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         Facial Paralysis:     more books (44)
  1. Facial Paralysis: Rehabilitation Techniques
  2. Facial Paralysis [In Japanese Language] by Beat Takeshi, 1994
  3. Facial Paralysis - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References by ICON Health Publications, 2004-09-28
  4. Paralytic lagophthalmos: gold-weight implantation.(FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY CLINIC): An article from: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal by James R. Tate, J. David Kriet, et all 2006-09-01
  5. Reanimation of the Paralyzed Face (American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) by Lawrence P. Burgess, Richard L. Goode, 1994-01-15
  6. The Invisible Smile: Living without facial expression by Jonathan Cole, Henrietta Spalding, 2009-01-15
  7. The Facial Nerve: May's Second Edition
  8. Disorders of the Facial Nerve: Anatomy, Diagnosis, and Management by Malcolm Graham, 1981-09
  9. Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America: Rehabilitation of Facial Paralysis, Volume 5, No. 3, August 1997
  10. FACIAL PARALYSIS BEING A TREATISE ON A CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PARALYSIS OF THE FACIAL NERVE by J. Parkes Findlay, 1950
  11. Surviving Bell's Palsy: A Patient's Guide to Facial Paralysis Management by J.P. Dambach, 1997-10-01
  12. Delayed facial paresis following tympanomastoid surgery in a pediatric patient.(ORIGINAL ARTICLE)(Case study): An article from: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal by Marc C. Thorne, Brian P. Dunham, et all 2010-08-01
  13. Peripheral facial palsy: Pathology and surgery by Karsten Kettel, 1959
  14. When Facial Paralysis Affects the Way You Look: Managing the Change in Your Appearance by Alex Clarke, 1998-05

81. Temporary Facial Paralysis Induced By Air Travel
Press Room Press Releases Temporary facial paralysis Inducedby Air Travel, Temporary facial paralysis Induced by Air Travel
http://entnet.org/ent-press/pressreleases/ANS1.cfm

Press Room
Press Releases Temporary Facial Paralysis Induced by Air Travel Temporary Facial Paralysis Induced by Air Travel
Boca Raton, FL – Changes in altitude and cabin pressurization during air travel can often cause ears to feel stuffy or achy, but for a select few, it may also cause temporary facial paralysis. Alternobaric facial nerve palsy, or baroparesis, is a rapidly reversible facial palsy related to over-pressurization of the middle ear that usually appears during air flight ascent or while surfacing during scuba diving. This phenomenon occurs when pressure in the middle ear either from fluid build-up, solid particles, or both, compress the facial nerve and cause temporary paralysis. After descent or surfacing, ear pressure returns to normal and paralysis subsides. Researchers Douglas D. Backous MD and Neil B. Hampson MD, both of The Listen for Life Center at Virginia Mason Center for Hyperbaric Medicine are presenting the findings of their case study, “Recurrent Facial Nerve Baroparesis with Airline Flight,” May 10, 2002, at the Annual Meeting of the American Neurology Society Methodology: A case study and literature review involving a 61 year-old male who suffered two consecutive incidents of alternobaric facial nerve palsy (baroparesis) on the left side of his face 90 minutes into flight was conducted. After undergoing an audiological and clinical examination, CT scanning of the temporal bones, and consultation with an allergist, the patient was found to have dense fluid in the middle ear collected in a mass near the facial nerve.

82. BestDoctors.com: Bell's Palsy: Can Other Causes Of Facial Paralysis Be Misdiagno
Can Other Causes Of facial paralysis Be Misdiagnosed As Bell’s Palsy? June 05,2000. Can Other Causes Of facial paralysis Be Misdiagnosed As Bell’s Palsy?
http://www.bestdoctors.com/en/askadoctor/g/gantz/bjgantz_060500_q6.htm
Site Map Language English Spanish Select A Language Search Condition Summaries Doctor Is In™ Bruce J. Gantz , M.D. What Is Bell's Palsy? What Is The Incidence And Prognosis Of Bell's Palsy, And Who Is At Risk? Does Herpes Cause Bell's Palsy? What Drugs Are Used To Treat Bell's Palsy? ... How Does The Facial Nerve Become Paralyzed? June 05, 2000 Can Other Causes Of Facial Paralysis Be Misdiagnosed As Bell’s Palsy?
Misdiagnosis is a common problem. Most general practitioners or neurologists will assume that any facial paralysis is Bell’s palsy. Bell’s palsy should have a classic history of acute onset of unilateral paralysis. Patients who experience a gradually progressive facial paralysis over a period of months most likely have a tumor of the facial nerve or some other problem with the facial nerve. I’ve never seen a bilateral Bell’s palsy. I’ve read about it, but I’m very suspicious of the diagnosis. Lyme disease can cause bilateral paralysis, although that is rare. Guillain-Barre syndrome can also be associated with bilateral paralysis. If the doctor suspects Bell’s palsy, but the patient doesn’t get better in 6 months, then another diagnosis should be investigated. I would do an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). An MRI and also a high resolution CT scan of the temple bone are good tools for diagnosing tumors.

