1. Celiac Disease Facts, provided by the NIDDK (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disorders).Category Health Conditions and Diseases Intestinal celiac disease......What Is celiac disease? However, people without symptoms are still at risk forthe complications of celiac disease. How Is celiac disease Diagnosed? http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/digest/pubs/celiac/

What Is Celiac Disease? What Are the Symptoms? How Is Celiac Disease Diagnosed? What Is the Treatment? ... Points To Remember What Is Celiac Disease? Celiac disease is a digestive disease that damages the small intestine and interferes with absorption of nutrients from food. People who have celiac disease cannot tolerate a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley, and possibly oats. When people with celiac disease eat foods containing gluten, their immune system responds by damaging the small intestine. Specifically, tiny fingerlike protrusions, called villi, on the lining of the small intestine are lost. Nutrients from food are absorbed into the bloodstream through these villi. Without villi, a person becomes malnourishedregardless of the quantity of food eaten. Because the body's own immune system causes the damage, celiac disease is considered an autoimmune disorder. However, it is also classified as a disease of malabsorption because nutrients are not absorbed. Celiac disease is also known as celiac sprue, nontropical sprue, and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Celiac disease is a genetic disease, meaning that it runs in families. Sometimes the disease is triggeredor becomes active for the first timeafter surgery, pregnancy, childbirth, viral infection, or severe emotional stress.

2. Celiac Disease & Gluten-Free Diet Online Resource Center A definitive list of Net sites on celiac disease/gluten intolerance, and the glutenfree diet. http://www.celiac.com/

Scott Adams. Questions? New information to add? Contact: The Celiac Disease and Gluten-Free Diet Online Resource Center is an Internet-based support organization that provides important resources and information for people on gluten-free diets due to celiac disease, gluten intolerance or wheat allergy. Celiac.com offers key gluten and wheat-free resources that are helpful to anyone with special dietary needs. Our purpose is to raise the awareness of the disease, and to provide people who have it with enough information to get diagnosed and treated so that they can begin to lead more comfortable and healthy lives. Celiac disease , also known as gluten intolerance, is a genetic disorder that affects 1 in 133 Americans. Symptoms of celiac disease can range from the classic features, such as diarrhea, weight loss, and malnutrition, to latent symptoms such as isolated nutrient deficiencies but no gastrointestinal symptoms. The disease mostly affects people of European descent, and may occur more rarely in black and Asian populations . Those affected suffer damage to the villi (shortening and villous flattening) in the lamina propria and crypt regions of their intestines when they eat specific food-grain antigens (toxic amino acid sequences) that are found in wheat, rye, and barley

3. Celiac Disease Foundation Nonprofit, public benefit corporation providing services and support to persons with celiac disease Category Health Conditions and Diseases Associations...... http://www.celiac.org/

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4. Celiac Disease And Gluten Sensitivity celiac disease (American Academy of Family Physicians). celiac disease Defined (Celiac Sprue Association) http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/gi/celiac.html

Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity By Carol E. Semrad, M. D. Cause of celiac disease There are two important factors that contribute to the development of celiac disease: The ingestion of wheat The "Coeliac Affection" was first reported by Gee in 1888, however it was not until 1950 that wheat was proposed to be the cause of celiac disease. The evidence was based on the observation of a Dutch physician named Dicke who noted during World War II, a time when wheat grains were scarce in Holland, that children with celiac disease who had otherwise failed to thrive improved on a wheat-poor diet. Since then the large water-insoluble protein, gluten, present in wheat has been identified as the offending substance. Extraction of gluten with alcohol has further narrowed activity to smaller proline-rich proteins called gliadins which are capable of precipitating disease in previously asymptomatic celiacs. Analogous proteins exist in other grains such as rye, barley and oats and therefore these grains are also capable of exacerbating celiac disease. The specific peptide sequence of the gliadins responsible for triggering intestinal inflammation has not yet been identified. The genetic background of the individual Celiac disease runs in families. First degree relatives of individuals with celiac disease may or may not manifest symptoms of the disease. Predisposition to gluten sensitivity has been mapped to the major histocompatibility (MHC) D region on chromosome 6. The most important HLA haplotype is DQw2 which is often in linkage with DR3. Other important HLA haplotypes identified are DR7 and DPB 1, 3, 4.1 and 4.2. The sites on these MHC class 2 expressed proteins responsible for interacting with gliadin and host T cell receptors thereby sensitizing the intestine to gluten have not been identified.

