1. Insulin Resistance Syndrome - March 15, 2001 - American Family insulin resistance can be linked to diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease and other abnormalities. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010315/1159.html

Advanced Search Insulin Resistance Syndrome GOUTHAM RAO, M.D., A patient information handout on insulin resistance syndrome, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 1165. A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (5 pages / 67 KB). More information on using PDF files. o It is estimated that this syndrome affects 70 to 80 million Americans. Insulin resistance syndrome is characterized by hyperinsulinemia and an increased prevalence of obesity, hypertension, dyslipemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into tissues, and its ability to do so varies greatly among individual persons. In insulin resistance, tissues have a diminished ability to respond to the action of insulin. To compensate for resistance, the pancreas secretes more insulin. Insulin-resistant persons, therefore, have high plasma insulin levels. The syndrome can be defined as a cluster of abnormalities, including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes, that are associated with insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. However, a cause-and-effect relationship between insulin resistance, these diseases and the mechanisms through which insulin resistance influences their development has yet to be conclusively demonstrated. Components of Insulin Resistance Syndrome Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes is the condition most obviously linked to insulin resistance. Compensatory hyperinsulinemia helps maintain normal glucose levelsoften for decadesbefore overt diabetes develops. Eventually the beta cells of the pancreas are unable to overcome insulin resistance through hypersecretion. Glucose levels rise, and a diagnosis of diabetes can be made.

2. Articles "The Insulin Resistance Syndrome" Information about this syndrome, typically characterized by an abnormality in blood glucose metabolism.Category Health Conditions and Diseases insulin resistance......The insulin resistance Syndrome. Jennifer B. Marks,MD Universityof Miami School of Medicine. Reprinted with permission from The http://www.woundcare.org/newsvol1n3/ar1.htm

Insulin Resistance Syndrome Quantitative Debridement Evaluation Wound Care Charting Internet Update Wound Product Guide ... Electrical Stimulation The Insulin Resistance Syndrome Jennifer B. Marks,MD University of Miami School of Medicine Reprinted with permission from: The Monitor , Vol 1. Number 3, Spring 1996. A publication of the American Diabetes Association/Florida Affiliate, Inc./Southeast Region. This point was strikingly demonstrated by the PROCAM (Prospective Cardiovascular Munster) Study, in which the relationship between various cardiac risk factors and the incidence of heart attack over a four year period was examined in 2,754 men aged 40-65 years. The results showed that the presence of diabetes or high blood pressure alone increased the risk of heart attack by 2.5 times. When both diabetes and high blood pressure were present, the risk was increased 8 times. An abnormal lipid profile increased the risk 16 times; when abnormal lipid levels were present with high blood pressure and/or diabetes, the risk was 20 times higher. Treatment for the described metabolic syndrome therefore aims at treating all of: the features of the syndrome that exist in a given person.

3. Syndrome X And Insulin Resistance Column by Pat Kendall, PhD, RD of the Colorado State University Cooperative Extension.Category Health Conditions and Diseases insulin resistance......Syndrome X and insulin resistance. By Pat Kendall The term also hasbeen linked with another terminsulin resistance. Insulin is the http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/columnnn/nn971022.html

You are here: Home Nutrition News Golden Oldies Syndrome X and Insulin Resistance By Pat Kendall, Ph.D., R.D. Food Science and Human Nutrition Specialist Colorado State University Cooperative Extension October 22, 1997 You may recently have heard in the news about a sinister-sounding condition called Syndrome X. No, this isn't a newly discovered disease, but rather a new term for a cluster of conditions, that, when occurring together, may indicate a predisposition to diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. The term was first coined by a group of researchers at Stanford University to describe a cluster of symptoms, including high blood pressure, high triglycerides, decreased HDL and obesity, which tend to appear together in some individuals and increase their risk for diabetes and heart disease. HDL, known as the good cholesterol, and triglycerides are components of fat found in the blood. The term also has been linked with another terminsulin resistance. Insulin is the hormone responsible for getting energy, in the form of glucose, or blood sugar, into our cells. A person who is insulin-resistant has cells that respond sluggishly to the action of insulin. Following a meal, this person will have elevated glucose circulating in the blood, signaling yet more insulin to be released from the pancreas until the glucose is taken up by the cells. Experts suggest that 10 to 25 percent of the adult population may be resistant to insulin to some degree.

