21. OneWorld Health :: South America Information about Chagas Disease, Visceral leishmaniasis and Cutaneous leishmaniasis by The Institute for One World Health. http://www.oneworldhealth.org/geography/southamerica.html

Chagas Disease Visceral Leishmaniasis Cutaneous Leishmaniasis iOWH's programs targeted to this region include Program 1: K-777 Program 2: A4VL and Program 4: CL Cream South America Sub-Saharan Africa South Asia ... South-East Asia Celera Compound Enters Development for Chagas' Disease Celera Press Release 02.14.02 Site Design: Studio Asterisk*

22. Mundo Sano Informaci³n sobre diversas enfermedades transmisibles leishmaniasis, hantavirus , SIDA/HIV, Chagas, dengue, clamidiasis, malaria, paludismo, leptospirosis, salmonelosis, fiebre hemorr¡gica, estrogiloidiasis, criptococosis y borreliosis de Lyme. http://www.mundosano.org/

23. The JI -- Abstracts: Stäger Et Al. 165 (12): 7064 Simona St¤ger, Deborah F. Smith and Paul M. Kaye. Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. Journal of Immunology. http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/abstract/165/12/7064

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... Reprint (PDF) Version of this Article Similar articles found in: The JI PubMed PubMed Citation This Article has been cited by: other online articles Search Medline for articles by: Kaye, P. M. Alert me when: new articles cite this article Download to Citation Manager The Journal of Immunology The American Association of Immunologists Immunization with a Recombinant Stage-Regulated Surface Protein from Leishmania donovani Induces Protection Against Visceral Leishmaniasis Deborah F. Smith and Paul M. Kaye Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; and Wellcome Trust Laboratories for Molecular Parasitology, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, United Kingdom Vaccination against visceral leishmaniasis has received limited attention compared with cutaneous leishmaniasis, although the need for an effective vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis is pressing. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that a recombinant

24. Leishmaniasis - Page 2 Clinical Features Human leishmanial infections can result in 2 main forms ofdisease, cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis (kalaazar). http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Frames/G-L/Leishmaniasis/body_Leishmaniasis_pag

[Last Modified: [Leishmania spp.] Clinical Features: Human leishmanial infections can result in 2 main forms of disease, cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar). The factors determining the form of disease include leishmanial species, geographic location, and immune response of the host. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is characterized by one or more cutaneous lesions on areas where sandflies have fed. Persons who have cutaneous leishmaniasis have one or more sores on their skin. The sores can change in size and appearance over time. They often end up looking somewhat like a volcano, with a raised edge and central crater. A scab covers some sores. The sores can be painless or painful. Some people have swollen glands near the sores (for example, in the armpit if the sores are on the arm or hand). Persons who have visceral leishmaniasis usually have fever, weight loss, and an enlarged spleen and liver (usually the spleen is bigger than the liver). Some patients have swollen glands. Certain blood tests are abnormal. For example, patients usually have low blood counts, including a low red blood cell count (anemia), low white blood cell count, and low platelet count. Some patients develop post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Visceral leishmaniasis is becoming an important opportunistic infection in areas where it coexists with HIV. Laboratory Diagnosis: Examination of Giemsa-stained slides of the relevant tissue is still the technique most commonly used to detect the parasite.

25. Leishmaniasis, All About Abstract, introduction, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential, ecology, treatment and control, drugs. From Medscape. http://www.medscape.com/SCP/IIM/1999/v16.n09/m1609.08.god/m1609.08.god-01.html

26. Index Of /2738m Introduction, morphology, transmission, immunology, and treatment. From the University of East London, B.Sc Applied Biology course project. http://homepages.uel.ac.uk/2738m/

Index of /2738m Name Last modified Size Description ... Parent Directory 27-Mar-2003 14:30 - Apache/1.3.26 Server at homepages.uel.ac.uk Port 80

