1. Steven Chu, Former Bell Labs Researcher, Wins Nobel In Physics Using lasers to trap and cool molecules for study. nobel Prize for chu, Phillips, and CohenTannoudji. http://www.bell-labs.com/user/feature/archives/chu/

Former Bell Labs Scientist Steven Chu Wins Nobel Prize The idea of using lasers to trap and cool molecules for study began over a lunchtable conversation at Bell Labs in Holmdel, N.J. more than 10 years ago. Today, because of his idea, former Bell Labs researcher Steven Chu is one Nobel Prize in Physics richer. Holmdel, N.J (October, 1997) An idea that sprang up over lunch at a Bell Labs cafeteria a little more than a decade ago has led Steven Chu to the most coveted honor in science. On Oct. 15, the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Chu, now at Stanford University, and two others, William Phillips and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, for their development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. Steven Chu The research that drew the attention of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences began at Bell Labs in Holmdel. A dozen years ago, Arthur Ashkin and Chu used to discuss physics regularly at the Holmdel cafeteria. They were interested in manipulating atoms at low temperatures. An idea that arose during one of those lunches led to a series of experiments by Chu, Ashkin, John Bjorkholm, Alex Cable, and Leo Holberg. Chu left Bell Labs in 1987 to take up a professorship at Stanford, where he continued his work in low-temperature physics. Ashkin Pioneered "Optical Trapping"

2. Physics 1997 This includes the press release of the nobel Committee for the prize given to steven chu, Claude CohenTa Category Science Technology Cryotechnology Absolute Zero...... Illustrated Presentation steven chu Autobiography nobel Lecture nobel Diplomanobel Symposia Prize Award Photo Other Resources. Claude Cohen http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1997/

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 "for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light" Steven Chu Claude Cohen-Tannoudji William D. Phillips 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize USA France USA Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA Collège de France; École Normale Supérieure Paris, France National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD, USA b. 1948 b. 1933 (in Constantine, Algeria) b. 1948 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 Press Release Presentation Speech Illustrated Presentation ... Other Resources The 1997 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Economic Sciences Find a Laureate: Last modified June 16, 2000 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

3. Steven Chu - Autobiography for granted that the next generation of chu's were to steven Weinberg would call myadvisor every few months, hoping atoms and the subject of my nobel Lecture. http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1997/chu-autobio.html

My father, Ju Chin Chu, came to the United States in 1943 to continue his education at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in chemical engineering, and two years later, my mother, Ching Chen Li, joined him to study economics. A generation earlier, my mother's grandfather earned his advanced degrees in civil engineering at Cornell while his brother studied physics under Perrin at the Sorbonne before they returned to China. However, when my parents married in 1945, China was in turmoil and the possibility of returning grew increasingly remote, and they decided to begin their family in the United States. My brothers and I were born as part of a typical nomadic academic career: my older brother was born in 1946 while my father was finishing at MIT, I was born in St. Louis in 1948 while my father taught at Washington University , and my younger brother completed the family in Queens shortly after my father took a position as a professor at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. In this family of accomplished scholars, I was to become the academic black sheep. I performed adequately at school, but in comparison to my older brother, who set the record for the highest cumulative average for our high school, my performance was decidedly mediocre. I studied, but not in a particularly efficient manner. Occasionally, I would focus on a particular school project and become obsessed with, what seemed to my mother, to be trivial details instead of apportioning the time I spent on school work in a more efficient way.

4. Physics 1997 This includes the press release of the nobel Committee for the prize given to steven chu, Claude CohenTannoudji, and William D. Phillips, for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. For those wanting more scientific details, be sure to click the link for Additional background material under Further Reading. http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1997/index.html

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 "for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light" Steven Chu Claude Cohen-Tannoudji William D. Phillips 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize USA France USA Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA Collège de France; École Normale Supérieure Paris, France National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD, USA b. 1948 b. 1933 (in Constantine, Algeria) b. 1948 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 Press Release Presentation Speech Illustrated Presentation ... Other Resources The 1997 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Economic Sciences Find a Laureate: Last modified June 16, 2000 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

5. Steven Chu Winner Of The 1997 Nobel Prize In Physics steven chu, a nobel Prize Laureate in Physics, at the nobel PrizeInternet Archive. steven chu. 1997 nobel Laureate in Physics for http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/1997a.html

