21. Coccidioidomycosis coccidioidomycosis A 20year-old Mexican immigrant with recurrent hemoptysis anda pulmonary cavitary lesion Edward A. Nardell, George Kucyj The New England http://www.edae.gr/coccidioidomycosis.html

HELLENIC ASSOCIATION DERMATOLOGY - VENEREOLOGY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS A 20-year-old Mexican immigrant with recurrent hemoptysis and a pulmonary cavitary lesion Edward A. Nardell, George Kucyj The New England Journal of Medicine May 26, 1994 Vol. 330, No. 21 Activity of the triazole SCH 56592 against disseminated murine coccidioidomycosis. JE Lutz, KV Clemons, BH Aristizabal, and DA Stevens. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1997 41: 1558-1561. Activity of the triazole SCH51048 (SCH) against coccidioides immitis in vitro and in vivo. Clemons KV; Homola ME; Stevens DA; Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Oct 4-7;:254. "The AIDS Knowledge Base" Acute Pulmonary Infection "The AIDS Knowledge Base" AIDSline Coccidioidomycosis Articles AEGIS An unusual case of coccidioidomycosis. MA Smith, AE Anderson, and K Kostroff. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1994 32: 1063-1064. An arthroconidial-spherule antigen of Coccidioides immitis: differential expression during in vitro fungal development and evidence for humoral response in humans after infection or vaccination. Galgiani JN; Sun SH; Dugger KO; Ampel NM; Grace GG; Harrison J; Wieden MA. Infect Immun. 1992 Jul;60(7):2627-35. "The AIDS Knowledge Base" Arthrospores of Coccidioides Brain, basilar meningitis, gross dissection

22. COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS (Valley Fever) coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever). What is coccidioidomycosis? Disseminated coccidioidomycosisis the most severe form of the disease and is often fatal. http://health.utah.gov/els/epidemiology/epifacts/cocci.html

COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS (Valley fever) What is coccidioidomycosis? Coccidioidomycosis is an infectious disease caused by inhaling spores of a fungus called Coccidioides immitis . The disease starts out as a respiratory illness and may progress to a persistent infection. Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is the most severe form of the disease and is often fatal. Who gets coccidioidomycosis? Anyone who is present near dust-producing activities where soil or other materials contaminated with C. immitis are present can get coccidioidomycosis if enough spores are inhaled. People of African or Asian descent, pregnant women and people who are immunocompromised are at increased risk for developing disseminated coccidioidomycosis. C. immitis grows in arid (dry) and semiarid areas of the Western Hemisphere. In the United States, this range extends from California to southern Texas, and includes parts of Utah. How is coccidioidomycosis spread? Coccidioidomycosis is not contagious; it cannot be transmitted from an infected person or animal to someone else. People are infected with C. immitis

23. 1Up Health > Coccidioidomycosis > Causes, Incidence, And Risk Factors Of Coccidi Comprehesive information on coccidioidomycosis (Coccidiosis, San JoaquinValley Fever). coccidioidomycosis Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors. http://www.1uphealth.com/health/coccidioidomycosis_info.html

1Up Health Coccidioidomycosis Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Coccidioidomycosis Information Coccidioidomycosis Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Alternative names : Coccidiosis, San Joaquin Valley Fever Definition : Coccidiodomycosis is a disease caused by the spores of the fungus, Coccidioides immitis Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Infection is caused by inhalation of the spores of the fungus, Coccidioides immitis , which is often found in desert regions. About 60% of infections cause no symptoms and are only recognized later by a positive coccidioidin skin test In the remaining 40% of cases, symptoms range from mild to severe. People with a compromised immune system tend to have more serious infections. Individuals with AIDS are at higher risk for pulmonary (lung) coccidioidomycosis, as well as for the disseminated (spread to many body systems) and cutaneous (skin) forms of the disease. The disease can have an acute chronic , or disseminated form. Acute pulmonary coccidioidomycosis is almost always mild, with few or no symptoms, and resolves without treatment. The incubation period is 7 to 21 days. The incidence of acute coccidioidomycosis is rare. In any given year, about 3% of people who live in an area where coccidiomycosis is commonly seen will develop the disease.

