41. Diabetic Retinopathy - Visionchannel diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus in which longterm exposureto high glucose levels in the blood has damaged retinal blood vessels. http://www.visionchannel.net/diabeticretinopathy/

Home Search SiteMap Ask the Dr. ... Medical Store advertisement Diabetic Retinopathy Overview Risk Diagnosis Treatment CONDITIONS Amblyopia (lazy eye) Blepharitis Cataracts Color Vision Deficiency ... Refractive Errors Correction Retinal Detachment Retinitis Pigmentosa Retinopathy of Prematurity Skin Cancer of the Eyelids Tear Duct Obstruction INTERACT VisionForum Links Clinical Trials ABOUT US Healthcommunities.com Pressroom Bibliography Overview Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus in which long-term exposure to high glucose levels in the blood has damaged retinal blood vessels. This results in new growth of abnormal blood vessels, fluid buildup in the macula (i.e., macular edema), inadequate blood supply to the retina, and possibly blood and fluid leakage into the retina and the vitreous body. Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in the United States. When diagnosed early in the course of the disease, diabetic retinopathy can be effectively managed. Annual eye examinations are essential in diabetic care to prevent permanently impaired or lost vision. Stages Diabetic retinopathy develops in two stages: nonproliferative and proliferative. Not all patients with nonproliferative retinopathy advance to the proliferative stage, but the more severe the condition, the more likely it will become proliferative.

42. Gladys Knight Raises Awareness Of Diabetic Retinopathy Like nearly 5.5 million other adults in the US, Elizabeth had diabetic retinopathy,a sightthreatening complication of diabetes that can cause blindness. http://www.preventblindness.org/news/releases/dr1102.html

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE January 1, 2003 FOR INFORMATION CALL Betsy van Die 800/331-2020 ext. 322 SINGS PRAISES OF EARLY DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES Schaumburg, IL - Gladys Knight doesn't have diabetes, but the disease is as close to her heart as the memories of her mother, Elizabeth Knight, who died of complications from the disease in 1997. A five-time Grammy award winner, Knight is as busy as ever gracing the entertainment world with her exceptional voice. Yet she never misses an opportunity to voice the message of early detection and treatment of diabetes. Like nearly 5.5 million other adults in the U.S., Elizabeth had diabetic retinopathy, a sight-threatening complication of diabetes that can cause blindness. "I remember my mother being at one of my performances. She came backstage and shed a tear saying, 'Gladys, I can't see you anymore on stage, baby'," said Knight. Elizabeth eventually became legally blind in both eyes, as do approximately 25,000 Americans every year. According to Prevent Blindness America (PBA), the longer one has the disease, the greater the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. "My mom went to the eye doctor every year and was on top of her health as far as nutrition and exercise," said Knight. PBA recommends an annual dilated eye exam for people with diabetes. While diabetic retinopathy is not avoidable, management of the disease and treatment options can help reduce the risk of sight loss. Like many others with diabetic retinopathy, Elizabeth had laser treatment called photocoagulation, a procedure that helps control the growth of leaking blood vessels in the retina.

43. Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Trust : Diabetic Retinopathy Eye Health diabetic retinopathy, generate a printable page printablepage. diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes is a common disease and http://www.moorfields.co.uk/EyeHealth/DiabeticRetinopathy

Home Eye Health For Patients For Health Professionals ... Squint (strabismus) Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis Treatment Retinopathy facts Common Questions ... Eye Health Diabetic Retinopathy printable page Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetes is a common disease and has important implications for the short term and long term health of sufferers. This section will tell you more about diabetes and how it affects the eye. Effects of diabetes Fluctuations in blood sugar can cause changes in the focussing of the crystalline lens within the eye and cause temporary visual blurring, particularly if diabetic control is poor. Diabetes can also cause cataracts in young people, or accelerate the development of cataract in older people. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the commonest causes of blindness in the UK in people between the ages of 30-65, and 12% of people who are registered blind and partially sighted each year have diabetic eye disease. At any one time up to 10% of people with diabetes will have retinopathy requiring medical follow up or treatment. Diabetes can also affect other organs, and the presence and severity of retinopathy may be an indicator of increased risk of other complications of diabetes such as ischaemic heart disease, kidney disease, or diabetic neuropathy (which contributes to male impotence, and diabetic foot disease).

