61. HUMAN EHRLICHIOSIS HUMAN ehrlichiosis OUTLINE ETIOLOGIC AGENTS MICROBIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSISLABS CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS TREATMENT REFERENCES I. ETIOLOGIC AGENTS http://toddtroost.com/students/sarangi.html

Shamit Sarangi, MSIII HUMAN EHRLICHIOSIS OUTLINE ETIOLOGIC AGENTS MICROBIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY ... REFERENCES I. ETIOLOGIC AGENTS Return to Outline A. Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis: Ehrlichia chaffeensis B. Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis: Ehrlichia phagocytophilia equi II. MICROBIOLOGY Return to Outline A. Both etiologic agents are members of the order Rickettsiales , family Rickettsiaceae B. Obligate intracytoplasmic gram negative cocci or coccobacilli and is very pleomorphic. Unlike the gram negatives, these do not contain LPS C. Size ranges from 0.5 to 1.5 m m III. EPIDEMIOLOGY Return to Outline A . Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis chafeensis 1. vector: a. Amblyomma americanum (deer tick) b. Dermacentor (deer tick) 2. reservoir: a. deer, dogs 3. geographic distribution: a. Southeastern, southcentral, Atlantic coastal, northeastern, Pacific coastal states 4. 1500 documented cases have been reported in the last 10 years.

62. EHRLICHIOSIS ehrlichiosis Slide 9 of 30. Go to slide 1 TICK BORNE DISEASES. http://www.path.sunysb.edu/labs/ticktutor/HTML/fslide9.html

var vIndex = 2; EHRLICHIOSIS Slide 9 of 30 Go to slide: 1: TICK - BORNE DISEASES 2: TICK BORNE DISEASES 3: LYME DISEASE 4: Lyme Disease 5: Lyme Disease - Tick Vectors 6: CLINICAL FEATURES - LYME DISEASE 7: LYME DISEASE - DIAGNOSIS 8: TREATMENT - LYME DISEASE 9: EHRLICHIOSIS 10: THREE EHRLICHIA GENOTYPES 11: Ehrlichia - Tick Vectors 12: HME vs HGE 13: HME vs HGE 14: CLINICAL FEATURES - EHRLICHIOSIS 15: EHRLICHIOSIS - DIAGNOSIS 16: EHRLICHIOSIS - DIAGNOSIS 17: TREATMENT - EHRLICHIOSIS 18: Human Babesiosis 19: Human Babesiosis 20: Babesia - Tick Vector 21: CLINICAL FEATURES - BABESIOSIS 22: CLINICAL FEATURES - BABESIOSIS 23: BABESIOSIS - DIAGNOSIS 24: BABESIOSIS - DIAGNOSIS 25: BABESIOSIS - DIAGNOSIS 26: TREATMENT - BABESIOSIS 27: Tick Borne Viral Encephalitis 28: Coinfection 29: CONCLUSIONS and CONSIDERATIONS 30: CONCLUSIONS and CONSIDERATIONS

63. Ehrlichiosis ehrlichiosis is a recently recognized disease that is spread by infectedticks. Find out more about this disease. ehrlichiosis. Introduction. http://www.medicalinfoplus.com/conditions/ehrlichiosis.html

Alphabetical Listing Of Conditions and Diseases Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Adult Asthma Adult Constipation ... Home Ehrlichiosis Introduction Tick-borne illnesses are caused by infection with a variety of disease-causing pathogens, including rickettsia and other types of bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Because ticks can harbor more than one disease-causing agent, persons can be infected with more than one pathogen at the same time. While there are several different ticks that carry disease, the one many people are familiar with is Ixodes scapularis, more commonly known as the deer or bear tick in North America. This is the one that causes Lyme disease. Other ticks that transmit B. burgdorferi are the Ixodes dammini and the Ixodes pacificus. Ticks that transmit other diseases include the lone star tick (A. americanum), the dog tick, wood tick, and the Western Black-legged tick. Ehrlichiosis is a recently recognized bacterial (rickettsiae) disease that is spread by infected ticks. Two types of human ehrlichiosis have been identified in the U.S.: human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE). The disease attacks different types of white blood cells (either monocytes or granulocytes). Evidence suggests that the lone star tick transmits HME and the deer tick transmits HGE. Get the Facts... With your MediFocus Guide