S TEVEN C HU 1997 Nobel Laureate in Physics for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. Background Born: 1948 Place of birth: St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Education: Ph.D.'76 from the University of California, Berkeley Residence: California, U.S.A. Affiliation: Physics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A. Email: schu@leland.stanford.edu Phone: (415)-723-3571 Fax: (415)-723-9173 Book Store Photons and Atoms: Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics by Claude Cohen-Tannoudji et. al. Lasers - a thorough treatment of lasers and related fields Other books on lasers are available here for browsing Featured Internet Links Prize co-recipient: Claude Cohen-Tannoudji Prize co-recipient: William D. Phillips Official award announcement and brief background Additional background on the discovery ... Professor Chu's Home Page at Stanford University (submitted by Marcos Montes Stanford University Press Release An article in Stanford Online Report Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors CNN coverage of the 1997 Physics Nobel Prize MSNBC's coverage of the Prize Atom cooling and trapping Atom Optics, Cooling, and Trapping

6. Index Of Nobel Laureates In Physics ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF nobel PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSICS. Name, Year Awarded.Alferov, Zhores I. 2000. Cherenkov, Pavel Alekseyevich, 1958. chu, steven, 1997. http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/alpha.html

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSICS Name Year Awarded Alferov, Zhores I. Alfven, Hannes Alvarez, Luis W. Anderson, Carl David ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

7. Bell Labs: Steven Chu, Former Bell Labs Researcher, Wins Nobel In Physics steven chu, former Bell Labs researcher, wins nobel in physics SANTACLARA, Calif. (Oct. 15, 1997) steven chu of Stanford University http://www.bell-labs.com/news/1997/october/15/1.html

Bell Labs Home About Bell Labs History Awards ... FAQs Steven Chu, former Bell Labs researcher, wins Nobel in physics SANTA CLARA, Calif. (Oct. 15, 1997) Steven Chu of Stanford University, a former researcher at Bell Labs, was named a winner of this year's Nobel Prize in physics. Chu, 49, and two other scientists were cited for developing ways to cool atoms to extremely low temperatures with laser light, techniques used in other fields of science as well as physics. It was at Bell Labs that in 1983 he began the work that led to the Nobel. Chu shares the prize with William D. Phillips of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji of France. This year is the second in a row that the physics prize has gone for work done at temperatures of near-absolute zero, the point at which all movement theoretically stops. Last year's prize went to Americans David M. Lee, Robert C. Richardson and Douglas C. Osheroff for discovering that a helium isotope behaves in unusual ways at extremely low temperatures. Osheroff also once did research at Bell Labs. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, in awarding Chu the Nobel, said the new laureates' work "may lead to the design of more-precise atomic clocks for use in space navigation and accurate determination of position."

8. Steven Chu Wins Nobel Prize For Research On Interplay Of Light And Atoms (10/97) mail david.salisbury@stanford.edu. steven chu wins nobel Prize forresearch on interplay of light and atoms. At first blush the idea http://www.stanford.edu/dept/news/relaged/971015chu.html

Steven Chu wins Nobel Prize for research on interplay of light and atoms At first blush the idea of cooling groups of atoms, dramatically slowing their normally frantic motion by illuminating them with laser light, seems impossible. Normally, shining light on something heats it up. By slowing atoms down from typical speeds of 4,000 kilometers per hour to speeds of less than a tenth of a kilometer per hour, optical molasses had made these atoms much easier to study. Instead of rapidly disappearing, atoms caught in optical molasses form what to the naked eye looks like a glowing cloud the size of a pea. Previously, scientists could control the speed of electrically charged atoms by using electrical and magnetic fields. Optical molasses extended this capability to electrically neutral atoms for the first time. As the Nobel prize committee mentioned, this technique has proven to be a powerful tool for increasing scientific knowledge about the interplay of light and matter. In particular, it has provided scientists with a greater understanding of the quantum-dynamical nature of gases at extremely low temperatures. Building on this work, for example, other scientists have been able to create a bizarre new state of matter, whose existence was originally postulated by Albert Einstein 70 years ago. In this state of matter, called a Bose-Einstein condensate, a group of atoms is chilled to such a low temperature that the atoms' motion nearly stops and they begin acting like a single entity, a kind of super atom.

