61. Partnerships And Research At UWC the hard work which enabled Crick and Watson to see the structure of DNA; find theBarbara mc clintock who insisted They gave her the nobel Prize in the 1980s. http://www.uwc.ac.za/research/talks/lessonsdecade.htm

"LESSONS FROM A DECADE OF RESEARCH AT UWC" Renfrew Christie Speech to the Senate of the Cape Town Technikon 19 August 2000 Thank you for the privilege of addressing the Senate of the Cape Technikon, and my congratulations to you all on the remarkable achievements of this institution in recent years. At a time when campuses are creaking and tottering, it is a pleasure to come to one that works. One way to measure a campus is by its library, and in the couple of times I have had the pleasure of using yours, the library has come up trumps. It had the material I wanted, in the right place on the shelves, and the librarians were models of professionalism. If we do eventually become one Federal University of the Cape of Good Hope, having you, and your library, as our sisters, will be excellent. All progress, George Bernard Shaw argued, depends on the unreasonable person. To do research successfully one must question the accepted truth. It was reasonable to believe that the earth was flat; and that the sun moved around the earth. These things could be observed by the naked eye, and all reasonable people agreed about them. There was "sufficient consensus" that they were true. They were taught in the Schools, after all. It takes a widdershins, ornery, obstinate person, to disagree with the truth. Society knows the Truth. Shut up, teach the Truth, learn it off by heart, write the Truth in your exams, and all will be well. Daddy knows best, the earth is flat. We have to be disagreeable if we are to progress. We have to be unreasonable, to do research. We have to question the Received Truth vigorously. And academic leaders have to understand that rebellion is the defining characteristic of the researcher. Academic leaders have to understand that it is their job to reward unreasonable, disagreeable intellectuals. Of course, for every disagreeable intellectual that says the earth is round, there will be five that say it is triangular, octagonal, or some other sort of polygon. There will be some that say the earth is a geoid, or earth-shaped! I had to learn that fact, to pass matric, in order to be here today, but I have never thought it to be a useful piece of information. Mandela is Mandela-shaped, Table Mountain is Table Mountain-shaped, Renfrew is Renfrew-shaped; the earth is a geoid; on these gems we pass matric. Far better to say the earth is more or less a ball, or Renfrew is round.

62. Nobel Laureates - [Medicine] People who change the World. nobel Laureates, Physiology Medicine. 1983BARBARA mc clintock for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. http://www.nobel.1001designs.com/medicine.html

The prize was awarded to: The prize was awarded jointly to: ROBERT F. FURCHGOTT, LOUIS J. IGNARRO and FERID MURAD for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system. STANLEY B. PRUSINER for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection. The prize was awarded jointly to: PETER C. DOHERTY and ROLF M. ZINKERNAGEL for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence. The prize was awarded jointly to: EDWARD B. LEWIS, CHRISTIANE NÜSSLEIN-VOLHARD and ERIC F. WIESCHAUS for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development. The prize was awarded jointly to: ALFRED G. GILMAN and MARTIN RODBELL for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells. The prize was awarded jointly to: RICHARD J. ROBERTS and PHILLIP A. SHARP for their independent discoveries of split genes. The prize was awarded jointly to: EDMOND H. FISCHER and EDWIN G. KREBS for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism. The prize was awarded jointly to: ERWIN NEHER and BERT SAKMANN for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells.

63. Egunero Emakume horiek gabe ezin uler liteke geroago nobel Saria irabazi zutenen ibilbideaBarbara mc clintock eta Rita LeviMontalcini lirateke saritu horien bi http://www.egunero.info/030308/orriak/orri8.html

