years after theSiege the town suffered the return of the Black Death. It had http://homepages.enterprise.net/jordy/events/plague.htm

The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) Less than twenty years after the Siege the town suffered the return of the Black Death. It had first arrived in Colchester in the winter of 1348, during the reign of Edward III . More than 1000 people died - about quarter of the town's population. For the next three centuries the plague remained present in the town at a low level. In the summer of 1665, the plague flared up in a final epidemic that spread from London. 4731 people died in Colchester, almost half the population atth time. This remains the worst epidemic of modern times in England. Home A to Z Town map Search

74. Scientists Develop Simple, Rapid Test For Bubonic Plague January 17, 2003. Scientists develop simple, rapid test for bubonic plague. AssociatedPress EMMA ROSS AP Medical Writer. bubonic plague is not contagious. http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_news_article.jspzQzidzEz164371

75. Nature Publishing Group Metapopulation dynamics of bubonic plague (1) Fleas feeding on an infected ratingest the bacteria causing bubonic plague, and soon become infectious. http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v407/n6806/full/

76. Nature Publishing Group 19 October 2000. Nature 407, 903 906 (2000) © Macmillan Publishers Ltd. Metapopulationdynamics of bubonic plague. M. J. KEELING* AND C. A. GILLIGAN†. http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v407/n6806/abs/4

77. The Black Death - Bubonic Plague A comprehensive educational directory that provides a wide varietyof resources on the Black Death ( bubonic plague ). http://cybersleuth-kids.com/sleuth/History/Medieval/Black_Death/

Home Fun and Games Science Math ... CLIPART A Great Site to find school related clipart. Over 20,000 pictures, illustration, clipart and images to download!! CLIPART INDEX Clipart History Animals, Dinosaurs ... Central Free Lesson Plans in Math, Social Studies, Art, Language Arts, and Science. Rubrics, Worksheets, and Teacher Productivity Tools!! Math Worsheets Math Flash Cards Online Word Search Stay up-to-date! Sign up for our mailing list Subject Themes Dinosaurs Civil War Educational Software US States ... Ancient Civilizations Clipart Mathematics Explorers Inventors ... Lessons US History Search: Home History Medieval Black Death SEARCH RESULTS 1 - 12 of 22 Discovery Online Black Death Discovery Online Stories,The Black Plague. In the 14th century a plague spread across Asia, Europe and Great Britain with such virulence that the course of human history changed forever

78. Ananova - Bubonic Plague Samples Missing In Texas The FBI have launched an investigation into samples of bubonic plague missingfrom a lab in Texas. Ananova bubonic plague samples missing in Texas. http://www.ananova.com/news/story/sm_740135.html?menu=

79. Bio 118: Bubonic Plague bubonic plague The Black Death . (Updated 12 February 2002) Three EuropeanVisits. The Black Death. The plague of 1346ff. bubonic plague. http://www.biology.lsa.umich.edu/courses/bio118/plague.htm

Bubonic Plague "The Black Death" (Updated 12 February 2002, unchanged 27 January 2003) Three European Visits The Plague of Justinian (mid 500's) The black death (1346ff) The plague that almost was (1894) The plague of Justinian Well documented in mid 500's huge losses in population end of the Western empire Sack of Rome 410 End of Roman independence 476 no mention of plague after 767 End of The First Plague No mention after 760's Why did it die out? population too small? no good rodent population black rats did not get to Europe until later transport too slow But still existed elsewhere The Black Death The plague of 1346ff Bubonic Plague caused by Yersinia pestis transmitted by flea bites infected reservoir is various rodents Probably began in China in 1331 Role of Mongol trade routes brought it across Asia and into rodents The disease 2-8 days after flea bite, fever of 105 2-3 days later buboes (swelling of glands closest to bite) then burst and suppurate, red spots on skin 8-10 days of suffering then convalescence (if not already dead) mortality about 30-70% Septicemic Plague Invasion of bloodstream Death within 24-36 hours. 100% fatal

80. What Is The Bubonic Plague? What is the bubonic plague? bubonic plague, known also to our fullterms. Review the full terms by clicking here. bubonic plague. http://mo.essortment.com/bubonicplague_rmhr.htm

What is the bubonic plague? Bubonic Plague, known also as the Black Death, has been known for thousands of years; China records this disease 3000 years ago. Outbreaks have occurred throughout history, appearing to this day. Perhaps one of the most deadly outbreaks occurred in medieval Asia and Europe claiming an estimated 25 million lives. How do people get bubonic plague and are we at risk for it today? Plague is spread to humans via fleas from rats infected with the bacteria Yersinia pestis. The fleas bite a human host and the bacteria are passed on. Early symptoms are fever, chills, headache and extreme exhaustion. Next come swollen glands, typically in the armpits and groin area. These infected glands are called buboes, from which the name bubonic plague derives. Incubation from the time of the bite to death from the disease is about two to six days. Unchecked, the disease is quickly fatal, killing 90% or more of its victims. bodyOffer(32891) Plague hit medieval Europe with devastating force in late 1347. Merchants returning to Italy from plague infested Asia landed in Messina, Sicily with most of the hands on board dead. The surviving crew brought the disease ashore with them and it rapidly spread through the population. Plague is highly infectious; the bacteria are spread through droplets of water coughed or sneezed from a sufferer, infected blood or bodily fluid, pus and fleas. Messina closed their port and sent ships on to Genoa and other ports whose towns were likewise infected. People started dying at alarming rates; so many died so quickly that there weren’t enough people to bury the dead. Those who remained uninfected often abandoned their homes and sick family members for fear of contracting the disease themselves.

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