1. Hantavirus Information Network Information about the North American hantavirus, HPS epidemiology statistics, prevention, and links. http://www.hantavirus.net/

2. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, Disease Information, NCID, CDC Resources, research, and articles about hantavirus and preventing it.Category Science Agriculture Animals Insects Beekeeping Diseases...... Useful Sites, Infectious Disease Information. hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome. hantavirusPulmonary Syndrome (hantavirus) and Animals Fact sheet. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hanta/hantvrus.htm

Infectious Disease Information Contents Infectious Diseases Information Index Useful Sites Infectious Disease Information Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome All about Hantavirus Comprehensive cause, prevalence, prevention, and treatment information for the general public and health professionals Research and Resources Links to articles and research, laboratory guidelines, multimedia presentations, and other online resources both inside and outside CDC Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (hantavirus) and Animals Fact sheet Preventing Hantavirus Disease (Educational video, adapted for online viewing with still images and downloadable clips. 1994 Top of Page NCID Home Disease Information NCID Organization ... Health Topics A-Z This page last reviewed October 17, 2002 National Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Privacy Policy Accessibility

3. Hantavirus Statistics and information. http://www.umaa.org/hanta.htm

HANTAVIRUS DAN ARIAZ Vector Control Environmental health Service Division Washoe County Health Department Reno, NV 89520 With 50.8% of the deer mice tested in Vya (in northern Washoe county, Nevada) positive for Hantavirus (Table 1), a proactive approach to control a possible outbreak of the virus in employees was accomplished in the summer of 1994. The location is a Road Department substation and residence for employees. The liability to Washoe County was felt to be great, so many hundreds of hours and many thousands of dollars were spent in refurbishing the site and in rodent control. Table 1. Hantavirus (Muerto Canyon) Serosurvey Washoe County, Nevada Peromyscus Tested Peromyscus Positive % Positive Lemmon Valley Caughlin Ranch Verdi Elem. Spanish Sprs. Davis Creek Golden Valley Bella Vista Damonte Ranch Totals UNR Dairy Misc. Lakeridge Panther Dr. UNR San Rapheal Vya UNR Lemmon Valley Totals Although serious, the incident has a humorous side as evidenced by the following poem written by Gary Minto, a Road Department employee. VYA ON MY MIND I have a few good reasons for drinking and one just entered my head

4. All About Hantavirus (CDC): Main Index General information, technical resources for healthcare providers, contacts, case reports and maps, Category Health Conditions and Diseases hantavirus......National Center for Infectious Diseases All About hantavirus Home Contact Us, Introduction to hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS). http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hanta/hps/

National Center for Infectious Diseases All About Hantavirus Home Contact Us Site Contents General Information Technical Information State Contacts Case Information ... Web Page Test Acknowledgements Go To... Special Pathogens Branch Web Page NCID Home CDC Home Quick Navigation General Information About HPS Choose a Topic - General Information Index - How Is HPS Transmitted? - Who Is at Risk? - What Are the Symptoms? - How Is HPS Prevented? - What Is the Treatment? - Tracking a Mystery Disease (History) Technical Information About HPS Choose a Topic - Technical Information Index - HPS Case Definition - Clinical Manifestations - Treatment - Histopathology - Pathology - Diagnostics - Epidemiology - Ecology - Virology - Prevention - Submitting Specimens - Satellite Conference Questions and Answers Introduction to Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Small But Deadly Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) has been recognized as a disease only recently in North America. So far, it's also fairly uncommon and the chances of becoming infected are low. However, HPS is potentially deadly and immediate intensive care is essential once symptoms appear.

5. Four Corners Hantavirus agents for two acute diseases hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). http://www.bocklabs.wisc.edu/ed/hanta.html

6. Stalking The Deadly Hantavirus 1994 article from The Scientist recounting the response to this microbe by scientists of various disciplines. Stalking The Deadly hantavirus A Study In Teamwork http://www.bocklabs.wisc.edu/ed/newhant1.html

7. FASEB Breakthroughs Essay - The Hantavirus Their Importance To Society Serendipi Information regarding symptoms and prevention measures for hantavirus It is a virus that causes hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), a form of adult respiratory disease syndrome. http://www.faseb.org/opar/hanta.html

8. Hantavirus Fact Sheet Defines the disease, details various symptoms occurring in victims of the virus, and provides preventative measures against it. Communicable Disease Fact Sheet. hantavirus. What is hantavirus? What are the symptoms of hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome? http://www.metrokc.gov/health/prevcont/hanta.htm