Egunkaria aurrera Iritzia Euskal Herria Mundua Kirola Kultura Agenda Harpidetza Mezuak Agiriak Elkarrizketak "Denak nigan daude" Txaro Arteaga Ansa (Emakundeko zuzendaria) Historian zehar injustizien aurka joan diren emakumeak omendu nahi ditugu, mundua aldatzearren borroka egin dutenak edo, besterik gabe, gizarteak esleituta zien betebehar subsidiarioa beterik buruari makur eusteko prest egon ez direnak. Beste emakume batzuek beren ametsak garatu ahal izanaren erantzule diren emakumeak, aurrekoek baino askatasun handiagoz bizitzan zer izan nahi zuten aukeratzeko edo, igarotako garaietako emakumeek edo hain garaturik ez dauden gizarteetakoek ez bezala, politika, gizarte edo kulturaren alorreko jardueretan parte hartzeko parada izan duten emakumeei bidea urratu dietenak. Gure aurretik joan izan diren emakume askok eta askok, hainbatek lan anonimoa eginda, aurrera egiten jarraitzeko beharrezkoa zitzaigun jakinduria guganaino helarazten jakin izan dute, historian atzerapausorik egundo ere eman behar ez delako kontzientziaz. XVIII. mendean, Mary Wollstonecraft edo Olimpe de Gouges bezalako emakumeak azaldu ziren politikagintzan. Lehendabizikoak

64. YKHOANET - SKDS - LK - VI SAO CON NGUOI KHONG BAT TU - BS. VU HUONG VAN Nhà khoa h?c n? barbara mc clintock ngu?i du?c gi?i thu?ng Nobelv? y h?c, khi nghiên c?u v? ngô dã th?y r?ng nhi?m s?c http://www.ykhoa.net/SKDS/LAOKHOA/x-35.html

VŒ SAO CON NGƯỜI KH”NG BẤT TỬ? BS. VŨ HƯỚNG VẮN Để trả lời c¢u hỏi n y nhiều nh  khoa học đ£ ra sức nghiªn cứu. C³ nhiều người cho rằng đời người l  một khối lượng vật chất v  cuộc đời tồn tại nhÆ° một ngọn nến được đốt lªn khi ch o đời v  sẽ tắt khi nến ch¡y hết. Hoặc nhÆ° chiếc đồng hồ chạy pin, khi pin hết đồng hồ ngừng lại. Những năm gần đ¢y, nhiều nghiªn cứu th­ nghiệm cho ph©p đưa ra c¡c l½ thuyết gen về sá»± l£o h³a. Theo đ³ cuộc sống v  c¡i chết đ£ được lập chÆ°Æ¡ng tr¬nh sa¼n bởi gen di truyền, tá»±a nhÆ° trong mỗi chºng ta đ£ c³ sa¼n "đồng hồ gen" ấn định tuổi thọ. Con số 50 nghiệt ng£ Chuỗi xoắn k©p so le Để hiểu vấn đề n y, h£y n³i v i lời về ADN. Ph¢n tá»­ ADN được cấu th nh từ 2 chuỗi xoắn polynucleotit, chuỗi nọ xoắn quanh chuỗi kia tạo nªn chuỗi xoắn k©p, do 2 nh  khoa học trẻ Watson v  Crick t¬m ra v  đ£ được giải thưởng Nobel. Thước đo cuộc đời Hiện tượng "co m©p lề" ADN đ£ c³ nhiều cố gắng chứng minh, tuy nhiªn c³ diá» n ra nhÆ° thế n o th¬ cho đến nay c¡c phÆ°Æ¡ng tiện thá»±c nghiệm chÆ°a cho ph©p khẳng định ch­nh x¡c. Điều n y đ£ khiến nhiều nh  khoa học rất quan t¢m. Nh  khoa học nữ Barbara Mc Clintock người được giải thưởng Nobel về y học, khi nghiªn cứu về ng´ đ£ thấy rằng nhiá» m sắc thể (c³ trong nh¢n tế b o, chºng được tạo th nh từ ADN, ARN, v  protein) trở nªn kh´ng ổn định một c¡ch lạ l¹ng khi chºng bị ph¢n chia ra.

