21. The Observer | International | BSE Rules Threaten Bullfight Fiestas Emma Daly in Madrid. The famous Iberian fighting bull is threatened by mad cow disease, although no case has ever been found among these privileged animals, which spend their first four years running wild and feeding on grass, hay and vegetable proteins. UK. http://www.observer.co.uk/international/story/0,6903,436508,00.html

Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Newsroom Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK news International Politics ... Food Tools Text-only version Send it to a friend Read it later See saved stories The Observer Front page Story index Recent articles Hometown America watches in horror My terror for a Muslim brother fighting in Iraq After the bombs, a dream of palm trees for Baghdad Hit-and-run attack on Basra ... World news round-up The Guardian Front page Story index BSE rules threaten bullfight fiestas Special report: the BSE crisis Emma Daly in Madrid Sunday February 11, 2001 The Observer The famous Iberian fighting bull is threatened by mad cow disease, although no case has ever been found among these privileged animals, which spend their first four years running wild and feeding on grass, hay and vegetable proteins. EU regulations to control the disease require the testing of all cattle aged above 30 months before their meat can be sold. Breeders say that because the compensation scheme is too slow and cumbersome, carcasses of bulls which perish in the 'moment of truth' will have to be destroyed.

22. Trying To Keep Mad Cow Disease Out Of U.S. Herds US Food and Drug Administration FDA Consumer magazine MarchApril 2001 Tableof Contents. Trying to Keep mad cow disease Out of US Herds. By Linda Bren. http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2001/201_cow.html

Email this Page To a Friend U.S. Food and Drug Administration FDA Consumer magazine March-April 2001 Table of Contents Trying to Keep "Mad Cow Disease" Out of U.S. Herds By Linda Bren Millions of British television viewers watched the harrowing final days of 14-year-old Zoe Jeffries in October 2000. The ordeal of the young girl from Manchester, England, began more than two years earlier. First she cried for two weeks, then came the hallucinations and continuous screaming. As the disease progressed, the pain in her legs worsened until she couldn't walk. Bedridden, her brain wasting away, she was reduced to communicating through moans and grunts. Zoe's mother, Helen Jeffries, let the television cameras into her home to demonstrate the plight of people like her daughtervictims of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, or nvCJD. The neurological illness is thought to be the human form of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or BSE-commonly called "Mad Cow Disease." The disease is thus far untreatable, incurable, and ultimately fatal. "It's a bad disease," says Lawrence Schonberger, MD, MPH, an epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "We believe that it is transmitted by food that has been contaminated with the agent that causes BSE. Every case of nvCJD is a major tragedy." Although the incubation period after initial exposure can be quite long, once clinical signs and symptoms begin, death usually occurs within about a year.

23. CDC Travelers' Health Information On Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy And New Va for a causal relationship between ongoing outbreaks in Europe of a disease in cattlecalled bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or mad cow disease ) and a http://www.cdc.gov/travel/madcow.htm

Contents Destinations Outbreaks Diseases Vaccinations ... GeoSentinel NEW! National Center for Infectious Diseases USDA/APHIS NEW! Importing food, plant, animal products U.S. State Department Pan American Health Organization World Health Organization Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Description In addition to cattle, sheep are susceptible to experimental infection with the BSE agent by the oral route. Thus, in countries where flocks of sheep and goats might have been exposed to the BSE agent through contaminated feed, a theoretical risk exists that these animals might have developed infections caused by the BSE agent and that these infections are being maintained in the flocks, even in the absence of continued exposure to contaminated feed (for example, through maternal transmission). In December 1999, the World Health Organization published a report encouraging countries to conduct risk assessments related to BSE in populations of sheep and goats. In August 2000, survey data of sheep farms in the United Kingdom were reported to have shown no rise in BSE-like illnesses in sheep that could be related to the BSE outbreaks in cattle. Currently, cattle remain the only known food animal species with disease caused by the BSE agent. Occurrence http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/index_en.html

24. CNN - Genetically-engineered Rodents May Speed Mad Cow Disease Testing - Decembe CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9712/24/mad.cow.test/

Scientists unveil "Mad Mice" Genetically-engineered rodents may speed mad cow disease testing December 24, 1997 Web posted at: 4:14 a.m. EST (0914 GMT) SAN FRANCISCO (CNN) Faster, more reliable tests for "mad cow" disease are on the way, scientists say, courtesy of mice genetically engineered for the task. Dr. Stanley Prusiner, Dr. Fred Cohen, and colleagues at the University of California - San Francisco developed the mice, which develop the disease far more quickly than cattle, as test subjects to identify infected cattle and tainted products. "We've engineered them to have a bovine gene. In that way they've now become susceptible to mad cow disease," Cohen told Reuters. Ordinary mice are highly resistant to the disease. At least one million cattle in Britain and France have contracted the highly contagious bovine spongiform encephelopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease. At least 20 humans are believed to have developed an unusual strain of a related condition, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), after eating tainted meat. When injected with cells from infected cattle, the mice develop mad cow disease within a few months, which scientists hope to cut to 40 days or less with further adjustments. Cattle can take three to five years to display symptoms, and CJD usually takes decades to surface in humans.

