41. Pages.infinit.net/macmike/internaf/archives/MJD.txt The prevalence of the disease is highest in Flores. In other parts of the world.machadojoseph disease has been recognized with increasing frequency. http://pages.infinit.net/macmike/internaf/archives/MJD.txt

42. MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE (Search FastHealth.com) MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE Ma·cha·doJo·seph disease The disease has been traced to Joseph Antone, aPortuguese seaman who emigrated from the Azores to California in 1845. http://www.fasthealth.com/dictionary/m/Machado-Joseph_disease.php

Dictionary FastHealth Email This! n Jo*seph fl Azorean-Portuguese families. A hereditary form of ataxia was found in the Machado family of Massachusetts and described by K. K. Nakano et al in an article published in 1972. In that same year a variant form of the disease was found in the Joseph family of California and described in a separate article published by B. I. Woods and H. H. Schaumburg. The disease has been traced to Joseph Antone, a Portuguese seaman who emigrated from the Azores to California in 1845. FastNurse Drug Search Hospital Search Find a Physician ... Dead Links

43. BUMC: Anita L. DeStefano GA. 1995. Correlation between CAG repeat length and clinical featuresin machadojoseph disease. Am J Hum Genet 1995; 5754-61. http://www.bumc.bu.edu/Departments/PageMain.asp?Page=5634&DepartmentID=358

44. IJDF IJDF. SYMPTOMS OF MACHADO JOSEPH DISEASE. HOW IS machadojoseph diseaseINHERITED? Machado Joseph Disease is an autosomal dominant disorder. http://ijdfnonprofit.freeyellow.com/page1.html

IJDF SYMPTOMS OF MACHADO JOSEPH DISEASE weakness in the arms and legs spasticity staggering, lurching gait,easily mistaken for drunkenness difficulty with speech and swallowing involuntary eye movements double vision frequent urination Symptoms most commonly begin between the ages of 15 and 40, but may appear earlier or much later in life. Progression may be fast or slow, and life expectancy ranges from 10-30 years after the disease begins. Neurologists have classified MJD into three types, depending on age at onset and characteristic symptoms. H OT L INKS MJD Research Northern California Information and Support Implications of Genetic Testing Gene Clinics HOW IS MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE INHERITED? Machado Joseph Disease is an autosomal dominant disorder. This means that each child of an affected parent has a 50 percent chance of inheriting the defective gene. MJD does not skip generations, but people at risk who escape the disease will not pass it on to their children or future generations. As with any inherited disorder, MJD is not contagious and cannot be "caught" by people who are not at risk. Prepared by Office of Scientific and Health Reports National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke Bethesda, Maryland 20892

45. Health In The XXI Century: A Vision Of The European Youth machadojoseph disease. The research in Portugal An ataxia without cure PredictingTest Program and Genetic Counselling What is the machado-joseph disease? http://www.cienciaviva.mct.pt/healthXXI/products.asp?lang=en

46. Medical Dictionary Online : Machado-Joseph Disease Link to the Medical Dictionary Online. machadojoseph disease. Dystonia is prominentin younger patients (referred to as Type I machado-joseph disease). http://www.online-medical-dictionary.org/medical-dictionary-m/Machado-Joseph-Dis

Medical Dictionary Online a free online medical dictionary search engine for definitions of medical terminology, pharmaceutical drugs, healthcare equipment, health conditions, medical devices, specialty terms and medical abbreviations. A B C D ... Link to the Medical Dictionary Online Machado-Joseph Disease A dominantly-inherited ataxia first described in people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subsequently identified in Brazil, Japan, China, and Australia. This disorder is classified as one of the SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS (Type 3) and has been associated with a mutation of the MJD1 gene on chromosome 14. Clinical features include progressive ataxia, dysarthria, postural instability, nystagmus, eyelid retraction, and facial fasciculations. Dystonia is prominent in younger patients (referred to as Type I Machado-Joseph Disease). Type II features ataxia and ocular signs; Type III features muscle atrophy and a sensorimotor neuropathy; and Type IV features extrapyramidal signs combined with a sensorimotor neuropathy. (From Clin Neurosci 1995;3(1):17-22; Ann Neurol 1998 Mar;43(3):288-96) Contact us with questions, suggestions or general feedback