5. Celiac Disease celiac disease. What is celiac disease? celiac disease is a disorder that causes problems in your intestines when you http://familydoctor.org/handouts/236.html

Information from Your Family Doctor Celiac Disease What is celiac disease? Celiac disease is a disorder that causes problems in your intestines when you eat gluten, which is in wheat, rye, barley and oats. Gluten is like a poison to people with celiac disease, because it damages their intestines. What does gluten do to people with celiac disease? Gluten damages the intestines. This damage keeps your body from taking in many of the nutrients in the food you eat. This includes vitamins, calcium, protein, carbohydrates, fats and other important nutrients. Your body can't work well without these nutrients. How did I get celiac disease? Celiac disease runs in the family. You inherited the tendency to get this disease from your parents. If 1 member of your family has celiac disease, about 1 out of 10 other members of your family is likely to have it. You may have this tendency for a while without getting sick. Then something like severe stress, physical injury, infection, childbirth or surgery can "turn on" your celiac disease. What happens to people with celiac disease?

6. CELIAC (Celiac/Coeliac Wheat/Gluten-Free List) Roman physician, described childhood and adult celiac disease. In 1888, Samuel Gee described celiac disease in Britain http://www.enabling.org/ia/celiac

Celiac/Coeliac, Dermatitis Herpetiformis (DH), Wheat/Gluten-Free Select a topic for additional details What's New at this Site Status of St Johns List What is Celiac Disease and the GF Diet Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) ... Dietary Control of Autism Search the CELIAC and CEL-KIDS websites More Search Options Feedback to the Listowners ©, Updated 05 November 2002 What is Celiac Disease and the Gluten-Free Diet The CELIAC (Celiac/Coeliac Wheat/Gluten-Free List) is open, unmoderated discussion for those interested in celiac disease (coeliac sprue), dermatitis herpetiformis, gluten intolerance, wheat allergy, and co-incident intolerances, such as casein or lactose intolerance. The List's discussions include the latest scientific research (written for the layperson); information on what food is gluten free and what is not; tips on how to eat out of the house, how to cope issues, including coping with the developmental delays and behavioral changes sometimes brought on or aggravated by gluten (Autism, Asperger's, Attention Deficit, etc.); recipes and tips on how to cook; and where to find gluten free food by mail-order. Celiac disease (CD) is used to reference the general requirement to avoid gluten in the diet. The terms replaced are: celiac sprue, coeliac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), and gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE). Diseases that can be associated with celiac disease include lactose intolerance, dermatitis herpetiformis, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid disease, and autoimmune disorders. Except for direct quotations and medical reference to a disease, CD is the universal term used. Outside the US, the term is often spelled as

7. WELCOME TO THE CELIAC DISEASE FOUNDATION celiac disease Foundation is your online source of information regarding celiacdisease and Dermatitis Herpetiformis. Welcome To The celiac disease Foundation. http://www.celiac.org/cdf-home.htm

Welcome To The Celiac Disease Foundation CDF provides support, information and assistance to people affected by Celiac Disease/Dermatitis Herpetiformis (CD/DH). CDF increases awareness among the general public. CDF works closely with health care professionals, pharmaceutical and medical industries. This cooperative effort puts CDF at the forefront of CD/DH care and research, helping us to aid and benefit those affected. CDF works closely with an international group of experts from multiple disciplines who serve on our medical advisory board CDF provides a link between clinical research and patient care. Working together, we help ensure that clinical advancements concerning CD/DH result in improvements in the quality of life for those affected. CDF played a key role in the formation of the Celiac Disease Standardization Group (CDSG) CDF provides a community of support for people affected by Celiac Disease. CDF is a resource for anyone seeking increased knowledge about this disease. The Celiac Disease Foundation is a 501(c)(3) non-profit, public benefit corporation dedicated to providing services and support relating to Celiac Disease and Dermatitis Herpetiformis, through programs of awareness, education, advocacy and research.

