61. (Biografía De Max Born) Translate this page temas que más concitaron la atención de max en sus born volvió a Alemania cuandose retiró en 1953 Le concedieron el premio nobel en 1954, por sus estudios http://www.astrocosmo.cl/biografi/b-m_born.htm

Max Born Nacido el 11 de diciembre de 1882, en Breslau, Alemania (ahora Polonia) Fallecido el 05 de junio de 1970, en Göttingen, Alemania. Max Born , publicó un artículo en 1924 denominado «Zur Quantummechanik», y en éste, por primera vez, se usa la expresión «mecánica cuántica», pasando a constituirse en un concepto permanente de la física. Born, junto a Heisenberg y Pascaul Jordania trabajaron juntos en los problemas que involucraban ese concepto, constituyendo una fructuosa tríada que puso las ideas de Heisenberg en su forma más útil. Pero mirado ello en una visión más amplia, se trata de una contribución memorable que implica la manera en que deben ser analizados los quantum. ¿Cuál es la wavefunction « Y »? ¿Qué significa? Born sugirió que el único aspecto observable de la wavefunction era su cuadrado, y no la wavefunction en sí misma. Sostuvo que la interpretación correcta de la wavefunction era que el cuadrado en un punto dado en espacio era proporcional a la probabilidad de encontrar la partícula en ese punto en el espacio. El cuadrado se llama la densidad de la probabilidad mientras que la wavefunction la amplitud de la probabilidad. Born asistió a la escuela en Breslau, estudiando una amplia gama de temas. En su período escolar no demostró un gran interés en los estudios y prefería más los temas humanísticos que los científicos. En 1901, entró a la Universidad de Breslau; sin embargo, para cumplir con los deseos de su padre tomó una amplia gama de temas relacionados con las ciencias (su padre había muerto poco antes que Max terminara sus estudios secundarios).

62. Max Born Translate this page 1914, Auf Veranlassung von max Planck wird er Um born versammeln sich hervorragendeSchüler und Mitarbeiter aus Is awarded the nobel Prize for Physics for his http://www.ethbib.ethz.ch/exhibit/pauli/born.html

Max Born Born on 11th December in Breslau. Geboren am 11. Dezember in Breslau. Attends the Kaiser Wilhelm classical secondary school in Breslau. Besuch des Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gymnasiums in Breslau Studies mathematics, astronomy and physics at the Universities of Breslau, Heidelberg and Zurich. On the recommendation of Max Planck, becomes professor in Berlin, where he makes friends with Albert Einstein. Auf Veranlassung von Max Planck wird er ausserordentlicher Professor in Berlin, wo er sich mit Albert Einstein anfreundet. Professor in Frankfurt a.M. Lehrstuhl in Frankfurt a.M. Born gathers around him outstanding students and coworkers from throughout the world. With Werner Heisenberg and Pascual Jordan, he develops the mathematical foundations for quantum mechanics. Mit Werner Heisenberg und Pascual Jordan entwickelt er die mathematischen Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik. Suspended because of his Jewish origins. Goes first to Cambridge (GB) and Bangalore (India) and then to Edinburgh on the invitation of Ernest Rutherford. Geht zuerst nach Cambridge (GB) und Bangalore (Indien) dann auf Einladung von Ernest Rutherford nach Edinburgh.

63. Creative Quotations From Max Born (1882-1970) He won the nobel Prize for Physics,1954, for his statistical intepretation of Searchhere for max born photos, websites, books, posters more Click here for http://www.creativequotations.com/one/1486.htm

CQ Home Search CQ Random CQ eLibrary ... Bemorecreative Creative Quotations from . . . Max Born (1882-1970) born on Dec 11 German-British physicist, educator. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics,1954, for his statistical intepretation of the quantum theory. Search millions of documents for Max Born Scroll down for more research options. One Question To Success There are two objectionable types of believers: those who believe the incredible and those who believe that 'belief' must be discarded and replaced by 'the scientific method.' I am now convinced that theoretical physics is actual philosophy. Intellect distinguishes between the possible and the impossible; reason distinguishes between the sensible and the senseless. Even the possible can be senseless. And the continuity of our science has not been affected by all these turbulent happenings, as the older theories have always been included as limiting cases in the new ones. The belief that there is only one truth and that oneself is in possession of it seems to me the deepest root of all evil that is in the world. Published Sources for Quotations Above: F: "Natural Philosophy of Cause and Chance," Appendix One.

