41. E-Doc: Medicine Info For Urofollitrophin (FSH) A high level of gonadotrophins indicating primary ovarian failure. Primary ovarianfailure should be excluded by determination of serum FSH and LH. http://www.edoc.co.za/medilink/actives/1072.html

Medicine Info: Active Ingredients Urofollitrophin (FSH) Mechanism: Follicle stimulating hormone is a trophic hormone, stimulating the growth of follicles in the ovary. Indications: For the induction of ovulation in anovulatory women, especially in cases where Luteinising hormone is raised eg. polycystic ovarian syndrome. Contra-Indications: Pregnancy. Patients with intracranial lesions, adrenal or thyroid disorders, ovarian cyst enlargements. Presence of any cause of infertility other than anovulation as stated in the indications. A high level of gonadotrophins indicating primary ovarian failure. Patients with abnormal vaginal bleedng of undetermined origin. Dosage: Management of overdose: Symptoms: See side-effects. Rx : Withdrawl of medicine. Symptomatic and supportive. Dose: See Metrodin* (trade name) Side-Effects: FSH when given with LH may cause sensitivity reactions and dose related ovarian hyperstimulation varying from mild ovarian enlargement and abnormal discomfort to severe hyperstimulation with ovarian rupture and intraperitoneal haemorrhage. There may be ascites, pleural effusion, oliguria, hypotension, arterial thrombo-embolism. Swelling of pre-existing pituitory tumours leading to visual field defects may occur during pregnancy in women treated for infertility. There is a risk of multiple births.

42. Causes Of And Diagnostic Approach To Primary Amenorrhea and perhaps other hormones. • A high serum FSH concentration is indicativeof primary ovarian failure. A karyotype is then required http://www.uptodate.com/patient_info/topicpages/topics/R_Endo_F/17023.asp

Following is the full text, Medline abstracts and images of a topic review from UpToDate Some of the regular features found in UpToDate , such as drug information, links to related topics, and a simple but powerful search engine, are not incorporated here. USE OF PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT Causes of and diagnostic approach to primary amenorrhea ETIOLOGY Congenital anatomic lesions Imperforate hymen Transverse vaginal septum ... TREATMENT Ann E Taylor, MD Robert L Barbieri, MD UpToDate performs a continuous review of over 290 journals and other resources. Updates are added as important new information is published. The literature review for UpToDate version 11.1 is current through December 2002; this topic was last changed on September 17, 2001. Amenorrhea (absence of menses) can be a transient, intermittent, or permanent condition resulting from dysfunction of the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovaries, uterus, or vagina ( show table 1 and show table 2 ). It is often classified as either primary (absence of menarche by age 16) or secondary (absence of menses for more than three cycle intervals or six months in women who were previously menstruating). The menstrual cycle is susceptible to outside influences; thus, missing a single menstrual period is rarely important. In contrast, prolonged amenorrhea might be the earliest sign of a decline in general health or signal an underlying condition, such as a pituitary tumor. The causes and diagnosis of primary amenorrhea, as well as a brief summary of treatment options, are reviewed here. The evaluation of secondary amenorrhea is discussed separately. (

43. Korean Standard Classification Of Diseases drug, if druginduced E28.2 Polycystic ovarian syndrome Sclerocystic ovary syndromeStein-Leventhal syndrome E28.3 primary ovarian failure Decreased estrogen http://www.nso.go.kr/eng/standards/edis/e28.htm

E28 Ovarian dysfunction Exclusion : isolated gonadotropin deficiency(E23.0) postprocedural ovarian failure(E89.4) E28.0 Estrogen excess Use additional external cause code(Chapter XX), if desired, to identify drug, if drug-induced E28.1 Androgen excess Hypersecretion of overian androgens Use additional external cause code(Chapter XX), if desired, to identify drug, if drug-induced E28.2 Polycystic ovarian syndrome Sclerocystic ovary syndrome Stein-Leventhal syndrome E28.3 Primary ovarian failure Decreased estrogen Premature menopause NOS Resistant ovary syndrome Exclusion : menopausal and female climacteric states(N95.1) pure gonadal dysgenesis(Q99.1) Turner's syndrome(Q96.-) E28.8 Other ovarian dysfunction Ovarian hyperfunction NOS E28.9 Ovarian dysfunction, unspecified