47. NTU Media Release machadojoseph disease, also known as Groote Eylandt Syndrome, will be discussedin the context of what the disease is and how it affects people and the http://www.ntu.edu.au/mpr/mediareleases/mediareleases2002/august2002/groote.html

19 August Groote Eylandt Syndrome to be explored Media Release The inaugural 'Making a Difference' conference for direct support workers/carers of people with disabilities, to be held at the Northern Territory University, will feature one particular session of unusual local interest. Machado-Joseph Disease, also known as Groote Eylandt Syndrome, will be discussed in the context of what the disease is and how it affects people and the community in which they live, during the conference 21 - 22 August, 2002. Machado-Joseph Disease affects a number of Indigenous individuals living in Northeast Arnhem Land and was discovered during the 1960's on Groote Eylandt. Machado-Joseph Disease is a hereditary neurodegenerative condition that has been likened to Huntington's Disease, Parkinson's Disease and ALS (Lou Gehrig's Disease). According to the presenters of the session at the 'Making a Difference' conference, Rhonda Powell and Libby Morgan, the disease is characterised by weakness in the arms and legs and a general loss of motor control that eventually confines the patient to a wheelchair. Machado-Joseph Disease effects people of usually the one family, and can occur at a very young age. Currently there's no treatment or cure and the disease is eventually fatal .

48. DOENÇA DE MACHADO-JOSEPH Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive. Walter Olesko Arruda. Paulo Cesar TrevisolBittencourt.machado-joseph disease report on five members of a family. Abstract. http://sites.uol.com.br/paulo_ctb/joseph.htm

DOENÇA DE MACHADO-JOSEPH Descrição de cinco membros de uma família catarinense de origem açoriana Arq Neuropsiquiat (SP) 49(2):172-179, 1991 Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive Walter Olesko Arruda Paulo Cesar Trevisol-Bittencourt Machado-Joseph disease: report on five members of a family. Abstract Resumo Os autores apresentam o estudo realizado em 5 membros afetados de uma família portadora de Doença de Machado-Joseph. São abordados os diferentes típos clínicos da doença encontrados, bem como os exames complementares realizados, em particular os estudos de tomografia craniana, exames neurofisiológicos (eletromiografia, estudo de condução nervosa, estudo de potencial evocado auditivo), biópsias de nervo periférico e de músculo estriado esquelético com estudo histoquímico. Introdução A doença de Machado-Joseph é uma enfermidade neurodegenerativa do sistema nervoso, multi-sistêmica, descrita inicialmente em açorianos, e que não apresenta atualmente tratamento definido . A doença acomete igualmente homens e mulheres, com idade de início clínico variável, entre a segunda e a sexta décadas de vida . A enfermidade é transmitida geneticamente, por herança autossômica dominante. Estudos recentes

49. Host machadojoseph disease clinical, molecular, and metabolic characterizationin Chinese kindreds. Ann Neurol 1997;41446-52. 11. http://www.ym.edu.tw/neu/files/Soong/host.htm

Curriulum Vitae M.D., National Defense Medical Center Resident, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei ¬ü°ê ¯«¸g¾Ç¡BÂå¾Ç¿ò¶Ç¾Ç±M¬ìÂå®v Diplomate, American Board of Medical Genetics (Biochemical and Molecular Genetics) ¯«¸gÂå¾Ç¤¤¤ß¥DªvÂå®v present Staff physician, The Neurological Institute, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taipei ¶§©ú¤j¾Ç Ph.D. from National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine ¶§©ú¤j¾Ç Âå¾Ç¨t ±M¥ô±Ð±Â Professor, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine Fellow, American Academy of Neurology Publications 1. Soong BW, Chia LG, Chu F. Motor neuron disease, a clinical analysis in the Chinese. Chinese Med J 1982;30:231-8. 2. Soong BW, Casamassima AC, Fink JK, Constantopoulos G, Horwitz AL. Multiple sulfatase deficiency. Neurology (Cleveland) 1989;38:1273-5. 3. Fink JK, Filling-Katz MR, Sokol J, Cogan DG, Pikus A, Sonies B, Soong B, Comly ME, Pentchev P, Brady RO, Barton NW. Clinical spectrum of Niemann-Pick disease type C. Neurology 1989;39:1040-9. 4. Watanabe S, Watanabe T, Li WB, Soong BW, Chou JY. Expression of the germ cell alkaline phosphatase gene in human choriocarcinoma cells. J Bio Chem 1989;264:12611-9.