8. Disease Information celiac disease A Guide for Children and Their Families http://www.naspghan.org/sub/celiac_disease.asp

CELIAC DISEASE: A Guide for Children and Their Families The following information is intended solely for educational purposes and not as medical advice. It is not a substitute for care by a trained medical provider. For advice about celiac disease, consult a physician. Prepared by the Joint Ad Hoc Committee on Patient Information of The Patient Care Committees of the Association of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Nurses (APGNN) and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) Stuart S. Kaufman, M.D., Robert A. Cannon, M.D., Laura Ernst Beerman, R.D., Alan M. Lake, M.D., Rosemary J. Young, B.S.N. Illustrations by Kimberly J. Whitlow Acknowledgements to Dr. Leon Rottmann and Elaine Hartsook for continued encouragement and support of this project. Edited for electronic transmission by Richard B. Colletti, M.D. (11/95) History of Celiac Disease Glossary of Terms Celiac Disease: What it is, What Causes it, How it Affects People Diagnosis of Celiac Disease ... Food Companies HISTORY OF CELIAC DISEASE top GLOSSARY OF TERMS Antibodies: Substances made by the immune system that recognize and combine with foreign materials (antigens) that have gotten into the body. Antibodies are one part of the body's natural defense against invasion by germs and other potentially harmful substances.

9. Web Site Collection (mostly Gluten-free) Provides links to websites on celiac disease, gluten intolerance, and the gluten-free diet.Category Health Nutrition Dietary Options Gluten-Free...... A definitive list of Net sites on celiac disease/gluten intolerance, and the glutenfreediet. These are common misdiagnoses for undiagnosed celiac disease http://www.panix.com/~donwiss/

www.gluten-free.org Web Site Collection (mostly gluten-free) Link Pages: www.GFlinks.com The Gluten-Free Page . A definitive list of Net sites on celiac disease/gluten intolerance, and the gluten-free diet. It is annotated. www.GFmall.com - Annotated list of all the gluten-free food vendors. www.PaleoDiet.com - A page of annotated links to sites for the Paleolithic Diet, also called the caveman or a hunter/gatherer diet. It is gluten and dairy free. My favorite page. www.Foraging.com - A page of annotated links to sites on foraging and ethnobotony. Foraging can be done anywhere. Don't miss the sub-page on Clams and Clamming (which can't be done everywhere). www.NoMilk.com - A page of many annotated links to sites for people wishing to avoid dairy products for health or other reasons. Examples are lactose maldigestion, milk allergy, milk protein intolerance, casein intolerance, and the vegan diet. Recipes: www.GFrecipes.com - Menu to various files on gluten-free grains that have been collected from the Net. www.BigSpud.com

10. Gluten-Free Page - Celiac Disease/Gluten Intolerance Web Sites A definitive list of Net sites on celiac disease/gluten intolerance, and theglutenfree diet. It is annotated. celiac disease and Gluten Sensitivity. http://www.panix.com/~donwiss/gflinks/

www.GFlinks.com - The Gluten-Free Page Celiac Disease/Gluten Intolerance Web Sites Also see: GFmall and GFrecipes and BigSpud and PaleoDiet and PaleoFood and Foraging and NoMilk Contents to Sections Below Best Description Pages Sites by Individuals Educational Institutions Journals ... Gluten-Free Food Vendors < now on its own page. Food Science Mailing Lists/Discussion Groups/Chats/Archives Best Description Pages Celiac Disease - When food becomes the enemy is an article put up by the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. American Family Physician magazine has an article Detecting Celiac Disease in Your Patients by Harold T. Pruessner, M.D. Also see patient handout on celiac disease. Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity . An introductory write-up in 14K by Carol E. Semrad, M.D., of the gastroenterology department at Columbia U. Sites by Individuals Malabsorption and Delinquency was written by George Von Hilsheimer back in 1977. Besides blaming celiac disease for juvenile delinquency, it covers many of the health problems that come from malabsorption. Shows that there was plenty of knowledge back then, just no publicity. Peter Thompson has a new site, the