64. ClubCaminantes - Premios Nobel - Fisica, El Club De Los Caminantes Translate this page PREMIOS nobel, FISICA. 1901-1925 1926-1950 1951-1975 1976-2000.1951. Universidad de University. Holanda. 1954. born, max (Gran Bretaña). http://caminantes.metropoliglobal.com/web/nobel/fisica3.htm

Inicio Foros Chat Top 10 ... PREMIOS NOBEL FISICA Cockcroft, John D. Por su trabajo pionero en la transmutación del nucleo atómico por partículas atómicas artificialmente aceleradas. Establecimiento de Investigación de la Energia Atómica. Harwell Didcot, Gran Bretaña Walton, Ernest T.S. (Irlanda) Por su trabajo pionero en la transmutación del nucleo atómico por partículas atómicas artificialmente aceleradas. Universidad de Dublin. Dublin, Irlanda Bloch, Felix (Estados Unidos) Por el desarrollo conjunto de nuevos métodos para medidas magneticas nucleares de precisión, y sus descubrimientos derivados de las aplicación de estos métodos. Universidad de Stanford. Stanford, CA, Estados Unidos Purcell, Edward M. (Estados Unidos) Por el desarrollo conjunto de nuevos métodos para medidas magneticas nucleares de precisión, y sus descubrimientos derivados de las aplicación de estos métodos.

65. Pictures Gallery Of The Nobel Prize Winners In Physics Translate this page The nobel Prize in Physics. 1998. Robert B. Laughlin Horst L. Störmer Daniel C.Tsui 1997. 1954. max born Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe 1953. Frits Zernike 1952. http://www.th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~jr/physpicnobel.html

The Nobel Prize in Physics Robert B. Laughlin Daniel C. Tsui Steven Chu ... Hannes Olof Gosta Alfven Louis Eugene Felix Neel Murray Gell-Mann Luis Walter Alvarez Hans Albrecht Bethe Alfred Kastler Richard Phillips Feynman Julian Seymour Schwinger Sin-Itiro Tomonaga Nikolai Gennadievich Basov Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov Charles Hard Townes Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen Maria Goeppert-Mayer ... Sir Edward Victor Appleton Percy Williams Bridgman Wolfgang Ernst Pauli Isidor Isaac Rabi Otto Stern None None None Ernest Orlando Lawrence Enrico Fermi Clinton Joseph Davisson Sir George Paget Thomson ... Sir James Chadwick None Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac Werner Karl Heisenberg None Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman Prince Louis-Victor Pierre Raymond de Broglie Sir Owen Willans Richardson Arthur Holly Compton Charles Thomson Rees Wilson Jean Baptiste Perrin James Franck Gustav Ludwig Hertz Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn Robert Andrews Millikan ... Albert Einstein Charles Eduard Guillaume Johannes Stark Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck Charles Glover Barkla None Sir William Henry Bragg Sir William Lawrence Bragg Max Theodor Felix von Laue Heike Kamerlingh Onnes ... Guglielmo Marconi Gabriel Jonas Lippmann Albert Abraham Michelson Sir Joseph John Thomson Philipp Eduard Anton Lenard John William Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) ... Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen Donated by Christopher Walker, University of Ulster

66. Born, Max born, max. Germanborn British physicist. He was awarded the nobel Prize for Physicsin 1954 for fundamental work on the quantum theory, especially his 1926 http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0003229.html

HOME Internet Access Broadband Easter ... Travel Search the Web: serveAd("REFERENCE.HOME") REFERENCE ENCYCLOPAEDIA Hutchinson's Encyclopaedia Country Facts On This Day ... Wildlife TOOLS Car Insurance Cheap Flights Downloads Email By Phone ... What's On TISCALI About Us Business Services Investor Relations Contact Us Click a letter for the index A B C D ... Z Or search the encyclopaedia: HUTCHINSON ENCYCLOPEDIA Born, Max German-born British physicist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1954 for fundamental work on the quantum theory , especially his 1926 discovery that the wave function of an electron is linked to the probability that the electron is to be found at any point. In 1924 Born coined the term quantum mechanics. He made Gttingen a leading centre for theoretical physics and together with his students and collaborators notably Werner Heisenberg he devised in 1925 a system called matrix mechanics that accounted mathematically for the position and momentum of the electron in the atom. He also devised a technique, called the Born approximation method, for computing the behaviour of subatomic particles, which is of great use in high-energy physics. makeButtonNoSize("REFERENCE.HOME","R2")