44. CCOP fertility treatment (except Clomiphen or Pergonal; a history of ovariandysfunction. known family history of primary ovarian failure. http://ccop.moffitt.usf.edu/Guest/Triptorelin.html

Preservation of Ovarian Function in Young Women Treated with (Neo)Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: A Randomized Trial Using the GnRH Agonist (Triptorelin) During Adjuvant Chemotherapy Principal Investigator: Pamela N. Munster, M.D. Status: Concept under review by NCI Study Objectives: The primary objective of this trial is to evaluate the protective effect of chemical ovarian suppression (achieved by short-term use of GnRH analogue) on the preservation of ovarian function in women treated with chemotherapy for early stage breast cancer. Secondary objectives are to: evaluate the rate of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea (CRA). evaluate Inhibin A and B as alternative markers of POF. assess QOL as measured by FACT B. Inclusion Criteria: Premenopausal women (defined as baseline FSH level less than 40). at or under the age of 44 years. who have had at least 2 periods in the last 6 months . are scheduled to receive neo- or adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for node negative primary breast cancer. Patients may undergo either mastectomy (post-op RT optional) or breast-conserving surgery (post-op RT required). Oral contraceptives may not have been taken within at least two weeks of study entry.

45. RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - HUMEGON of ovulation and pregnancy in females infertile due to anovulation where thecause of anovulation is functional and not due to primary ovarian failure. http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS- Monographs/CP

HUMEGON® Organon Human Gonadotropin Human Gonadotropins Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Humegon (human gonadotropin) is a purified preparation of gonadotropins extracted from the urine of post menopausal and pregnant women. It contains follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), both of which are necessary for the normal gamete maturation (follicle ripening in the female and spermatogenesis in the male) and for gonadal steroid production. Unlike menotropins, human gonadotropin is standardized with hCG. Human gonadotropin is used to stimulate these processes in selected cases of disturbed gonadal function. It is generally used in combination with a gonadotropin with LH activity, such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The combined treatment may be either sequential (in the case of ovulation induction) or concomitant (in the case of Leydig cell stimulation). tag_IndicationsIndications Indications And Clinical Uses: Women: Human gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) given sequentially are indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in females infertile due to anovulation where the cause of anovulation is functional and not due to primary ovarian failure. Men: Human gonadotropin and concomitant hCG is indicated for the stimulation of spermatogenesis in males with primary or secondary hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

46. MEDLINEplus Drug Information: Follitropin Alfa (Systemic) primary ovarian failure—Follitropin alfa will not work in patientswhose ovaries no longer develop eggs. Proper Use of This Medicine. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/203454.html

Skip navigation Other drug names: A-Am An-Az B C-Ch ... W-Z Follitropin Alfa (Systemic) Contents of this page: Brand Names Category Description Before Using This Medicine ... Side Effects of This Medicine Brand Names Gonal-F Category Gonadotropin infertility therapy agent Description Follitropin alfa (fol-li-TROE-pin AL-fa) is a hormone identical to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced by the pituitary gland. FSH helps to develop eggs in the ovaries. Follitropin alfa is used as a fertility medicine to develop eggs in women who have not been able to become pregnant because of problems in ovulation. Also, many women wanting to become pregnant will use this medicine while enrolled in a fertility program (assisted reproductive technology [ART]) that uses procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or embryo transfer (ET). Follitropin alfa may be used with other medicines for these purposes. Follitropin alfa is also used as a fertility medicine to help men with low sperm counts produce more sperms. Treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin should come before treatment with follitropin alfa. This pretreatment elevates the amount of testosterone to the correct level. Treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin should continue as long as follitropin alfa is being used. Some patients may be treated with another hormone called gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) before starting treatment with follitropin alfa. GnRHa reduces the amount of FSH released from the pituitary gland. This is done so that the doctor can replace their FSH with follitropin alfa in the proper amounts each day to achieve fertility.

