41. Untitled groundbreaking discoveries in the way the human brain works will share this year'sNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Swede arvid carlsson and Americans http://www.uoguelph.ca/~dstevens/teach/320/nobel/nobel.htm

Brain researchers share Nobel prize WebPosted Mon Oct 9 08:40:26 2000 STOCKHOLM - A Swede and two Americans who made groundbreaking discoveries in the way the human brain works will share this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Swede Arvid Carlsson and Americans Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel will split $1.3 million for their discoveries about "signal transduction" in the nervous system. Their work is important for understanding not only how the brain normally functions – how cells communicate – but how neurological and psychological diseases arise. Summary In the human brain there are more than hundred billion nerve cells. They are connected to each other through an infinitely complex network of nerve processes. The message from one nerve cell to another is transmitted through different chemical transmitters. The signal transduction takes place in special points of contact, called synapses. A nerve cell can have thousands of such contacts with other nerve cells. The three Nobel Laureates in Physiology or Medicine have made pioneering discoveries concerning one type of signal transduction between nerve cells, referred to as slow synaptic transmission. These discoveries have been crucial for an understanding of the normal function of the brain and how disturbances in this signal transduction can give rise to neurological and psychiatric diseases. These findings have resulted in the development of new drugs. Arvid Carlsson, Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg is rewarded for his discovery that dopamine is a transmitter in the brain and that it has great importance for our ability to control movements. His research has led to the realization that Parkinson's disease is caused by a lack of dopamine in certain parts of the brain and that an efficient remedy (L-dopa) for this disease could be developed. Arvid Carlsson has made a number of subsequent discoveries, which have further clarified the role of dopamine in the brain. He has thus demonstrated the mode of action of drugs used for the treatment of schizophrenia.

42. Arvid Carlsson The nobel Prize winner in Physiology or Medicine for 2000 is arvid carlsson fromthe University of Göteborg, together with Paul Greengard, Rockefeller http://www.goteborg.se/prod/sk/dalismediaservice.nsf/213cb8577cb8477f41256664005

43. INDEX Alferov, Zhores I. Alferov, Zhores I. Alfred Einstein. Alfred nobel. Andrea Ghez.Anton Zeilinger. Anzan. arvid carlsson. Atomic model. Atoms. BARC Training School. http://202.41.94.163/nov00/

INDEX A.F. Ioffe AACR-II Accelerator network Alan G. MacDiarmid ... / Contents

44. Pesquisas Sobre Sistema Nervoso Levam O Nobel Translate this page sueco e dois norte-americanos receberam ontem o Prêmio nobel 2000 de arvid carlsson,da Suécia, Paul Greengard e Eric Kandel, dos Estados Unidos, vão http://www.jt.estadao.com.br/editorias/2000/10/10/ger068.html

Home Últimas Notícias Arte e Lazer Autos ... Assinaturas busca ok avancada 17 de abril de 2003 - cidade ... quem somos Pesquisas sobre sistema nervoso levam o Nobel Ig Nobel anterior Filhos na escola. Ou pais na cadeia Geral capa JT imprimir enviar advogado de defesa artigos assine já caderno de tv ... variedades

45. La Repubblica/cultura_scienze: Il Nobel Per La Medicina A 3 Studiosi Del Cervell Translate this page ha annunciato di aver assegnato il primo nobel per la medicina del Terzo Millennioa tre pionieri degli studi sul cervello. arvid carlsson, dell'università di http://www.repubblica.it/online/cultura_scienze/nobel2000/medicina/medicina.html