24. 1Up Health > Coccidioidomycosis - Disseminated > Causes, Incidence, And Risk Fac Comprehesive information on coccidioidomycosis disseminated (Systemiccoccidioidomycosis). Covers info such as , alternative names http://www.1uphealth.com/health/coccidioidomycosis_disseminated_info.html

1Up Health Coccidioidomycosis - disseminated Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Coccidioidomycosis - disseminated Information Coccidioidomycosis - disseminated Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Alternative names : Systemic coccidioidomycosis Definition : A disease caused by breathing in a fungus (Coccidioides immitis) found in the soil in certain parts of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central and South America that spreads through the bloodstream to involve many organs. Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors This is caused by breathing in the spores of a fungus in desert regions. About 60% of acute infections cause no symptoms and are only recognized by a positive coccidioidin skin test . In the remaining 40%, symptoms range from mild to severe. In disseminated disease, extension of infection to the bones, lungs, liver, meninges, brain, skin, heart, and pericardium (sac around the heart) may take place. Meningitis occurs in 30% to 50% of cases of disseminated disease. Immunodeficient ( immunosuppressed ) people, including those with

25. Coccidioidomycosis MediFocus™ Guide coccidioidomycosis. 15. The Medifocus Guide on coccidioidomycosisprovides answers to the following important questions and medical issues http://www.yourbargainsite.com/med/Coccidioidomycosis.html

MediFocus™ Guide Coccidioidomycosis The Medifocus Guide on Coccidioidomycosis provides answers to the following important questions and medical issues: What are the most common symptoms of coccidioidomycosis? Are there any recognized risk factors for developing coccidioidomycosis? What kinds of medical tests are used to establish the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis? What is the current standard of care for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis? What treatment options are available for the management of coccidioidomycosis? Are there any promising new developments or potential breakthroughs in treatment? Who are the most notable medical authorities who specialize in coccidioidomycosis? Where are the leading hospitals and centers of research for coccidioidomycosis? What are the most important questions to ask my doctor about coccidioidomycosis? At Medifocus.com

26. MedWebPlus Web Site ID 4158 AIDS Knowledge Base coccidioidomycosis. http//hivinsite.ucsf.edu/akb/current/06cocci/Uptime grade A. Usage grade Popularity N/A. http://www.medwebplus.com/obj/4158

27. MedWebPlus Web Site ID 179 AEGIS coccidioidomycosis. http//www.aegis.com/topics/oi/oicoccidioidomycosis.htmlUptime grade A. Usage grade Popularity N/A. http://www.medwebplus.com/obj/179

28. (Veterinary Bacteriology And Mycology At The UW Madison) coccidioidomycosis. Caused by Coccidioides immitis - Endemic inSouthwestern United States - San Juaquin Valley Valley fever http://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/students/vetmycology/cocci.html

Lecture Slides Actinomycetales Antifungal Drugs Aspergillus Blastomycosis ... Zygomycosis Coccidioidomycosis - Caused by Coccidioides immitis - Endemic in Southwestern United States - San Juaquin Valley "Valley fever" - Phoenix "desert fever" - Probably most virulent fungal pathogen - Dimorphic - Grows as hyphae, arthrospores in sandy soil - Grows as spherules, endospores in tissue Historical Perspective - First fungal pathogen recognized as dimorphic - Posadas and Wernicke Protozoan? Distribution of C. immitis Primarily in Lower Sonoran Life Zone - Semi-arid - alternating wet and dry seasons - Hot summers, cool winters Ecological Niche - Sandy alkaline soil - Inhabits rodent burrows Endemic areas - Parts of AZ, CA, TX - Cases in Wisconsin - How? Coccidiodomycosis Most common in dogs - Breed susceptibility )Boxers, Dobermans)? - Initial pulmonary infection - disseminates to long bones (legs) and elsewhere Other animal species Human disease - Infection common in endemic areas - mild respiratory disease, rash, arthralgia, skin test + - Associated with desert activity - excavation Pathogenesis - Arthrospores inhaled - Germinate into spherules in lung - Spherules cleave internally into endospores Granulomatous inflammation - Macrophages, lymphocytes

29. Untitled Document coccidioidomycosis. Introduction. Etiologic 2001. The incidence of coccidioidomycosisin people has increased markedly since 1998 in Arizona. http://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/pbs/zoonoses/Systemic mycoses/cocciintro.html

Coccidioidomycosis Introduction Etiologic agent = Coccidioides immitis Geographic distribution: The geographic distribution of this fungus is significantly different than that of Blastomyces and Histoplasma Coccidioides is restricted to the "Lower Sonoran Life Zone" (semi-arid, alkaline soils) of the southwestern U.S. However, the pathogenesis is similar to blastomycosis and histoplasmosis in that infection follows inhalation of fungal elements (arthroconidia) from the soil. Infections may be associated with activities that disrupt the soil or create dust, as exemplified by outbreaks among persons attending a model plane flying competition in California in 2001 and workers at an archeologic site in Utah in 2001. The incidence of coccidioidomycosis in people has increased markedly since 1998 in Arizona. This seems to be related to climatic factors (prolonged drought periods with hot and dusty conditions). Primary pulmonary infection occurs and, if the immune system cannot contain the infection at this level (either because of compromise or a large inoculum), then systemic disease can occur. However, COCCIDIOIDES IMMITIS INFECTIONS IN DOGS, CATS AND PEOPLE ARE OFTEN SUBCLINICAL!