64. Ehrlichiosis Fact Sheet ehrlichiosis Fact Sheet. PDF Version of this Fact Sheet. ehrlichiosis(Erlick-key-osis) is caused by the bacteria called Ehrlichia. http://edcp.org/factsheets/ehrlichiosis.html

EDCP Mission/Vision General Information on Bioterrorism Bioterrorism Information for Health Care Provide rs ... ImmuNet Ehrlichiosis Fact Sheet PDF Version of this Fact Sheet Ehrlichiosis (Er-lick-key-osis) is caused by the bacteria called Ehrlichia There are two forms of human ehrlichiosis: Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME) caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis (HGE) caused by bacteria similar to Ehrlichia equi and Ehrlichia phagocytophilia. Infected tick bites of the Lone Star tick, the blacklegged or deer tick, and the American dog tick cause disease in humans. Not every tick bite causes disease. Anyone can get ehrlichiosis People may be exposed when they spend time outdoors in tick-infested areas (such as wooded, brushy, or grassy places). Pets may also bring ticks into the house as another possible means of exposure. Symptoms appear 5 to 10 days after a tick bite People with ehrlichiosis usually have flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, tiredness, and muscle aches. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, lack of appetite, diarrhea, cough, joint pains, confusion, and sometimes a rash. It is likely that many people who become infected with the bacteria do not become sick or only get very mild symptoms. However, some people may have severe disease that can result in death.

65. MCMEC Tick-borne Diseases Program Human ehrlichiosis. Epidemiology of Human ehrlichiosis. ehrlichiosis in humanswas first described in 1954 as a mononucleosislike illness in Japan. http://www.visitmonmouth.com/06270_mcmec/ehrlich.html

Human Ehrlichiosis Epidemiology of Human Ehrlichiosis Human ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne illness that is caused by a very small type of bacteria known as "ehrlichiae." Human ehrlichiosis is just one member of a whole group of diseases known collectively as ehrlichioses, because each is caused by a different species of the genus Ehrlichia. Taxonomically, the Ehrlichiae are in the Order Rickettsiales, genus Ehrlichia. The ehrlichiae are very closely related to the rickettsiae, which are the type of bacteria that cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) . The genus then breaks down further into a fairly large number of different species, each responsible for causing some form of ehrlichiosis, either in humans or some other mammalian species. Ehrlichiae invade, and live within white blood cells, thereby adversely affecting the immune system and lessening the body's ability to fight secondary infections. They reside in the cytoplasm outside the nucleus. Ehrlichiae are pleomorphic, meaning variable in shape here you can see a number of individual ehrlichial organisms although they are generally considered to be more spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. They have a rippled outer cell wall, and an inner plasma membrane. Although ehrlichiae are sometimes scattered singly throughout the cytoplasm, they are most frequently found clustered together as aggregates of many organisms. These clusters are berry-like in appearance and are called "morulae." Ehrlichiosis was first recognized in 1935, in Algeria, Africa, as a disease of dogs, otherwise known as canine ehrlichiosis. The pathogen was E. canis. The next major, related event was an outbreak of canine ehrlichiosis in military guard dogs stationed in Vietnam during the 1960s. This was very serious because a large number of dogs became ill and they all died due to hemorrhagic complications of the disease.