50. §ºªÃ¤åÂå®v 10. Soong BW, Cheng CH, Liu RS, Shan DE. machadojoseph disease clinical, molecular,and metabolic characterization in Chinese kindreds. Ann Neurol. http://www.ym.edu.tw/icm/PhD/Soong BW.htm

§ºª¤åÂå®v Dr. Bing-Wen Soong Dissertation ¡G Characterization and Transcriptional Study of the cea Gene of the Col E7 Plasmid. Col E7 cea °ò¦]¤§¯S©Ê¤ÀªR¤ÎÂà¿ý¤§¬ã¨s Related publication ¡G Soong BW , Lui FM, Chak KF. Characterization of the cea gene of the ColE7 plasmid. Mol Gen Genet. 1992;233:177-83. Soong BW , Hsieh SY, Chak KF. Molecular study of the expression of the ColE7 operon. Mol Gen Genet. 1994;243:477-81. Publication ¡G Soong BW , Chia LG, Chu F. Motor neuron disease, a clinical analysis in the Chinese. Chin Med J. 1982;30:231-8. Soong BW , Casamassima AC, Constantopoulos G, Horwitz AL. Multiple sulfatase deficiency. Neurology (Cleveland) 1989; 38:1273-5. Fink JK, Filling-Katz MR, Sokol J, Cogan DG, Pikus A, Sonies B, Soong BW , Comly ME, Pentchev P, Brady RO, Barton NW. Clinical spectrum of Niemann-Pick disease type C. Neurology. 1989;39:1040-9. Watanabe S, Watanabe T, Li WB, Soong BW , Chou JY. Expression of the germ cell alkaline phosphatase gene in human choriocarcinoma cells. J Bio Chem. 1989;264:12611-9. Soong BW , Tsai TF, Su TH, Kao KP, Hsiao KJ, Su TS. DNA polymorphism and deletion analysis of Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy gene in the Chinese. Am J Med Genet. 1991;38:593-600.

51. ¥xÆW¯«¸g¾Ç¥»¤g¸ê®Æ DE. machadojoseph disease clinical, molecular, and metabolic characterizationin Chinese kindreds. Ann Neurol 1997;41446-52. 08. http://www.neuro.org.tw/study/mov05.htm

¹B°Ê»Ùª¾Ç²Õ ¦^¤W¤@­¶ ½s¸¹ Soong BW, Chia LG, Chu F. Motor neuron disease, a clinical analysis in the Chinese. Chinese Med J 1982;30:231-8. Soong BW, Casamassima AC, Fink JK, Constantopoulos G, Horwitz AL. Multiple sulfatase deficiency. Neurology (Cleveland) 1989;38:1273-5. Fink JK, Filling-Katz MR, Sokol J, Cogan DG, Pikus A, Sonies B, Soong B, Comly ME, Pentchev P, Brady RO, Barton NW. Clinical spectrum of Niemann-Pick disease type C. Neurology 1989;39:1040-9. Soong BW, Tsai TF, Su TH, Kao KP, Hsiao KJ, Su TS. DNA polymorphism and deletion analysis of Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy gene in the Chinese. Am J Med Genet 1991;38:593-600. Soong BW, Wang JT. A comparison of the Huntington¡¥s disease associated trinucleotide repeat between Chinese and white populations. J Med Genet 1995;32:404-5. Soong BW, Wang JT. A study on Huntington¡¥s disease associated trinucleotide repeat among the Chinese. Proc Natl Sci Council R.O.C.1995;19:137-42. Soong BW, Cheng CH, Liu RS, Shan DE. Machado-Joseph disease: clinical, molecular, and metabolic characterization in Chinese kindreds. Ann Neurol 1997;41:446-52.