25. Swiss Cat Has Mad Cow Disease Organic Consumer article on a Swiss cat diagnosed with the feline form of mad cow disease, contracted through contaminated pet food. http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/cat71701.cfm

News Campaigns GE Food Organics ... email this page Swiss cat diagnosed with feline form of mad cow disease July 17, 2001 Agence France Presse by Vik Iyer A Swiss cat has been diagnosed with the feline form of mad cow disease, thought to have been spread through infected pet food, in the first such case in the country, veterinary officials said Tuesday. The six-year-old animal had been suffering serious problems with its nervous system and was put down, and was later diagnosed with feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE), the cat-borne variety of mad cow disease. The pet was thought to have been infected by cat food containing either brain or spinal column from cattle contaminated with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), better known as mad cow disease. The feline form of the disease is closely linked with the cattle-borne variety and was first reported in 1990 in Britain, whose meat and livestock industry is still reeling from a BSE epidemic which swept through the country's herds. Britain has reported around 90 cases of the feline disease among the nation's pets, while Norway has also witnessed a case, despite being clear of the bovine brain-wasting disease.

26. Foot And Mouth - Vaccinate Now North scientist Dr Harash Narang one of the first people to say there was a human form of BSE or mad cow disease has called for a mass vaccination programme to combat the foot and mouth outbreak. http://www.cjdfoundation.com/Foot & Mouth.htm

27. Blood Feud & Caring Stories By Chris Wiggins Blood Feud. A medical mystery novel about artificial blood, pharmaceutical research, and mad cow disease in humans. http://www.bloodfeud.net/

Blood Feud will be a sure hit to readers of techno-thrillers and medical science and those who enjoy the novels of Clive Cussler, Michael Creighton, and Robin Cook. Many of these readers will know that the danger of mad cow disease was and still is, real; that the race to find a blood substitute is on; and in the battle to make fortunes, ethics is sometimes the first casualty. Get More Information Medical authors and caregivers from around the world share the feeling that comes from that most rewarding of endeavors-caring for others. Most are drawn from true-life experience. Some will make you laugh. Some will make you cry. But all will warm your heart. Get More Information

28. CNN.com - Report: Mad Cow Disease Still Threatens U.S. - February 27, 2002 The federal government is not doing enough to ensure that mad cow disease is keptout of the United States, a report from the General Accounting Office said http://www.cnn.com/2002/HEALTH/conditions/02/26/gao.mad.cow/

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 Report: Mad cow disease still threatens U.S. Fears of mad cow disease originated in Great Britain. From Jeanne Meserve CNN Washington Bureau WASHINGTON (CNN) The federal government is not doing enough to ensure that mad cow disease is kept out of the United States, a report from the General Accounting Office said Tuesday. The Department of Agriculture called the report flawed. If infected animals and products did enter the country, the report said, steps now being taken by the federal government might not detect it or keep it from spreading. It took the Agriculture Department to task for failing to test many high-risk animals that die on farms, and cited weaknesses in USDA and Food and Drug Administration import controls. According to the report, FDA record-keeping is so flawed that the agency does not know to what extent industry is complying with the ban on using prohibited proteins in feed and has yet to identify and inspect all firms subject to the ban. Some non-compliant firms have not been re-inspected for two or more years, and in some instances no enforcement action was taken even though the firms had failed multiple inspections, the report said.