9. Nobel Laureate Steven Chu secret life of molecules (Stanford Report, 7/16/97); Physics nobel Prizeawarded to Stanford's steven chu (Stanford Report, 10/15/97). http://www.stanford.edu/dept/news/report/news/october3/chu-103.html

Contact Stanford Report News Service Press Releases Stanford Report, October 3, 2001 Steven Chu Steven Chu, the Theodore and Frances Geballe Professor of Physics and Applied Physics; at Stanford 1987-present. Awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize in physics with Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William D. Phillips "for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light." Since receiving the prize, Chu has continued his studies of laser cooling and trapping of atoms and their applications. He also has expanding his research scope to include polymer physics and biophysics at the single-molecule level. As virtually all knowledge of chemical and biochemical processes has been deduced from experiments on bulk samples of molecules, looking at individual molecules - such as those involved in DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein folding - may elucidate their complex behavior. Chu served as chair of the Physics Department from 1990 to 1993 and from 1999 to September 2001 and is a member of the executive committee for Bio-X, an interdisciplinary research initiative at Stanford. The Nobel prize: 100 years of honoring achievement Chu's faculty profile Chu's research group Chu receives 1996 Guggenheim Award (Physics department newsletter, 1996)

10. Chu, Steven chu, steven. (b. Feb. 28, 1948, St. Louis, Mo., US), American physicist who, withClaude CohenTannoudji and William D. Phillips, was awarded the 1997 nobel http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/736_8.html

Chu, Steven (b. Feb. 28, 1948, St. Louis, Mo., U.S.), American physicist who, with Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William D. Phillips , was awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize for Physics for their independent, pioneering research in cooling and trapping atoms using laser light. In 1985 Chu and his coworkers used an array of intersecting laser beams to create an effect they called "optical molasses," in which the speed of target atoms was reduced from about 4,000 kilometres per hour to about one kilometre per hour, as if the atoms were moving through thick molasses. The temperature of the slowed atoms approached absolute zero (-273.15 C, or -459.67 F). Chu and his colleagues also developed an atomic trap using lasers and magnetic coils that enabled them to capture and study the chilled atoms. Phillips and Cohen-Tannoudji expanded on Chu's work, devising ways to use lasers to trap atoms at temperatures even closer to absolute zero. These techniques make it possible for scientists to improve the accuracy of atomic clocks used in space navigation, to construct atomic interferometers that can precisely measure gravitational forces, and to design atomic lasers that can be used to manipulate electronic circuits at an extremely fine scale.

11. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Chu, Steven (1997) (A-L) Winners Physics AL chu, steven (1997). World Book Online Articleon chu, steven; Autobiography (nobel site); chu, steven (1997). http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/Bio

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 Chu, Steven (1997) document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); World Book Online Article on CHU, STEVEN Autobiography (Nobel site) Chu, Steven (1997) Privacy Policy ... Contact Us

12. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: A-L (Physicists) Biography; Work Accomplishments chu, steven; World Book Online Article on chu,steven; Autobiography (nobel site); chu, steven (1997) FEYNMAN, RICHARD P. World http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/Sci

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 A-L document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); ALVAREZ, LUIS W. World Book Online Article on ALVAREZ, LUIS WALTER Alvarez, Luis Walter Biography (Nobel Site) ... Contact Us

13. Online NewsHour: Nobel Prize: Physics -- October 2, 1997 winners, steven chu of Stanford University. Prof. chu, first of all,congratulations. steven chu, nobel Laureate, Physics Thank you. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/science/july-dec97/nobel_10-15.html

NOBEL PRIZE: PHYSICS October 15, 1997 NEWSHOUR TRANSCRIPT Phil Ponce talks with Steven Chu, one of the three Nobel Prize winners in Physics, about his collaborative effort in developing a way to cool and trap atoms with laser light. Professor Chu shares the prize with fellow American William Phillips and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, a French colleague. PHIL PONCE: The last of the Nobel prizes were announced this morning, and today’s winners were in the sciences. In Physics two Americans, Steven Chu and William Phillips, and a French colleague, Claude Cohen-Tanoudji, won the prize. The scientists developed ways to cool and trap atoms with laser light. To explain that and its implications we’re joined by one of the winners, Steven Chu of Stanford University. Prof. Chu, first of all, congratulations. STEVEN CHU, Nobel Laureate, Physics: Thank you. PHIL PONCE: Did you have any inkling that this prize might be in the works, or did it come as a complete surprise? STEVEN CHU: Perhaps not a complete surprise but because every time about this time friends who mean well might say, well, here’s hoping, and so there’s a bit of agitation that I try very much to ignore these things and just proceed with my life. PHIL PONCE: Professor, what is it exactly, the work that you did, that precipitated the prize?