Trova Scrivi Cronaca Politica ... Cinema: le recensioni Premiati Carlsson, Greengard e Kandel per le scoperte sulla "trasmissione del segnale nel sistema nervoso" Il Nobel per la medicina a 3 studiosi del cervello di CLAUDIA DI GIORGIO ROMA - Grandi protagoniste della ricerca di questi ultimi anni, le neuroscienze ottengono oggi un altro importantissimo riconoscimento dal Karolinska Institute di Stoccolma, che ha annunciato di aver assegnato il primo Nobel per la medicina del Terzo Millennio a tre pionieri degli studi sul cervello. Arvid Carlsson Greengard , della Rockfeller University di New York, ed Eric Kandel , della Columbia University vincono congiuntamente la massima onorificenza scientifica per le loro scoperte sulla "trasmissione del segnale nel sistema nervoso", così recita il comunicato dell'accademia svedese, sottolineando che gli studi dei tre scienziati premiati "sono stati determinanti per la comprensione delle normali funzioni del cervello", ma anche delle malattie che sono provocate dal cattivo funzionamento della comunicazione tra le cellule cerebrali, e di conseguenza delle terapie per curarle. Negli anni '50, Arvid

46. Science News: Nobel 2000 10/00) Three neuroscientists will share this year's nobel Prize for The new laureatesare arvid carlsson, Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg http://www.accessexcellence.org/WN/SUA14/nobel2k.html

Nobels to Brain Researchers By Sean Henahan , Access Excellence Washington, DC Three neuroscientists will share this year's Nobel Prize for medicine for their pioneering studies of neurotransmitters, research that led the way to a better understanding of neurological diseases and the developments of treatments for Parkinson's disease and depression. The new laureates are Arvid Carlsson, Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg; Paul Greengard, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Science, Rockefeller University, New York; and Eric Kandel, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York. Each of the awardees was recognized for his specific contributions to the understanding of how nerve cells communicate. In particular, the scientists all helped elucidate one type of signal transduction known as slow synaptic transmission. The neurotransmitter dopamine plays a key role in this process. Some of the drugs that were developed thanks to the research in this area include L-Dopa, a standard treatment for Parkinson's disease, and the antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac). Dr. Carlsson is credited for the critical discovery that dopamine is a transmitter in the brain that plays an essential role in muscle movement. He has also mad important discoveries regarding the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Dr. Greengard's research elaborated the mechanism of action of dopamine and other transmitters. He determined that a neurotransmitter interacts with a cell surface receptor, triggering a cascade of reactions that activate regulatory proteins. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of these proteins changes their shape and function, facilitating the transmission of signals through the nervous system. Dr. Kandel, for his part, made important discoveries regarding the modification of the efficiency of synapses, providing important new information on short and long-term memory.

47. ABCNEWS.com : Trio Share Medicine Nobel arvid carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel won the nobel Prize in medicinefor their discoveries concerning how messages are transmitted in the nervous http://abcnews.go.com/sections/living/DailyNews/nobel001009.html

December 17, 2000 Good Morning America World News Tonight Downtown Primetime ... ABCNEWS.com GO TO: Select a Topic Health Index HOMEPAGE HEALTH FEATURE Swedish Professor Arvid Carlsson, of the University of Goteborg, Sweden, is seen in this 1969 file photo. Carlsson was named the 2000 Nobel Prize winner in medicine, together with Americans Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel. (AP Photo) The Prize Trio Share Medicine Nobel The Associated Press S T O C K H O L M, Oct. 9 The three Nobel laureates will share the $915,000 prize for their pioneering discoveries concerning one way brain cells send messages to each other, according to the award citation. Carlsson, 77, is with the University of Goteborg in Sweden, Greengard, 74, is with Rockefeller University in New York and Kandel, 70, is an Austrian-born U.S. citizen with Columbia University in New York. More to Come The awards culminate Friday with the coveted peace prize in Oslo, Norway. Greengard was awarded for his discovery of how dopamine and other chemical messengers shuttle messages between brain cells. Kandel was cited for his research on the biology of memory, showing the importance of changes in the synapse, a tiny gap between brain cells where messages are transmitted. Suspense Over Literature The Swedish Academy, which traditionally keeps the date of the literature prize secret until a couple days before it announces the winner, has not set a time yet, but it is always a Thursday, usually in October.