44. Novartis Ophthalmics GLOBAL diabetic retinopathy, Diabetes and the Eyes diabetic retinopathy is the most seriouseye problem associated with diabetes. How is diabetic retinopathy treated? http://www.novartisophthalmics.com/consumers/diabetes.html

var curpage=7 var subpage=0 // USED FOR SECOND TIER NAVIGATION HOME Consumers Eye Conditions : Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetes and the Eyes What is retinopathy? How is diabetic retinopathy treated? Are there risk factors for developing retinopathy? ... How can diabetes-related eye problems be prevented? Diabetes and the Eyes Diabetic retinopathy is the most serious eye problem associated with diabetes. Diabetes, a disease that causes too much sugar to enter your bloodstream, can affect your eyes and your vision. Fluctuating or blurring of vision, occasional double vision, loss of peripheral vision and flashes and floaters within the eyes may be symptoms related to diabetes. Sometimes the early signs of diabetes are detected during a thorough eye examination before the patient is aware of any problems. Diabetes can cause changes in nearsightedness and farsightedness and lead to premature presbyopia (the inability to focus on close objects). It can result in cataracts, glaucoma, a lack of eye muscle coordination (strabismus) and decreased corneal sensitivity. The most serious eye problem associated with diabetes is diabetic retinopathy, which, if not controlled, can lead to blindness. What is retinopathy?

45. Diabetic Retinopathy Click here for latest information on treating diabetic retinopathyand agerelated macular degeneration. diabetic retinopathy. The http://www.schepens.com/Diabeticretopathy.htm

Schepens Retina Associates Foundation International Vitreoretinal Consultants The Retina and Surgical Treatments Diseases and Disorders of the Retina Innovation / Experience and Research / Training Clinical Studies ... Click here for latest information on treating diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration Diabetic Retinopathy The Schepens Retina Associates have evaluated and/or treated over 40,000 patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the past 50 years. Among the more than 10 million people in the United states who have or will develop diabetes, over half will ultimately have some degree of visual loss. However, with an optimal combination of medical, laser, and surgical treatments, over 90% can avoid blindness that results from the breakdown of the unique, miraculous environment inside the eye that supports the total transparency permitting one to see a star in the sky or a mere point on the horizon. Production of Retinal Damage. A cascade of subtle changes that occur in the blood vessel walls, the blood itself, and the very special structures in the retina lead to swelling of the central retinal tissue (macular edema) that blurs the vision of millions of diabetics. More severe prolonged abnormalities will lead to development of abnormal weak blood vessels that can rupture or be the scaffold for scar tissue. Dense blood clots in the central cavity (vitreous gel) of the eye or retinal detachment from traction of scar tissue can lead to profound visual loss or total blindness. Significant retinal changes can occur before any visual changes are noted by the patient, so an annual ophthalmic eye exam has been recommended by the Federal Center for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta. Blurring of vision, increased trouble with glare and an onset of "floaters" may be evidence of beginning visual problems.

46. In Their Years In Practice This is especially helpful in diagnosing and treating conditions such as diabeticretinopathy, vascular occlusions, and glaucoma. diabetic retinopathy. http://www.schepens.com/innovations.htm

Schepens Retina Associates Foundation International Vitreoretinal Consultants The Retina and Surgical Treatments Diseases and Disorders of the Retina Innovation / Experience and Research / Training Clinical Studies ... Schepens Eye Research Institute Affiliation In their years in practice, the associates have accomplished the following: Innovations In the late 1940's and 1950's, they raised the success of the operations for retinal detachment from 40% to 90%. In the 1950's and 1960's, they introduced a new operation called scleral buckling to reattach the retina. It is still currently practiced worldwide. In the 1960's and 1970's, they improved the photocoagulation technique and the freezing technique to treat many retinal diseases. In the 1970's, they were the first to advise that blue light should not be used in the laser treatment of the retina. Today this concept is universally accepted. When bleeding in the eye from diabetic disease was very frequent, SRA participated in the development of an operation to stop the bleeding within the eye without operating on it. Contrary to what is still advised in many eye centers, statistics have demonstrated that the Associates were right in not advocating photocoagulation in an eye that has a closed retinal vein (vein occlusion).