14. Online NewsHour: Nobel Prize Winner-- October 9, 1998 October 15,1997 nobel Prize winner in Physics steven chu. October 10,1997A discussion with nobel Peace Prize Winner Jody Williams. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/entertainment/july-dec98/nobel_10-9.html

NOBEL PRIZE WINNER October 9, 1998 March 9,1998: A conversation with Nobel Prize Winner in Literature Toni Morrison October 15,1997 Nobel Prize winner in Physics Steven Chu. October 10,1997 A discussion with Nobel Peace Prize Winner Jody Williams. A discussion on the1996 Nobel Prize for Literature Winner Wislawa Szymborska. Browse the Online NewsHour's coverage of STURE ALLEN: Who with parables sustained by imagination, compassion and irony continually enables us once again to apprehend an elusory reality. ELIZABETH FARNSWORTH: Saramago was born in Portugal in 1922 in a small town north of Lisbon. His family couldn't afford to buy books, and Saramago had little formal education. He published his first novel in 1947 when he was 25 years old, but international recognition didn't come until at age 60 he wrote Baltasar and Blimunda , a love story set in the Inquisition. Among his novels are:

15. Nobel Laureate Steven Chu To Speak At New Mexico State Nov. 2 nobel laureate steven chu to speak at New Mexico State Nov. 2. nobelPrize winning physicist steven chu will present the Gardiner http://www.nmsu.edu/~ucomm/Releases/2001/October2001/Gardiner_01_rel.html

Nobel laureate Steven Chu to speak at New Mexico State Nov. 2 Nobel Prize winning physicist Steven Chu will present the Gardiner Memorial Lecture at New Mexico State University on Friday, Nov. 2. Chu, who received the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics for the development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light, will talk about the applications of this new technology, including ultraprecise atomic clocks and new instruments of extraordinary accuracy. His lecture, titled “Laser Cooling and Trapping: From Atomic Clocks to Watching Enzymes Work, One Molecule at a Time,” will begin at 6 p.m. in the Corbett Center Auditorium. The presentation is free and open to the public. Chu’s appearance coincides with the annual meeting of the Four Corners Section of the American Physical Society, which is being held at New Mexico State Nov. 2 and 3. Physicists from New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado and Utah will attend the conference. Chu is chairman of the physics department at Stanford University in California. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with two other scientists in 1997 for developing methods for cooling and trapping atoms. Chu’s talk will review how atoms can be cooled with lasers to temperatures very close to absolute zero. At these temperatures, the motion of the atoms slows to a fraction of normal and the atoms can be easily held and otherwise manipulated with light or magnetic fields.

16. Nobel Laureate Steven Chu Lectures At HKUST Press Release, 6 August 2001. nobel Laureate steven chu Lectures at HKUST.nobel Home nobel Laureate steven chu Lectures at HKUST Please http://www.ust.hk/~webopa/news/2001_News/news0806.html

Press Release 6 August 2001 Nobel Laureate Steven Chu Lectures at HKUST Nobel Prize-winning physicist Steven Chu gave a lecture today (6 August 2001) on "Biology at the Single Molecule Level" at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST). Prof Chu is the Theodore and Frances Geballe Professor of Physics and Applied Physics at Stanford University. He flew in to Hong Kong to deliver HKUST's Distinguished Lecture in Science 2001, one of the major academic events celebrating the 10 th anniversary of the University. His talk focused on the major recent developments in the study of single biological molecules. Prof Chu was awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Prof Claude Cohen-Tannoudji of France and Prof William D Phillips of the US for the development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. He is famed for his invention of "optical molasses", a method which uses strong laser beams to slow individual atoms down from a typical speed of 4,000 kilometers per hour to speeds of less than a tenth of a kilometer per hour, cooling the atoms down to very low temperatures just above absolute zero (-273 o C). This powerful technique has enabled scientists to obtain precise measurements of the properties of atoms, and has increased scientific understanding about the interplay of light and matter. The research earned him a share of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics.