67. PANS Nobelpreis - 1954 Max Born max born 1882 1970. max born was born on December 11 th 1882 in Breslau. Togetherwith Wather Bothe, born was awarded the nobel Prize in physics in http://www.hmi.de/bereiche/SF/SF7/PANS/english/nobel/nobel_last.html

Max Born Max Born was born on December 11 th 1882 in Breslau. From 1914 to 1921 he had been a professor in Berlin, Breslau and Frankfurt (Main). He immigrated to Edinburgh in 1933 and did not return to Germany until 1953. Born contributed essentially to the lattice theory of crystals, to the Theory of Relativity and to the theory of electromagnetic waves of light. Based on the Heisenberg matrix mechanics he succeeded together with his students Werner Heisenberg and Pascual Jordan in developing the new quantum-mechanical description of atomic processes. Together with Wather Bothe, Born was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 1954 for his statistical interpretations of quantum mechanics made in 1926 and his theory of lattice. Born died on January 5 th 1970 in Goettingen. © 1999 – 2002, HMI, Arbeitsgruppe Nukleare Messtechnik, Prof. W. von Oertzen

68. PANS Nobelpreis - 1954 Max Born max born 1882 1970. max born was born on December 11 th 1882 in Breslau. Togetherwith Wather Bothe, born was awarded the nobel Prize in Physics in http://www.hmi.de/bereiche/SF/SF7/PANS/english/nobel/nobel_1954.html

Max Born Max Born was born on December 11 th 1882 in Breslau. From 1914 to 1921 he had been professor in Berlin, Breslau and Frankfurt (Main)/Germany. He immigrated to Edinburgh in 1933 and did not return to Germany until 1953. Born contributed essentially to the lattice theory of crystals, to the theory of relativity and to the theory of electromagnetic waves of light. Based on the Heisenberg matrix mechanics he succeeded together with his students Werner Heisenberg and Pascual Jordan in developing the new quantum-mechanical description of atomic processes. Together with Wather Bothe, Born was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1954 for his statistical interpretations of quantum mechanics made in 1926 and his theory of lattice. Born died on January 5 th 1970 in Goettingen. © 1999 – 2002, HMI, Arbeitsgruppe Nukleare Messtechnik, Prof. W. von Oertzen

69. VCU Library News My life recollections of a nobel laureate / max born. Author born, max, 18821970.Pub date 1978 Location CABELL Stacks Call number QC16.B643 A3213 1978. http://www.library.vcu.edu/whatsnew/news_result.cfm?ID=277

70. Untitled max born. Click here for full size picture. (b. Dec. 11, 1882, Breslau, Ger.d.Jan. 5, 1970, Göttingen), German physicist, winner of the nobel Prize for http://octopus.phy.bg.ac.yu/web_projects/giants/born.html

Max Born Click here for full size picture Werner Heisenberg had formulated the first laws of a new quantum theory, Born collaborated with him to develop the mathematical formulation that would adequately describe it. Somewhat later, when put forward his quantum mechanical wave equation, Born showed that the solution of the equation has a statistical meaning of physical significance. Born also introduced a useful technique, known as the Born approximation, for solving problems concerning the scattering of atomic particles. He and J. Robert Oppenheimer initiated a widely used simplification of the calculations dealing with electronic structures of molecules.