11. MEDLINEplus: Celiac Disease All Topics. celiac disease. Contents of Organizations Children. SearchMEDLINE for recent research articles on • celiac disease. You may http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/celiacdisease.html

Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Celiac Disease Contents of this page: From the NIH General/Overviews Diagnosis/Symptoms Nutrition ... Children Search MEDLINE for recent research articles on Celiac Disease You may also be interested in these MEDLINEplus related pages: Digestive System Food, Nutrition and Metabolism From the National Institutes of Health Celiac Disease (National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse) General/Overviews Celiac Disease (American Academy of Family Physicians) Celiac Disease Defined (Celiac Sprue Association) What is Celiac Disease? (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Diagnosis/Symptoms Celiac Disease: The Diagnosis (Celiac Sprue Association) Disease Management Drug Information Guide (Celiac Sprue Association) Nutrition Basics for the Gluten-Free Diet (Celiac Sprue Association) Digestive Diseases and Disorders: Nutrition and Cookbook Reviews (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Recipes for Getting Started (Celiac Sprue Association) Specific Conditions/Aspects Dermatitis Herpetiformis Defined (Celiac Sprue Association) Treatment Treatment of Celiac Disease (Celiac Sprue Association) Dictionaries/Glossaries Digestive Diseases Dictionary (National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse) Grains and Flours (Celiac Sprue Association) Directories Gastroenterologist Locator Service (American Gastroenterological Association) Organizations Celiac Disease Foundation Celiac Sprue Association CSA/USA On-line (Celiac Sprue Association)

12. MEDLINEplus Celiac Disease More Common In US Than Thought celiac disease More Common in US Than Thought. He added that earlydiagnosis of celiac disease can help reverse such conditions. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_11630.html

13. Advanced Search Detecting celiac disease in Your Patients. HAROLD celiac disease isa gluten enteropathy occurring in both children and adults. The http://www.aafp.org/afp/980301ap/pruessn.html

Advanced Search Articles Departments Patient Information Detecting Celiac Disease in Your Patients HAROLD T. PRUESSNER, M.D., University of Texas Medical School at Houston A patient information handout on celiac disease, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 1039. C eliac disease is a gluten enteropathy occurring in both children and adults. The condition is characterized by a sensitivity to gluten that results in inflammation and atrophy of the mucosa of the small intestine. Clinical manifestations include malabsorption with symptoms of diarrhea, steatorrhea, and nutritional and vitamin deficiencies. Secondary immunologic illnesses, such as atopic dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, alopecia and aphthous ulcers, may be the primary presentation. Prevalence The magnitude of the prevalence of celiac disease has only recently been recognized. A large multicenter study, promoted by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (ESPGAN) and involving 36 centers from 22 countries, has provided important information on the incidence of celiac disease. The average incidence was found to be one case in every 1,000 live births, with a range from one in 250 to one in 4,000. When the age of diagnosis was included in the incidence density of celiac disease, the predicted rate was one case in every 300 newborns. Among blood donors, the prevalence of asymptomatic celiac disease was found to be as high as one in 266.

14. Advanced Search American Family Physician GlutenSensitive Enteropathy (celiac disease)More Common Than You Think. DAVID A. NELSEN, JR., MD, MS http://www.aafp.org/afp/20021215/2259.html

Advanced Search Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy (Celiac Disease): More Common Than You Think DAVID A. NELSEN, JR., M.D., M.S., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas A patient information handout on celiac disease, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 2269. A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (8 pages / 222 KB). More information on using PDF files. A lthough celiac disease was formally described late in the 19th century, treatment remained empiric until the middle of the 20th century when patients were noted to improve dramatically after wheat was removed from their diet. With the development of small-bowel biopsy techniques, the small intestine was identified as the target organ. Disease causality was established when the characteristic features of villous flat tening, crypt hyperplasia, and increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (Figure 1) were shown to normalize after the institution of a gluten-free diet.