17. 06/08/2001 Nobel Laureate Steven Chu Lectures At HKUST Nobel 06/08/2001. nobel Laureate steven chu Lectures at HKUST nobel Prizewinningphysicist steven chu gave a lecture today (6 August 2001 http://www.ust.hk/en/pa/e_pa010806-57.html

Nobel Laureate Steven Chu Lectures at HKUST Nobel Prize-winning physicist Steven Chu gave a lecture today (6 August 2001) on "Biology at the Single Molecule Level" at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST). Prof Chu is the Theodore and Frances Geballe Professor of Physics and Applied Physics at Stanford University. He flew in to Hong Kong to deliver HKUST's Distinguished Lecture in Science 2001, one of the major academic events celebrating the 10th anniversary of the University. His talk focused on the major recent developments in the study of single biological molecules. Prof Chu was awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Prof Claude Cohen-Tannoudji of France and Prof William D Phillips of the US for the development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. He is famed for his invention of "optical molasses", a method which uses strong laser beams to slow individual atoms down from a typical speed of 4,000 kilometers per hour to speeds of less than a tenth of a kilometer per hour, cooling the atoms down to very low temperatures just above absolute zero (-273oC). This powerful technique has enabled scientists to obtain precise measurements of the properties of atoms, and has increased scientific understanding about the interplay of light and matter. The research earned him a share of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics. Building on this work, Prof Chu used laser beams to trap microscopic particles in water. This breakthrough allows him to study and manipulate single strands of polymers, DNA and other biological molecules one at a time.

18. Nobel Prize Winner Steven Chu To Lecture Feb. 23 nobel Prize winner steven chu to lecture Feb. 23. By Jayne Spencer. chu. nobelPrize laureate steven chu of Stanford University will lecture. http://www.iuinfo.indiana.edu/homepages/2-18-2000/text/nobel.htm

Nobel Prize winner Steven Chu to lecture Feb. 23 By Jayne Spencer Chu The tenth public Joseph and Sophia Konopinski Memorial Lecture in Physics is scheduled next Wednesday (Feb. 23) at 7:30 p.m. in Rothrock Auditorium, Rawles Hall 100, at IU Bloomington. Nobel Prize laureate Steven Chu of Stanford University will lecture. His title will be "Watching Enzymes Function, One Molecule at a Time." Chu was the co-recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics, along with William Phillips and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. Return to Table of Contents Comments: homepgs@indiana.edu

19. The Root Of Steven Chu The Root of steven chu, nobel Laureate for Physics is in Taicang Mr.steven chu, the nobel Prize winner. steven chu, a Chinese American http://www.chinanah.com/liuhe/stevenchu.htm

The Root of Steven Chu, Nobel Laureate for Physics is in Taicang Mr. Steven Chu, the Nobel Prize winner. Steven Chu, a Chinese American Scientist, Professor of Physics Department of Stanford University was awarded Nobel Physics Prize '97 by the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences on October 15,1998 for his pioneering research achievements in laser cooling and trapping atoms at ultra-low temperature. The hometown of Professor Chu s ancestors is Chenxiang Town of Taicang City. The people in Taicang are proud for that he has won the highest honour in the palace of science. According to the survey, Steven Chu was born in St. Louis City, Missouri, USA in 1948. He received his Ph.D. degree in physics from California University in 1976, and was awarded International Science Prize of King Faisal for his contributions to the techniques of laser cooling and trapping atoms in 1993. According to the information provided by related people in the town, Steven Chu s father- Chu Rujin, his mother-Li Jingzhen, his aunts-Chu Ruhua, Chu Rurong, are all famous scientists in the United States.

20. AsianWeek Stanford Professor steven chu graduates to the rank of nobel laureate.BY BERT ELJERA. When Professor steven chu got the early morning http://www.asianweek.com/102397/cover_story.html

Front Page In This Week's Issue Subscribe Special ... About AsianWeek October 23 - 29, 1997 The Ultimate Physics Club Photo courtesy Stanford News Service Shop Talk: Professor Steven Chu with graduate student Jamie Kerman (left) and post-doctoral student Vladan Vuletic (right) in a lab at Stanford's Varian Physics Building. Stanford Professor Steven Chu graduates to the rank of Nobel laureate BY BERT ELJERA When Professor Steven Chu got the early morning phone call last week informing him that he had won a share of the Nobel Prize in physics, his first reaction was one of overwhelming relief. After his breakthrough work in 1985 on cooling down atoms with laser lights, Chu became what is known as "PNL," or pre-Nobel laureate. He was, in effect, a Nobel Prize-winner-in-waiting. But that wait can seem like forever. Chu has friends who have waited 20 years to get the prize, and some have not received it at all. "You expect to graduate from college, but no one really has the right to expect the Nobel Prize," he said from his home in Palo Alto, Calif. "If you get it, keep calm." Now, he can move on, he said.

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