66. KY: CHS: Department For Public Health - Ehrlichiosis ehrlichiosis. What Is ehrlichiosis? How ehrlichiosis Is Spread? Humanmonocytic ehrlichiosis is spread by the bite of an infected tick. http://publichealth.state.ky.us/ehrlichiosis.htm

KY Cabinet for Health Services Department for Public Health Ensuring the Health of Kentucky Public Health Home Page CHS Home Page Search CHS Sites News Releases Product Recalls Food Recalls Vital Records Data Reports Local Health Departments Data Surveys Training Calendar For other Kentucky Government sites visit: 275 East Main Street Frankfort, KY 40621 502-564-3418 or 3261 Ehrlichiosis What Is Ehrlichiosis? Ehrlichiosis is caused by several bacterial species in the genus Ehrlichia that affect humans and animals. Currently there are four ehrlichial species that are known to cause disease in humans. Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) from infection with Ehrlichia chaffeensis is the ehrlichial disease most often reported in Kentucky and other southeastern and midwestern states. Six or fewer confirmed cases per year have been reported in Kentucky since 1991. How Ehrlichiosis Is Spread? Human monocytic ehrlichiosis is spread by the bite of an infected tick. The lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum is the primary vector for HME. Other known vectors of ehrlichiosis in the United States are the blacklegged tick (

67. Ehrlichiosis In Northern California Featured Diseases. 4. ehrlichiosis. Two California. Human ehrlichiosisis virtually impossible to diagnose from the symptoms alone. http://www.msmosquito.com/ehrlich.html

Featured Diseases 4. EHRLICHIOSIS Two previously unknown tick-borne diseases have been discovered in the past decade: Human monocytic erhlichiosis (HME) and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) . The agents are bacteria that live inside monocytes and granulocytes, two types of circulating white blood cells. Since 1964, more than 400 confirmed cases of HME, and 170 cases of HGE have been reported, including some from northern California. Many were first thought to be Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Ehrlichia body inside a stained monocyte HME is caused by a bacteria named Ehrlichia chaffeensis , and HGE by another bacteria closely related to Ehrlichia equi . Similar agents cause severe disease in animal populations. The still undiscovered source of the human infections may involve domestic (HGE) and wild mammals (HME). Many cases of E. equi infection have been recorded from horses in Marin and Sonoma counties, but there is no formal reporting system so the actual numbers are not known. In one study site in the Sonoma Valley, workers found E. equi

68. HealingWell.com - Medifocus Guides - Ehrlichiosis HealingWell Medcenter Medifocus Guide ehrlichiosis (NF006) IntroductionTick issues What are the most common symptoms of ehrlichiosis? http://www.healingwell.com/medcenter/ehrlichiosis.asp

Search Site: Search Web: HealingWell Medcenter Medifocus Guide Ehrlichiosis Introduction Tick-borne illnesses are caused by infection with a variety of disease-causing pathogens, including rickettsia and other types of bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Because ticks can harbor more than one disease-causing agent, persons can be infected with more than one pathogen at the same time. While there are several different ticks that carry disease, the one many people are familiar with is Ixodes scapularis, more commonly known as the deer or bear tick in North America. This is the one that causes Lyme disease. Other ticks that transmit B. burgdorferi are the Ixodes dammini and the Ixodes pacificus. Ticks that transmit other diseases include the lone star tick (A. americanum), the dog tick, wood tick, and the Western Black-legged tick. Ehrlichiosis is a recently recognized bacterial (rickettsiae) disease that is spread by infected ticks. Two types of human ehrlichiosis have been identified in the U.S.: human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE). The disease attacks different types of white blood cells (either monocytes or granulocytes). Evidence suggests that the lone star tick transmits HME and the deer tick transmits HGE. Get the Facts... With your MediFocus Guide

69. Systemic Ehrlichiosis Presenting As Progressive Hepatosplenomegaly Systemic ehrlichiosis Presenting as Progressive Hepatosplenomegaly. We report acase of systemic monocytic ehrlichiosis with progressive hepatosplenomegaly. http://www.sma.org/smj/97june18.htm

