21. Cancer.gov - Cervical Cancer Home Page cervical cancer Home Page, cervical cancer Treatment patients healthprofessionals . Angiogenesis Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cancer. http://www.cancer.gov/cancer_information/cancer_type/cervical/

Cervical Cancer Home Page Information about detection, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of cervical cancer. NIH Publication No. 95-2047 Full description of the NCI PDQ database Treatment Information about treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and vaccine therapy Cervical Cancer Treatment patients health professionals Angiogenesis Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cancer Digest Page: Angiogenesis Inhibitors ... Prevention, Genetics, Causes Information related to prevention, genetics, and risk factors Cervical Cancer Prevention patients health professionals DES (Diethylstilbestrol): Questions and Answers Human Papillomaviruses and Cancer ... Screening and Testing Information about methods of cancer detection including new imaging technologies, tumor markers, and biopsy procedures Cervical Cancer Screening patients health professionals New Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines Questions and Answers About the Pap Test ... More Information Clinical Trials Information on clinical trials and current news on trials and trial-related data Cervical Cancer Updates Search for Clinical Trials Cancer Literature New Cancer Literature Search Options Coming Soon!

22. National Cervical Cancer Public Education Campaign http://www.cervicalcancercampaign.org/home.htm

23. TriPath - Care Technologies Develops, manufactures and markets integrated sample preparation and automated image analysis system to support cytologists in cervical cancer screening. (Nasdaq TPTH). http://www.tripathimaging.com/

TriPath Imaging develops, manufactures, markets and sells proprietary products for cancer detection, diagnosis, staging, and treatment selection. TriPath Imaging is the only company to offer an automated solution for cervical cancer screening that integrates the collection, preparation, staining and computerized analysis of liquid-based, thin-layer preparations. TriPath Oncology, a wholly owned subsidiary of TriPath Imaging, Inc., develops molecular diagnostic and pharmacogenomic tests for malignant melanoma and cancer of the prostate, colon, breast, ovary and cervix. A real-time Webcast of TriPath Imaging's Fourth Quarter 2002 Results Conference Call will be held on Tuesday, January 28, 2003 beginning at 11:00 A.M. ET. Please Click Here to listen to the live webcast. TriPath Imaging Receives FDA Approval to Screen AutoCyte® PREP Thin-Layer Slide Preparations on the AutoPap® System. - Click Here Click Here A subsidiary of TriPath Imaging Inc., TriPath Oncology, with its collaboration between Becton, Dickinson and Company, and Millennium Pharmaceuticals Inc., will develop and commercialize molecular diagnostics and pharmacogenomic tests for malignant melanoma and cancer of the prostate, breast, ovary and cervix. For more information on this exciting business development. - Click Here Upcoming Events Feb. 14-16 - Florida Society of Pathology, Walt Disney World, Board Walk Resort, Orlando, FL

24. Alliance For Cervical Cancer Prevention Translate this page English Français Español. http://www.alliance-cxca.org/

English English

25. Irish Cervical Screening Programme New free smear test programme for women in the Mid Western Health Board Ireland area to prevent cervical cancer. http://www.icsp.ie

Home About Us Understanding Results Health Professionals ... Search Welcome to the Cervical Screening Programme This is the current information for Phase 1 of the Irish Cervical Screening Programme, which was officially launched on the 16th of October 2000 by Junior Minister Dr. Tom Moffatt.The Programme invites women aged 25-60 years in the Mid-Western Health Board area to Register with the Cervical Screening Programme. The Programme Office aims to ensure that women on the Register will be invited by letter to attend for a free smear test at least every five years. Cervical Screening is a worthwhile preventative health measure. Smear tests detect early changes in the neck of the womb; the earlier a change is found the easier it is to treat. Click here to read the Charter for Women This site is best viewed at 800 x 600 screen size, or larger. Irish Cervical Screening Programme Email: icsp@mwhb.ie

26. Alliance For Cervical Cancer Prevention Alliance for cervical cancer Prevention Health care providers in developingcountries regularly see women with advanced, incurable cervical cancer. http://www.alliance-cxca.org/english/