Communicable Disease Fact Sheet HANTAVIRUS What is Hantavirus? What are the symptoms of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome? How is a person exposed? What does the deer mouse look like? ... How do I clean where mice have fed or nested? What is Hantavirus? It is a virus that causes a rare, newly described disease, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), a form of adult respiratory disease syndrome. HPS was first reported in the United States in the spring of 1993. As of December, 1999, twenty one cases had been reported in Washington. Cases were reported in Lincoln, Adams, Lewis, Yakima, Stevens, Grant, Franklin, Snohomish and King counties. What are the symptoms of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome? Symptoms develop in one to six weeks after exposure to aerosolized virus. The first symptoms are fever, chills, muscle aches, and sometimes nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The muscle aches are often severe, and occur in the thighs, hips, back and sometimes the shoulder. Some patients will develop coughing and shortness of breath within a few days. Others may go for as long as a week with the other symptoms before developing a cough and shortness of breath, followed by the abrupt onset of respiratory distress, often severe and fatal. Extremely low blood pressure usually accompanies severe cases of HPS. Mortality is about 40 to 50 percent of people who get HPS disease.

9. Colorado Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome hantavirus FAQs about this deadly disease. http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/dc/zoonosis/hantafaq.html

Hantavirus Frequently Asked Questions Q. I've been hearing about Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in the news recently? What is it? A. HPS is a serious respiratory disease carried by certain wild rodents, mainly deer mice, and is passed to humans through contact with a rodent=s infected urine, droppings or saliva. Breathing in contaminated mist or dust is the most common form of transmission. Q. How serious is it? A. HPS is extremely serious and can be fatal; the case fatality rate is high. As of April 16, 2001, there have been 283 cases recognized nationwide with a case fatality of 38 percent. In Colorado, there have been 28 cases resulting in 14 deaths for a fatality rate of 50 percent. Q. Is there more risk of HPS this year due to the wet weather? A. This year there have been increased populations of some rodent hosts of hantaviruses in some areas because of increased vegetation resulting from wetter than usual weather. This increase is unlikely to be statewide, but in order to prevent HPS, precaution is recommended. As always, if you notice increased numbers of wild mice in rural areas, steps should be taken to minimize human contact with these rodents. Q. Who can get HPS?

10. CNN - Medical Machine Can Be Lifesaver For Hantavirus Victims - August 25, 1998 CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9808/25/hantavirus/

MAIN PAGE WORLD ASIANOW U.S. ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pagenet DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: Medical machine can be lifesaver for hantavirus victims The ECMO machine is used to treat hantavirus victims August 25, 1998 Web posted at: 10:26 p.m. EDT (0226 GMT) From Correspondent Jennifer Auther ALBUQUERQUE, New Mexico (CNN) The hantavirus is one of the deadliest viruses known. While there is no cure or specific treatment for the infection, there is one machine that seems to save lives. One week before she was hooked up to a life-saving medical device, Annie Merrian, 18, was cleaning a cabin in southwestern Colorado. Within days, she was drowning in serum from her own blood. With definitive tests pending, doctors at the University of New Mexico Hospital in Albuquerque were all but sure she had contracted the potentially deadly hantavirus. But they needed to buy time. "We do believe the ECMO can save critically ill patients with heart and lung failure from hantavirus," said the hospital's Dr. Mark Crowley.

11. All About Hantavirus (CDC): Main Index General information, technical resources for healthcare providers, contacts, case reports and maps, teaching resources, and news. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hanta/hps/index.htm

National Center for Infectious Diseases All About Hantavirus Home Contact Us Site Contents General Information Technical Information State Contacts Case Information ... Web Page Test Acknowledgements Go To... Special Pathogens Branch Web Page NCID Home CDC Home Quick Navigation General Information About HPS Choose a Topic - General Information Index - How Is HPS Transmitted? - Who Is at Risk? - What Are the Symptoms? - How Is HPS Prevented? - What Is the Treatment? - Tracking a Mystery Disease (History) Technical Information About HPS Choose a Topic - Technical Information Index - HPS Case Definition - Clinical Manifestations - Treatment - Histopathology - Pathology - Diagnostics - Epidemiology - Ecology - Virology - Prevention - Submitting Specimens - Satellite Conference Questions and Answers Introduction to Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Small But Deadly Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) has been recognized as a disease only recently in North America. So far, it's also fairly uncommon and the chances of becoming infected are low. However, HPS is potentially deadly and immediate intensive care is essential once symptoms appear.