29. Mad Cow Disease, Mad Deer Disease And CJD News on Mad Deer Disease, mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy orBSE), scrapie, CreutzfeldtJakob Disease (CJD and nvCJD), kuru, and chronic http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow.htm

O rganic C onsumers A ssociation News Events Campaigns Participate ... Irradiation Mad Cow Mad Deer Fair Trade Bovine Growth Hormone-rBGH Globalization Patenting ... Organic Bytes Mad Cow Disease / Mad Deer Disease (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Chronic Wasting Disease) Glossary Links Archives Sign the petition Test cows now! FDA soliciting comments on proposed mad cow rules Mad Deer site - http://www.maddeer.org * Mad Cow USA/Canada * Mad Cow Europe CJD Disease Highlighted Articles Articles reviewed/commented upon by Michael Greger, MD NEWS: Mad Cow / Mad Deer USA / Canada 3/2 All eyes on Wisconsin 's efforts to control CWD 2/26 Chronic wasting disease in Wisconsin: A year in review CDC report on 'wild game feast' cases South Carolina Man May Have Died of 'Mad Cow Disease' Test Results So Far Show CWD Not Detected in Virginia 2/3 The battle to keep CWD out of W. Va

30. Wired News: Database Aims To Send Mad Cow Disease Packing Every time a cow is sold in Northern Ireland, agriculture authorities know about it a plan that aims to stamp out bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Wired News http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,2458,00.html

Welcome to Wired News. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content Search: Wired News Animations Wired Magazine HotBot (the Web) Database Aims to Send Mad Cow Disease Packing Page 1 of 1 02:47 PM Mar. 10, 1997 PT Mad cow disease may finally be on the run in the United Kingdom, thanks to a combination of plastic tags and a distributed database. The new system may end the export ban on beef in the wake of the disease that has crippled the British beef industry. The system - currently in use in Northern Ireland - involves a uniquely numbered plastic tag that is placed inside each newly born calf's ear. The number is registered with the Department of Agriculture Northern Ireland (DANI), along with the animal's sex and breed. Each time the cow moves through a market or is seen by a vet, the details are entered into a dumb terminal that connects directly to a database maintained by DANI and supplied by Unisys. Story Tools Today's Top 5 Stories Tables Top Typical Bar Diversions Rasta Man Comes in From the Cold The Search for Total Information Saddam's Bunker Stands Tough ... War Hack Attacks Tit For Tat The development of a tracking system is a requirement for lifting the export ban imposed by the European Community, which is currently slated to last until 1999 despite UK governments' orders to cull herds to eliminate infected cows. The disease, also known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), has caused grief for British cattle farmers. Until now, farmers have had no universal way to prove their cattle were disease-free.

31. What Canadians Need To Know About Mad Cow Disease What Canadians need to know about mad cow disease. July 11, 2001 CanadianHealth Coalition by Bradford Duplisea What Is mad cow disease? http://www.organicconsumers.org/madcow/canadians71101.cfm

News Campaigns GE Food Organics ... email this page What Canadians need to know about Mad Cow Disease July 11, 2001 Canadian Health Coalition by Bradford Duplisea What Is Mad Cow Disease? Mad Cow disease, or its scientific name Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), is a fatal brain-wasting disease in cattle which was first identified in the United Kingdom (UK) in 1986. The disease has an incubation period lasting 4-7 years, but ultimately is fatal for cattle within weeks of its onset.(1) BSE is one of a number of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) - a family of diseases in humans and animals which are characterized by sponge-like lesions in the brain. Other examples of TSEs are found in sheep, deer, elk, mink and even the feline species. In deer and elk, TSE is commonly referred to as "Chronic Wasting Disease" and in sheep the disease is known as "scrapie." It is widely believed that cattle in Britain developed BSE as a result of being fed the rendered carcasses of dead sheep that were infected with "scrapie". There is a great deal of speculation as to the original cause of BSE. According to the widely-held "prion theory", the BSE agent is composed largely, if not entirely, of a self-replicating protein referred to as a "prion." Another theory suggests that the agent is virus-like and possesses nucleic acids which carry information. Strong evidence collected over the past decade supports the prion theory, but the ability of the BSE agent to form multiple strains is more easily explained by a virus-like agent.

32. Wired News: Mad Cow Risk On The Run Americans face little risk of contracting mad cow disease . Geneticists cook up a ketchupfriendly tomato . And headache experts gather to discuss pain. Wired News http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,20379,00.html

Welcome to Wired News. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content Search: Wired News Animations Wired Magazine HotBot (the Web) Mad Cow Risk on the Run Page 1 of 1 02:00 PM Jun. 23, 1999 PT Americans are relatively immune to the threat of mad cow disease thanks to strong agricultural regulations, a new report has concluded. The American Medical Association 's Council on Scientific Affairs on Tuesday said there have been no reported incidents of the disease in the United States in humans or cattle, and that the risk of contracting the human variant of the disease in the United States is minimal. Story Tools Today's Top 5 Stories Tables Top Typical Bar Diversions Rasta Man Comes in From the Cold The Search for Total Information Saddam's Bunker Stands Tough ... War Hack Attacks Tit For Tat In contrast, there have been 39 cases in the United Kingdom and one case in France of a new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the human form of the disease, the report said. Saucy tomatoes: A team of scientists at three Midwestern universities has tweaked the genetic code of tomatoes in an effort to make a less watery variety for the ketchup industry.