71. University Of Zurich - About The University max von Laue. 1914 nobel Prize for Physics For his discovery of the diffractionof Xrays by crystals. . born 9.10.1879 in Ehrenbreitstein/G Deceased 24.4.1960 http://www.unizh.ch/info/universitaet/nobel.en.html

ABOUT THE UNIVERSITY History in brief The University in Figures Nobel Prize Winners Faculties Nobel Prize Winners Rolf M. Zinkernagel 1996 Nobel Prize for Medicine together with Peter Doherty "For research on the biochemical mechanism with which the immune system recognizes and destroys virus-infected cells." Born 6.1.1944 in Basel In 1996, Professor Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Director of the Institute for Experimental Immunology, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine together with the Australian researcher Peter C. Doherty. They were both honoured for discovering how the human immune system can distinguish between infected and non-infected cells. Today Zinkernagel works, together with Professor Hans Hengartner and 30 colleagues, on so-called autoimmune diseases such as juvenile diabetes and multiple sclerosis. At the University of Zurich: since 1979 Professor of Experimental Immunology 1987 Nobel Prize for Physics together with George Bednorz "For their important breakthrough in the field of superconductivity." Born 20.4.1927 in Basel

72. Searches Fast As The Wind Results 1 20 of 61 Sorted By Score, Search Term Used max born, Show/HideSummaries, 1. max born Winner of the 1954 nobel Prize in Physics. http://www.blowsearch.com/search.php?Terms=max born

73. Compare Prices And Save On New And Used Books, Textbooks, College Textbooks And My Life Recollections of a nobel Laureate by max born 0850661749 Hardcover , June1978 Book Review Customer Reviews Sales Ranking Table of Contents Compare http://www.aaabooksearch.com/Author/Max Born/0

document.title='Books Search Results: Max Born' Search: Title Author ISBN Keyword Search Results Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light by Max Born Emil Wolf Hardcover , September 1999 Book Review Customer Reviews Sales Ranking Table of Contents ... Atomic Physics by Max Born R. J. Blin-Stoyle J. M. Radcliffe Paperback , June 1989 Book Review Customer Reviews Sales Ranking Table of Contents ... Dynamical Theory of Crystal Lattices by Max Born Kun Huang Paperback , March 1999 Book Review Customer Reviews Sales Ranking Table of Contents ... Einstein's Theory of Relativity by Max Born Gunther Leibfried Walter Biem Paperback , March 1989 Book Review Customer Reviews Sales Ranking Table of Contents ... Stochasticity and Quantum Chaos: Proceedings of the 3rd Max Born Symposium, Sobotka Castle, September 15-17, 1993 by Third Max Born Symposium Staf Zbigniew Haba (Editor), Wojciech Cegla (Editor), Lech Jakobczyk (Editor) Hardcover , January 1995 Book Review Customer Reviews Sales Ranking Table of Contents ... Atomic Physics by Max Born Hardcover , January 1970

74. NOBEL Per La FISICA Translate this page nobel per la FISICA Solvay 1927 1901. Röentgen, Wilhelm C. (Germania). 1902. 1953.Zernike, Frits (Paesi Bassi). 1954. born, max (RFT). Bothe, Walter (RDT). 1955. http://digilander.libero.it/andreawentura/fisica/nobel.htm

NOBEL per la FISICA Solvay 1927 Röentgen, Wilhelm C. (Germania) Lorentz, Hendrik A. (Paesi Bassi) Zeeman, Pieter (Paesi Bassi) Curie, Pierre (Francia) Curie, Marie (Francia) Becquerel, Antoine H. (Francia) Rayleigh, John W. (Gran Bretagna) Lenard, Philipp (Germania) Thomson, Joseph John (Gran Bretagna) Michelson, Albert A. (USA) Lippmann, Gabriel (Francia) Marconi, Guglielmo (Italia) Braun, Karl F. (Germania) Waals, Johannes D. van der (Paesi Bassi) Wien, Wilhelm (Germania) Dalén, Nils Gustaf (Svezia) Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike (Paesi Bassi) Laue, Max von (Germania) Bragg, William H. (Gran Bretagna) Bragg, William L. (Gran Bretagna) Non assegnato Barkla, Charles G. (Gran Bretagna) Planck, Max Karl E.L. (Germania) Stark, Johannes (Germania) Guillaume, Charles E. (Francia) Einstein, Albert (USA) Bohr, Niels Henrik D. (Danimarca) Millikan, Robert A. (USA) Siegbahn, Karl M.G. (Svezia) Franck, James (Germania) Herz, Gustav (Germania)

75. Max Born - Wikipedia max born (December 11, 1882 January 5, 1970 Only child of Gustav born and MargareteKauffmann He was awarded the 1954 nobel Prize for Physics, the Stokes Medal http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Born

