Abstracts Russian bulletin of perinatology and pediatrics ¹6 2000 E.D. Belousova, M.Yu. Nikanorova, E.A. Nikolaeva
Hereditary metabolic diseases manifesting in newborns This paper is devoted to the topical problem of the diagnosis and treatment of inborn metabolic defects in neonates which appears to be poorly known to general practitioners. Clinical symptoms are described which can prompt a pediatrist and neuropathologist diagnosis of a metabolic disorder in a newborn infant. An algorithm of relevant laboratory studies is described. General principles of therapy of congenital metabolic disorders during the neonatal life are briefly discussed.
Key words: newborns, hereditary metabolic diseases, general symptoms, diagnosis, therapy. M.N. Kosov, I.I. Evsyukova
Therapeutic effect of exogenous surfactant in newborns Application of exogenous surfactant for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in neonates made it possible to essentially decrease mortality of newborne infants and frequency of complications. But in some cases the application of surfactant is not effective. In this article we examines some features, which could affect the effectiveness of exogenous surfactant: biochemical composition, method of instillation, the nature of pathology that leads to respiratory insufficiency. Further development of the problem of the effective application of exogenous surfactant must take in the consideration the elaboration of methods of the early diagnostics of the leading pathophysiological mechanism of respiratory disturbances. Capnography is proposed to be one of such methods, which allows assessing the condition of alveolar ventilation and perfusion, to suppose the leading pathophysiological mechanism and to appoint the appropriate method of oxygen therapy. | |
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