65. French National League For Liberty In Vaccination / Ligue Nationale Pour La Libe Translate this page barbara MAC clintock a attendu l'âge de 82 ans pour être honorée de son vivant. VANDEN HOVEN, Jonas SALK, Robert mc NAMARA et Leopold SEDAR SENGHOR. http://www.ctanet.fr/vaccination-information/bull022e.htm

LIGUE NATIONALE POUR LA LIBERTE DES VACCINATIONS FRENCH NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR LIBERTY IN VACCINATION Realities and Vaccinations Hepatitis - where we are now Dans notre bulletin de mars 2000, nous avions publié un article intitulé "Le retour des grandes épidémies est-il pour demain ?" Cet article avait attiré l'attention du Dr A.S qui nous avait adressé un texte contestant en particulier l'affirmation "qu'il n'y a pas de traitement à l'hépatite C". Un célèbre journaliste, dont la verve éprise de vérité ne manque jamais de piquant, ne disait-il pas récemment : "Tous menteurs, truqueurs, tricheurs, magouilleurs, manipulateurs, profiteurs" ? Heureusement, le dogmatisme de l'école officielle est contredit par les faits. Lorsque l'hépatite est déclarée, il existe non pas une, mais deux possibilités de traitement que l'on tait, bien entendu, car ça n'intéresse pas le "big business" : l'HOMEOPATHIE et BELJANSKI. En ce qui concerne l'homéopathie (traitement curatif et sans danger aucun), un tube de 80 granulés (12 Francs) est largement suffisant pour obtenir l'efficacité. Cependant, avant de franchir éventuellement le pas de cette épreuve vaccinale, il convient de bien réfléchir aux conséquences possibles dont parle "Votre Santé" de novembre 2000.

66. St. Louis Public Library: St. Louis Obituary Index 1890 J - R 3/5 p9 Lauterbacher, Josephine *3/3 p9 Laux, barbara *4/22 5/31 p5 mc Cleany, Richard*6/9 p5 mc clintock, George A p6 mc Vean, (Mrs. FC) 1/28 p5 mc Voy, Joseph http://www.slpl.lib.mo.us/libsrc/ob1890b.htm

St. Louis Obituary Index 1890 J - R This index of names was obtained from the Death Notice and the Burial Permits listing in the St. Louis Post Dispatch. Death Notices generally include the date of death; names of spouses, children, and parents; place of the funeral; and place of internment. Some names may appear out of alphabetical order in the St. Louis Post Dispatch listing. Burial Notices generally include address, age, and cause of death only. The Burial Permits are identified in the index with (*)..The Burial Permits include many spelling errors. Spellings will often differ from the entry in the Death Notice. As a result, when checking a name use all variant spellings. All dates listed are for the first date that the notice appeared in the St. Louis Post Dispatch, not the date of death. Death Notice entries are made only once, subsequent listings for the same person are not included. Every effort is made to be as complete as possible. However, due to poor quality in the microfilm and missing pages a small percent of the names listed are not available. This is believed to be less than 1% of the total entries. If DUE NOTICE appears after a name, no further notice ever appeared and this is all the information available.

67. OGMles Conséquences Sanitaires Translate this page Ces éléments ont été découverts il ya 50 ans par barbara mc Clintockchez le maïs! Cela lui valut le prix nobel 45 ans plus tard. http://ase.ouvaton.org/ogmconseqsani.htm

68. Dominican Health - La Salud Dominicana En Un Solo Lugar... Translate this page Premios nobel. 1990 JOSÉ E anticuerpos monoclonal. 1983 barbara mc CLINTOCKpor su descubrimiento de elementos genéticos móviles. 1982 http://www.dominicanhealth.com/premiosnobel_08.htm

Busca Medico Empresas de Salud Empresas de seguros Instituciones Públicas Productos de Salud Buscar en la web Noticias Guía 1ros Auxilios Websites Domininicanos ... Universidades Revistas Diccionarios Grandes Avances Premios Nobel Librería Médica La voz del estudiante Congresos Cursos Jornadas Reuniones Simposios Otras Actividades Consejos de Salud ... Vacaciones Salud Ambiental Pregunte a su médico Equipos/ Materiales Tecnología de Salud Websites Medicos Noticias Universidades Clínicas ... Estando en forma Década a Década Colegios Especializados Terapeutas Instituciones Rehabilitación Orientación Familiar Equipos Especializados Quienes Somos? Cuerpo Editorial Desea Anunciarse? Buscando Empleo? ... Contactos Premios Nobel JOSÉ E.