47. Clinic Conference In premature primary ovarian failure, estrogen hormone replacement therapy is indicated,with progestin added for women who have an uterus in order to protect http://www.intmed.mcw.edu/ClinicConf/03-11-02 res Amenorrhea.htm

Marilyn M. Schapira, MD, MPH AMENORRHEA Clinic Conference: March 11-15, 2002 Resident Version The materials for this conference include a handbook chapter written by Dr. Schapira and two journal articles on the topic: Crosignani G; Vegetti W. A Practical Guide to the Diagnosis and Management of Amenorrhoea. Drugs 1996 Nov. 52(5) p671- 81. Warren MP. Clinical Review 77: Evaluation of Secondary Amenorrhea. (http://home.mdconsult.com/das/search/query/17057242 Teaching Points The definition of secondary amenorrhea is the absence of menses for at least 3 months in a women who has previously had her menarche. The prevalence in the general population is 2-5%. Hyperprolactinemia amenorrhea is one cause of secondary amenorrhea. Drugs that cause hyperprolactinemia include estrogens, androgens, anxiolytics, narcotics, methyldopa, reserpine, amphetamines, and H2 blockers. Prolactin should be measured in the morning in a fasting state. A normal level is 20-25 ug/L. A relatively common cause of amenorrhea in young women is an acquired form of hypogonadotrophic amenorrhea due to emotional distress, nutritional deficiency, or athletic activity. The female athletic triad is defined as the combined conditions of disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis that occurs in female athletes. Physiologic causes of secondary amenorrhea include pregnancy and menopause.

48. Endotext.com - Female Reproductive Endocrinology, Ch 2 Bibliography 62. Aittomaki, K., et al., Clinical features of primary ovarian failure causedby a point mutation in the folliclestimulating hormone receptor gene. http://www.endotext.org/female/female2/femalebiblio2.htm

1. Tanner, J.M. and R.H. Whitehouse, Clinical longitudinal standards for height, weight, height velocity, weight velocity, and stages of puberty. Arch Dis Child, 1976. 51(3): p. 170-9. 2. Marshall, W.A. and J.M. Tanner, Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child, 1969. 44(235): p. 291-303. 3. Herman-Giddens, M.E., et al., Secondary sexual characteristics and menses in young girls seen in office practice: a study from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings network. Pediatrics, 1997. 99(4): p. 505-12. 4. Kosho, T., et al., Skeletal features and growth patterns in 14 patients with haploinsufficiency of SHOX: implications for the development of Turner syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1999. 84(12): p. 4613-21. 5. Rao, E., et al., Pseudoautosomal deletions encompassing a novel homeobox gene cause growth failure in idiopathic short stature and Turner syndrome. Nat Genet, 1997. 16(1): p. 54-63. 6. Clement-Jones, M., et al., The short stature homeobox gene SHOX is involved in skeletal abnormalities in Turner syndrome. Hum Mol Genet, 2000. 9(5): p. 695-702. 7. Lee, M., Growth hormone deficiency as the only identifiable cause for primary amenorrhea. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 2000. 13(2): p. 93.