30. Coccidioidomycosis, Paracoccidioidomycosis And Blastomycosis In coccidioidomycosis, Paracoccidioidomycosis and Blastomycosis in the Setting ofHIV Infection. References. 1. Bronnimann DA, Galgiani JN. coccidioidomycosis. http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite.jsp?doc=kb-05-02-04

31. Coccidioidomycosis Pathogenic Fungi Database (PFDB). coccidioidomycosis. Please link to Home! 25.jpg768x51225.jpg1536x1024. (M. Okudaira Prof.Dr.Jan Schwarz, Cincinnati). http://timm.main.teikyo-u.ac.jp/pfdb/diseases/Coccidioidomycosis.html

Home Japanese Cover English Cover Pathogenic Fungi Database (PFDB) Coccidioidomycosis Please link to Home M. Okudaira M. Okudaira M. Okudaira ... English Cover Pathogenic Fungi Database Koichi MAKIMURA Created: 2000.01.07, Updated: 2001.06.24

32. LlamaResource.com - Story Display coccidioidomycosis 5/1/1991 Written by Sharon E. DaDalt Author Info? Thereis no known cure for coccidioidomycosis in a llama. http://www.llamaresource.com/LR/LR.StorySpecific.asp?code=247

33. Coccidioidomycosis -- Arizona, 1990-1995 coccidioidomycosis Arizona, 19901995. MMWR 45(49);1069-1073. Publication date12/13/1996. References Pappagianis D. Epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis. http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/m0044697/m0044697.asp

CDC WONDER CDC WONDER Home Utilities Help Contact Us Coccidioidomycosis Arizona, 1990-1995 MMWR 45(49);1069-1073 Publication date: 12/13/1996 Table of Contents Article Editorial Note References POINT OF CONTACT FOR THIS DOCUMENT: Figures Number of reported cases of coccidiodomycosis, by year ... Mean annual incidence rate of coccidiodomycosis, by age group ... Article Coccidioidomycosis is a systemic infection caused by the inhalation of airborne arthroconidia from Coccidioides immitis, a soil-dwelling fungus found in the southwestern United States, parts of Mexico, and Central and South America (1). Clinical manifestations occur in approximately 40% of infected persons and may include mild influenza-like illness; severe pneumonia; and rarely, disseminated disease and death (2). During 1990-1995, the number of reported cases of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona increased by 144%. To characterize trends in and the impact of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) analyzed surveillance, death-certificate, and hospital discharge data. This report summarizes the findings, which indicate that, during 1990-1995, coccidioidomycosis in Arizona disproportionately affected persons aged greater than or equal to 65 years and persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Surveillance Surveillance data were compiled from the ADHS' General Communicable Disease Reporting System. In 1994, ADHS adopted the surveillance case definition for coccidioidomycosis proposed by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, which requires the presence of clinically compatible symptoms and laboratory evidence of infection * (3). Before 1994, ADHS relied solely on physician diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis and did not require laboratory confirmation. Incidence rates were calculated using 1990 census data adjusted to reflect Arizona's estimated annual population growth.

34. Coccidioidomycosis Medical Advocates for Social Justice. coccidioidomycosis. coccidioidomycosismeningitis and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. http://www.medadvocates.org/opportunistic/coccidioidomycosis/main.html

Medical Advocates for Social Justice Coccidioidomycosis Main Page New/Noteworthy Drugs Guidelines HIV Systemic Studies ... Home Page Last Update: February 19, 2003 Files identified with this icon are in Portable Document Format (PDF) and require the Adobe Acrobat Reader 5 Some files may take a few minutes to download. New and Noteworthy February 2003 November 2002 September 2002 February 2003 Relapse of coccidioidomycosis despite immune reconstitution after fluconazole secondary prophylaxis in a patient with AIDS. Mathew G, Smedema M, Wheat LJ, Goldman M. Mycose s 2003 Feb;46(1-2):42-44 November 2002 Fungal infections among returning travelers. Panackal AA, Hajjeh RA, Cetron MS, Warnock DW Clin Infect Dis 2002 Nov 1;35(9):1088-95 September 2002 Coccidioidomycosis meningitis and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Webb M, Ziauddin A, Okusa MD. Am J Med Sci 2002 Sep;324(3):155-7 Coccidioidomycosis outbreak among United States Navy SEALs training in a Coccidioides immitis-endemic area-Coalinga, California. Crum N, Lamb C, Utz G, Amundson D, et al. Infect Dis 2002 Sep 15;186(6):865-8

35. Coccidioidomycosis coccidioidomycosis up. Related topics Valley fever (coccidioidomycosis),Information about valley fever or coccidioidomycosis, which http://omni.ac.uk/browse/mesh/detail/C0009186L0009186.html