Home About the Alliance Work Publications ... Contact A South African woman is welcomed home by her family after successful treatment of her precancerous condition. Photo: Karina Turock C Health care providers in developing countries regularly see women with advanced, incurable cervical cancer. At this late stage, there is little they can do to save women's lives. Even drugs designed to ease cancer pain often are unavailable. Yet cervical cancer can be readily prevented, even in women at high risk for the disease, through screening and treatment using relatively simple technologies. When precancerous changes in cervical tissue are found and the abnormal tissue successfully treated, a woman will not develop cancer. In 1999, with generous support from the , five international agencies launched a major new effort to prevent cervical cancer worldwide. This group of organizations, the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention , is working to clarify, promote, and implement strategies for preventing cervical cancer in developing countries. For general information on cervical cancer, visit the

27. U-M Chemoprevention Research Group The group at the University of Michigan is dedicated to cancer prevention clinical trials, including esophageal, colon and cervical cancer preventative studies. http://www.med.umich.edu/fp/chemohome/chemohome.html

What is Chemoprevention? Who We Are Newsletters CARE Project What is Chemoprevention? Who We Are Newsletters CARE Project ... Cancer Prevention Links

28. MediSpectra, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts A medical device company developing proprietary optical detection technology for enhanced accuracy and realtime results in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. http://www.medispectra.com/

Directions to MediSpectra 45 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421 Tel: (781) 372-2300 Fax: (781) 674-0002 medispec@medispectra.com Home Company Detection Solution Articles ... Text only Site Map

29. Texas Department Of Health, Breast And Cervical Cancer Control Program Funded through the CDC, the Breast and cervical cancer Control Programprovides free mammograms and Pap Tests to eligible women in Texas. http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/bcccp/default.htm

text version About Us Bureau of Women's ... Treatment Act Send a greeting card to the women you love and remind them to get a breast examination and a mammogram! Questions? Email us at bcccpmail@exch.tdh.state.tx.us or send us a question here. Write us at: Texas Department of Health BCCCP 1100 West 49th Street Austin, Texas 78756 1-800-452-1955 (in Texas) or 512-458-7644 512-458-7650 (fax) To return to the site Click for Other Services Abstinence Adolescent Health Audiology Breastfeeding Initiative Case Management Child Wellness Children With Special Needs Dental Genetics Kidney Health Medical Transportation Newborn Screening Osteoporosis Public Health Nutrition Referral Info. School Health Home Take Time for Kids THSteps Traffic Safety Program WIC Women's Health You are visitor number since 12/16/97......... Last update 2/19/2003.

30. Planned Parenthood HPV and cervical cancer — Questions Answers. What is HPV? Does HPV causecervical cancer? How do I protect myself against cervical cancer? http://www.plannedparenthood.org/STI-SAFESEX/HPV.htm

31. Cytyc Corporation - Home Page Develops, manufactures and markets sample preparation systems for medical diagnostic applications such as the automated preparation of cervical cell specimens on microscope slides for use in cervical cancer screening. (Nasdaq CYTC). http://www.cytyc.com/

32. Cervical Cancer Treatment statement for Health professionals. cervical cancer. Get this documentvia a secure connection 13. Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer. http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/cancer.gov/CDR0000062759.html

Treatment statement for Health professionals Cervical Cancer Get this document via a secure connection General Information Cellular Classification Stage Information ... Recurrent Cervical Cancer General Information Note: Separate PDQ summaries on Screening for Cervical Cancer and Prevention of Cervical Cancer are also available. The prognosis for patients with cervical cancer is markedly affected by the extent of disease at the time of diagnosis. Because a vast majority (greater than 90%) of these cases can and should be detected early through the use of the Pap smear, [ ] the current death rate is far higher than it should be and reflects that, even today, Pap smears are not done on approximately one third of eligible women. Among the major factors that influence prognosis are stage, volume and grade of tumor, histologic type, lymphatic spread, and vascular invasion. In a large surgicopathologic staging study of patients with clinical stage IB disease reported by the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG), the factors that predicted most prominently for lymph node metastases and a decrease in disease-free survival were capillary-lymphatic space involvement by tumor, increasing tumor size, and increasing depth of stromal invasion with the latter being most important and reproducible. [ ] In a study of 1,028 patients treated with radical surgery, survival rates correlated more consistently with tumor volume (as determined by precise volumetry of the tumor) than clinical or histologic stage. [

33. Pap Test Awareness Week 2001 Discusses program news, structure, brochures, information, cervical cancer, and Nova Scotia Well Women's clinics. http://is.dal.ca/~gynonc/nsgcsp.html