15. Gastroenterology - Celiac Disease In Children Brief outline of celiac (coeliac) disease aimed at health professionals.Category Health Child Health Digestive Disorders......celiac disease IN CHILDREN. celiac disease is an intolerance to certain cerealgrains causing small bowel villous atrophy and thus malabsorption. http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/peds/pidl/gi/celiac.htm

PIDL Home/ Contents Development Nutrition Acute Illness ... Psychosocial Gastroenterology CELIAC DISEASE IN CHILDREN Celiac disease is an intolerance to certain cereal grains causing small bowel villous atrophy and thus malabsorption. Specifically, the gliadin component of wheat, and the prolamin component of rye and barley are implicated in causing disease. The disease is found at different frequencies in different countries, and at different times within a given country. For example in Ireland in the 1960's and early 1970's, incidence was found to be 1:300; later studies in the same population showed an incidence of 1:1370. Incidence in Sweden has ranged from 1:6500 to 1:1300. There is a definite association with certain HLA types, especially HLA B8, DR3, DR7, and DQ2. Familial risk is approximately 2-3% in first degree relatives; 70% concordance is reported in monozygotic twins. Patients with Down's syndrome, known to be at higher risk for many autoimmune diseases, have also been reported to have a higher incidence of celiac disease (5% according to Castro et al, 1993) Symptoms suggesting celiac disease are: Apathy, irritability, pain, vomiting, chronic diarrhea, steatorrhea, abdominal distension, and failure to thrive.

16. Friends Of Celiac Disease Research, Inc. Information about the organization as well as the disease.Category Health Conditions and Diseases Associations......Friends of celiac disease Research, Inc. is a nonprofit charitable corporationdevoted to assisting people with celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. http://www.friendsofceliac.com/

Friends of Celiac Disease Research, Inc. is a non-profit charitable corporation devoted to assisting people with celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. Keywords: Atopic Dermatitis, Barley, Bloating, Cancer, Celiac Disease, Celiac Sprue, Chronic Digestive Disorder, Constipation, Cramps, Dermatitis Herpetiformis, Diarrhea, Digestive Problems, Failure to Grow, Fatigue, Food-Grain Antigens, Genetic Disorder, Gluten, Gluten-Free, Gluten Intolerance, Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy, Health, Intestinal Gas, Intestines, Irritability, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Lactose Intolerance, Malnutrition, Nausea, Non-Profit Organization, Nutrient Deficiencies, Oats, Osteoporosis, Protein, Reaction to Gluten, Rye, Thyroid Disorders, Villi, Vomiting, Weakness, Wheat, Wheat-Free

17. Celiac Disease The Celiac No Wheat Symbol Did You Say celiac disease? For an explanation aboutceliac disease go to this page. How do I Learn More about celiac disease? http://www.sfu.ca/~jfremont/celiac.html

The Celiac No Wheat Symbol Did You Say Celiac Disease? Celiac disease is a hypersensitivity to gluten which is a protein found in wheat, rye, barley and oats. For an explanation about celiac disease go to this page. How do I Learn More about Celiac Disease? How to get information about celiac disease and the gluten free diet. You Say Coeliac - I Say Celiac but I Really Need Links Then you're in luck. These celiac links sponsored by organizations, associations and individuals are loaded with information. I Have a Bare Cupboard - I Need Supplies You'll find links to companies supplying gluten free products here. Many sell by mail order and you can often order online. Please note that many are in the U.S. and prices are in those big American bucks. Nutrition for Everyone Nutrition Pros Food and Food Science Health and Medicine ... Software This Celiac Disease Webring site owned by Jean Fremont, RD Prev. 5 Sites Prev. Next ... List Sites Last update July 24, 2002

18. Celiac Disease Information Guide celiac disease Information Guide. (ii) It can be called celiac sprue,gluten sensitive enteropathy, coeliac disease, or celiac disease. http://www.enabling.org/ia/celiac/summary.html