4. Mucus: Syndrome X/Insulin Resistance Information One woman's experiences with Syndrome X and tips on living with this disease. http://www.mucus.com

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5. The Apple Figure Is A Cause Of Insulin Resistance. The Apple Figure is a cause of insulin resistance. Learn why high insulin levels, type 2 diabetes, high triglycerides, and high blood pressure are linked. http://www.diabetesnet.com/irtips.html

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6. TREATMENT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE One physicians opinion about the treatment of insulin resistance.Category Health Conditions and Diseases insulin resistance......TREATMENT OF insulin resistance. Gabe Mirkin, MD. The relation between insulin resistanceand cardiovascular complications of the insulin resistance syndrome. http://www.drmirkin.com/diabetes/D222.html

Replaces 8283 TREATMENT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE Gabe Mirkin, M.D. Most people who develop diabetes in later life can be controlled so that they are not at increased risk for the many complications of diabetes such as heart attacks, strokes, blindness, deafness, amputations, kidney failure and burning foot syndrome. Late onset diabetes usually means that a person has too much insulin because his cells cannot respond to insulin. Too much insulin constricts arteries to cause heart attacks, and stimulates your brain and liver to make you hungry and manufacture fat. The insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) puts you at very high risk for a heart attack and is associated with storing fat in the belly, rather than the hips; having high blood triglyceride levels and low level of the good HDL cholesterol; high blood pressure and an increased tendency to form clots. If you have any of these signs, check with your doctor who will order a blood test called HBA1C. If it is high, you have diabetes and can usually be controlled with diet and/or medication. You should learn how to avoid foods that give the highest rise in blood sugar. When you eat, blood sugar level rises. The higher it rises, the more sugar sticks on cells. Once stuck on a cell membrane, sugar can never detach itself. It is converted to a poison called sorbitol that damages the cell to cause all the side effects of diabetes mentioned above. Avoid the foods that cause your blood sugar to rise quickly. These include all types of flour products: bread, spaghetti, macaroni, bagels, rolls, crackers, cookies and pretzels; refined corn products and white rice; and all sugar added products. Eat lots of vegetables, un-ground whole grains, beans, seeds and nuts. Eat fruits and root vegetables (potatoes, carrots and beets) only with other foods.

7. Insulin Resistance Syndrome American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists recently publised research and guidelines for insulin resistance and Syndrome X. http://www.aace.com/pub/BMI/findings.php

Quick Search AACEOnline Register Now Members Only Login Your e-mail password Need help logging in? Click here. Findings and Recommendations from the American College of Endocrinology Conference on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome On August 25-26, members of the American College of Endocrinology met in Washington D.C., where national and international experts addressed key questions about the causes, prevalence, assessment, prevention and treatment of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome. The following is a summary of the findings from that conference. 1. What is the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (IRS)? The Insulin Resistance Syndrome describes a condition that is characterized by decreased tissue sensitivity to the action of insulin, leading to a compensatory increase in insulin secretion. This metabolic dysfunction leads to a cluster of abnormalities with serious clinical consequences, most importantly, cardiovascular disease and/or type 2 diabetes. The Insulin Resistance Syndrome Conference extended the concept of the Metabolic Syndrome (NCEP/ATP III) by: 1) Addressing the underlying pathophysiology of insulin resistance, which leads not only to cardiovascular disease, but also to diabetes and other disorders.

8. Insulin Resistance Information about insulin resistance including tips for diagnosis, management and pharmaceutical management. Discusses possible causes, symptoms and long term consequences. http://www.insulin-resistance.com