83. Member Sign In
Acute facial nerve paralysis can often mimick Bell palsy, resultingin delayed diagnosis and treatment. Focus On
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/436108
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84. Arch Intern Med -- Page Not Found
158;20662067, October 12, 1998, Liver Failure and Peripheral facial paralysis ina Case of Primary Amyloidosis, Fernando J. Ruiz-Laiglesia, MD; Juan I. Perez
http://archinte.ama-assn.org/issues/v158n18/ffull/ilt1012-1.html
Select Journal or Resource JAMA Archives of Dermatology Facial Plastic Surgery Family Medicine (1992-2000) General Psychiatry Internal Medicine Neurology Ophthalmology Surgery MSJAMA Science News Updates Meetings Peer Review Congress
The page you requested was not found. The JAMA Archives Journals Web site has been redesigned to provide you with improved layout, features, and functionality. The location of the page you requested may have changed. To find the page you requested, click here HOME CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Error 404 - "Not Found"

85. Bell's Palsy
1.12 Bell's Palsy (Idiopathic facial paralysis). Presentation. Stankiewicz JAA review of the published data on steroids and idiopathic facial paralysis.
http://www.ncemi.org/cse/cse0112.htm
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1.12 Bell's Palsy (Idiopathic Facial Paralysis)
Presentation
This condition creates a very frightening facial disfigurement. An adult complains of sudden onset of "numbness," a feeling of fullness or swelling, pain or some other change in sensation on one side of the face; a crooked smile, mouth "drawing" or some other asymmetrical weakness of facial muscles; an irritated, dry or tearing eye; drooling out of the corner of the mouth; or changes in hearing or taste. Often there will have been a viral illness one to three weeks before. Upon initial observation of the patient, it is immediately apparent that he is alert and oriented, with a unilateral facial paralysis that includes one side of the forehead.
What to do:
  • Perform a thorough neurological examination of cranial and upper cervical nerves, and limb strength, noting which are involved, and whether unilaterally or bilaterally. Ask the patient to wrinkle the forehead, close the eyes forcefully, smile, puff the cheeks and whistle, observing closely for facial assymetry. Central or cerebral lesions result in relative sparing of the forehead. Check tearing, ability to close the eye and protect the cornea, corneal dessication, hearing, and, when practical, taste. Examine the ear canals for herpetic vesicles and the tympanic membrane for signs of otitis media or cholesteatoma. Patients presenting with facial paralysis accompanied by acute otitis media, chronic suppurative middle ear disease, otorrhea or otitis externa require otolaryngologic consultation.

86. Welcome To ENH.org - Health Encyclopedia: Facial Paralysis
facial paralysis. Definition facial paralysis is the total loss of voluntary musclemovement of one side of the face. Alternative Names Paralysis of the face.
http://www.enh.org/Encyclopedia/ency/article/003028.asp

Disease Reference
Injury Reference Test Reference Nutrition Reference ... Symptoms Reference
Facial paralysis
Disease Injury Nutrition Poison ... Y Definition: Facial paralysis is the total loss of voluntary muscle movement of one side of the face.
Alternative Names: Paralysis of the face
Considerations: Facial paralysis in adults is often due to Bell's palsy . This disorder (probably derived from a virus) is characterized by a drooping mouth, dribbling saliva from the mouth, and problems with tearing from the affected eye. The consequences of Bell's palsy are mostly cosmetic. While the facial distortion usually improves over time, there is often some permanent deformity. Sometimes there is loss of taste on the same side of the tongue which the face is affected. Sound may also be louder on the affected side.
In facial paralysis due to stroke , the eye on the affected side can be closed and the forehead can be wrinkled. This is not possible with Bell's palsy. Other muscles on one side of the body are also often involved with a stroke.
Brain tumor
symptoms generally develop gradually with accompanying headaches seizures , or hearing loss.