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Page history Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Other languages: Deutsch Max Born From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Max Born ( December 11 January 5 German mathematician and physicist Only child of Gustav Born and Margarete Kauffmann Initially educated at the König-Wilhelm- Gymnasium , he went on to study at the University of Breslau followed by Heidelberg University and Zurich University . During this period he came into contact with many prominent scientists and mathematicians including Klein Hilbert Minkowski Runge ... Schwarzschild , and Voigt In he was appointed a lecturer at the University of Göttingen where he worked until when he moved to work at Chicago University . In after a period in the German army he became a professor at the University of Frankfurt-on-Main and in due to the anti-Semitic government activity at the time he went to lecture at Cambridge University and Edinburgh University His published works include Dynamics of Crystal Lattices and Zur Quantummechanik . He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics, the

76. MAX BORN max born. *max born (b. Dec. 11, 1882, Breslau, now Wroclaw in Poland; d. Jan. bornshared (with Walter Bothe) the 1954 nobel Prize for physics. http://www.ift.uni.wroc.pl/~poff/symposia/max.html

MAX BORN *Max BORN (b. Dec. 11, 1882, Breslau, now Wroclaw in Poland; d. Jan. 5, 1970, Göttingen, Germany) German-British physicist. Born was the son of an embryologist, a professor of anatomy at the University of Breslau. He was educated at the universities of Breslau, Heidelberg, Zurich and Göttingen, where he obtained his PhD in 1907. From 1909 until 1933 he taught at Göttingen, being appointed professor of physics in 1921. With the rise of Hitler he moved to Britain, and from 1936 served as professor of natural philosophy at the University of Edinburgh and became British subject in 1939. He returned to Germany on his retirement in 1953. Born`s early work was on crystals, particularly the vibrations of atoms in crystal lattices. The Born-Haber cycle Born-Einstein letters were published in 1971). Born shared (with Walter Bothe) the 1954 Nobel Prize for physics. He is buried in Göttingen, where his tombstone displays his fundamental equation of matrix mechanics: LIST OF MAX BORN SYMPOSIA Anna Jadczyk poff@ift.uni.wroc.pl

77. NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS nobel PRIZE WINNERS IN PHYSICS 1954 max born (18821970) British WaltherBothe (1891-1957) German Contributions to quantum mechanics. http://members.tripod.com/unifier2/nobelprizesframes.html

NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS IN PHYSICS Year Winner(s) Life Dates Nationality Year Awarded For 1901 Wilhelm K. Roentgen (1845-1923) German Discovery of X rays 1902 Hendrik A. Lorentz (1853-1928) Dutch Pieter Zeeman (1865-1943) Dutch Influence of magnetism on radiation phenomena 1903 Antoine H. Becquerel (1852-1908) French Pierre Curie (1859-1906) French Marie Curie (1867-1934) French Discovery of radioactivity in uranium. Work on radioactivity based on Becquerel's discovery 1904 John Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) (1842-1919) British Studies on density of gases; discovery (with Sir William Ramsay) of argon 1905 Philipp Lenard (1862-1947) Hungarian Work on cathode rays 1906 Sir Joseph J. Thomson (1856-1940) British Conduction of electricity through gases 1907 Albert A. Michelson (1852-1931) American Optical precision instruments and studies made with them 1908 Gabriel Lippmann (1845-1921) French Color photography based on interference 1909 Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937) Italian Karl F. Braun (1850-1918) German

78. Nobel Prizes In Physics nobel Prizes in Physics. 0830) Development of a novel precision method of nuclearmagnetism (NMR) 1953 F. Zernike (Netherlands) 1954 max born (United Kingdom http://userpage.chemie.fu-berlin.de/diverse/bib/nobel_physik_e.html