47. Diabetic Retinopathy diabetic retinopathy Approximately 600,000 Canadians have diabetic retinopathy.Approximately 80,000 have the sight threatening form of this disease. http://www.betacom.com/betacom/diab_retin.html

Diabetic Retinopathy Elevated blood sugar (glucose) levels in diabetes cause the walls of small blood vessels to become thicker, weaker and more prone to deformity, leakage and rupture. The small blood vessels in the back of the eye (retinal blood vessels) are especially susceptible to diabetic hemorrhages. Depending on the number, size and location of these hemorrhages, vision may become blotchy, distorted, hazy or even obliterated. Surgery may be helpful by sealing or removing damaged blood vessels. Serious vision loss may occur if diabetes remains undetected or is not effectively controlled. Approximately 600,000 Canadians have diabetic retinopathy. Among persons with juvenile diabetes, 25% will have diabetic retinopathy after 5 years; almost 60% after 10 years; and 80% after 15 years.

48. Participate In Research - Texture Discrimination In Diabetic Patients - Lighthou International. The purpose of this study is to develop a vision test thatcan detect diabetic retinopathy at its early stage. Participants http://www.lighthouse.org/research_diabetic.htm

Texture Discrimination in Diabetic Patients Description: This study is funded by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International. The purpose of this study is to develop a vision test that can detect diabetic retinopathy at its early stage. Participants of this study will view short presentations of computer-generated visual patterns and make some simple decisions on what they have seen. The study, which is made of 15-20 short tests, may be completed in three or four 1-hour sessions. Eligibility: Three groups of type I diabetic patients are needed. Group I: Diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy. The inclusion criteria for this group are: less than 7 years since diagnosis of diabetes, normal retinal appearance by ophthalmoscopic examination, clear media and 20/20 or better visual acuity. Group II: Diabetic patients with early diabetic retinopathy. The inclusion criteria for this group are: diagnosed as having early diabetic retinopathy in at least one eye, clear ocular media and best-corrected visual acuity of 20/60 or better. Group III: Diabetic patients with mild diabetic retinopathy. The inclusion criteria for this group are: diagnosed as having mild diabetic retinopathy in at least one eye, clear ocular media and best-corrected visual acuity of 20/60 or better.

49. Macular Degeneration And Diabetic Retinopathy - Lighthouse International diabetic retinopathy The leaking of retinal blood vessels may occur in advancedor long-term diabetes, and affects the macula or the entire retina and http://www.lighthouse.org/Low_Vision_Information/resources_lv_macular.htm

Macular Degeneration - The deterioration of the macula, the central area of the retina, is the most prevalent eye disease. This picture shows the area of decreased central vision called a central scotoma. The peripheral or side vision remains unaffected so mobility need not be impaired. With macular degeneration, print appears distorted and segments of words may be missing. Diabetic Retinopathy - The leaking of retinal blood vessels may occur in advanced or long-term diabetes, and affects the macula or the entire retina and vitreous. Not all people with diabetes develop retinal changes, but the likelihood of retinopathy and cataracts increases with the length of time a person has diabetes, along with the consistency and level of blood glucose control. With diabetic retinopathy remaining vision is variable and print may be distorted or blurred. If cataracts are also present, print is hazy as well as distorted. Which Parts of the Visual System are Affected?