87. Facial Paralysis-nerve Regeneration At Suggest To Webmaster
Forums ) facial paralysis......facial paralysisnerve regeneration (Suggest to Webmaster). All ForumsSuggest to Webmaster (
http://www.curezone.com/forums/m.asp?f=36&i=435

88. Peripheral Facial Paralysis (PFP) And HIV Infection In Togo
TITRE PERIPHERAL facial paralysis (PFP) AND HIV INFECTION IN TOGO Peripheralfacial paralysis is frequently associated to HIV infection.
http://www.tg.refer.org/togo_ct/medecine/neuro/publis/periph.htm
TITRE
PERIPHERAL FACIAL PARALYSIS (P F P) AND HIV INFECTION IN TOGO

Journal : Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Tome :
Auteurs
BALOGOU, A. K.; KPEMISSI, E.; NACK-NACK, M.; ANANI, J.; AGBOLI, K.; PRINCE-DAVID, M.; GRUNITZKY, E. K.
The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV in a group of 150 patients with PFP and to study the semiological and evolutive aspect of PFP in patients without HIV.
There was no difference on clinical features between patients with or without HIV infection. Cerebrospinal fluid was normal in patient without HIV infection, but it showed pleiocytosis in patient with HIV infection (87,88 %). Of the HIV carriers, 14 % presented a recurrence. A total of 26,32 % of the patients screened in 1990 developped AIDS when followed up.
Peripheral Facial Paralysis is frequently associated to HIV infection. An HIV test must be proposed to all patient with PFP in Africa.

89. Bell's Palsy: Facial Paralysis - Nervous System & Brain Disorders
BELL'S PALSY. What is Bell's Palsy? Bell's palsy is a form of facialparalysis resulting from damage to the 7th (facial) cranial nerve.
http://www.medicalconsumerguide.com/primary_care/nervous_system_brain_disorders/
Primary Care
Elective Care

Dental

Vision
... Traumatic Brain Injury
BELL'S PALSY
What is Bell's Palsy?
Bell's palsy is a form of facial paralysis resulting from damage to the 7th (facial) cranial nerve. This nerve disorder afflicts approximately 40,000 Americans each year. It can strike almost anyone at any age; however, it disproportionately attacks pregnant women and people who have diabetes, influenza, a cold, or some other upper respiratory ailment. In addition to one-sided facial paralysis with possible inability to close the eye, symptoms of Bell's palsy may include pain, tearing, drooling, hypersensitivity to sound in the affected ear, and impairment of taste. Researchers in Japan identified the common cold sore virus, herpes simplex, as the likely cause of most cases of Bell's palsy.
What is the Treatment for Bell's Palsy?

90. Clinical Reports
Addictions. Anxiety and Depression. facial paralysis. Stroke Rehabilitation. More 50 Cases of facial paralysis Treated by Acupuncture and Massage.
http://www.acuhealing.com/clinicreports/facelift.htm
Home Dr. Lingling Li Acupuncture Chinese Herbs ... Patient's Comments ] [ Clinic Reports ] Arthritis Lower Back Pain Tennis Elbow Cervical Spondylopathy Ankle and Foot Pain Periarthritis of Shoulder Sciatica Headache Addictions Anxiety and Depression Facial Paralysis Stroke Rehabilitation More... 50 Cases of Facial Paralysis Treated by Acupuncture and Massage Facial paralysis a disease for which western medicine does not have effective solutions to treat. By contrast, my colleagues and I have applied acupuncture and Chinese massage to patients to obtain satisfactory results. Materials: Among the 50 cases, 25 were males, 25 females, with the age between 14 to 69 years old. The illness courses ranged from five days to 1.5 years. Among 50 cases, 28 of them were palsy on left side, others on right. Acupuncture points: According to the theory of "the major acupoints are on the Channel", we take the points of the Yangming and Shaoyin Channels as main acupoints. Either of the following two selected acupoint groups can be applied. First group: Yifeng, Dicang, Jiache, Qianzheng, Wangu, Sibai, Sizukong, Tinghui;