52. Trinucleotide Repeat Disorders, F6 SCA3 (Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 or machadojoseph disease). SCA3 (SpinocerebellarAtaxia Type 3) is also known as machado-joseph disease. http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/rltdsci/trinuc/f6.html

Trinucleotide Repeat Disorders Part 6: Polyglutamine Diseases Descriptions of other diseases that involve codon repeat expansions. SCA3 (Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 or Machado-Joseph Disease) SCA3 (Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3) is also known as Machado-Joseph Disease. In addition to the loss of coordination that is common to all SCAs, the most common symptoms of SCA3 include bulging eyes, small contractions of the facial muscles, and general rigidity. The Gene: The gene involved in SCA3 lies on Chromosome 14 and is also named SCA3 (although the name “MJD1” is sometimes used instead). Typically, in asymptomatic individuals there are between 12 and 43 copies of CAG in the SCA3 allele. In a person with the disease, however, the allele has anywhere between 56 and 86 copies. At present, not enough data exist to fully understand the effect that alleles with between 43 and 55 copies of CAG will have on individuals. The Protein: The protein product of SCA3 is called ataxin-3. Although scientists do not know the exact function of the protein, they do know that it normally resides in the cytoplasm of the cell. In people who have SCA3, however, ataxin-3 is known to aggregate in the nucleus. Researchers suspect that this change of place may be key in understanding the initiation of the disease. (See

53. Ataxia MJD Research Project, Inc. is a nonprofit corporation whose mission is to follow and fund medical researchthat will help scientists find a cure for machadojoseph disease (MJD) and http://www.ataxiamjd.org/

THEY FOUND THE GENE. LET'S FIND THE CURE. Welcome to our site. Ataxia MJD Research Project is a nonprofit corporation whose mission is to follow and fund medical research that will help scientists find a cure for Machado-Joseph Disease (MJD) and similar disorders. Machado-Joseph Disease (SCA3) is a hereditary neurodegenerative condition caused by glutamine-repeat expansion. MJD is somewhat similar to Huntington's Disease, Parkinson's Disease and ALS (Lou Gehrig's Disease). It usually strikes in mid-life but also affects children and older adults causing ataxia (loss of balance and clumsiness), slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, loss of eye movement, sensations and muscle mass. Currently there's no treatment or cure and it is eventually fatal. If one parent has the disease, each child has a 50% chance of inheriting it. MJD often affects individuals of Portuguese descent but it is a world-wide problem. Families with MJD are found in Portugal, the Azore Islands, the United States, Japan, Germany, Africa, England, Scandinavia, France, China, Israel and in other parts of the world. $50,000 grant awarded to Dr. Henry Paulson

54. Title S., Nishimura, M., Akiguchi, I., Kimura, J., Narumiya, S., Kakizuka, A. CAG expansionsin a novel gene for machadojoseph disease at chromosome 14q32.1. Nat. http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/funcbiol/NewFiles/ronbun.html

55. Untitled Translate this page Foi membro da Comissão Organizadora de vários eventos, nomeadamentedo 3rd International Workshop on machado-joseph disease. Participou http://www.db.uac.pt/antropologia/antrcurreq.html