27. EMedicine - Leishmaniasis : Article By Conjivaram Vidyashankar, MD leishmaniasis leishmaniasis is a zoonotic infection caused by the protozoa belongingto the genus Leishmania. leishmaniasis. Last Updated July 8, 2002, http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic1292.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Parasitology Leishmaniasis Last Updated: July 8, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: kala azar, black fever, Dumdum fever, Assam fever, infant’s splenomegaly, infantile splenomegaly, cutaneous leishmaniasis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis, VL AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Conjivaram Vidyashankar, MD , Consulting Staff, Department of Pediatrics, Military Hospital, Namkum, Ranchi, India Coauthor(s): Ruchir Agrawal, MD , Department of Allergy and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport Editor(s): Gary J Noel, MD , Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Mary L Windle, PharmD , Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy;

28. Treatment Of Leishmaniasis Treatment of leishmaniasis. Classical treatment For the treatmentof leishmaniasis the currently used drugs are limited to four. http://www.icp.ucl.ac.be/~opperd/parasites/leish5.htm

Treatment of Leishmaniasis Classical treatment For the treatment of Leishmaniasis the currently used drugs are limited to four. The first line compounds are the two pentavalent antimonials, sodium stibogluconate ( Pentostam ) and meglumine antimoniate ( Glucantime ). They have been used for the first time in 1947 and 1950, respectively. These drugs are administered parenterally at a dosage of 10-20 mg and respectively 28 Sb/kg per day for 10 to 30 days. Failures and relapses occur in all forms of leishmaniasis and constitute approximately 10-25% of cases. If these drugs are not effective, the second line compounds of pentamidine Lomidine ) and amphotericine B ( Fungizone ) are used, which have been introduced in 1940 and 1959, respectively. Read hear about antimony resistant leishmaniasis Experimental treatment No new drugs have been developed recently although some experimental drugs are going through clinical trials. These are: Allopurinol , a drug in use for the treatment of gout. It is supposed to function as an alternative substrate for the enzyme hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRTase), so allowing the incorporation of allopurinol riboside into RNA, which leads to the inhibition of protein synthesis in the parasite. It is also on trial for the treatment of Chagas'disease and the drug is now widely used for the treatment of leishmaniasis in dogs.

29. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. 24/10/01. Click here to start. Table of Contents. leishmaniasis.Lecture Topics. Introduction. The Parasite. Morphology. Morphology. http://homepages.uel.ac.uk/d.p.humber/powerpoint/leishmaniasis/

Leishmaniasis Click here to start Table of Contents Leishmaniasis Lecture Topics Introduction The Parasite ... PPT Slide Author: Dr David Humber Email: humber@uel.c.uk

30. MSF Access Website | The Campaign | Target Diseases | Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis is an old but largely unknown disease. Some facts about leishmaniasisAround 2 million people become ill with leishmaniasis every year. http://www.accessmed-msf.org/campaign/lsh01.shtm

print view HIV/AIDS Malaria Sleeping Sickness Tuberculosis ... Other Diseases The forgotten disease Leishmaniasis is an old but largely unknown disease. It has a long history. Indeed, it has been present in the Americas and in Africa for several centuries. In countries where insecticide spraying was widely used to control malaria in the 1950s, such as Bangladesh and Nepal, kala-azar virtually disappeared. In the 1970s, after the insecticide campaigns ceased, the disease made a significant comeback. One of the largest kala-azar epidemics ever documented occurred in 1978 in India (North Bihar) where over half a million people died. Today, this disease affects 12 million people in 88 countries. The majority of cases are in developing countries, especially in the poorest and most remote communities, among populations that are neglected by their governments and by the outside world. Unacknowledged and uncontrolled, this treatable disease continues to claim lives in remote areas. The parasite is transmitted by a sand fly living in tropical and temperate regions. The disease affects animals such as rodents and dogs, as well as humans. In humans the disease exists in different forms depending on the type of parasite and the immunity of the infected person. Thus it may present as simple skin ulcers, or in a progressive form that may permanently disfigure those infected, or as visceral leishmaniasis which invades the whole body. Some facts about leishmaniasis: Around 2 million people become ill with leishmaniasis every year. Only 30 per cent of this number are officially reported.