48. Three Scientists Share Nobel Prize In Medicine Excerpts from the nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute awarding the 2000 nobelPrize in Physiology or Medicine Monday to arvid carlsson, Paul Greengard http://www.bangla2000.com/News/Archive/International/10-10-2000/news_detail1.sht

News Web Resources Yellow Pages Free Advertising ... International News Full Story document.write(code); Change Your Life! Three scientists share Nobel Prize in medicine News Sports Chat Travel ... B2K Club October 10, 2000 STOCKHOLM (Bangla2000 news-desk/AP) - A Swede and two U.S. researchers won the Nobel Prize in medicine Monday for discoveries about how messages are transmitted between brain cells, work that has paid off for treating Parkinson's disease and depression. Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel will share the 9 million kronor (dlrs 915,000 prize for their pioneering discoveries concerning one way brain cells send messages to each other, called "slow synaptic transmission." These discoveries have been crucial for understanding how the brain normally works. The work also laid the groundwork for developing the standard treatment for Parkinson's disease and contributed to the development of a class of antidepressants that includes Prozac, the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute said. Carlsson, 77, is with the University of Goteborg in Sweden, Greengard, 74, is with Rockefeller University in New York and Kandel, 70, is an Austrian-born U.S. citizen with Columbia University in New York.

49. Nobel Prize For Medicine 2000 nervous system. This year nobel prize for Medicine has been awardedto a trio, arvid carlsson. Paul Greengard. Eric Kandel. for their http://www.manbir-online.com/news/nobel-2000.htm

Arvid Carlsson July 04, 2002 Nobel prize for Medicine 2000 The Nobel prize for Medicine has been awarded for research which helped doctors inch towards a treatment for Parkinson's Disease. This disease is a tragic disorder of the nervous system. This year Nobel prize for Medicine has been awarded to a trio Arvid Carlsson Paul Greengard Eric Kandel. for their discoveries concerning how messages are transmitted in the nervous system. The three Nobel laureates made pioneering discoveries concerning one way that brain cells pass messages to each other. Sufferers of Parkinson's include Pope John Paul II, Mohamad Ali and screen actor Micheal J. Fox. Their symptoms were in the form of tremor, slow movement or difficulty in speaking. Among the advance cases of Parkinson's the decline in health is even more terrible to witness. The face becomes expression less because of rigidity. The swallowing becomes less frequent, leading to drooling, Depression, Dementia and death. Working separately the trio made discoveries in to chemical signaling in the brain - the minute substances which are used to send a message from one nerve cell to another.

50. Nouvelle Page Translate this page physiologiste suédois Ulf von Euler, par lequel arvid carlsson n'a certainementpas manqué d'être influencé (von Euler aura d'ailleurs le prix nobel en 1970 http://www.hypsos.ch/articles/nobel.htm

édition du 11 octobre 2000 Le prix Nobel pour la transmission du signal dans le système nerveux Carlsson : une intuition géniale qui conduit au traitement du Parkinson Des trois lauréats du prix Nobel 2000, qui chacun s'est illustré par des travaux sur la neurotransmission, c'est le Suédois Arvid Carlsson qui a ouvert le bal, grâce à une intuition géniale qui allait permettre le traitement de la maladie de Parkinson. Le Suédois Arvid Carlsson (photo AFP) E N 1950, Arvid Carlsson a 27 ans ; il entame une carrière de pharmacologue à l'université de Lund. Il s'intéresse à la réserpine, substance alors utilisée contre l'hypertension, et constate que l'administration au rat provoque une catatonie chez l'animal. Cherchant à comprendre le mécanisme sous-jacent, il pense à un effet sur un neurotransmetteur. A l'époque, le concept de neurotransmetteur était des plus vagues - et pour cause. Mais l'idée était dans l'air, notamment grâce aux travaux menés sur la noradrénaline par le physiologiste suédois Ulf von Euler, par lequel Arvid Carlsson n'a certainement pas manqué d'être influencé (von Euler aura d'ailleurs le prix Nobel en 1970, en compagnie de J. Axelrod et B. Katz). Carlsson, donc, recherche une modification biochimique dans le cerveau des rats sous réserpine. Et il met effectivement en évidence un effondrement de la dopamine. Une fois ses premières observations publiées en 1952 dans une revue scandinave de pharmacologie, Carlsson poursuit ses travaux en tentant d'administrer, en I. V., à des rats sous réserpine la dopamine qui leur fait apparemment défaut. Sans résultat. Pire, même, la dopamine administrée n'est pas retrouvée dans le cerveau des animaux.