Systemic Ehrlichiosis Presenting as Progressive Hepatosplenomegaly ALICE D. FRIEDMAN, MD, GEORGE K. DANIEL, MD, and WAQAR A. QURESHI, MD, Little Rock, Ark ABSTRACT: A 42-year-old white man had headache, fever, chills, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, night sweats, and dark urine for 3 days before admission; he had history of a tick bite 6 weeks earlier. Progressive systemic deterioration, heralded by progressive hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia, occurred despite doxycycline therapy. Subsequent recovery was preceded by progressive resolution of hepatosplenomegaly. Progressive hepatosplenomegaly has not been previously reported in association with systemic monocytic ehrlichiosis. HUMAN MONOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS in the United States is a systemic illness, recognized only recently (1986). The disease normally involves fever, headache, myalgia, nausea or vomiting, and a recent history of tick exposure. Although leukopenia is a "hallmark of the disease," thrombocytopenia and transaminase elevations are not uncommon.1 Progressive hepatosplenomegaly has not been previously reported in association with this infection. We report a case of systemic monocytic ehrlichiosis with progressive hepatosplenomegaly. CASE REPORT A 42-year-old white man came to the John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital (Little Rock, Ark) in August 1995 with a 3-day history of headache, fever, chills, dull, constant abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting, night sweats, and dark urine. He had a history of tick bite 6 weeks before admission, but no recent travel. History was remarkable for Lyme disease, treated in 1989, and hepatitis A as a child. An educator and minister, he lived in rural Arkansas with his wife, three children, and numerous house and farm animals. He did not smoke or drink, and he used chlorinated water. Medications included acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Motrin), in recommended doses, as needed for symptoms.

70. NJDHSS, Communicable Disease Service: Ehrlichiosis What You Should Know About. . . ehrlichiosis. What is ehrlichiosis? ehrlichiosisis an illness caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia. Who gets ehrlichiosis? http://www.state.nj.us/health/cd/f_ehrlichiosis.htm

Disease Index NJ InTouch What You Should Know About. . . Ehrlichiosis What is ehrlichiosis? Ehrlichiosis is an illness caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia . Human ehrlichiosis is a newly recognized disease in the United States. The first human case in the U.S. was reported in 1986. However, prior to 1986 the bacterium was known to infect and cause illness in a wide variety of wild and domestic animals. Who gets ehrlichiosis? Anyone can become infected with Ehrlichia , although most cases have occurred among adults. Individuals who spend a lot of time outdoors in tick infested areas from April through October are at greatest risk of becoming infected. How is ehrlichiosis spread? Ehrlichiosis is spread by the bite of an infected tick. In New Jersey, the most commonly infected ticks are the deer tick, the dog tick, and the lone star tick. Ehrlichiosis is not spread from person-to-person. What are the symptoms of ehrlichiosis? The most common symptoms are fever, headache, muscle aches and weakness. Some patients can also experience nausea, vomiting and a skin rash. Although the illness is usually mild, severe to life-threatening illnesses can occur. How soon do symptoms occur?

71. Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis org), 2000; A0108.0400. Canine Monocytic ehrlichiosis (Last Updated13Apr-2000 ). T. Waner 1 and S. Harrus 2. 1 Israel Institute http://www.ivis.org/advances/Infect_Dis_Carmichael/waner/chapter_frm.asp

initFixing('fixed'); In: Recent Advances in Canine Infectious Diseases , Carmichael L. (Ed.) International Veterinary Information Service, Ithaca NY (www.ivis.org), 2000; A0108.0400 Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (Last Updated: 13-Apr-2000 ) T. Waner and S. Harrus Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel. Introduction The etiologic agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME), the rickettsia Ehrlichia canis E. canis ), is a small pleomorphic gram-negative coccoid bacteria that parasitizes circulating monocytes intracytoplasmically in clusters of organisms called morulae. The disease is also known as canine rickettsiosis, canine hemorrhagic fever, tracker dog disease, canine tick typhus, Nairobi bleeding disorder and tropical canine pancytopenia, names representing different aspects of the same disease. The disease is acknowledged as an important and potentially fatal infectious disease of dogs and other members of the Canidae family.