91. Health Library Find Information On Facial Paralysis At
Find information on facial paralysis at MerckSource. Learn more aboutFacial facial paralysis. Definition facial paralysis is the
http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_adam.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcns

92. Aciclovir For Bell's Palsy (idiopathic Facial Paralysis) (Cochrane Review)
Software Ltd. All rights reserved. Aciclovir for Bell's palsy (idiopathicfacial paralysis) (Cochrane Review). Sipe J, Dunn L. ABSTRACT A
http://www.mediscope.ch/cochrane-abstracts/ab001869.htm
From The Cochrane Libary, Issue 4, 2001 . Prepared and published by Update Software Ltd
Aciclovir for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) (Cochrane Review)
Sipe J, Dunn L ABSTRACT A substantive amendment to this systematic review was last made on 28 August 2001. Cochrane reviews are regularly checked and updated if necessary. Background: The most common disorder of the facial nerve is acute idiopathic facial paralysis or Bell's palsy and there may be significant morbidity or incomplete recovery associated with severe cases. Although the cause remains unknown, recent evidence suggests a possible association with Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. To test this hypothesis clinically four clinical trials have used aciclovir, an antiviral agent, either alone or in combination with corticosteroids to treat Bell's palsy. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of aciclovir for treating Bell's palsy and to evaluate any adverse effects of the drug treatment. Search strategy: Search of the Cochrane Neuromuscular Disease Group register, MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases for randomised trials. We also contacted authors of identified trials. Selection criteria: Randomised or quasi-randomised trials of aciclovir therapy, alone or in combination with any other drug, in patients with Bell's palsy.

93. [Compared Characteristics Of Peripheral Facial Paralysis
facial paralysis is a welldescribed manifestation of HIV infection. Abstractfacial paralysis is a well-described manifestation of HIV infection.
http://www.aegis.com/pubs/aidsline/2000/oct/A00A1132.html
Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 2000. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
[Compared characteristics of peripheral facial paralysis according to HIV status in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)] Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2000 Apr;93(2):104-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20321951
Millogo A; Ki-Zerbo GA; Sawadogo AB; Ouedraogo I; Tamini MM; Service de medecine interne, Centre hospitalier national Souro; Sanou, Burkina Faso. athanase_millogo@hotmail.com Abstract: Facial paralysis is a well-described manifestation of HIV infection. We report 27 cases of peripheral facial paralysis observed at Bobo-Dioulasso Hospital in a prospective study over a period of 9 months: 55 of the cases were HIV positive and 12/15 (80%) were in the 20-39 age group. Nine out of 11 females and 6 out of 16 males were seropositive. 13 of the cases were at stage B of CDC classification and 2 at stage C. ESR was elevated in all the HIV patients. CSF examination revealed lymphocytic pleiocytosis, elevated proteins and a positive HIV serology. CD4 counts were obtained in 8 cases and were under 400/mm3 in 4 cases. The clinical presentation was more severe in HIV seropositives with a longer duration of symptoms. Isolated peripheral facial paralysis associated with an elevated ESR in young adults suggest HIV infection and should lead to HIV counselling and testing. Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE peripheriques selon le statut VIH a Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS Adult Burkina Faso Comparative Study CD4 Lymphocyte Count English Abstract Facial Paralysis/*COMPLICATIONS Female Human HIV Seropositivity/*COMPLICATIONS Male Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/COMPLICATIONS Prospective Studies

94. Newspapers
Quotation From Newspapers. Shanghai Popular Health News September 30, 1995.Original Traditional Chinese Remedy For The Cure Of facial paralysis.
http://www.facesickness.com/newspapers.htm