12. Preventing HPS If the hantavirus occurs naturally in your area, you should wear a respirator maskwith a HEPA (highefficiency particulate air) filter, and be trained on how http://www.hantavirus.net/info3.html

13. OSH Answers: Hantavirus How can hantavirus enter my body? What occupations are atrisk? How can we prevent exposure to hantavirus? http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/diseases/hantavir.html

Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Contact Us Help Canada Site Subscriber's Corner ... Shop@CCOHS Hantavirus What is Hantavirus? How can Hantavirus enter my body? How does Hantavirus affect my health? What occupations are at risk? ... Where can I get more information? OSH Answers Feedback Printer Friendly Layout Inquiries Service The Inquiries Service at CCOHS answers questions on the health or safety concerns people have about the work they do. More on Inquiries Service Printer Friendly Layout Biological Hazards Hantavirus What is Hantavirus? Hantavirus is a virus that is found in the urine, saliva, or droppings of infected deer mice and some other wild rodents. It causes a rare but serious lung disease called Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). How can Hantavirus enter my body? People can contract the Hantavirus infection through inhalation of respirable droplets of saliva or urine, or through the dust of feces from infected wild rodents, especially the deer mouse. Transmission can also occur when contaminated material gets into broken skin, or possibly, ingested in contaminated food or water. Person-to-person transmission in North America has not been reported. A recent outbreak of 18 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in South America strongly suggests person-to-person transmission. However, the viruses isolated in South America are genetically distinct from those described in North America. How does Hantavirus affect my health?

14. Mundo Sano Informaci³n sobre diversas enfermedades transmisibles leishmaniasis, hantavirus , SIDA/HIV, Chagas, dengue, clamidiasis, malaria, paludismo, leptospirosis, salmonelosis, fiebre hemorr¡gica, estrogiloidiasis, criptococosis y borreliosis de Lyme. http://www.mundosano.org/

15. Emerging Viruses Research Center At the University of New Mexico School of Medicine. Includes diagnostic testing and disease information and links. http://hsc.unm.edu/pathology/HjelleLab/index.htm

UNM Homepage UNM Health Sciences Center UNM Pathology Department Home Emerging Viruses Research Center Hantavirus Reference Laboratory Lab History The Hjelle laboratory studies the evolutionary biology, vector biology, genetics, pathogenesis, immunology, replication, epidemiology and diagnosis of emerging viruses. We are most active in the study of zoonotic viruses (especially hantaviruses) but also have programs studying the pathogenesis and epidemiology of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma viruses (HTLVs vaccines against emerging viruses. Because we have amassed extensive experience and a large array of diagnostic antigens, we have become the major reference center for the Western Hemisphere for rapid and accurate hantavirus diagnosis. Email to BHjelle@salud.unm.edu Please send questions or suggestions regarding this web site to Webmaster Diagnostic Testing Genetic Vaccine Trials Center Molecular Epidemiology ... of HCPS Brian Hjelle's Laboratory Department of Pathology 337-BRF University of New Mexico School of Medicine 915 Camino de Salud NE Albuquerque, NM 87131-5301

16. Hantavirus Fact Sheet hantavirus. What is hantavirus? It is a virus that causes hantavirus PulmonarySyndrome (HPS), a form of adult respiratory disease syndrome. http://www.doh.wa.gov/topics/hanta.htm

You are here: DOH Home Topics A-Z » Hantavirus Search Employees Hantavirus What is hantavirus? It is a virus that causes Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), a form of adult respiratory disease syndrome. HPS was first reported in the United States in the spring of 1993. As of November 2001, 288 cases had been reported in the U.S. About 38 percent of the people died as a result of the infection. Have hantavirus cases occurred in Washington? Twenty-four HPS cases have been reported in Washington. Three cases have been reported in Lewis and Grant counties and two each in Lincoln, Stevens, Adams, Franklin, Klickitat, King, Snohomish, and Yakima counties. San Juan and Pierce counties have had one case each. What are the symptoms of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome? Symptoms usually begin one to three weeks after exposure to infected deer mice. HPS is characterized by fever, chills and muscle aches, followed by the abrupt onset of respiratory distress and shortness of breath. The muscle aches are severe, involving the thighs, hips, back and sometimes the shoulder. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Where is hantavirus found and how common is it?

17. Hantavirus: What Is It And What Can Be Done About It? Click here. MT 9404 Human Resource Development. hantavirus What is itand what can be done about it? compiled What is hantavirus? hantavirus http://www.montana.edu/wwwpb/pubs/mt9404.html