9. Type II Diabetes Mellitus This page is part of a larger medical reference site, and provides a easy to read reference for consumers Category Health Conditions and Diseases insulin resistance...... Page, Diabetes Mellitus Index. http://www.fpnotebook.com/END9.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice Paid Advertisement (click above). Please see the privacy statement Endocrinology Diabetes Mellitus Assorted Pages Diabetes Mellitus Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Type II Diabetes Mellitus Insulin Resistance Syndrome ... Perioperative Diabetes Management Type II Diabetes Mellitus Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus NIDDM Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dental Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Endocrinology Index Adrenal Disease General Cardiovascular Medicine Diabetes Mellitus Examination Ophthalmology Geriatric Medicine Growth Hematology and Oncology Hypoglycemia Laboratory Metabolism Neonatology Obesity Obstetrics Parathyroid Disease Pediatrics Pharmacology Pituitary Disease Prevention Radiology Nephrology Sex Sports Medicine Surgery Symptom Evaluation Thyroid Disease Page Diabetes Mellitus Index Approach Approach Type I Approach Type II Approach Type Insulin Resistance Complication Complication DKA Complication Nonketotic Coma Management Education Management Glucose Resources See Also Diabetes Mellitus Epidemiology Represents 90% of all Diabetes Mellitus Typically occurs over age 40 years in obese patients Pathophysiology Impairment of pancreatic beta-cell function

10. Insulin Resistance Syndrome Woman's Diagnostic online article about screening for insulin resistance syndrome. Concise explanation of the syndrome and appropriate screening. http://www.wdxcyber.com/ngen10.htm

Insulin Resistance Syndrome Frederick R. Jelovsek MD Insulin resistance is an impaired metabolic response to our body's own insulin so that active muscle cells cannot take up glucose as easily as they should. In that situation, the blood insulin levels are chronically higher which inhibits our fat cells from giving up their energy stores to let us lose weight. This disorder is associated with obesity, hypertension, abnormal triglycerides, glucose intolerance (syndrome 'X") and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Many women with polycystic ovaries have this as well as women who have gestational diabetes in pregnancy. Up to 50% of patients with hypertension are estimated to have insulin resistance. The main problem is that this condition can exist unrecognized and metabolic damage can occur before a full blown Type 2 diabetes is finally diagnosed. Insulin resistant diabetics are 2-5 times more likely to die from heart attack or stroke than are non diabetics. While the complete mechanism of this disease is as yet unknown, a recent article, Granberry MC, Fonseca VA:

11. Overview Comprehensive references and resources about insulin resistance, and the associated conditions of syndrome x, polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Multiple handouts are links to resources. http://home.attbi.com/~creationsunltd/overview.htm

Insulin Resistance Research http://home.attbi.com/~creationsunltd/overview.htm Pat's Neighborhood http://home.attbi.com/~cnmpat Healthy Lifestyle Choices http://home.attbi.com/~cnmpat/siteindex.htm About Pat and Walt ... WA State Midwives Site Map: Masters Projects: CPGs and GDM Why This is Important Abstract of the Research Project References List For Research References for Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes ... Algorithm (.pdf) Helping Your Obese Client Contact Pat for more information: webmidwife1@attbi.com Diabetes Web Sites of Major Organizations Gestational Diabetes Mellitus GDM and Healthy Eating Handouts ... http://www.obgyn.net/displayppt.asp#perinatal [PowerPoint HTML] GDM Handouts: Guidelines for Healthy Eating http://www.members.home.net/webmidwife1/eathandout.htm Making Healthy Food Choices http://home.attbi.com/~creationsunltd/foodchoices.html What is it? http://home.attbi.com/~creationsunltd/aboutgdm.htm GDM Web Links http://home.attbi.com/~creationsunltd/gdmwebs.htnl References http://home.attbi.com/~creationsunltd/refcite.htm

12. You Need To Know About Insulin Resistance Diagnosis of insulin resistance Syndrome Woman's Diagnostic online article about screening for insulin resistance syndrome. Concise explanation of the syndrome and appropriate screening. http://www.healthtalk.com/den/110101

(view a sample) "Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance: What You Need to Know" Broadcast on Thursday, November 1, 2001 Featuring Emmy award-winning actress and diabetes activist Jane Seymour Real Player Windows ... Media 1 hour, 30 min. Download the full transcript of "Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance: What You Need to Know" as a PDF file. Transcript of "Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance: What You Need to Know" This webcast is sponsored through an unrestricted educational grant from GlaxoSmithKline. "Insulin resistance is the part of type 2 diabetes that leads to some very significant complications such as heart attacks, strokes, and poor circulation in the legs such as things and it needs to really be treated aggressively." - Dr. Richard Beaser, Joslin Diabetes Center Summary: Did you know that insulin resistance is closely related to type 2 diabetes? What is it? How do you prevent it? And what medications are available that lessen the impact of insulin resistance? Leading medical experts and Emmy Award-winning actress and diabetes advocate, Jane Seymour, talk about this important type 2 diabetes factor and ways you can prevent it. HealthTalk Guests: Jane Seymour Emmy award-winning actress and diabetes activist Richard Beaser, M.D.