33. How To Spot A Mad Cow Public Service Announcement How to identify if your cow has mad cow disease If your cow sound like this. moo.wav. then fire up the barbecue. http://viswiz.imk.fraunhofer.de/~steffi/madcow/madcow.htm

Public Service Announcement How to identify if your cow has mad cow disease... If your cow sound like this moo.wav then fire up the barbecue. If your cow sounds like this madmoo.wav may we suggest the fish. (a copy from a PowerPoint File - thanks to the unknown original author :-) )

34. CBER Vaccines The Center regulates vaccine products. Vaccines undergo a rigorous review of laboratory and clinical data to ensure the safety, efficacy, purity and potency of these products. Major sections are Flu Vaccine, Thimerosal, Anthrax, and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, ( mad cow disease. ) http://www.fda.gov/cber/vaccines.htm

Blood Therapeutics Vaccines Allergenics ... About Us The Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) regulates vaccine products. Many of these are childhood vaccines that have contributed to a significant reduction of vaccine-preventable diseases. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccines have reduced preventable infectious diseases to an all-time low and now few people experience the devastating effects of measles, pertussis and other illnesses. Vaccines, as with all products regulated by FDA, undergo a rigorous review of laboratory and clinical data to ensure the safety, efficacy, purity and potency of these products. Vaccines approved for marketing may also be required to undergo additional studies to further evaluate the vaccine and often to address specific questions about the vaccine's safety, effectiveness, or possible side effects. VAERS ), a cooperative program for vaccine safety. VAERS is a post-marketing safety surveillance program, collecting information about adverse events (side effects) that occur after the administration of US licensed vaccines. Reports to the VAERS program are welcome from all concerned individuals: patients, parents, health care providers, pharmacists, and vaccine manufacturers. Additional information concerning preventive vaccines and vaccine preventable diseases is available at the CDC National Immunization Program WWW site: http://www.cdc.gov/nip/

35. Could Mad-Cow Disease Happen Here? - 98.09 Is the US govt. doing enough to prevent mad-cow disease? Atlantic MonthlyCategory News Online Archives Atlantic Monthly 1998...... mad cow disease Links to more than than four thousand articles on mad cow and CreutzfeldtJakobdisease, prions, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, scrapie, BSE http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/98sep/madcow.htm

Return to the Table of Contents. S E P T E M B E R 1 9 9 8 Britain's horrifying experience taught us a few things, but perhaps not enough to preclude an outbreak of our own by Ellen Ruppel Shell The online version of this article appears in three parts. Click here to go to part two. Click here to go to part three. Discuss this article in From the archives: "The Rancher Subsidy," by Todd Oppenheimer (January, 1996) The West's fabled ranchers are in trouble. The damage done to the land by cattle has become a contentious environmental issue. The ranchers' greatest enemy, though, is the free market. "Whatever Happened to the Cranberry Crisis?", by John F. Henahan (March, 1977) Each day brings new discoveries, most of them alarming, about chemical poisoning in the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the air we breathe, and the manufacturing procedures we depend upon. Are we victims of crisis overkill, or are the dangers all too real? A report on the status of environmental crises, past and present. Related links: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy "This site is an authoritative source of information on BSE provided by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, a UK Government department."

36. CNN - FDA Tries To Minimize Possibility Of Mad Cow Disease In U.S. - May 14, 199 CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/US/9605/14/mad.cow/

FDA tries to minimize possibility of mad cow disease in U.S. May 14, 1996 Web posted at: 1:15 a.m. EDT (0515 GMT) From Correspondent Eugenia Halsey RIVERDALE, Maryland (CNN) To reduce the chances of an outbreak of mad cow disease in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration has put the livestock industry on notice that it plans to ban certain animal feeding practices. The Food and Drug Administration is planning to propose a rule banning the use of sheep, goat, and cow tissue in cattle feed. Previous bans were voluntary. It is believed such practices spread mad cow disease, or Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, in Britain and may be linked to the human form of the brain disorder known as CJD or Creutzfeld Jakob Disease. ( 618K QuickTime movie U.S. officials stopped the import of British cows back in 1989 and called for a voluntary ban on using certain types of animal protein for feed. They are now trying to decide how extensive a mandatory ban should be. For the next 30 days, government officials will be asking anyone with information that would help them decide on the best rules for preventing the occurrence of mad cow disease in the United States to come forward. The FDA and the Department of Agriculture have also invited British experts to a two-day meeting in Maryland to help them devise other ways to minimize the risk.