51. Il Nobel 2000 Per La Medicina Translate this page nobel al Karolinka Institutet ha deciso di assegnare congiuntamente il premio nobel2000 per la Fisiologia o la Medicina a. arvid carlsson, Paul Greengard e http://www.med.unipi.it/neuroscienze/nobel.htm

Il Nobel 2000 per la Medicina Stoccolma, 7 dicembre 2000 Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard e Eric Kandel per le loro scoperte riguardanti Riassunto Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard, Eric Kandel

52. Nobel Prize For Medicine In Mental Health Research The nobel Prize citation stated, “The discoveries of arvid carlsson have hadgreat importance for the treatment of depression, which is one of our most http://www.namiscc.org/newsletters/November/Nobel.htm

NAMI SCC Website Nobel Prize for Medicine Three scientists, Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel shared this year’s Nobel Price for Medicine. The trio focused on how brain cells communicate, and in particular Carlsson’s work shed light on the new antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia as well as the SSRI’s used to treat depression and OCD. The Nobel Prize citation stated, “The discoveries of Arvid Carlsson have had great importance for the treatment of depression, which is one of our most common diseases.” Nobel Prize for Medicine Press Release NAMI Article on the 2000 Nobel Prize for medicine. The Nobel Lectures (on-demand video of their lectures given on Friday, December 8, 2000 at Karolinska Institutet, Berzelius laboratoriet, Stockholm) Paul Greengard's Lab - with summary of research goals and recent publications. Eric Kandel's Lab - summary of research. The future of psychiatry - Eric Kandel say's it lies with biology. Last Updated on 06/30/02 webmaster@namiscc.org var site="sm3NAMISCC" Opinions expressed in this web site do not necessarily reflect the views of NAMI Santa Cruz County, NAMI California or any affiliated organizations. We attempt to present a balanced perspective on issues by presenting multiple viewpoints.

53. Nobel 2000 - 1 - NOVEMBRE 2000 Translate this page Trois chercheurs en neurobiologie, le Suédois, arvid carlsson, et les Américains,Paul Greengard et Eric Kandel, se partagent le prix nobel de médecine 2000 http://www.cite-sciences.fr/actu/numeros/N84_nov00/kiosques/html/nobel1.html

NOBEL 2000 novembre 2000 La transmission des informations dans le cerveau Arvid Carlsson PHOTO: EPA-PRESSENS BICD C "On parle essentiellement des implications de ses découvertes dans la maladie de Parkinson, ce qui est incontestable, mais il y a de nombreuses autres applications, dans des domaines aussi divers que la schizophrénie, les dépressions, la toxicomanie, l’hyperactivité chez les enfants, etc." Paul Greengard PHOTO: Henry Ray Abrams "Ces travaux sont fondamentaux, car si le phénomène de phosphorylation des protéines était déjà connu Et depuis, tous les laboratoires s’intéressent de près ou de loin à ce processus." PHOTO: Stan Honda "Il a mis en évidence des mécanismes élémentaires du fonctionnement cellulaire et moléculaire de ce que l’on pense être à la base des phénomènes de mémoire et d’apprentissage" , explique Jean-Antoine Girault.