69. Barbara McClintock Winner Of The 1983 Nobel Prize In Medicine barbara MCCLINTOCK. 1983 nobel Laureate in Medicine for her discoveryof mobile genetic elements. Background 19021992 Residence USA http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1983a.html

B ARBARA M C C LINTOCK 1983 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. Background Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY Book Store Books by Barbara McClintock Books about Barbara McClintock Featured Internet Links A profile A biography and description of her work A brief profile and a picture Women Nobel Prize Laureates Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Obituary Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Biography and achievements Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (submitted by Mike Marshak Genbrain Biosystem Network Barbara McClintock info (submitted by Alex Brief biography of Barbara McClintock from the National Academy of Sciences (submitted by Caroline L. Herzenberg McClintock,Barbara (submitted by susan Barbara McClintock Biography Barbara McClintock auto biography In Memoriam - Barbara McClintock (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar GenBrain BioSysNet (submitted by Ben Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

70. Bio 104 Virus Etc. Lecture Stark it. The 1983 nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine went to BARBARAMC clintock for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. Various http://starklab.slu.edu/Bio104/Virus.htm

I have heard it was the opinion of others that it [the plague] might be distinguished by the party's breathing upon a piece of glass, where, the breath condensing, there might living creatures be seen by a microscope, of strange, monstrous, and frightful shapes, such as dragons, snakes, serpents, and devils, horrible to behold. -Daniel Defoe A Journal of the Plague Year, 1721 Campbell and Reece, Chapter 18 Viruses (Continues some material from the last lecture) Second semester (Bio 106) starts with Diversity (the march through the kingdoms). The difficulty (previous lecture) in defining a virus as alive makes it virtually impossible for an introductory textbook to have a good place to cover viruses, so here they are. TRANSPARENCY (Fig. 18.1) Being small (Protein and DNA) they pass through fine filters, hence an old term, "filterable" Bacteriophage (phage-eat) protein and DNA TRANSPARENCY Fig. 18.4 lytic cycle - bacterial cells lyse. Viruses cause lots of disorders: measles, smallpox, chicken pox, mumps, rabies, flu = influenza, herpes, AIDS, mononucleosis, polio, colds, rubella (German measles), yellow fever, hepatitis Some very fundamental terminology: Antigen - non-self protein (virus coat) Antibody to antigen made by B lymphocytes (white blood cells) History: Vaccines - active immunity (like disease) memory cells of immune system Edward Jenner 1796 "encowment" cowpox, smallpox

71. Barbara McClintock - Autobiography barbara McClintock – Autobiography. It began with the appearance in the fallof 1927 of George W. Beadle (a nobel Laureate) at the Department of Plant http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1983/mcclintock-autobio.html

In the fall of 1921 I attended the only course in genetics open to undergraduate students at Cornell University . It was conducted by C. B. Hutchison, then a professor in the Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, who soon left Cornell to become Chancellor of the University of California at Davis , California. Relatively few students took this course and most of them were interested in pursuing agriculture as a profession. Genetics as a discipline had not yet received general acceptance. Only twenty-one years had passed since the rediscovery of Mendel 's principles of heredity. Genetic experiments, guided by these principles, expanded rapidly in the years between 1900 and 1921. The results of these studies provided a solid conceptual framework into which subsequent results could be fitted. Nevertheless, there was reluctance on the part of some professional biologists to accept the revolutionary concepts that were surfacing. This reluctance was soon dispelled as the logic underlying genetic investigations became increasingly evident. When the undergraduate genetics course was completed in January 1922, I received a telephone call from Dr. Hutchison. He must have sensed my intense interest in the content of his course because the purpose of his call was to invite me to participate in the only other genetics course given at Cornell. It was scheduled for graduate students. His invitation was accepted with pleasure and great anticipations. Obviously, this telephone call cast the die for my future. I remained with genetics thereafter.

72. La Nostra Ricerca Di Donne Scienziate Si Ferma Qui, Alla Fine Del XVIII Secolo Translate this page Per esempio di premi nobel per ricerche scientifiche più di 400 sono Anche BarbaraMc clintock ha rivoluzionato la genetica classica (ha avuto l'intuizione http://www.gol.grosseto.it/puam/provveditorato/lavori/itc_gr/donne/donne/finale.