72. Tick Diseases: RMSF; Lyme Disease; Ehrlichiosis; Babesiosis; Etc A Q A Session on ehrlichiosis; Babesiosis; RMSF and others by dr. In the caseof serology for babesiosis or ehrlichiosis, a blood sample is obtained. http://www.abap.org/tickqa1.htm

Tick Diseases, Questions and Answers Part I of II by dr. sam telford Editors Note: I met Dr. Telford one day during the course of my "real job" when I followed up on a rather ambiguous sales lead, and came across his lab (referred to as Ticks-R-Us). It was quite fortuitous that a week or so earlier the Tick Mini List had been started by Lynda Adame, and of which I happened to be a member. Dr Telford and I began discussing the diseases loosely referred to as Tick Fever . Dr. Telford graciously offered to be of any assistance he could. A few months later I polled the Tick List Members for questions to present to Dr. Telford regarding these diseases. What follows below are the results of this Question and Answer session. Due to the volume of information supplied, this article will be broken into two parts and presented in separate issues. The Tick-Disease mailing list (Tick Net) is an open forum for people interested in or affected by any of the tick borne diseases. The purpose of the list is to have open discussion, to network for and pass along the most current information, and to support those that are directly affected by: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Lyme Disease, Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis, etc. To subscribe to this mailing list, please send email to Lynda Adame at

73. Tick Diseases: RMSF; Lyme Disease; Ehrlichiosis; Babesiosis; Etc PII/II A Breed Apart ©. Tick Diseases, Questions and Answers Part II of II. A Q A Sessionon ehrlichiosis; Babesiosis; RMSF and others by dr. sam telford Editors Note http://www.abap.org/tickqa2.htm

Tick Diseases, Questions and Answers Part II of II by dr. sam telford Editors Note: I met Dr. Telford one day during the course of my "real job" when I followed up on a rather ambiguous sales lead, and came across his lab (referred to as Ticks-R-Us). It was quite fortuitous that a week or so earlier the Tick Mini List had been started by Lynda Adame, and of which I happened to be a member. Dr Telford and I began discussing the diseases loosely referred to as Tick Fever . Dr. Telford graciously offered to be of any assistance he could. A few months later I polled the Tick List Members for questions to present to Dr. Telford regarding these diseases. What follows below are the results of this Question and Answer session. Due to the volume of information supplied, this article will be broken into two parts and presented in separate issues. The Tick-Disease mailing list (Tick Net) is an open forum for people interested in or affected by any of the tick borne diseases. The purpose of the list is to have open discussion, to network for and pass along the most current information, and to support those that are directly affected by: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Lyme Disease, Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosis, etc. To subscribe to this mailing list, please send email to Lynda Adame at

74. Lyme Disease And Ehrlichiosis Lyme Disease and ehrlichiosis. June 2000. WHAT ARE LYME DISEASE ANDehrlichiosis? Lyme Disease. Lyme disease is the most commonly http://wellness.ucdavis.edu/medical_conditions_az/lymedisease16.html

Lyme Disease and Ehrlichiosis June 2000 WHAT ARE LYME DISEASE AND EHRLICHIOSIS? Lyme Disease Lyme disease is the most commonly reported insect-borne disease in the United States. It was first documented as a skin rash in Europe in 1883. Over the years, researchers there continued to identify additional aspects of the disease, including symptoms occurring in the nervous system, the role of the Ixodes tick as its carrier, and certain bacteria its cause. Researchers in the US had been aware since at least the early 1900s of infected ticks. The full arthritic syndrome now known as Lyme disease, however, was not identified here until the mid-1970s when a cluster of cases thought to be juvenile rheumatoid arthritis occurred in three towns in southeastern Connecticut. Two of these towns, Lyme and Old Lyme, gave the disease its popular name. Scientists, however, call the disease Lyme borreliosis, after Borrelia burgdorferi , the spirochete (corkscrew-shaped bacterium) that causes the disease. Ehrlichiosis Ehrlichiae are very small organisms known as gram negative bacteria, which infect and destroy white blood cells, either monocytes or granulocytes. There are two varieties of ehrlichiosis: human monocyte ehrlichiosis (HME), which infects monocytes, and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), which infects granulocytes. Ehrlichiosis was first recognized in the US in the 1980s, but some studies suggest that it has been present in the US much longer. In 1986, HME was the first of the two diseases to be identified in humans; it is caused by the bacterium

75. Ehrlichiosis Here was the answer. She had ehrlichiosis and the therapy she was getting couldeasily kill her. This is how I came to know ehrlichiosis. ehrlichiosis. http://www.beaconforhealth.org/Ehrlichiosis.htm