Maria Manuela Lima (Doutora) Status Professora Auxiliar. Professora Auxiliar no Departamento de Biologia desde Junho de 1996. Fez Provas de Doutoramento, pela Universidade dos Açores, na área de Biologia, especialidade Antropologia Física, com a classificação de "Muito Bom" por unanimidade, com Distinção e Louvor. Foi Bolseira de Doutoramento da JNICT, com o trabalho "Doença de Machado-Joseph nos Açores: abordagem genealógica, biodemográfica e genética", galardoado em 1997 com a Menção Honrosa do "Prémio de Genética Médica Jacinto de Magalhães". Especializou-se nas áreas de genética populacional humana e epidemiologia genética, tendo um interesse particular na doença de Machado-Joseph (DMJ). É investigadora responsável de 3 projectos de investigação ligados à DMJ: 1) 3rd International Workshop on Machado-Joseph Disease 3rd International Workshop on Machado-Joseph disease , o 10th Congress of the European Anthropological Association , o 1st International Symposium on Inherited Ataxias Inherited disorders and their genes in differen European populations Human Biology Human Biology Catarina Silva (Aluna) Dep. de Biologia

56. THE LIGHTNING HYPERTEXT OF DISEASE. machadojoseph disease Chromosome 14q21 - GDB - Johns HopkinsUniversity, at Internet ftp site ftp.gdb.org /gdb-reports/gene-names/text Sat http://www.pathinfo.com/cgi-bin/lh.cgi?tx=joseph

57. Untitled Doctors Corner. What is machadojoseph disease? machado-joseph disease (MJD)-alsocalled spinocerebellar ataxia type 3-is a rare hereditary ataxia. http://www.geocities.com/mhc_reporter/doctors/koop-machado-joseph.html

MY HANDI-CAPABLE REPORTER JULY 2002 CHANGING PESSIMISM TO OPTIMISM VOLUME 7 ISSUE 7 Doctors Corner What is Machado-Joseph Disease? Machado-Joseph disease (MJD)-also called spinocerebellar ataxia type 3-is a rare hereditary ataxia. (Ataxia is a general term meaning lack of muscle control.) The disease is characterized by clumsiness and weakness in the arms and legs, spasticity, a staggering lurching gait easily mistaken for drunkenness, difficulty with speech and swallowing, involuntary eye movements, double vision, and frequent urination. Some patients have dystonia (sustained muscle contractions that cause twisting of the body and limbs, repetitive movements, abnormal postures, and/or rigidity) or symptoms similar to those of Parkinson's disease. Others have twitching of the face or tongue, or peculiar bulging eyes. The severity of the disease is related to the age of onset, with earlier onset associated with a more severe form of the disease. Symptoms can begin any time between early adolescence and about 70 years of age. MJD is also a progressive disease, meaning that symptoms get worse with time. Life expectancy ranges from the mid-thirties for those with severe forms of MJD to a normal life expectancy for those with mild forms. For those who die early from the disease, the cause of death is often aspiration pneumonia. The name, Machado-Joseph, comes from two families of Portuguese/Azorean descent who were among the first families described with the unique symptoms of the disease in the 1970s. The prevalence of the disease is still highest among people of Portuguese/Azorean descent. For immigrants of Portuguese ancestry in New England, the prevalence is around one in 4,000. The highest prevalence in the world, about one in 140, occurs on the small Azorean island of Flores. Recently, researchers have identified MJD in several family groups not of obvious Portuguese descent, including an African-American family from North Carolina, an Italian-American family, and several Japanese families. On a worldwide basis, MJD is the most prevalent autosomal dominant inherited form of ataxia, based on DNA studies.

58. CMGS-Trinucleotide Repeats-SCAs/21.10.97 (Cancel et al 1997) Repeat size relates to ageof-onset and clinicalcourse. SCA 3 - Spinal Cerebellar Ataxia 3 / machado-joseph disease,. http://www.ich.ucl.ac.uk/cmgs/sca.htm