"Atlantic Canada has the highest rate of cervical cancer in the country. The good news is that regular Pap tests can prevent cervical cancer." - Cathy Jones www.nsgcsp.org Nova Scotia Gynaecological Cancer Screening Programme

34. Cervical Cancer - WomensHealthChannel An in depth look at cervical cancer, including the statistics.Category Health Conditions and Diseases Gynecologic Cervical......cervical cancer is the sixth most common cancer in women in the United States andthe most common cancer in women in many economically underdeveloped countries http://www.womenshealthchannel.com/cervicalcancer/index.shtml

Home Search SiteMap Ask the Dr. ... Medical Store advertisement advertisement CERVICAL CANCER Overview Causes/Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment ... Prevention CONDITIONS Back Pain Bladder Control Problems Breast Cancer Bunions Cervical Cancer Cervical Dysplasia ... Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding Eating Disorders Endometrial Cancer Endometriosis Epilepsy ... Female Sexual Dysfunction Fibromyalgia Headache Heart Disease Incontinence ... Urinary Tract Infections VBAC Yeast Infection RESOURCES Clinical Trials HealthProfiler Links Videos Overview Cervical cancer develops in the lining of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus (womb) that enters the vagina (birth canal). This condition usually develops over time. Normal cervical cells may gradually undergo changes to become precancerous and then cancerous. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) is the term used to describe these abnormal changes. CIN is classified according to the degree of cell abnormality. Low-grade CIN indicates a minimal change in the cells and high-grade CIN indicates a greater degree of abnormality. CIN may progress to squamous intraepithelial lesion ( SIL ; condition that precedes cervical cancer) or to carcinoma in situ (cancer that does not extend beyond the epithelial membrane). SIL is also classified as low-grade or high-grade. High-grade SIL and carcinoma in situ may progress to

35. Cervical Cancer cervical cancer Prevention. RHO cervical cancer Prevention. Overview/LessonsLearned. Key Issues. Annotated Bibliography. Links. cervical cancer Prevention. http://www.rho.org/html/cxca.htm

@import url(rho-styles.css); This page displays best on browsers supporting current Web standards, but all content is viewable through any Web device. Cervical Cancer Prevention RHO: Cervical Cancer Prevention Overview/Lessons Learned Key Issues Annotated Bibliography Links ... Presentations Download a PDF version of this section. Spanish edition Cervical cancer is an important women's reproductive health problem, especially in developing countries where an estimated 190,000 women die from the disease each year. Unlike many cancers, cervical cancer can be prevented. This section of RHO provides information on cervical cancer, with a focus on women in developing countries and prevention of cancer through identification and treatment of precancerous lesions, not on treatment of invasive disease. The Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention was launched in 1999 by EngenderHealth (formerly AVSC International), IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer), JHPIEGO Corporation, PAHO (Pan American Health Organization), and PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health). The five-year project, supported by the will support programs to clarify, promote and implement strategies for preventing cervical cancer in developing countries.

36. Cancer Clinical Services Quality Assurance Project | Breast Cancer - Professiona Explains the Quality Assurance Project whose goal is to improve breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic services for California women. http://qap.sdsu.edu/

//Top Nav Bar I v2- By Constantin Kuznetsov Jr. (script@esolutiononline.com) //Modified by Dynamic Drive for NS6/Opera6 compatibility and code streamlining March 4th, 2002 //Visit http://www.dynamicdrive.com for this script var keepstatic=0 //specify whether menu should stay static (works only in IE4+) var menucolor="#993366" //specify menu color var submenucolor="#993366" //specify menu color var submenuwidth=100 //specify sub menus' color Coming Soon to this Website... Breast Cancer Review Free Breast Exams and Mammograms for women 40 or older who qualify Early Detection Saves Lives! a breast cancer education resource for health professionals We welcome your comments related to current and future site content. Please send your comments to qap@projects.sdsu.edu Website designed and maintained by Elissa Ellis-MacLeod, MA About the QAP Breast Diagnostic Algorithms Breast Cancer Review ... Links

37. Cervical Cancer: Program Examples Top of page. Chile. cervical cancer is one of the leading causes ofmortality in women over 35. Individuals cervical cancer Prevention. http://www.rho.org/html/cxca_progexamples.htm