54. Prix Nobel Translate this page Le 10 décembre, le roi de Suède Carl XVI Gustaf remettra officiellement le prixNobel de médecine au Suédois arvid carlsson et à deux Américains, Paul http://www.espacemultimedia.com/fr/actualite/palais_decouverte/actu/prix_nobel/

Home Prix nobel PRIX NOBEL DE MEDECINE À TROIS PIONNIERS DES NEUROSCIENCES Transmission synaptique. Dans tous les cas de transmission chimique, à l'intérieur de la fente synaptique, la concentration du neuromédiateur dépend d'une part de la libération du neuromédiateur, mais aussi d'autres phénomènes comme l'activité de recapture (" pompage du neuromédiateur par l'extrémité axonale). C'est en inhibant cette recapture que certains antidépresseurs peuvent agir. Les travaux d'Arvid Carlsson. Les travaux de Greengard et Kandel. Son " cobaye " fut, non pas le classique rat, mais un gastéropode marin, l'aplysie, qui a la particularité d'avoir peu de neurones et peu de synapses. Le fonctionnement de ces dernières peut donc être plus facilement " décortiqué ". Notons au passage que ce modèle animal, qui permit de nombreuses découvertes, fut mis au point dans le laboratoire du professeur Ladislas Tauc, au CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette.

55. CNN.com - Brain Disorder Pioneers Win Nobel Prize - October 9, 2000 The 50strong nobel Assembly, at Sweden's Karolinska Institute, which makes theaward, said arvid carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel will share a prize http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/10/09/sweden.nobel/

world europe Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Brain disorder pioneers win Nobel Prize STOCKHOLM, Sweden

56. CNN.com - IT And Plastics Pioneers Win Nobel Prizes - October 10, 2000 The announcement follows the award of the nobel Prize for Physiology or arvid carlsson,Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel's research on how brain cells transmit http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/10/10/sweden.nobel/

world europe Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: IT and plastics pioneers win Nobel prizes STOCKHOLM, Sweden Three Russian and U.S. scientists and inventors have won the 2000 Nobel Prize in physics for their work in laying the foundations of information technology.

57. Gi arvid carlsson, 77 tu?i, nguyên giáo su Du?c lý Ð?i h?c Gothenburg,là ngu?i Th?y Ði?n d?u tiên du?c nh?n gi?i nobel k? http://www.cimsi.org.vn/tapchi/sottyd/nam2000/bai5-11-2000.htm

giải Nobel Y học cuối c¹ng của thiªn niªn ká»· H´m 9/10/2000 vừa qua, một nh  khoa học Thụy Điển v  hai nh  khoa học Mỹ đ£ được nhận giải Nobel Y học cho những c´ng tr¬nh nghiªn cứu về cÆ¡ chế truyền th´ng tin trong hệ thần kinh, những c´ng tr¬nh n y đem lại khả nǎng triển khai c¡c thuốc điều trị bệnh Parkinson v  t¢m thần ph¢n liệt. Arvid Carlsson Dopamin - một chất dẫn truyền quan trọng Arvid Carlsson, 77 tuổi, nguyªn gi¡o sÆ° Dược l½ Đại học Gothenburg, l  người Thụy Điển đầu tiªn được nhận giải Nobel kể từ nǎm 1982. ”ng đ£ thá»±c hiện một loạt những c´ng tr¬nh nghiªn cứu tiªn phong trong cuối những nǎm 1950 cho thấy dopamin l  một chất dẫn truyền quan trọng trong n£o. Trước đ¢y người ta cho rằng dopamin chỉ l  tiền chất của noradrenalin, một chất dẫn truyền kh¡c. Arvid Carlsson đ£ triển khai một x©t nghiệm đo mức dopamin ở m´ với độ nhạy cao. ”ng nhận thấy dopamin tập trung ở nhiều v¹ng kh¡c nhau của n£o hÆ¡n noradrenalin, dẫn tới kết luận rằng bản th¢n dopamin cÅ©ng l  một chất dẫn truyền. Dopamin c³ nồng độ đặc biệt cao ở v¹ng n£o c³ tªn hạch nền, c³ vai tr² quan trọng trong việc kiểm so¡t vận động. Trong một loạt thá»­ nghiệm, Arvid Carlsson đ£ sá»­ dụng một chất tá»± nhiªn l  reserpin l m cạn kiệt lượng dá»± trữ một số chất dẫn truyền synap cho động vật th­ nghiệm, l m chºng mất khả nǎng cá»­ động chủ động. Sau đ³ ´ng điều trị cho con vật bằng L-dopa, một tiền chất của dopamin sẽ chuyển th nh dopamin trong n£o. C¡c triệu chứng biến mất v  con vật lại hồi phục được khả nǎng tập t­nh b¬nh thường. Ngược lại, những động vật được tiªm tiền chất của một chất dẫn truyền kh¡c l  serotonin kh´ng cải thiện được tập t­nh vận động. Arvid Carlsson cÅ©ng chứng minh được rằng điều trị bằng L-dopa b¬nh thường h³a mức dopamin trong n£o.