Coccidioidomycosis [up] Related topics: other Candidiasis Dermatomycoses Lung Diseases, Fungal Valley fever (Coccidioidomycosis) Information about valley fever or Coccidioidomycosis, which is a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The site provides a description of valley fever, symptoms, risks, diagnosis and treatment, and valley fever in dogs. The information is directed at the public. Published on the web by the Arizona Research Laboratories Valley Fever Center For Excellence. Coccidioidomycosis Lung Diseases, Fungal Patient Education Last modified 28/Mar/2003 [Low Graphics]

36. Dorlands Medical Dictionary In soil it grows as a mycelium with arthrospores; in tissue as a spherulewith endospores. C. im¢mitis causes coccidioidomycosis. http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszS

37. Coccidioidomycosis coccidioidomycosis (Fungal Infections). Internet Resources Suggested Reading MaterialHarrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, Isselbacher, 1994; pg. http://www.ruralfamilymedicine.org/clinical topics/zoonoses/coccidio.htm

COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS (Fungal Infections) Internet Resources: Suggested Reading Material Return to: fungal infections clinical topics home page Comments to: rfd@adams.net

38. Coccidioidomycosis From Pediatrics / Infectious Diseases coccidioidomycosis Coccidioides immitis is a dimorphic fungus endemic in the soilof the southwestern US and some areas of Mexico, Central America, and South http://author.emedicine.com/PED/topic423.htm

eMedicine Journal Pediatrics Infectious Diseases Coccidioidomycosis Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: San Joaquin fever, valley fever Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 12 Authored by Michele M Cheung, MD , Fellow, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of California at San Francisco Coauthored by Peggy Weintrub, MD , Chief, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Clinical Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of California at San Francisco Michele M Cheung, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics Infectious Diseases Society of America , and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Edited by Itzhak Brook, MD, MSc , Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine; Robert Konop, PharmD , Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota; Mark R Schleiss, MD , Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati and Children's Hospital Research Foundation;

39. Health Ency.: Disease: Coccidioidomycosis coccidioidomycosis See images. Acute pulmonary coccidioidomycosis is almostalways mild, with few or no symptoms, and resolves without treatment. http://www.austin360.com/shared/health/adam/ency/article/001322.html

SEARCH: The Web Yellow Pages HOME Illustrated Health Encyclopedia Important notice Ency. home Disease C Coccidioidomycosis See images Overview Symptoms Treatment ... Prevention Alternative names: Coccidiosis; San Joaquin Valley Fever Definition: Coccidioidomycosis is a disease caused by breathing in spores of a fungus (Coccidioides immitis) found in soil in desert regions of the southwestern U.S., Mexico, and Central and South America. It usually affects the lungs, but can spread elsewhere in the body. Causes and Risks Infection is caused by breathing in spores of the fungus, Coccidioides immitis, found in desert regions. About 60% of infections cause no symptoms and are only recognized later by a positive coccidioidin skin test In the remaining 40% symptoms range from mild to severe. People with a compromised immune system tend to have more serious infections. Individuals with AIDS are at higher risk for pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, and the disseminated and cutaneous forms of the disease. The disease can have an acute chronic , or disseminated form. Acute pulmonary coccidioidomycosis is almost always mild, with few or no symptoms, and resolves without treatment. The incubation period is 7 to 21days. The incidence of acute coccidioidomycosis is rare. In any given year, about 3% of people who live in an area where coccidiomycosis is commonly seen will develop the disease.

40. Health Ency.: Disease: Coccidioidomycosis - Disseminated coccidioidomycosis disseminated See images. Alternative names Systemiccoccidioidomycosis. Definition A disease caused by breathing http://www.austin360.com/shared/health/adam/ency/article/000095.html

SEARCH: The Web Yellow Pages HOME Illustrated Health Encyclopedia Important notice Ency. home Disease C Coccidioidomycosis - disseminated See images Overview Symptoms Treatment ... Prevention Alternative names: Systemic coccidioidomycosis Definition: A disease caused by breathing in a fungus (Coccidioides immitis) found in the soil in certain parts of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central and South America that spreads through the bloodstream to involve many organs. Causes and Risks This is caused by breathing in the spores of a fungus in desert regions. About 60% of acute infections cause no symptoms and are only recognized by a positive coccidioidin skin test . In the remaining 40%, symptoms range from mild to severe. In disseminated disease, extension of infection to the bones, lungs, liver, meninges, brain, skin, heart, and pericardium (sac around the heart) may take place. Meningitis occurs in 30% to 50% of cases of disseminated disease. Immunodeficient ( immunosuppressed ) people, including those with HIV infection , diabetics, and pregnant women of any race are more prone to dissemination. Recent travel to or residence in southwestern deserts of the United States is a risk factor.

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