Trinucleotide Repeats - Spinal Cerebellar Ataxias. SCA 1 - Spinal Cerebellar Ataxia 1 Gene Location: Gene: Ataxin-1 Inheritance: Autosomal dominant Clinical Symptoms :Cerebellar signs, upper motor neurosis, extensor planter responses. Age of onset 20-30's. Mutation.: (CAG)n coding for polyglutamine tract in Ataxin -1 gene (Orr et. al. 1993). Normal- 19-38 Most unexpanded alleles have an interupted repeat configuration whereas a continuous (CAG)n is found in expanded alleles. Repeat size relates to age-of-onset and clinical course. Anticipation and paternal male bias noted (Matilla et al, 1993) SCA 2 - Spinal Cerebellar Ataxia 2 Gene Location: Gene: Ataxin-2 Inheritance: Autosomal dominant Clinical Symptoms : Appendicular and gait ataxia, slow saccadic eye movements. Age of onset 20's. Mutation.: Expansion of an unstable(CAG)n repeat encoding a polyglutamine tract.(Pulst et al 1996, Imbert et al, 1996, Sanpei et al, 1996). Normal- 14-31 Most unexpanded alleles have an interupted repeat configuration (CAA) whereas a continuous (CAG)n is found in expanded alleles. (Cancel et al 1997) Repeat size relates to age-of-onset and clinical course.

59. CVfall2000 machadojoseph disease gene product is a cytoplasmic widely expressed in brain.Ann. Neurol. 41 453-462. Perez, MK, Fried, B., and Sherma, J. 1994. http://mail.med.upenn.edu/~perezm/CVfall2000.htm

Matthew Kurt Perez Philadelphia, PA 19103 email: matthew.perez@jefferson.edu Education Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, 1999 Honors/Awards Experience Areas of Research Interest Other Activities Member of the Freshman Assistance Committee, Jefferson Medical College, Fall 2000. Publications Perez, M.K., Paulson ,H.L., and Pittman, R.N. 1999. An altered conformation of ataxin-3 that exposes the polyglutamine domain is associated with the nuclear matrix. Hum. Mol. Genet. Chai, Y., Koppenhafer, S.L., Shoesmith, S.J., Perez, M.K., and Paulson, H.L. 1999. Evidence for proteasome involvement in polyglutamine disease: localization to nuclear inclusions in SCA3/MJD and suppression of polyglutamine aggregation in vitro. Hum. Mol. Genet. Perez, M.K., Paulson, H.L., Pendse, S.J., Saionz, S.J., Bonini, N.M., and Pittman, R.N. 1998. Recruitment and the role of nuclear localization in polyglutamine-mediated aggregation. J. Cell Biol. Biomphalaria glabrata Echinostoma caproni Biomphalaria glabrata Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). J. Parasitol

60. Patrick M. MacLeod - Research Interests GA. The machadojoseph disease locus is different from the spinocerebellarataxia locus (SCA1). Genomics. 13(3)852-5, July 1992. http://www.medgen.ubc.ca/faculty/macleod.htm

Home Mission Academics Clinical ... Site Map PATRICK M. MacLEOD, M.D. Clinical Professor Department of Medical Genetics University of British Columbia B.C. Children's Hospital C234 - 4500 Oak Street Vancouver, B.C. V6H 3N1 Fax: (604) 875-2376 Email: pmacleod@caphealth.org Research Interests The genetic epidemiology of neurogenetic disorders in B.C., these include: Hereditary ataxia Rett Syndrome Hereditary Sensory and motor neuropathies Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophies The application of geographic information systems in the study of factors which affect access to genetic counselling/medical genetic services in Canada. Selected Publications Carson WJ, Radvany J, Farrer LA, Vincent D, Rosenberg RN, MacLeod PM, Rouleau GA. The Machado-Joseph disease locus is different from the spinocerebellar ataxia locus (SCA1). Genomics. 13(3):852-5, July 1992. Silveira I, Lopes-Cendes I, Kish S, Maciel P, Gaspar C, Coutinho P, Botez MI, Teive H, Arruda W, Steiner CE, Pinto-Junior W, Maciel JA, Jerin S, Sack G, Andermann E, Sudarsky L, Rosenberg R, MacLeod P, Chitayat D, Sabul R, Sequeiros J, Rouleau GA. Frequency of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy, and Machado-Joseph disease mutations in a large group of spinocerebellar ataxia patients. Neurology. 46(1):214-8, Jan. 1996.

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