Quotation From Newspapers
Shanghai Popular Health News
September 30, 1995 Original Traditional Chinese Remedy For The Cure Of Facial Paralysis Dr. Zhengqi Lou, renowned as the rescuer against facial paralysis, won the award of "Outstanding Achievement" and the title of "Chinese Medicine Star" in the 2nd World Traditional Medicine Conference held in Beijing. His unique treatment with an effective rate of 97% has helped over 2,000 patients recover from the suffering.
Facial paralysis, which is also referred to as facial nerve paralysis, is commonly known as being triggered by virus infection or cold. Zhengqi Lou summarized his years of clinic experience into 5 different sets of facial paralysis treatments. The painless plaster therapy takes immediate effect in 3 days for intense paralysis and totally cures the disease in one month, leaving no sequela. For chronic paralysis, the therapy takes effect after three times of treatment and alleviates the symptom after three periods of treatment.
Xinmin Evening News
October 14, 1996

95. Worldbook Medical Encyclopedia > Fabrys Disease - Fused Joint > Facial Paralysis
Worldbook Medical Encyclopedia Fabrys disease Fused joint facial paralysisfacial paralysis. Documents 1 - 10 of 148 on the subject facial paralysis
http://www.surfablebooks.com/wbmedical/31227/31231/1.htm

Worldbook Medical Encyclopedia
Fabrys disease - Fused joint Facial paralysis Facial paralysis Search the Web with All Surfable Books World Book Encyclopedia 2000 World Book Medical Encyclopedia Geography History Humanities Industry and Technology Life Science Physical Science and Math Recreation Social Science
Documents 1 - 10 of 148 on the subject : Facial paralysis Public Educational Sources News and Magazines Encyclopedias Causes of Facial Paralysis
Causes of Facial Paralysis Ramsey-Hunt... symptoms include a facial paralysis... Syndrome Facial paralysis caused the chicken... Facial paralysis caused the chicken pox... facial muscles. Exploration... Bell’s palsy except steroids... inactive within the nerves. Upon exposure... head and face. Severe head trauma... Ramsey-Hunt Syndrome Facial paralysis caused... Treatment of the facial paralysis... include a facial paralysis... nerve for Bell’s palsy also apply...
http://www.earsite.com/facial_paralysis/ramsey_hunt.html

Facial Paralysis
Facial Paralysis Back... cosmetic. While the facial distortion usually improves... Alternative names: paralysis of the face... disease, an infection caused by Bartonella henselae... Bell's palsy. Other muscles on one side... Is there weakness or paralysis... due to Bell's palsy. This disorder (probably... bacteria. "Facial nerve palsy (paralysis)... side of the face. Alternative names:... Back Facial Paralysis - GENERAL... people. In facial paralysis due... Considerations: Facial paralysis in adults...

96. AAFPRS - Facial Plastic Times Vol. 15 #1 Page 4
Each individual with facial paralysis requires a detailed analysisof deformities and concerns in order to plan for reanimation.
http://www.facial-plastic-surgery.org/patient/fps_today/vol15_1/vol15_1pg4.html
First Quarter 2001, Vol. 15, No. 1 hink about how devastating it would be if you were unable to smile or show any facial expression. Facial weakness or paralysis is due to disorders of the facial nerve; disorders can be caused by tumors, trauma, or unknown conditions (e.g., Bell's Palsy). Your facial plastic surgeon, specializing in head and neck surgery, has specific training and experience in managing facial nerve disorders and can provide the appropriate diagnosis and treatment, which are very important for optimal recovery of facial nerve function. What is the facial nerve? It is comprised of 7,000 individual nerve fibers that carry electrical impulses to facial muscles, tear glands, saliva glands, the middle ear, and taste buds. Information that is passed through these fibers allows us to smile, frown, laugh, cry, and taste. When the fibers are irritated, movements may appear as spasms or twitching; when half or more of the nerve fibers are severed, facial weakness can occur. Due to the complexity of the facial nerve, disorders may result in twitching, weakness, or paralysis, dryness of the eye or mouth, or disturbance of taste. Each individual with facial paralysis requires a detailed analysis of deformities and concerns in order to plan for reanimation. Facial paralysis, usually affecting one side of the face, can cause problems of the eyebrow, eyelid, cheek muscles, and mouth. Even patients with permanent facial nerve injury, however, can improve function and appearance with facial reanimation surgery.