CONCLUSIONI La nostra ricerca di donne scienziate si ferma qui, alla fine del XVIII secolo, anche se come - avrete notato - abbiamo inserito anche Lise Meitner (che è quasi contemporanea), perchè siamo state particolarmente colpite dalla sua storia. E' stato interessante scoprire l'esistenza di tanti personaggi femminili che hanno dato il loro contributo allo sviluppo delle scienze, nonostante le molte difficoltà incontrate nel loro percorso. Nel XVIII secolo gli illuministi avevano sostenuto che il lavoro creativo nelle scienze fosse oltre le normali capacità femminili. I biologi cercarono prove biologiche dell'inferiorità intellettuale della donna e, dopo alcune misurazioni, scoprirono che il cranio femminile era più piccolo di quello maschile (e quindi la donna era inferiore). Nel XIX secolo gli anatomisti, in seguito alle loro misurazioni, ammisero che in proporzione il cervello della donna era più grosso di quello dell'uomo, ma la conclusione non fu che le donne erano più intelligenti, ma che quella caratteristica rivelava una crescita incompleta (come i bambini che hanno la testa in proporzione più grande). Oggi fortunatamente non vi possono più essere discriminazioni sessuali per legge, per lo meno in America e in Europa. Nel 1991 in America le donne sono state il 15% dei laureati in fisica, il 40% in chimica, il 47% in matematica e in statistica e il 51% in biologia.

73. BUIATTI, CONDIZIONAMENTI POSITIVISTI SULLA BIOLOGIA Translate this page e allora inascoltati ma non solitari precursori, Richard A. Goldschmidt e BarbaraMc clintock (a quest’ultima fu attribuito il premio nobel trent’anni dopo http://www.filosofico.net/Antologia_file/AntologiaB/BUIATTI_ CONDIZIONAMENTI POS

Buiatti, Condizionamenti positivisti sulla biologia In questa lettura il genetista Buiatti sottolinea i pesanti condizionamenti che il positivismo, soprattutto con la componente meccanicista e determinista, esercita ancora nel campo della biologia. Ma l’approccio deterministico al DNA viene sempre piú smentito dall’esperienza, dal momento che questa struttura si sta rivelando instabile. M. Buiatti, Da Mendel all’ingegneria genetica [...] la contrapposizione ideologica di cui sopra, di cui i dati scientifici non erano causa ma voluto e parziale supporto di una controversia del tutto politica, ha gravemente ritardato l’emergere, nella scienza, di concezioni diverse, piú recentemente avvalorate da una crescente quantità di dati. In realtà le due estremizzazioni non sono mai state interamente fatte proprie da nessuna corrente scientifica e rappresentano piuttosto il risultato della scelta esterna di privilegiare punti di osservazione diversi cogliendo di volta in volta i dati utili per confermare opinioni che vengono piú dalla sfera ideologica e politica che da quella della scienza sperimentale. Ciò non toglie che i biologi, a loro volta, siano coscientemente o inconscientemente influenzati da tali opinioni e tendano anch’essi a scegliere ottiche diverse con cui guardare gli esseri viventi. Con il risultato, spesso, di trovare quello che cercano. Come ha fatto lo stesso Mendel che, scegliendo caratteri che si presentavano sotto forme alternative (piselli gialli e verdi, lisci o rugosi ecc.), per poter contare quanti individui presentavano l’una o l’altra forma di generazione in generazione e trovare cosí leggi matematiche generali, ha dimostrato, guarda caso, che i caratteri sono discontinui (alternativi) e si distribuiscono a caso. Cose ambedue vere, ma solo in certi casi, come è stato dimostrato non molto dopo la riscoperta del lavoro dell’abate di Brno. Sintetizzando questi concetti si può quindi dire che, da un lato, la società “sceglie” i dati scientifici ed attribuisce loro valore e spazio diversi nella trasmissione di massa in base ai modelli culturali prevalenti, dall’altro questi ultimi influenzano la scelta dei punti di osservazione della natura da parte dei ricercatori.