Celiac Disease Information Guide (Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy) Celiac disease is a chronic disease in which there is a characteristic though not specific mucosal lesion of the small intestine that impairs nutrient absorption by involved bowel and prompt improvement of nutrient absorption and improvement of the characteristic intestinal mucosal lesion on withdrawal of wheat gliadin (the toxic alcohol-soluble gluten fractions) and the equivalent barley, rye, and oat prolamins from the diet. (i) Introduction Symptoms Blood Sample Screening Diagnosis ... Return to the Celiac WWW page. Introduction In the United States, estimates of this disorder are not available. (ii) It can be called celiac sprue, gluten sensitive enteropathy, coeliac disease, or celiac disease. Previously it was considered a children disease, while the similar disorder in adults was called non tropical sprue. For celiac disease to be active, the celiac must have the genetic potential to develop the disorder, there must be a source of gliadin in the diet, and there must have been a trigger factor. Exploring the genetic background, celiac disease may not be found, but disorders that are related to celiac disease through the immune system may be found. The associated diseases include a skin disorder, Dermatitis Herpetiformis; Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (type I); Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; Sjogren's Syndrome; Scleroderma, Grave's Disease; Addison Disease; Myasthenia Gravis; Autoimmune Chronic Active Hepatitis; and Erythematosus. (iii)

19. CELIAC DISEASE 94 celiac disease. DEFINITION excellent. 4. Diseases Associated with CeliacDisease. dermatitis herpetiformis; IDDM; selective IgA deficiency. http://www.icondata.com/health/pedbase/files/CELIACDI.HTM

Pediatric Database (PEDBASE) Discipline: GI Last Updated: 4/06/94 CELIAC DISEASE DEFINITION: A malabsorptive disorder characterized by a permanent gluten-sensitive enteropathy resulting in malabsorption, failure to thrive, and gastrointestinal manifestations. EPIDEMIOLOGY: incidence: 20/100,000 (declining with peak in early 70's) prevalence: 1/500-3000 age of onset: usually develops before age 2 risk factors: food - BROW (barley, rye, oats, wheat) geographic Western Ireland, Europe diet - decreased duration of breast feeding early introduction of gluten into diet immunologic HLA types: Class I antigen - HLA-B8 (60-90%) " II " - " -DQw2 (80-100%) " -DR3 or DR7 (70-80%) infection with adenovirus type 12 (homology between viral peptide and gliadin peptide) genetic monozygotic twins - 70% concordance first degree relatives: 10% prevalence rate of occult celiac disease 2-5% risk of developing overt " PATHOGENESIS: Gluten is the major form of stored protein in wheat and gliadin is a glycoprotein extract from gluten and this latter component is toxic to the small bowel mucosa of those with celiac disease. The pathophysiology of gliadin-induced damage to the mucosa is unknown but there are at least three hypotheses: 1. Toxic

20. University Of Chicago | Obesity/Weight Problems A description of celiac disease for patients, physicians, and other medical professionals.Category Health Conditions and Diseases Intestinal celiac disease......celiac disease. What is celiac disease? Because the body's own immune systemcauses the damage, celiac disease is considered an autoimmune disorder. http://gi.bsd.uchicago.edu/diseases/nutritional/celiac_disease.html

Diseases We Treat Colorectal and Other GI Cancers Inflammatory Bowel Disease Liver Disease ... Home Celiac Disease What is Celiac Disease? Celiac disease is a digestive disease that damages the small intestine and interferes with absorption of nutrients from food. People who have celiac disease cannot tolerate a protein called gluten, which is found in wheat, rye, barley, and possibly oats. When people with celiac disease eat foods containing gluten, their immune system responds by damaging the small intestine. Specifically, tiny fingerlike protrusions, called villi, on the lining of the small intestine are lost. Nutrients from food are absorbed into the bloodstream through these villi. Without villi, a person becomes malnourishedregardless of the quantity of food eaten. Because the body's own immune system causes the damage, celiac disease is considered an autoimmune disorder. However, it is also classified as a disease of malabsorption because nutrients are not absorbed. Celiac disease is also known as celiac sprue, nontropical sprue, and gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

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