50. Diabetes Tutorial diabetes mellitus. diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causesfor irreversible blindness in the United States. This retinopathy http://medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/TUTORIAL/DIABETES/DIABETES.html

Diabetes Mellitus Return to the tutorial menu. The images below have file sizes ranging from 50 to 250k. Pancreas The islets of Langerhans are destroyed in type I diabetes mellitus. This occurs probably as a consequence of a genetic susceptibility, followed by the onset of autoimmune destruction triggered by some environmental factor such as a viral infection. Heavy lymphocytic infiltrates appear in and around islets. The number and size of islets are eventually reduced, leading to decreased insulin production and glucose intolerance. The islets of Langerhans are normal in number or somewhat reduced with type II diabetes mellitus. Fibrosis and deposition of amylin polypeptide within islets are most characteristic of the chronic states of type II diabetes. Normal islets of Langerhans, with immunoperoxidase stains (right, insulin and left, glucagon), microscopic. Islet of Langerhans, insulitis, microscopic. Islet of Langerhans, deposition of amyloid, microscopic. Renal Complications There are a variety of complications involving the kidney. Both nodular and diffuse glomerulosclerosis can lead to chronic renal failure. Diabetics are prone to infections, particularly pyelonephritis. Both bacterial and fungal infections can occur. Renal glomerulus, nodular glomerulosclerosis, microscopic.

51. Diabetes Mellitus diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness and visual disability. Good metaboliccontrol can delay the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy. http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact138.html

Fact Sheet N° 138 Revised April 2002 DIABETES MELLITUS Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by inherited and/or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. Such a deficiency results in increased concentrations of glucose in the blood, which in turn damage many of the body's systems, in particular the blood vessels and nerves. There are two principle forms of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes (formerly known as insulin-dependent) in which the pancreas fails to produce the insulin which is essential for survival. This form develops most frequently in children and adolescents, but is being increasingly noted later in life. Type 2 diabetes (formerly named non-insulin-dependent) which results from the body's inability to respond properly to the action of insulin produced by the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is much more common and accounts for around 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide. It occurs most frequently in adults, but is being noted increasingly in adolescents as well. Certain genetic markers have been shown to increase the risk of developing Type 1 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is strongly familial, but it is only recently that some genes have been consistently associated with increased risk for Type 2 diabetes in certain populations. Both types of diabetes are complex diseases caused by mutations in more than one gene, as well as by environmental factors.

52. Diabetic Retinopathy Research The Discovery Fund for Eye Research is testing a treatment for hemorrhages in thevitreous of the eye common in diabetic retinopathy. diabetic retinopathy. http://www.discoveryfund.com/diabeticretinopathy.html

Home Research Overview Macular Degeneration Diabetic Retinopathy Ocular Herpes Keratoconus Molecular Ophthalmology Refractive Laser Infants and Children Clinical Trials Our Scientists Diabetic Retinopathy Above center is a normal retina. An eye with moderate diabetic retinopathy (bottom left) and one with severe diabetic retinopathy (bottom right). Diabetic retinopathy is the most common of all diabetic eye diseases and is the leading cause of blindness in American adults between the ages of 24 and 44. It is the second most common cause of blindness in people who are 45 to 74 years old. One of every eight new cases of blindness in the United States is due to diabetic retinopathy. This affliction is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina . In some cases they leak fluid and the retina becomes swollen. In other cases abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of the retina. These developments may result in partial loss of vision or total blindness. We have been investigating the biochemical changes that occur in these abnormal blood vessels and cause them to leak. We were first to discover that the vitreous of diabetic eyes have increased levels of several MMP enzymes, and more importantly that diabetic eyes contain an MMP that is not seen in the eyes of people without diabetes.

53. Diabetic Retinopathy - Causes And Treatments diabetic retinopathy a complete graphic description of this common eye disease,its causes, treatments and related procedures. diabetic retinopathy. Overview. http://www.theretinasource.com/conditions/diabetic_retinopathy.htm

Who is TheRetinaSource.com? Home Retina News Retina Conditions ... Appointments Free Newsletter Subscribe to our free online E-newsletter TODAY! Signs/Symptoms Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Overview Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the pancreas does not secrete enough insulin or the body is unable to process it properly. Insulin is the hormone that regulates the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Diabetes can affect children and adults. How does diabetes affect the retina? Patients with diabetes are more likely to develop eye problems such as cataracts and glaucoma, but the disease’s affect on the retina is the main threat to vision. Most patients develop diabetic changes in the retina after approximately 20 years. The effect of diabetes on the eye is called diabetic retinopathy. Over time, diabetes affects the circulatory system of the retina. The earliest phase of the disease is known as background diabetic retinopathy. In this phase, the arteries in the retina become weakened and leak, forming small, dot-like hemorrhages.

54. Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment A study shows that patients receiving photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathywere more likely to experience longterm complications if they are type 2 http://www.theretinasource.com/news/articles/DiabType2Comp.htm

Who is TheRetinaSource.com? News Archive Home Retina News Retina Conditions Surgical Retina ... Appointments Free Newsletter Subscribe to our free online E-newsletter TODAY! August, 2001 Type 2 Diabetic Patients More Likely to See Complications A study shows that patients receiving photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy were more likely to experience long-term complications if they are type 2 diabetics Sweden Researchers in Sweden recently concluded a study which suggests that type 2 diabetic patients were twice as likely as type 1 diabetics to experience complications following laser photocoagulation treatment. Although laser photocoagulation is of proven benefit for diabetic retinopathy, complications have always been observed by vitreo-retinal surgeons. This study demonstrated that instances of foveal burn, enlarging laser scars, new blood vessel growth, among other complications, are more likely to occur in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study also demonstrated that laser photocoagulation for macular edema in diabetic patients can be beneficial for up to 5 years following the treatment. This was a good finding that secures laser photocoagulation as the gold standard treatment for macular edema associated with diabetic retinopathy, however surgeons should use extra caution when treating in close proximity to the macula.

55. OcularTimes.Com[Diabetic Retinopathy I] diabetic retinopathy Page 1 of 2 . diabetic retinopathy is ischemia.Background diabetic retinopathy (NonProliferative). Non-proliferative http://www.geocities.com/ocular_times/dm.html

56. Eye Diseases EBOLA. diabetic retinopathy diabetic retinopathy NEI (US); Aboutdiabetic retinopathy - Country Hills Eye Center; European Association http://www.mic.ki.se/Diseases/c11.html

search help staff Eye Diseases Patients and laypersons looking for guidance among the target sources of this collection of links are strongly advised to review the information retrieved with their professional health care provider. Alphabetical List of Diseases Search PubMed at NCBI/NLM Physical Structures of the Eye [text only; L Hahn ] - U. of Pennsylvania (US) Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of the Human Eye TM Montgomery The Human Eye - in anatomical transparencies Colored Eyes - TipsOfAllSorts About the 'Blind Spot' Actually: The Main Lens of Your Eye Is Not Inside The Eye Simulations of certain eye problems - Ohio LIONS Eye Research Foundation Distance Vision Test - Perrot Optic (CH) A Visual Acuity Test The Eye Exam C Goldberg ] - School of Medicine, UCSD (US) Eye examination - Indiana University (US) School of Optometry , and Dr Riley's Diagnostic Procedures - Indiana University (US) Ophthalmology information - eMedicine Eye Diseases and Disorders - an illustrated encyclopedia - StLukes Eye An Ocular Pathology Review RC Eagle ] - Wills Eye Hospitale Brief informtion on various Eye Diseases from Dr. Steensman's Eye Care Site

57. Aging Eye: Diabetic Retinopathy Glaucoma Cataracts Macular Degeneration diabetic retinopathy Dry Eye SyndromesLow Vision. Aging Eye Disease Information. diabetic retinopathy. http://www.agingeye.org/retinopathy/index.shtml

NEWS INTERVIEWS SEMINARS JOURNAL REVIEW COLLABORATIVE SCIENCE Glaucoma Cataracts Macular Degeneration Diabetic Retinopathy ... Low Vision Aging Eye Disease Information Diabetic Retinopathy Publications (General Information) Treatment, Medication and Prevention Clinical Trials Detection ... Help and Resources Keyword Search: NEWS INTERVIEWS SEMINARS JOURNAL REVIEW COLLABORATIVE SCIENCE Glaucoma Cataracts Macular Degeneration Diabetic Retinopathy ... sightstreet.com

58. Member Sign In diabetic retinopathy is the most frequent cause of new cases of blindnessamong adults aged 2074 years. Focus On http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/447500