What You Don’t Know About Ticks Can Be Fatal Beardie Bulletin, Spring 1999, 29/1, p 8-10 Teri Fleming, BCCA Health Chair A call came that we all dread. The most promising pup from my last litter of Goldens, 4 at the time, was failing in spite of all therapy and the specialists had no more answers. The current theory was that it could be a vaccine reaction complicated by some underlying infection or simply an idiopathic blood problem. In spite of a battery of tests, no specific answers were found for a dangerous lack of red and white blood cells - even her platelets were very low. When the steroids didn’t work, Rosie was put on high dose immuno-supressants – the owners were calling to say the latest blood counts show even this wasn’t helping. What had begun as mild decrease in appetite and a slight decrease in activity later progressed to pale gums and mild fever, and had now progressed to severe anemia – she was critical and seemed to be wasting away right before our eyes. As we searched for an answer ourselves, long forgotten was the tick found earlier that season after working in the field, and after all, the screens for tick disease done at the onset were negative. Then her owner found a web site with a story so hauntingly familiar that she insisted that the ehrlichia test be repeated and sent to a lab in Illinois. Here was the answer. She had Ehrlichiosis and the therapy she was getting could easily kill her. This is how I came to know Ehrlichiosis.

76. Ehrlichiosis | Ahealthyme.com You are here Home Health A to Z ehrlichiosis. ehrlichiosis. ehrlichiosis Rowland,Belinda M. ehrlichiosis is a bacterial infection that is spread by ticks. http://www.ahealthyme.com/topic/topic100586747

Search AHealthyMe! Personalize AHealthyMe! Sign up for our Newsletter! You are here: Home Health A to Z Ehrlichiosis Rowland, Belinda M. Below: Definition Description Causes and symptoms Diagnosis ... Resources Definition Ehrlichiosis is a bacterial infection that is spread by ticks. Symptoms include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. Description Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by infection with Ehrlichia bacteria. Ticks are small, blood-sucking arachnids. Although some ticks carry disease-causing organisms, most do not. When an animal or person is bitten by a tick that carries bacteria, the bacteria are passed to that person or animal during the tick's feeding process. It is believed that the tick must remain attached to the person or animal for at least 24 hours to spread the infection. There are two forms of ehrlichiosis in the United States; human monocytic ehrlichiosis and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Monocytic ehrlichiosis is caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis , which is spread by the Lone Star tick, Amblyomma americanum . As of early 1998, about 400 cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis had been reported in 30 states, primarily in the southeastern and south central United States. The bacteria that causes granulocytic ehrlichiosis is not known, but suspected to be either

77. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Ehrlichiosis ehrlichiosis. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top. ehrlichiosisis a disease caused by Ehrlichia organisms. It was first described in 1990. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001381.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Ehrlichiosis Contents of this page: Illustrations Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors Symptoms ... Prevention Illustrations Ehrlichiosis Antibodies Definition Return to top An infectious disease transmitted by the bite of a tick Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Ehrlichiosis is a disease caused by Ehrlichia organisms. It was first described in 1990. The two specific organisms that have been implicated are Ehrlichia chaffeensis and granulocytic Ehrlichia. The Ehrlichia bacteria belong to the family Rickettsiae. Rickettsial organisms are responsible for a number of serious diseases with worldwide distribution such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever typhus murine typhus , scrub typhus, Queensland tick typhus, Boutonneuse fever , North Asian tick-borne rickettsiosis, rickettsial pox, and others. All of these diseases require an insect vector (tick, flea, mite) to transmit them to humans or other animals. The infectious organism of ehrlichiosis is transmitted to humans by the bite of ticks . Rickettsiae are often associated with a specific tick. Ehrlichia inhabit the Lone Star tick (Amblyomma americanum), the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), and the deer ticks (Ixodes dammini and Ixodes scapularis). (NOTE: the deer tick is also the carrier of