74. Winners Of The Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine brought to you by. The nobel Prize Internet Archive. 1997. 1983. BARBARAMC clintock for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. 1982. http://home.uchicago.edu/~llcai/indexpic/NOBEL-Prizes/medicine.html

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winners 1997-1901 also available in alphabetical arrangement brought to you by The Nobel Prize Internet Archive S TANLEY B ... RUSINER for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection The prize was awarded jointly to: P ETER C D ... OHERTY and R OLF M Z ... INKERNAGEL for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence. The prize was awarded jointly to: E DWARD B L ... OLHARD and E RIC F W ... IESCHAUS for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development. The prize was awarded jointly to: A LFRED G G ... ILMAN and M ARTIN R ODBELL for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells. The prize was awarded jointly to: R ICHARD J R ... OBERTS and P HILLIP A S ... HARP for their independent discoveries of split genes. The prize was awarded jointly to: E DMOND H F ... ISCHER and E DWIN G K ... REBS for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism. The prize was awarded jointly to: E RWIN N EHER and B ERT S AKMANN for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells.

75. Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine Winners 2002-1901 nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winners 20001901 Back. 2000 BARBARAMC clintock, for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. 1982 http://gist.ap.nic.in/health/nobel.html

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winners 2002-1901 Back The prize was awarded to DISCOVERIES S YDNEY B RENNER H. ROBERT H ORRITZ and J OHN E.S ULSTON Genetic Regulation of organ development and programmed cell death The prize was awarded to DISCOVERIES L ELAND H.H ARTWELL R.T IMOTHY H UNT and S IR P AUL M. N URSE Key regulators of the cell cycle The prize was awarded to DISCOVERIES A RVID C ARLSSON P AUL G REENGARD and E RIC K ANDEL Signal transduction in the nervous system The prize was awarded to DISCOVERIES G B LOBEL for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell. The prize was awarded jointly to DISCOVERIES R OBERT F F URCHGOTT L OUIS J I GNARRO and F ERID M URAD for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system. The prize was awarded to DISCOVERIES S TANLEY B P RUSINER for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection The prize was awarded jointly to DISCOVERIES P ETER C D OHERTY and R OLF M Z INKERNAGEL for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence.

76. ŵ±´¶û½± nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winners 19991901. 1983. BARBARAMC clintock for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. 1982. http://www.rehabcity.net.cn/changj/yxzj/nobel.htm

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winners 1999-1901 also available in alphabetical arrangement The prize was awarded to: G B LOBEL , for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell. The prize was awarded jointly to: R OBERT F F ... GNARRO and F ERID M URAD for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system. S TANLEY B P ... RUSINER for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection The prize was awarded jointly to: P ETER C D ... OHERTY and R OLF M Z ... INKERNAGEL for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence. The prize was awarded jointly to: E DWARD B L ... OLHARD and E RIC F W ... IESCHAUS for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development. The prize was awarded jointly to: A LFRED G G ... ILMAN and M ARTIN R ODBELL for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells. The prize was awarded jointly to: R ICHARD J R ... OBERTS and P HILLIP A S ... HARP for their independent discoveries of split genes.

77. IntelliGenteMente V5.0 PREMIO nobel PER LA MEDICINA dall'anno 1901 all'anno 2002. 1983, BARBARAMC clintock for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. http://www.intelligentemente.it/nobelmedicina.htm

intelliMondo, il mondo intelligente: intelliGiochi intelliGenteMente intelliLibri HomePage Gli autori Bibliografia Download ... ......intelliGiochi...... ......intelliGenteMente...... ......intelliLibri...... PREMIO NOBEL PER LA MEDICINA dall'anno 1901 all'anno 2002 SYDNEY BRENNER H. ROBERT HORVITZ and JOHN E. SULSTON for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death. LELAND H. HARTWELL R. TIMOTHY HUNT and PAUL M. NURSE for their discoveries of "key regulators of the cell cycle." ARVID CARLSSON PAUL GREENGARD and ERIC KANDEL for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system. GONTER BLOBEL for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell. ROBERT F. FURCHGOTT LOUIS J. IGNARRO and FERID MURAD for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system. STANLEY B. PRUSINER for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection PETER C. DOHERTY