The Montana State University Extension Service is an educational resource dedicated to improving the quality of people's lives by providing research-based knowledge to strengthen the social, economic and environmental well-being of families, communities and agricultural enterprises. Take a look at more of our free publications or visit the Montana State University home page. Also, take a look at other health information from Montana State University Extension Would you rather have this in a printable PDF version viewable in Acrobat reader? Click here MT 9404 Human Resource Development Hantavirus: What is it and what can be done about it? compiled by Kathy Winters, former MSU Extension Health Education Specialist phone numbers modified 7/31/01 History Hantavirus has become a serious concern in the United States recently. Although the disease has been around for a long time, it was first identified during the Korean War in the early 1950s when about 3,000 United States and United Nations forces were infected. This elusive virus was named Hantaan in recognition of the Hantaan River which flows through Korea. A similar, though more virulent, virus gripped America in May 1993 when several young, basically healthy, adult Navajo Indians died mysteriously in the Four Corners region of the United States. By the end of October 1995, there were 119 confirmed cases attributed to hantavirus. In about 50 percent of those cases, the victims died. Three of those deaths were in Montana. The diseases that are caused by the hantatype virus are also found throughout Europe and other parts of Asia. However, they do not appear to be as deadly as those found in the United States. Between 100,000 and 200,000 people are affected worldwide each year.

18. Hantavirus INTERNET INFORMATION CENTER. hantavirus ON THE CHANNEL ISLANDS. There havebeen no documented cases of hantavirus at Channel Islands National Park. http://www.nps.gov/chis/hanta.htm

INTERNET INFORMATION CENTER HANTAVIRUS ON THE CHANNEL ISLANDS A strain of Hantavirus has been identified in mouse populations on Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, and San Miguel Islands in Channel Islands National Park. Only on remote Santa Barbara and Anacapa Islands was the virus not found. This virus is similar to the four corners strain and has been found in greater concentrations on the Channel Islands than at any other location. Up to 70 % of the mice tested carried the Hantavirus, yet here have been no reported human illnesses from contact on the islands. When the testing was performed in 1994 and the strain found, further tests were performed including testing of long term island residents and employees. There were no humans identified who tested positive for contact. Hantavirus (Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome) causes flu-like symptoms: fever, fatigue, muscle aches, cough, headaches, and vomiting. followed by rapid onset of respiratory distress 12 hours to several days later. The disease is spread through contact (aerosol or skin) with urine, feces, or nesting materials of rodents, or through contaminated food or water. This is a life-threatening illness. TO REDUCE YOUR RISK OF INFECTION: DO NOT FEED ANY WILD ANIMALS Avoid contact with rodents and rodent burrows Do not disturb dens Do not pitch tents or place sleeping bags in proximity to rodent feces or burrows or near possible rodent shelters If possible, do not sleep on bare ground. Use tents with floors.

19. DAAC Study: Hantavirus Risk Maps The deer mouse (shown here) and the whitefooted mouse (shown in the titlegraphic), carry viruses that can lead to hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Study/Hanta/

by Michon Scott February 5, 2002 The deer mouse (shown here) and the white-footed mouse (shown in the title graphic), carry viruses that can lead to hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. (Images courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) How can you minimize your risk of contracting hantavirus? Following these precautions may help: Make your home and workplace uninviting to rodents. Avoid leaving food where they can find it, and seal openings to your home with insulation and wire mesh. Avoid camping in trail shelters that may be rodent-infested. Refrain from stirring up dust, especially if you are entering a building or room that has been closed up for an extended period. If you find rodent droppings, don't sweep! Instead, carefully wet the area with detergent or disinfectant, pick up the contaminated materials with a damp towel, then mop or sponge the area with disinfectant. This image shows the relative size of deer mouse and white-footed mouse scat, compared with that of a cockroach and roof rat. (Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) For more information, see

20. Hanta Virus Alert are two principal diseases associated with the various strains of the virus onepulmonary (including pulmonary edema) called hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS http://www.samexplo.org/hanta.htm

Hanta virus Alert in South America Southern Cone Reports of frequently fatal diseases relating to the Hanta virus have been making front-page news in Chile and Argentina, and travelers should be aware of appropriate precautions in certain areas where activities could bring a visitor into contact with vector rodents. There are two principal diseases associated with the various strains of the virus: one pulmonary (including pulmonary edema) called Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) which is prevalent in cases in the United States, the other called Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) involving kidney failure, hemorrhage, and shock effects. Mortality in people has been reported at about 50 - 60% in cases reported in the southern cone, and up to 80% in the United States. In Argentina, over 70 cases of Hanta virus syndrome have been reported as diagnosed since 1987, when positive identification was made practical, although some sources indicate that the actual number may be closer to 200. (Note that in 1993 alone there were reportedly about 150 cases of Hanta virus syndrome in the US Four Corners areas, although the United States Center for Disease Control lists fewer than 100 cases). In Chile only 23 reports of Hanta virus-related illnesses had been reported as of September 1997, with 14 fatalities. Argentine health authorities have identified the following trekker huts (refugios) and rural or wilderness areas as being potentially infected or where precautions are recommended:

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