@import url(rho-styles.css); This page displays best on browsers supporting current Web standards, but all content is viewable through any Web device. Program Examples The cervical cancer programs in developing countries listed below illustrate some of the strategies developed to overcome obstacles and what has been learned from program experience. Submit your own Program Example Chile: Challenges and lessons learned from a cervical cancer screening and treatment program. Colombia: Challenges and lessons learned from a nationwide cervical cancer control program. Costa Rica: Research project investigating the role of HPV infection and its cofactors in the etiology of high-grade cervical neoplasia. India: A cervical cancer screening project effectively using a network of community resources. Kenya: Barriers and successes encountered in a cervical cancer control project. South Africa: Challenges to a nationwide screening project and recommendations to improve cervical cancer screening. Thailand: Using mobile units to improve cervical cancer screening among rural women. Vietnam: Assessing the cost-effectiveness of a 5-year interval Pap screening program.

38. Texas Department Of Health, Breast And Cervical Cancer Control Program Program provides free mammograms and pap tests to income eligible women in Texas. http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/bcccp

text version About Us Bureau of Women's ... Treatment Act Send a greeting card to the women you love and remind them to get a breast examination and a mammogram! Questions? Email us at bcccpmail@exch.tdh.state.tx.us or send us a question here. Write us at: Texas Department of Health BCCCP 1100 West 49th Street Austin, Texas 78756 1-800-452-1955 (in Texas) or 512-458-7644 512-458-7650 (fax) To return to the site Click for Other Services Abstinence Adolescent Health Audiology Breastfeeding Initiative Case Management Child Wellness Children With Special Needs Dental Genetics Kidney Health Medical Transportation Newborn Screening Osteoporosis Public Health Nutrition Referral Info. School Health Home Take Time for Kids THSteps Traffic Safety Program WIC Women's Health You are visitor number since 12/16/97......... Last update 2/19/2003.

39. CDC | Breast And Cervical Cancer | Cervical Cancer And Asian And Pacific Islande Features an overview of current research on outreach and intervention strategies to prevent cervical cancer among Cambodian women. Conducted by the Cancer Prevention and Control arm of the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (CDC). http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/nbccedp/cc-strategies/cambodian.htm

National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Cancer Home About Us Events Site Map ... Contact Us Breast and Cervical Cancer Contents Home About the Program What's New Treatment Act Information ... Visitor Survey Topic Areas Breast/ Cervical Cancer Cancer Registries/ Surveillance Colorectal Cancer Comprehensive Cancer Control ... Specific Population Cervical Cancer and Asian and Pacific Islander Populations Cambodian American Women Factors that may lead to being never or rarely screened Knowledge, Attitude, and Belief Barriers Language: little to no English proficiency Low literacy in Khmer, official language of Cambodia Lack of familiarity with preventive health concepts Having a traditional Cambodian orientation to health Shyness of Pap smear test procedures Belief in karma or fate Perception that Cambodian women do not get cancer (particularly if traditional postpartum practices have been observed) Belief that only symptomatic, premenopausal, sexually active women are at risk for disease Fear of having cancer technical equipment large medical center individual appointments Lack of knowledge about the American system External and Other Barriers Access to health care No health insurance No regular health care provider Lack of female physicians Logistical issues Problems with appointment scheduling Lack of transportation Lack of childcare Lack of medical interpreters Lack of culturally appropriate health education materials Factors that may lead to increased screening:

40. Latest Cervical Cancer Treatments Provides information, clinical trials and reviews for medical professionals as well as lay persons. http://www.cancergroup.com/em14.html

C ERVICAL C ANCER What is the Cervix? "Pap" smear, to look for cancerous cells, and it can be seen by a doctor performing a pelvic examination. What is Cervical Cancer? Normally the cervix has stopped growing by puberty, but it's cells will continue to divide to replace those that die of injury or old age. While some division of cervical cells to replace old or injured ones is normal, it is a tightly controlled process. Sometimes a abnormal cell may arise which divides out of control. This will then form a tumor . A tumor is simply a swelling, and does not necessarily mean cancer (obviously most swellings are not cancerous). If a tumor only grows in it's local area, it is called "benign" and is not cancer. If, however, it has the capability to spread to other areas of the body, then it is called "malignant" and is cancer. Cervical cancer starts in just one single cell , but this cell quickly divides to form many similar cancer cells, which each continue to grow. Eventually, if not cured, these cells push the normal cells out of the way, grow a large tumor, and spread to other body areas to ultimately kill the patient. Cervical cancer kills by anemia, infection, blockage of kidney drainage ("uremia") and general disability. How Common is Cervical Cancer?

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