13. Insulin Resistance From the makers of Avandia. Explains the concepts of insulin resistance and Type II Diabetes. http://www.avandia.com/right_for_you/aairesistance/aairesistance.jsp

14. Blood Sugar Level For Diabetics: What Is Insulin Resistance? Blood Sugar Level for Diabetics What is insulin resistance?, Diabetes Research, and Diabetes Education news, lifestyle and nutrition information, discussion groups, directory of nationwide affiliates. Online diabetes discussion boards and donations . http://www.joslin.harvard.edu/education/library/insulin_resistance.shtml

Our Second Century: Expanding the Legacy of Discovery and Care Diabetes News Patient Services Professional ... Contact Joslin What is Insulin Resistance? Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps unlock the body's cells so that sugar from the food we eat can be used by the cells for energy. In people with type 2 diabetes, a combination of problems occurs, and scientists aren't really sure which is the chicken and which is the egg. The person's body may not be producing enough insulin to meet their needs, so some sugar can't get into the cells. Sugar remains in the bloodstream, causing high blood sugar levels. In many cases, the person may actually be producing more insulin than one might reasonably expect that person to need to convert the amount of food they've eaten at a meal into energy. Their pancreas is actually working overtime to produce more insulin because the body's cells are resistant to the effects of insulin. Basically the cells, despite the presence of insulin in the bloodstream, don't become unlocked and don't let enough of the sugar in the blood into the cells.

15. Articles "The Insulin Resistance Syndrome" insulin resistance Syndrome. Quantitative Debridement Evaluation. Wound Care Charting http://woundcare.org/newsvol1n3/ar1.htm

Insulin Resistance Syndrome Quantitative Debridement Evaluation Wound Care Charting Internet Update Wound Product Guide ... Electrical Stimulation The Insulin Resistance Syndrome Jennifer B. Marks,MD University of Miami School of Medicine Reprinted with permission from: The Monitor , Vol 1. Number 3, Spring 1996. A publication of the American Diabetes Association/Florida Affiliate, Inc./Southeast Region. This point was strikingly demonstrated by the PROCAM (Prospective Cardiovascular Munster) Study, in which the relationship between various cardiac risk factors and the incidence of heart attack over a four year period was examined in 2,754 men aged 40-65 years. The results showed that the presence of diabetes or high blood pressure alone increased the risk of heart attack by 2.5 times. When both diabetes and high blood pressure were present, the risk was increased 8 times. An abnormal lipid profile increased the risk 16 times; when abnormal lipid levels were present with high blood pressure and/or diabetes, the risk was 20 times higher. Treatment for the described metabolic syndrome therefore aims at treating all of: the features of the syndrome that exist in a given person.

16. :: NDEI.org :: Multicomponent educational program on type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance designed for endocrinologists, diabetologists, primary care physicians, and other healthcare professionals. http://www.ndei.org/

CME Home Study Program: Type 2 Diabetes New Science, New Opportunities for Improved Outcomes Up to 2 Hours Category 1 Credit ... The Relative Contributions of Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Dysfunction to the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Updated 03/26/03 Slides on type 2 diabetes and related topics Diabetes in Discrete Populations: Hispanic/Latino Population Register online for CME programs NDEI CME Dinner Conferences NDEI CME Audioconferences: February 11 through March 27 Clinical Insights in Diabetes CME Home Study Program ... Insulin Resistance: Prelude to Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Commandments for Management of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Patient Management Privacy Statement

17. PCOS And Carbohydrates Several links about insulin resistance and carbohydratecontrolled diets. http://oak.cats.ohiou.edu/~cp391990/carb.html

PCOS and Carbohydrates Although there is no cure for PCOS, some women, including myself, have found a great deal of success by controlling the amount of carbohydrates that they consume each day. This type of treatment springs from the idea that PCOS and insulin resistance are linked. Not only do women who follow a carbohydrate-controlled diets lose weight, but they also find that their other symptoms, anovulation, hirisutism, and acne, improve as well. I have found controlling carbohydrates to be enormously beneficial to the improvement of my own symptoms. Read my story to find out more. Below are several links about insulin resistance and carbohydrate-controlled diets. Information on Low-Carb Diets A Brief Introduction to the Low Carb Concept Low Carbohydrate FAQ Low Carb Newbie's Handbook Low Carb Diet FAQ ... Everything Low Carb Treating PCOS with Carb-Controlled Diets PCOS.netLow Carb Dieting