78. Florida State University College Of Medicine Digital Library ehrlichiosis Clinical Resources. Miscellaneous ehrlichiosis Clinical ResourcesHealth Reviews for Primary Care Providers on the Internet Homepage http://fsumed-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/infectious/byorganism/rickettsial/ehrlichi

Clinical Resources by Topic: Infectious Diseases Ehrlichiosis Clinical Resources Emergency Pediatrics Pathology Clinical Guidelines ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: General Infectious Diseases Resources Ehrlichiosis Patient/Family Resources Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 15th Ed.-2001: Table of contents Medical Library subscription INFO Chapter 177: Rickettsial Diseases: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Ehrlichioses: Access document Introduction: Access document Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis: Access document Introduction: Access document Treatment: Access document Prevention: Access document Human Granulocytotropic Ehrlichiosis: Access document Introduction: Access document Treatment: Access document Prevention: Access document Mandell: Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 5th Ed.-2000 (MD Consult): Table of contents Medical Library subscription INFO Chapter 174 - Introduction to Rickettsioses and Ehrlichioses: Access document Description of the Pathogen Access document Epidemiology Access document Pathologic Characteristics Access document Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis Access document Developments in t he Field Access document Chapter 181 - Ehrlichia chaffeensis (Human Monocytotropic Ehrlichiosis)

79. EHRLICHIOSIS IN MASSACHUSETTS - An Update For Health Care Providers 2002 ehrlichiosis IN MASSACHUSETTS An Update for Health Care Providers 2002 MassachusettsDepartment of Public Health Division of Epidemiology and Immunization http://www.state.ma.us/dph/cdc/epii/lyme/ehrlichiosis2002prov.htm

Bureau of Communicable Disease Control HIV/AIDS Surveillance STD Prevention Related Sites CDC Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention HIV/AIDS Bureau STD/HIV Prevention Training Center of NE Contact Information Division of Epidemiology and Immunization State Laboratory Institute 305 South Street Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 Robert Goldstein, MPH Director Tel. Fax Search the DPH Website EHRLICHIOSIS IN MASSACHUSETTS - An Update for Health Care Providers 2002 Massachusetts Department of Public Health Division of Epidemiology and Immunization Summary of Important Ehrlichiosis Resources For information or educational materials on ehrlichiosis or other tickborne diseases, call the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH), Division of Epidemiology and Immunization at 617-983-6800 or visit the MDPH website at www.state.ma.us/dph or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website at www.cdc.gov. For information on IFA testing for ehrlichiosis performed at CDC, call the MDPH State Laboratory at 617-983-6396.

80. American Lyme Disease Foundation - Lyme Disease ehrlichiosis What is ehrlichiosis? Where is ehrlichiosis Prevalent? ehrlichiosisis a tickassociated disease caused by bacteria in the genus Ehrlichia. http://www.aldf.com/Ehrlichiosis.asp

About ALDF [En Español] Programs And Services [Programas y Servicios] ... Site Map EHRLICHIOSIS What is Ehrlichiosis? Where is Ehrlichiosis Prevalent? Symptoms Diagnosis ... Deer Tick Ecology Tick species that transmit ehrlichiosis: Deer tick, American dog tick, Lone Star tick What is Ehrlichiosis? E hrlichiosis is a tick-associated disease caused by bacteria in the genus Ehrlichia . To date, two types of ehrlichiosis have been identified in humans in the United States; HME, or Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis, caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis , and HGE, or Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis, caused by a yet unnamed species. It is possible that additional forms of ehrlichiosis in humans may be identified in the future. Unlike Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis is considered an acute infection without chronic long-term consequences. Its severity varies from person to person. Many people exposed to the disease agent remain asymptomatic, while others suffer mild symptoms that resolve without treatment. In a minority of cases, however, ehrlichiosis produces severe symptoms requiring immediate antibiotic treatment. These cases can be life-threatening and even fatal for elderly patients and others with compromised immune systems. Like Lyme disease, transmission of the ehrlichiosis bacterium is delayed an average of 36 hours or more after an infected tick begins to feed. Although Lyme disease and HGE infection rates in deer ticks are thought to be comparable in endemic areas of the northeast, evidence indicates that the transmission of

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