37. Howstuffworks "How Mad Cow Disease Works" mad cow disease has been in the news a lot lately, and it is unnerving to thinkthat something you eat could affect your brain. How mad cow disease Works. http://science.howstuffworks.com/mad-cow-disease.htm

ComputerStuff AutoStuff ElectronicsStuff ScienceStuff ... PeopleStuff Categories Earth Science Engineering Life Science Physical Science ... Gas Turbine Engines Sponsored By: Explore Stuff Big List of Articles Get the Newsletter Shop or Compare Prices Orbitz - Plan a Trip! ... Life Science How Mad Cow Disease Works by Craig C. Freudenrich, Ph.D. What is Mad Cow Disease? How BSE Works Control and Prevention ... Lots More Information! In January 2001, there was a concern that more than 1,000 head of cattle in Texas were fed contaminated feed, possibly leading to the first appearance of mad cow disease in the United States. Mad cow disease is the fatal brain disorder that has devastated the British cattle industry, beginning in the 1980s. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tested the Texas feed and determined that there was no substantial risk. Although no cases have appeared in the United States, this incident has raised several questions in the general public: What is mad cow disease and how safe is the U.S. beef supply? In this edition of HowStuffWorks , we'll discuss what mad cow disease is, how it works, what the consequences for humans are and what is being done to control/prevent its occurrence.

38. CNN - Ireland Not Alone In Human 'mad Cow Disease' Scare - December 15, 1997 CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9712/15/ireland.madcow/

Now quicker European access Ireland not alone in human 'mad cow disease' scare Many countries got suspect blood products, but no contamination confirmed In this story: Precautionary withdrawal in November ... ... but patients only now being told Related stories and sites December 15, 1997 Web posted at: 11:02 a.m. EST (1602 GMT) LONDON (CNN) Blood products made from the plasma of a British donor infected with the human form of "mad cow" disease were distributed in about 40 countries, the manufacturer said Monday. The donor later died from the brain-wasting illness called Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD). More than 200 patients in Ireland alone were given the blood products, but there were no reports of blood contamination or related deaths there. Citing studies done in the United States over the past 30 years, the American Red Cross says it has never had a case of CJD contamination through blood products. The manufacturer of the suspect blood products, the British company Nycomed Amersham, said it could not immediately name all the countries which received them but "we know that there were consignments to Ireland, the United Kingdom, and Scandinavian countries," said spokesman Alan Huw-Smith in London. The Amerscan Pulmonate products were sold "between June and September or October of this year. Almost certainly other European countries" need to check, he said.

39. CNN - FDA Advised To Look At Mad Cow Disease Risk From Gelatin - Apr. 24, 1997 CNN.com http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9704/24/nfm/

FDA advised to look at mad cow disease risk from gelatin April 25, 1997 Web posted at: 12:06 a.m. EDT (0406 GMT) WASHINGTON (CNN) Federal regulators are looking at whether any risk exists in the use of gelatin from countries where mad cow disease exists. Think gelatin, and Jell-O wiggles to mind. But the substance that aids in congealment crops up in a wide range of products, including makeup and skin creams, cake mixes and gummy bears, vitamins, gel caps used for drugs and even vaccines. Gelatin is derived from the skin and bones of cattle and other animals. An advisory panel to the Food and Drug Administration heard testimony Wednesday that most of the gelatin produced in the United States is made from pig skins, which are not considered a risk. Some comes from cattle hide and bones. "I think that we are talking about a very, very small risk but not zero," said panel chairman Dr. Paul Brown of the National Institutes of Health. Nonetheless, the committee voted to recommend that the FDA take a closer look at gelatin imported from countries where mad cow disease is known to exist. There is no proof that gelatin carries BSE Currently, FDA regulations prohibit the use of brains and spinal cords of cows from countries where mad cow disease or Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) has been found. Those organs are considered highly infectious.

40. MSNBC Cover The mysteries of mad cow disease. Hunting the elusive prion, Thus, the hunt forthe agent behind mad cow disease and its ilk may soon come to a close. http://www.msnbc.com/news/439861.asp?cp1=1

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