18. Advanced Search insulin resistance Syndrome. To find your waistto-hip ratio, measure the smallestpart of your waist with a tape measure. What is insulin resistance syndrome? http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010315/1165ph.html

Advanced Search Please note: This information was as current as we could make it on the date given above. But medical information is always changing, and some information given here may be out of date. For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics, please visit familydoctor.org , the AAFP patient education Web site. An article on this topic is available in this issue of AFP Insulin Resistance Syndrome To find your waist-to-hip ratio, measure the smallest part of your waist with a tape measure. Don't hold in your stomach while you measure! Now measure the biggest part of your hips with a tape measure. Measure the part where your buttocks stick out the most. Divide your waist measurement by your hip measurement. The answer is your waist-to-hip ratio. A ratio that is bigger than 1.0 (for men) or 0.8 (for women) shows that your abdomen is obese. Note: the word "obese" means very much overweight. What is insulin resistance syndrome? Insulin is a kind of hormone. It helps your body store sugar in your tissues. Your body uses stored sugar for energy.

19. Syndrome-X The complete nutritional program to prevent and reverse insulin resistance. By Jack Challem, The Nutrition Reporter Burt Berkson, M.D., Ph.D. Melissa Diane Smith, nutrition counselor http://www.syndrome-x.com/

Packing on the pounds? Having difficulty losing weight? Cholesterol going up? Blood pressure on the rise? Feeling fuzzy? You may be at risk for Syndrome X... The Complete Nutritional Program to Prevent and Reverse Insulin Resistance (Order this book now!) By Jack Challem, Burt Berkson, M.D., Ph.D. Melissa Diane Smith, nutrition counselor Publication Date: January 14, 2000 Retail Price: 24.95 (U.S.) * Click here to read the book's Preface and Introduction * Click here to see the book's Table of Contents * Click here to read about the authors * Click here to read magazine articles about Syndrome X and Diabetes * Click here to find out how to order this Syndrome X book * Click here to email the authors Preface If you have never heard of Syndrome X, you're probably wondering: what is this mysterious condition, and why should you be concerned about it? The answer is very simple: you may already be suffering from it. We believe Syndrome X is a disorder that most people seriously risk developing by the time they reach middle age, if not before. Syndrome X can explain why you feel lousy today such as being tired and fuzzy minded. It can also age you faster than normal, setting the stage for catastrophic health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's, cancer, and other age-related diseases. A syndrome is a condition defined by a cluster of related symptoms or disorders. In this case, Syndrome X refers specifically to a group of health problems that can include insulin resistance (the inability to properly deal with dietary carbohydrates and sugars), abnormal blood fats (such as elevated cholesterol and triglycerides), overweight, and high blood pressure.

20. Insulin Resistance: The Hidden Disease You May Already Have The Hidden Disease You May Already Have By Jack Challem Copyright © 1997 by Jack Challem, The Nutrition Reporter. All rights reserved. http://www.nutritionreporter.com/insulin_resistance.html

Insulin Resistance: The Hidden Disease You May Already Have By Jack Challem You may already be suffering from one of the most common - and often overlooked - diseases to strike Americans. It's not a deadly new virus. Not cancer. Nor heart disease. It's a disease, surprisingly enough, caused by your body's inability to make the most of the food you eat. And as many as one in three people suffer from it. Doctors call this peculiar condition insulin resistance or, with a bit more mystique, Syndrome X. If the name doesn't ring a bell, the symptoms might: Feeling tired after you eat, and at other times when you shouldn't. Gaining a pound here and a pound there - and having difficulty losing them. Seeing your blood pressure creep up year and after year. And finding that your cholesterol does the same. Insulin resistance is the chief characteristic of adult-onset diabetes, which affects an estimated 15 million Americans. It also sets the stage for obesity and coronary heart disease - even if you're not diabetic. What can you do about it? The simple prescription is to eat right, take your vitamins and minerals, and exercise, because each reduces insulin resistance.

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