49. Drug Database | Building Better Health Genital Syphilis • Primary Hypogonadism due to Bilateral Torsion • Primary Hypogonadismdue to Orchitis • primary ovarian failure • Primary Prevention http://www.buildingbetterhealth.com/conditionlist/p

Medical Library Cool Tools Women's Health Men's Health ... Drug Dictionary Look up a drug by condition: Click on a letter to see a list of conditions starting with that letter. A B C D ... Z Or type in the name of the condition. P Paget's Disease Pain Pain due to Osteoblastic Bone Metastasis Pain Treatment Adjunct ... Back to Drug Dictionary The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of your healthcare professional. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions, or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate, or effective for you. You should consult your healthcare professional before taking any drug, changing your diet, or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment. Home Women's Health Men's Health Senior Health ... Drugstore AdvancePCS makes this Web site available free to users for the sole purposes of providing educational information on health-related issues and providing access to health-related resources. This Web site's health-related information and resources are not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice or for the care that patients receive from their physicians. Please review the We subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation Home Contact Us About Building ... AdvancePCS.com

50. ICD-9-CM From Code 250 primary ovarian failure. 256.4 Polycystic ovaries Isosexual virilizationSteinLeventhal syndrome. 256.8 Other ovarian dysfunction; http://www.cpmc.columbia.edu/homepages/hripcsa/icd9/1tabular250.html

DISEASES OF OTHER ENDOCRINE GLANDS (250-259) 250 Diabetes mellitus Excludes: gestational diabetes (648.8) hyperglycemia NOS (790.6) neonatal diabetes mellitus (775.1) nonclinical diabetes (790.2) that complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium (648.0) The following fifth-digit subclassification is for use with category 250: 0 type II [non-insulin dependent type] [NIDDM type] [adult-onset type] or unspecified type, not stated as uncontrolled 1 type I [insulin dependent type] [IDDM] [juvenile type], not stated as uncontrolled 2 type II [non-insulin dependent type] [NIDDM type] [adult-onset type] or unspecified type, uncontrolled 3 type I [insulin dependent type] [IDDM] [juvenile type], uncontrolled 250.0 Diabetes mellitus without mention of complication Diabetes mellitus without mention of complication or manifestation classifiable to 250.1-250.9 Diabetes (mellitus) NOS 250.1 Diabetes with ketoacidosis Diabetic: acidosis without mention of coma ketosis without mention of coma 250.2 Diabetes with hyperosmolarity Hyperosmolar (nonketotic) coma 250.3 Diabetes with other coma

51. POF Premature ovarian failure as with many conditions develops over time. differentstages through what's now called primary ovarian insufficiency (POI),. http://www.earlymenopause.com/POF.htm

HOME Introduction What is it? Causes ... Buy the book! Fact Sheet: Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) A Brief Look at POF As has been said elswhere on the site, premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition that used to be called "premature menopause." It's marked by post-menopausal hormone levels and no periods (amenorrhea) ocurring before the age of 40. While it's similar to menopause, it's not strictly menopause. There are several key differences. One of the most important differences is that many women with POF can and do still ovulate from time to time and can even get pregnant. (According to statistics, this occurs to roughly 8 to 10% of women with POF.) This is because POF doesn't necessarily mean lack of viable follicles. Yes, some women with POF do have early depletion of follicles (which is then, in effect, menopause). But others nearly half according to some experts actually still have follicles. The problem in this case is a "disconnect" between hormones and ovarian function or an autoimmune problem. Premature ovarian failure as with many conditions develops over time. Prior to full-blown POF (i.e. no periods for at least 4-6 months and post-menopausal hormone levels), you move through different stages through what's now called "primary ovarian insufficiency" (POI)

52. FSH: The Test In women, FSH and LH levels can help to differentiate between primary ovarianfailure (failure of the ovaries themselves) and secondary ovarian failure http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fsh/test.html