Nobel Prizes in Physics Deutsche Version dieser Seite (Information not checked) (Germany, 1845-03-27 - 1923-02-10) Discovery of X rays Hendrik A. Lorentz (Netherlands, 1853-07-18 - 1929-02-04) Pieter Zeeman (Netherlands, 1865-05-25 - 1943-10-09) Henri A. Becquerel (France, 1852-12-15 - 1908-08-25) Marie Curie (France, Poland, 1867-11-07 - 1934-07-04) Pierre Curie (France, 1859-05-15 - 1906-04-19) Discovery of radioactivity Lord Rayleigh (United Kingdom) Philipp E. Lenard (Germany, 1862-06-07 - 1947-05-20) Joseph J. Thomson (United Kingdom, 1856-12-18 - 1940-04-30) Conduction of electricity in gases Albert A. Michelson (USA, 1852-12-19 - 1931-05-09) Measurement of the speed of light G. Lippmann (France) Karl Ferdinand Braun (Germany, 1850-06-06 - 1918-04-20) Guglielmo Marconi (Italy, 1874-04-25 - 1937-07-20) wireless telegraphy Johann D. van der Waals (Netherlands, 1837-11-23 - 1923-03-07) Molecular forces Wilhelm Wien (Germany, 1864-01-13 - 1928-08-30) Heat radiation (Sweden) H. Kamerlingh Onnes (Netherlands) Max von Laue (Germany, 1879-10-09 - 1960-04-24)

79. Prémios Nobel Translate this page . Prémios nobel de Física. 1954 - max born e Walther BOTHE ( alemães ) Contribuiçõespara o estudo da mecânica quântica e para o estudo da emissão de http://luisperna.com.sapo.pt/nobel_fisica.htm

Prémios Nobel de Física 2002 - Masatoshi Koshiba (japonês), Raymond Davis Jr., (norte-americano) e Riccardo Giacconi (norte-americano), foram galardoados, respectivamente, pelas suas contribuições pioneiras para a astrofísica, em particular na detecção de neutrinos (os dois primeiros) e pela descoberta das fontes cósmicas de raios X (o terceiro). Os seus trabalhos alteraram a simples forma de ver as estrelas, as galáxias e o Sol, que não têm sempre o mesmo aspecto, não são estáticos, mas envolvem processos de altas energias que emitem partículas que atravessam a Terra. 2001 - Eric CORNELL ( americano ), Carl WIEMAN ( americano ) e Wolfgang KETTERLE ( alemão ) Trabalhando em laboratórios separados, o trio criou um método de "ultra-resfriamento de átomos", usando temperaturas que são "milhões de vezes mais baixas do que as encontradas no espaço interstelar". A corrente de átomos altamente direccionável pode ser utilizada para fazer chips atómicos e estes novos produtos podem servir de base para uma nova geração da computação. 2000 - Zhores I. ALFEROV ( russo ), Herbert KROEMER ( americano ) e Jack S. KILBY ( americano )

80. Max Born And J appointed as a professor to assist max Planck at of the World War II in 1919 Bornwas appointed wellknown experiments that received the nobel Prize originated http://ed.augie.edu/~rmjohnso/born_oppy.html

Max Born and J. Robert Oppenheimer The Born-Oppenheimer Approximation May 12, 2000 Max Born Max Born was boring in Breslau on the 11 th of December, 1882, to Professor Gustav Born, anatomist and embroylogist and his wife Margarete Kauffmann, who was a member of a Silesian family of industrialist. At the age of 4 Max’s mother died and his maternal grandmother brought him up. Max attended the Konig Wilhem’s Gymnasium in Breslau and continued his studies at the Universities of Breslau. A well-known mathematician, Rosanes, introduced Born to matrix calculus. After he was done with Universitites of Breslau he then attended Heidelberg, Zurich (here he was impressed by Hurwitz’s lectures on higher analysis), and Gottingen. At Gottingen he mostly read mathmatics under Klein, Hilbert, Minkowski, and Runge, but also studied astronomy under Schwarzschild, and physics under Voigt. While still at University of Gottingen he was awarded the Prize of the Philosophical Faculty for the work on the stability of elastic wires and tapes, and he then graduated a year later (1907) on the basis of this work. Born next went to Cambridge for a short time to study under Larmor and J. J. Thomson. In 1908 he went back to Breslau and worked with the physicists Lummer and Pringsheim, and also studied the theory of relativity. Minowski invited Born to come and help him with one of his papers at Gottingen, but Minkowski died in the winter of 1909. Born then took the task of going through Minkiowski’s literary works on the field of physics and did the publishing of the uncompleted papers. Later on he became an academic lecturer at Gottingen in recognition of his work on the relativistic electron. In 1912 Michelson invited Born to Chicago to lecture on relativity and while there in Chicago he did some experiments with Michelson grating spectrograph. In 1913 Born was married to Hedwig, nee Ehrengerg, and three children were procreated out of the marriage.

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