If you are having trouble logging in: In order to use Medscape, your browser must be set to accept "cookies." To find out how to adjust your browser settings, please click here Log In Username Password Forgot your password? Not a Member? Register Now for free access to: MEDLINE (Optimized for Physicians) 200+ Free CME Courses 25 Medical Specialty Sites 100+ Medical Journals Conference Coverage Daily Medical News About Medscape Help WebMD Health

59. Medscape Ophthalmology Homepage Features peer-reviewed, full-text articles, images and CME programs for physicians and medical profession Category Health Medicine Medical Specialties Ophthalmology...... 2003 controlling IOP prevents progression of glaucoma -topical anesthesia for cataractsurgery -leukemia and vision loss diabetic retinopathy from Diabetes http://www.medscape.com/ophthalmologyhome

Focus On... Anthrax Health Diversity Micro Complications Welcome, March 30, 2003 Editorial Advisory Board David K. Coats, MD Dorothy Nahm Friedberg, MD, PhD Ivan Goldberg, MB, BS (Syd) Lee M. Jampol, MD ... Walter Stark, MD Site Editor/Program Director Charlotte Warren Featured on Medscape Ophthalmology Apparent Orbital Cellulitis With Acidosis and Hyperglycemia from Infections in Medicine A 41-year-old man presented with headache, sinus pressure, and periorbital pain and swelling. March 2003: Advances in Medical Technology from Medscape TechMed eJournal Adaptive optics is providing scientists with new views of the retina, which may prove critical in diagnosing and treating diseases like glaucoma and diabetes. Ask the Experts Elevated ESR and Diabetes Temporal Arteritis from Medscape Rheumatology Read what the experts say about elevated ESR and diabetes in this 65-year-old man. Interactive Case Series Bilateral Visual Loss With Normal Pupillary Light Reaction A 77-year-old man awoke with blurred vision in each eye. Click here for more featured content Latest on Medscape Ophthalmology News Briefs March 2003 from Medscape TechMed eJournal [TM] Ask the Expert Elevated ESR and Diabetes Temporal Arteritis from Medscape Rheumatology New Orleans Citywide Rounds Apparent Orbital Cellulitis With Acidosis and Hyperglycemia from Infections in Medicine MEDLINE Abstracts: Graves' Ophthalmopathy from Today's Ophthalmology News From Reuters Health and Medscape Medical News Steroids Not Required for Graves' Patients With Stable Eye Disease Blacks Have Twice the Risk of Hypertensive Retinopathy Compared With Whites Contact Lens Under Development to Deliver Drugs Directly to Eye Focus on...

60. Diabetic Retinopathy Fact Sheet WHAT IS diabetic retinopathy? While diabetes can affect many parts of the eye,its mostcommon manifestation takes the form of diabetic retinopathy. http://www.eri.harvard.edu/htmlfiles/dr.html

Text Only Back to Your Eyes and You See also: Diagram of the Eye and Glossary of Terms Meet Rich Godfrey, our Volunteer Patient Liaison Questions: You can scroll down through the entire document or click on any of the questions below to see the answer. What is diabetic retinopathy? What are the warning signs of diabetic retinopathy? Who is affected by diabetic retinopathy? How is diabetic retinopathy treated? ... What research is underway at The Schepens Eye Research Institute? WHAT IS DIABETIC RETINOPATHY? A complication of diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in people ages 40 to 60 in the U.S. Diabetes is characterized by excessively high levels of glucose (blood sugar) in the blood, resulting from the body's inability to properly utilize certain food elements like sugar and starches. Diabetes manifests itself throughout the body and can cause kidney failure, heart disease, and blindness. While diabetes can affect many parts of the eye, its mostcommon manifestation takes the form of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy affects the retina, the light-sensitive tissue that lines the eye's back wall. There are two forms of the disease; nonproliferative (or background) retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy. Background retinopathy can be a precursor to the more serious proliferative retinopathy. With background retinopathy, the blood vessels in the retina change in diameter some shrink and others swell. This disturbs blood flow in the retina; it may lead to hemorrhaging or to restriction of vital blood supply in other areas. This condition is usually not sight-threatening, but it can be a warning sign of further damage and should be monitored carefully. Fortunately, in about 60% of diabetic patients with background retinopathy, the condition does not worsen.

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