TESTS test not listed? ACTH AFB Culture AFP Maternal AFP Tumor Marker Albumin Aldosterone Allergies ALP ALT Amylase ANA Antibody Tests Apo A Apo B ApoE Genotyping AST Bilirubin Blood Culture Blood Gases BMP BNP Bone Markers BRCA BUN C-peptide CA-125 CA 15-3 CA 19-9 Calcium Cardiac Risk CBC CEA CF Gene Mutation Chlamydia Chloride Cholesterol CK CK-MB CMP Cortisol Creatinine Creatinine Clearance CRP CRP, high-sensitivity Cystatin C DHEAS Differential EGFR Electrolytes ESR Estrogen Estrogen Receptors Fecal Occult Blood Ferritin Flu Tests FSH Genotypic Resistance GFR GGT Glucose Gonorrhea Gram Stain Growth Hormone hCG HDL Hematocrit Hemoglobin Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Her-2/neu Herpes HIV Antibody Home Tests Homocysteine HPV H-pylori hs-CRP Insulin Iron Tests LD LDH LDL Lead LH Lipase Lipid Profile Liver Panel Lp(a) Lyme Disease Magnesium Microalbumin Mono Monoclonal Protein Myoglobin Pap Smear Phosphorus Platelets Potassium Prealbumin Progesterone Progest. Receptors Prolactin PSA PT PTH Red Count Renin Rheumatoid Factor Rubella Semen Analysis Serum Iron Sickle Cell Sodium Strep Throat Sweat Chloride Syphilis Tau/Aß42 TB Skin Test Testosterone Ther. Drug Monitoring

53. ASSOCIATION OF ANTIZONA PELLUCIDA ANTIBODIES IN HUMAN PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE known about the causes of Premature ovarian failure (POF) in defined as the loss ofovarian function before Such a primary relationship might follow an initial http://www.abington-repromed.com/researchpof.html

ASSOCIATION OF ANTIZONA PELLUCIDA ANTIBODIES IN HUMAN PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE AND INFERTILITY Research Objective We propose that the presence of anti-zona pellucida antibodies can be detected in human serum. By screening serum obtained from donors with a) POF, b) subfertility, and c) neither of those conditions we intend to determine if their is a correlation between the presence of aZPA and POF in women. Introduction: Little is known about the causes of Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) in women. This disorder is defined as the loss of ovarian function before the age of forty. It is clinically characterized by secondary amenorrhea and endocrinologically by a hypergonadotropic, hypoestrogenic state. Unfortunately, a definite etiological factor can not be determined for most cases (van Kasteren, 1999). Currently, the condition is divided into two classes: excessive depletion of follicles and follicles that are present but fail to function properly. It is also likely that different classes POF exist due to different causes or varying levels of the agents responsible for this disorder. It is possible that one of the major or contributing causes of POF dysfunction involves the autoimmune reaction against the oocyte and/or other components of the follicle. Such a primary relationship might follow an initial abnormal exposure of zona material to the immune system. Alternatively, in POF or other types of pathology, anti zona pellucida antibodies (aZP) might form as a secondary consequence of disease conditions (Shivers and Dunbar, 1977).

54. D FÜHRER: Identification Of FOXL2 (European Journal Of Endocrinology) failure is characterized by absence or reduction in the number of germcells, resultingin either primary amenorrhea or premature ovarian failure (POF), ie http://www.eje.org/eje/146/eje1460015.htm

HIGHLIGHT: Lessons from studies of complex genetic disorders: identification of FOXL2-a novel transcription factor on the wing to fertility Dagmar Führer III. Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany Introduction Download the FULL TEXT of this article in Acrobat PDF format. If you have not previously downloaded PDF files we suggest you access our Advice page for further information. European Journal of Endocrinology Return to the Contents List - Vol. 146 Part 1 or The List of Reviews and Highlights

55. EMedicine - Ovarian Failure : Article By Vladimir Bakalov, MD Synonyms and related keywords premature ovarian failure, primary ovarianfailure, premature menopause, primary ovarian insufficiency, POF. http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic1700.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Medicine, Ob/Gyn, Psychiatry, and Surgery Obstetrics/gynecology Ovarian Failure Last Updated: November 29, 2001 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: premature ovarian failure, primary ovarian failure, premature menopause, primary ovarian insufficiency, POF AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Vladimir Bakalov, MD , Clinical Associate, Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health Coauthor(s): Lawrence M Nelson, MD, MBA , Head of Gynecologic Endocrinology Unit, Investigator, Section of Women's Health Research, Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institutes of Health Vladimir Bakalov, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: Endocrine Society Editor(s): Thomas Michael Price, MD