78. Nobel Prize In Medicine Since 1901 http://www.planet101.com/nobel_medi_hist.htm

Nobel Prize in Medicine since 1901 Year Prize Winners Behring, Emil Adolf Von Ross, Sir Ronald Finsen, Niels Ryberg Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Koch, Robert Cajal, Santiago Ramon Y.; Golgi, Camillo Laveran, Charles Louis Alphonse Ehrlich, Paul; Mechnikov, Ilya Ilyich Kocher, Emil Theodor Kossel, Albrecht Gullstrand, Allvar Carrel, Alexis Richet, Charles Robert Barany, Robert Bordet, Jules Krogh, Schack August Steenberger Hill, Sir Archibald Vivian; Meyerhof, Otto Fritz; Banting, Sir Frederick Grant; Macleod, John James Richard; Einthoven, Willem; Fibiger, Johannes Andreas Grib Wagner-Jauregg, Julius Nicolle, Charles Jules Henri Eijkman, Christiaan; Hopkins, Sir Frederick Gowland Landsteiner, Karl Warburg, Otto Heinrich Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas; Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott Morgan, Thomas Hunt Minot, George Richards; Murphy, William Parry; Whipple, George Hoyt Spemann, Hans Dale, Sir Henry Hallett; Loewi, Otto Nagyrapolt, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Von Heymans, Corneille Jean Francois Domagk, Gerhard Dam, Henrik Carl Peter; Doisy, Edward Adelbert Erlanger, Joseph; Gasser, Herbert Spencer

79. GK- National Network Of Education Chemistry. Hoff, Jacobus Henricus Van't, 1901. Fischer, Hermann Emil,1902. Arrhenius, Svante August, 1903. Ramsay, Sir William, 1904. Baeyer http://www.indiaeducation.info/infomine/nobel/nobelarchive.htm

Associated Agencies Booker Prize Winners International Awards World Nations: Famous Industrial Town ... Nobel Prize Winners Nobel Prize Winners Chemistry Literature Medicine Peace ... Economics Chemistry Hoff, Jacobus Henricus Van't Fischer, Hermann Emil Arrhenius, Svante August Ramsay, Sir William Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Von Moissan, Henri Buchner, Eduard Rutherford, Lord Ernest Ostwald, Wilhelm Wallach, Otto Curie, Marie Sabatier, Paul Grignard, Victor Werner, Alfred Richards, Theodore William

80. Nobel-díjasok - Egészségügy + Üzlet Tematikus Portál Élettani és orvosi nobeldíjasok. Magyar, illetve magyar származású nobel-díjasok.Név, Kategória, Év. Kiosztották az orvosi nobel-díjakat - 2002. http://www.euuzlet.hu/nobeldijasok.html

Élettani és orvosi Nobel-díjasok Magyar, illetve magyar származású Nobel-díjasok Név Kategória Év Lénárd Fülöp fizikai Bárány Róbert orvosi Zsigmondy Richárd kémiai Szent-Györgyi Albert orvosi Hevesy György kémiai Békésy György orvosi Wigner Jenõ fizikai Gábor Dénes fizikai Wiesel, Elie béke Polanyi, John C. kémiai Oláh György kémiai Harsányi János közgazd. Kertész Imre irodalmi Szoborparkjuk ( link>> Kiosztották az orvosi Nobel-díjakat - 2002. október 7., hétfõ - Forrás: Stop.hu Sydney Brenner és John E. Sulston brit, valamint H. Robert Horovitz amerikai kutató nyerte az idei orvosi Nobel-díjat. Az indoklás szerint a kitüntetéssel a szervfejlõdés génszabályozásának és a programozott sejthalálnak a kutatásában elért eredményeiket ismerték el. link>> Magyar Hírlap 2001. október 8. (teljes cikk) ,,Orvosi Nobel-díj sejtkutatásért egy amerikainak, két britnek Az idei orvosi Nobel-díjat egy amerikai és két brit kutatónak, Leland H. Hartwellnek, R. Timothy Huntnek és Paul M. Nurse-nek ítélték oda sejtkutatásaikért, amelyek az indoklás szerint új lehetõségeket nyithatnak a rák elleni küzdelemben. A Nobel-díjakat hagyományosan december 10-én, a díjalapító Alfred Nobel halálának évfordulóján adják át. Az idei orvosi Nobel-díj értéke mintegy egymillió euró...'' Év Díjazott(ak) ARVID CARLSSON PAUL GREENGARD és ERIC KANDEL GÜNTER BLOBEL ROBERT F. FURCHGOTT

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