31. Leishmaniasis - 1 Dept. of Dermatology University of Iowa College of Medicine. leishmaniasis- Anterior Tibia. Return to Image Index page. Return to Image Index page. http://tray.dermatology.uiowa.edu/Leish001.htm

Dept. of Dermatology - University of Iowa College of Medicine Leishmaniasis - Anterior Tibia Return to Image Index page. Return to Image Index page. Return to Dermatology's Home page. August, 1996

32. Reprinted With Permission Of Clinical Infectious Diseases Includes leishmaniasis as one of the diseases studied in connection with Operations Desert Shield/Desert Storm. From Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses, reprinted from Clinical Infectious Diseases. http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/medical/med_impact.htm

The Impact of Infectious Diseases on the Health of U.S. Troops Deployed to the Persian Gulf During Operations Desert Shield/Desert Storm Kenneth C. Hyams Kevin Hanson F. Stephen Wignall Joel Escamilla Edward C. Oldfield III 1. Epidemiology Division, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 2. Office of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) Surgeon, I MEF, Camp Pendleton, California 3. U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia 4. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 5. Division of Infectious Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the U.S. Department of Defense or the U.S. Department of the Navy. Abstract An assessment was conducted of the impact of infectious diseases on the 697,000 U.S. troops deployed to the Persian Gulf during 1990-1991 in Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. The incidence of nonbattle injuries, including infectious diseases, during this conflict was lower than during previous wars involving U.S. military personnel. The major reported causes of morbidity were generally mild cases of acute diarrheal and upper respiratory disease. The most unexpected outcome was the lack of arboviral infections, particularly sandfly fever, and the occurrence among U.S. troops of 12 cases of visceral leishmaniasis due to

33. Cost B9 leishmaniasis seminar in Bruges, Belgium on 2931 May 2000 sponsored by COST-B9 (European Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research). http://www.icp.ucl.ac.be/cost/

Index Scientific programme Location Social programme Hotels ... Homepage Created by : Fred Opperdoes Last updated: May 16, 2000 Third COST B9 Congress on Antiprotozoal Chemotherapy and Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis Seminars, Bruges, Belgium, 28-31 May 2000 Post-doctoral positions available at the ICP Congress photographs Sponsored by: International Organization for Chemical Sciences in Development For Mosquito Bed Nets and Tsetse-Fly Traps Commission of the European Union For Parasitology Online Special low subscription rates for members of parasitological societies ... Home

34. SBRI: Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. Impact leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted bythe bite of a sandfly that is infected with Leishmania parasites. http://www.sbri.org/mission/disease/leishmania.asp

Leishmaniasis Home About SBRI Infectious Diseases African Sleeping Sickness ... Workshop Impact Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of a sandfly that is infected with Leishmania parasites. Currently 350 million people in 88 countries around the world are threatened and 12 million people are thought to be affected by leishmaniasis. Of the 1.5 – 2 million new cases of leishmaniasis estimated to occur annually, most occur in the tropics and subtropics. Leishmania /HIV co-infection is emerging as a serious new disease and it is increasingly frequent. It is considered a real threat in south-western Europe, such as Spain, Italy, France, and Portugal. (WHO/TDR/Stammers) Symptoms With the bite of an infected sandfly, Leishmania parasites are passed from one infected animal or human to others. Leishmaniasis is a spectrum of diseases, each distinctly manifested and all with potentially devastating consequences-disfigurement, damage to internal organs, death. In tandem with the steady rise in leishmaniasis is the increasing risk of co-infection in people with HIV/AIDS. Depending on the species of the infecting parasite, the spleen, liver, bone marrow, mucous membranes, and/or skin may be attacked. Leishmania donovani

35. Worldleish Official site of the World Congress of leishmaniasis. Includes meeting information and news. http://www.worldleish.org/

WorldLeish 1 5-9 May 1997 Istanbul, Turkey more about Worldleish 1 WorldLeish 2 21-24 May 2001 Crete, Greece more about Worldleish 2 WorldLeish 3 more about Worldleish 3 NEW Please check the [ Worldleish 3 ] site for updated information Please acknowledge that, the information provided in this web site is subject to further modifications and updates. Please contact alkan@med.ege.edu.tr for any questions.