56. Infertility - A Couple's Survival Guide In one study, women with gonadal (ovarian) failure and primary amenorrhea were consistentlyfound to have no follicular activity on pathology reports (of the http://www.drdaiter.com/47.html

Premature Ovarian Failure Ovarian failure results when there are no eggs available for maturation. With ovarian failure the fertility prognosis is poor unless donor eggs are used. The FSH concentration (ideally with LH and estradiol concentrations) can confirm ovarian failure. In one study, women with gonadal (ovarian) failure and primary amenorrhea were consistently found to have no follicular activity on pathology reports (of the ovarian tissue) when the FSH concentration was greater than 40 IU/L. These data may not be entirely applicable to ovarian failure with secondary amenorrhea, but consistently elevated FSH concentrations (usually greater than 25 IU/L and certainly greater than 40 IU/L) with a coincident low estradiol concentration (to rule out a FSH producing pituitary tumor) and secondary amenorrhea strongly suggests ovarian failure. Menopause is the absence of menstruation due to the depletion of eggs capable of maturation. The average age of menopause in the USA is about 51-52 years old. Less than 1% of women have "menopause" when younger than 40 years old, so that when this occurs it is called "premature ovarian failure" or POF. There appear to be two main causes of this accelerated loss of eggs such that there is total depletion of maturation capable eggs at a very young age (POF). First, there may be a chromosomal abnormality in the X chromosome affecting the genes that regulate the rate of egg loss. Second, autoimmune disease that produces antibodies that can attack and destroy the ovaries is able to result in early ovarian failure.

57. ClinicalTrials.gov - Linking Patients To Medical Research: Browse: National Inst Defining the Genetic Basis for the Development of primary Pigmented Nodular Studyfor Development of an Early Test for ovarian failure Conditions Healthy http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/c/a2r/screen/BrowseAny?path=/browse/by-spon

58. ClinicalTrials.gov - Linking Patients To Medical Research: Study Details Women with premature ovarian failure will be randomized to of agematched women withnormal ovarian function will The primary outcome parameter is femoral neck http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00001951?order=39

59. The Latest Facts About Premature Ovarian Failure - DrDonnica.com - The First Nam fertilization enables POF women the opportunity to reproduce after ovarian failurewith high Finally, it is of primary importance that a woman diagnosed with http://www.drdonnica.com/display.asp?article=6208

60. Colorado Reproductive Endocrinology Presentation of the Woman With Premature ovarian failure The age at which POF occursmay depend upon the It may present as primary or secondary amenorrhea. http://www.coloradofertility.com/physician_prem_failure2.htm

resources Premature Ovarian Failure Introduction Presentation of the Woman With POF Causes of Premature Ovarian Failure Iatrogenic ... Therapy Presentation of the Woman With Premature Ovarian Failure The age at which POF occurs may depend upon the number of follicles initially present and the pace of follicular atresia. It may present as primary or secondary amenorrhea. Women with primary amenorrhea are more likely to have a genetic basis for the POF, having had a smaller complement of oocytes initially. About half of women with POF have a history of infrequent or irregular menses, while about one fourth stop menstruating suddenly. Often these women also have a recent history of infertility. Although those women with primary amenorrhea have no symptoms related to low estradiol levels, the majority of those with secondary amenorrhea typically present with the complaints of hot flashes, fatigue, and mood changes. Theses symptoms may start before the complete cessation of menses. Women with primary amenorrhea may present with signs of Turner's syndrome, while those with secondary amenorrhea usually have normal physical findings. At least one third of women with POF have ovarian follicles visible on ultrasound and many have estradiol levels over 50 pg/ml. Almost 20% may occasionally ovulate. A recent study showed no relationship between the risk of POF and age at menarche, cycle length, and oral contraceptive use. Parity was related to a decreased risk of POF and those women with POF were more likely to have a history of infertility.

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