97. Ibidem: Judge Garzon Suffers Facial Paralysis
« This is bizarre, and sounds Main Here's an update on » November 25, 2002.Judge Garzon Suffers facial paralysis. Judge Garzon Suffers facial paralysis.
http://ibidem.blogmosis.com/archives/003301.html
Main
November 25, 2002
Judge Garzon Suffers Facial Paralysis
Judge Garzon Suffers Facial Paralysis The wires are reporting, that Spain's top anti-terrorism judge, Baltazar Garzon, is suffering from facial paralysis and hypertension. It seems he has a "pinched nerve in his ear?" If you're from the US you're probably saying, "Who?" But here in Spain, Baltazar Garzon is almost of superstar status. Already a top judge, the Socialists even put him on their party ticket in the 1980s as an independent. Garzon didn't last long, hanging up his political hat, and replacing it once again with his black robe. Latin Americans, and readers from the UK, now Garzon when he attempted to try Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet on human rights charges in 1998. Garzon has also been active in the war on drugs, and money laundering. Garzon has not only gone after Spanish terrorists - ETA, GRAPO, etc - but also against al-Queda militants. Spain's national news agency Efe said the ailment was due to the magistrate's "intense workload". TrackBack
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98. Bell's Palsy
Symptoms depend upon the extent of nerve damage. Symptoms can include OneSidedfacial paralysis; Inability to Close One Eye; Inability to Smile;
http://jhhs.client.web-health.com/web-health/topics/GeneralHealth/generalhealths

99. Neuromuscular Facial Retraining Program
To address the unique rehabilitation problems associated with facial paralysis,the specialists at the MCW and Froedtert Hospital established the first
http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/927087450.html
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Neuromuscular Facial Retraining Program
Facial paralysis affects not only the way others see us, but also the way we perceive ourselves. An individual with facial paralysis is often confronted with distorted facial expression, speech disorders and chewing/swallowing problems. Recognizing the unique rehabilitation problems associated with facial paralysis, the Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences at the Medical College of Wisconsin and Froedtert Memorial Lutheran Hospital have established the first Neuromuscular Facial Retraining Program in the Milwaukee area. The Neuromuscular Facial Retraining Program (NFRP) offers outpatient rehabilitation services designed to regain symmetrical facial movement and to reduce or eliminate associated speech and swallowing problems. Similar programs elsewhere in the United States have demonstrated that specific, intense retraining of central nervous system pathways can improve facial nerve function. This program's emphasis on controlled movement and symmetry in therapy is in contrast to traditional programs that stress speed of movement.

100. Department Of Surgery
INNOVATIONS IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF facial paralysis Reanimating theParalyzed Face. facial paralysis is a potentially devastating disorder.
http://www.uhmc.sunysb.edu/surgery/facial-paralysis.html
Departmental News
INNOVATIONS IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF FACIAL PARALYSIS: Reanimating the Paralyzed Face
Facial paralysis is a potentially devastating disorder. Few impairments have a more negative effect on the quality of an individual's life. The paralysis, which results from injury to the facial nerve, can lead to a variety of troubling symptoms, including ocular problems, speech difficulties, drooling, and nasal obstruction. Thus, this disorder can be quite debilitating for patients who suffer the emotional impact from the facial disfigurement as well as difficulties with communication, eating, and drinking in a social setting. At Stony Brook, Maisie L. Shindo, MD , associate professor of surgery (otolaryngology-head and neck surgery) and director of head and neck oncology, is using the latest microsurgical techniques in the treatment of facial paralysis which have the ability to reanimate the face and restore spontaneous facial mimetic function. A highly respected figure in her subspecialty, Dr. Shindo has gained national recognition for her expertise in the treatment of facial paralysis, as well as the art of microvascular free-flap reconstruction in the head and neck region. In addition, her specialties include the treatment of thyroid and parathyroid disorders, head and neck cancers, voice disorders, and paralyzed vocal cords.
The Facial Nerve The facial nerve has many functions, of which the most physically obvious are the conveyance of emotion, eye closure, and assistance with speech and chewing. Nerve injury causing facial paralysis may result from tumor growth; trauma; surgical procedures involving the parotid gland, ear, and skull base; infection; and several other causes. The facial nerve is further susceptible to spasm from compression by nearby intracranial vessels or tumors. It has a tortuous bony course longer than any other nerve through the densest bone in the body, making surgery on it quite difficult.

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