58. Zientzia Eta Teknologiaren Ataria arvid carlsson. 2000ko Medikuntza nobel saridunaren biografia. 1923ko urtarrilaren25ean jaio zen Uppsalan, Suedian, eta Lund Unibertsitatean http://www.zientzia.net/artikulua.asp?Artik_kod=33

59. Bibliographycv Initiated experiments in the lab of arvid carlsson (nobel Prize, ’00)that were part of the discovery of serotoninselective antidepressants. http://www2.exlnt.com:8080/cv/

James L. Meek 16 Foxview Circle, Hockessin, DE 19707 jlmeek@telocity.com OBJECTIVE Creative position in a small group in a research or healthcare environment utilizing research, web programming and bioinformatic experience. PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS A bright, inquisitive and innovative team player able to identify customer needs, create solutions and learn skills needed to implement them. BACKGROUND SUMMARY Extensive research experience in government and industrial labs leading small groups in the areas of: WWW-database interfaces Chemical Database Clustering CNS Pharmacology Enzyme assays High throughput drug screening Chemical synthesis Anti-depressant drug discovery (Contributed to work that led to Nobel Prize in ’00 to Arvid Carlsson) PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE AND SELECTED ACCOMPLISHMENTS Dupont Merck /DuPont Pharmaceutical Co. Principal Research Scientist Improved company communication by enabling sharing of numeric, text and 3D structural data via intranet Created databases and fast ways for researchers and supervisors to retrieve and analyze data. Initiated and implemented two working group web sites using Unix servers and NT desktops in response to observed needs.

60. Dr Arvid Carlsson – Nobel Laureate In 2000 Dr arvid carlsson – nobel Laureate in 2000. Dr arvid carlsson, aSwedish professor of pharmacology, received the nobel Prize in http://www.isa.se/advantage/innovative/pages/lifeandbio/Carlsson.htm

Dr Arvid Carlsson – Nobel Laureate in 2000 Dr Arvid Carlsson, a Swedish professor of pharmacology, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2000. Like many other Nobel Laureates, it took him a long time to achieve a Nobel honor – his breakthrough discoveries were made in the 1950s. Known as "the Father of pharmacological psychiatry", Arvid Carlsson has made important discoveries into the chemistry of the brain. A couple of decades ago, the science of transmission between the nerve cells in the brain was believed to involve physical laws concerning electricity. Arvid Carlsson was opposed to the prevailing dogmas about how the brain works, and realized that there existed chemical pathways as well. Discovering a vital mother substance He discovered a chemical compound that played a great role, which he named L-dopa. L-dopa is a mother substance for the important signal transmitter substances noradrenaline and dopamine, vital for the mood level, the anxiety control and the motoric and mental activities. Together with his colleague Nils Åke Hillarp and their teams, they discovered that there is a connection between Parkinson’s disease and the lack of dopamin in the central ganglions of the brain. Mapping brain chemistry Arvid Carlsson has worked intensely with mapping the brain chemistry behind psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and depression. His work with Parkinson’s disease is of particularly great value to modern biomedical science. In collaboration with different pharmaceutical companies he and his team have produced drugs that have helped millions of people to a better, more tolerable everyday life.

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