36. Leishmaniasis Translate this page Atrás leishmaniasis La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad infecciosa provocadapor un parásito denominado leishmania. Según la Organización http://www.ondasalud.com/edicion/noticia/0,2458,23343,00.html

Newsletters Mapa del web Publicidad Niño ... Multimedia Leishmaniasis Tratamiento Enviar por correo a un amigo Aviso Legal Marca.com I I Ganar.com I I I Diariomedico.com I Correofarmaceutico.com I Ondasalud.com Estarguapa.com-Telva I Tugueb.com I Tiramillas.net I Conferencias I Novomedia I Recoprint

37. LEISHMANIASIS Translate this page leishmaniasis. Definición Infección con una especie de Leishmania.Inglés leishmaniasis. Francés LEISHMANIOSE. Ver también http://www.popin.org/~unpopterms/files/data/esp01285.htm

LEISHMANIASIS LEISHMANIASIS LEISHMANIOSE ENFERMEDADES PARASITARIAS Origen: POPLINE Regresar a POPIN Dictionario Home Page

38. LEISHMANIASIS leishmaniasis. Definition Infection with a species of Leishmania. Spanishleishmaniasis. French LEISHMANIOSE. See also PARASITIC DISEASES. http://www.popin.org/~unpopterms/files/data/eng01166.htm

LEISHMANIASIS Definition: Infection with a species of Leishmania. Spanish: LEISHMANIASIS French: LEISHMANIOSE See also: PARASITIC DISEASES Source: POPLINE Return to POPIN Dictionary Home Page

39. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. leishmaniasis Visceral leishmaniasis has emerged as a major coinfectionin people with HIV/AIDS in some regions of the world. Cutaneous http://www.niaid.nih.gov/newsroom/focuson/bugborne01/leish.htm

Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis, any of several diseases caused by single-celled parasites of the genus Leishmania , is spread to humans through the bite of the sandfly. About 12 million people are infected with Leishmania species worldwide, but it is rare in the United States. The parasite has infected large numbers of foxhounds in this country, however, causing health officials to closely monitor the disease to assess the risk of transmission to people. Visceral leishmaniasis, an infection of the internal organs, may produce fever, weight loss, anemia, and enlarged liver or spleen, or it may cause no symptoms. The disease is usually fatal if untreated. Visceral leishmaniasis has emerged as a major coinfection in people with HIV/AIDS in some regions of the world. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infection of the skin that produces multiple, often painful ulcers or sores. The sores can lead to permanent scarring. This form of the disease is most common in South America and the Middle East. Very rarely, cutaneous leishmaniasis is reported in southern Texas. Mucosal leishmaniasis is an infection of the nose, throat, mouth, and pharynx. If untreated the disease can destroy the nasal passages and soft palate. The disease is most common in South America, specifically Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru.

40. Component Of Fly Saliva Makes Promising Leishmaniasis Vaccine Component of Fly Saliva Makes Promising leishmaniasis Vaccine Researchers seekingto make a vaccine against a serious parasitic infection have discovered a http://www.niaid.nih.gov/newsroom/releases/leishvacc.htm

FOR RELEASE Monday, Aug. 6, 2001 Sam Perdue sp189u@nih.gov Component of Fly Saliva Makes Promising Leishmaniasis Vaccine Researchers seeking to make a vaccine against a serious parasitic infection have discovered a dose of fly saliva might be just what the doctor ordered. Leishmaniasis, a disabling and sometimes deadly tropical illness, is caused by a parasite transmitted to people through the bite of a sand fly. In a report released today, scientists from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) describe how a vaccine they developed against a component of sand fly saliva prevents leishmaniasis in mice. Leishmaniasis, a major health problem in many tropical and desert climates, has resisted efforts to develop an effective vaccine. "Today's report describes a novel vaccine," says NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "Rather than targeting the parasite, as is typical, our researchers produced a vaccine to the saliva of the insect that transmits the parasite. This approach could potentially be used to develop vaccines for other insect- or tick-borne diseases." Leishmaniasis refers to a group of related diseases. Different species of the single-celled parasite

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