81. Stratospheric Research Leads To Nobel Prize - Ozone Alerts Stratospheric Research Leads to nobel Prize But will the Shield Recover Soon thanthey undoubtedly would have been if there had been no paul crutzen, a Dutchman http://www.niehs.nih.gov/oc/factsheets/ozone/stratos.htm

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - NIEHS Stratospheric Research Leads to Nobel Prize But will the Shield Recover Soon? In the stratospere, the news is bad, but probably would be worse except for an eccentric Dutchman and two Amercians on a mission Even small changes in the ozone layer in the stratosphere have been linked to an increase in skin cancer. Further deterioration could be even more harmful. Indeed, without the ozone layer's filter, life on earth as we know it could not exist. In the 1980s, an ozone hole was found to be forming every spring over Antarctica, where cold, stratospheric temperatures promote the chemical reactions that destroy ozone. Scientists are watching for UV damage to penguins, whales and the vital food chain of fish and other sea creatures, including the microscopic algae (phytoplankton) that are the base food for the undersea food chain. The Arctic has no land mass and is warmer than Antarctica, but an ozone hole now appears over the North Pole as well. However, prospects for life on earth are brighter today than they undoubtedly would have been if there had been no Paul Crutzen, a Dutchman who taught himself chemistry. He dresses eccentrically, showing up for a formal-dress lecture in sandals and open shirt and talking from scribbled notesyet, reported the New York Times, "mesmerizing" his audience. In 1970, Dr. Crutzen showed that the ozone layer is created naturally by the action of sunlight on oxygenand can be destroyed by compounds called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

82. Nobel Prize Winners: Chemistry nobel Prize Winners Chemistry. The descriptions in green are for work that is relevantto high school chemistry Year. Article. 1995. crutzen, paul. The Netherlands. http://www.emsb.qc.ca/laurenhill/science/nobelcm.html

Nobel Prize Winners: Chemistry The descriptions in green are for work that is relevant to high school chemistry Year Article Country* Achievement Hoff, Jacobus Henricus van't The Netherlands laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure Fischer, Emil Germany work on sugar and purine syntheses Arrhenius, Svante Sweden theory of electrolytic dissociation. Arrhenius not only proposed that acids and bases break up into ions, but he used ions to explain neutralization reactions and electrical conductivity of solutions. Ramsay, Sir William U.K. discovery of inert gas elements and their places in the periodic system. Through fractional distillation and spectral analysis of liquid argon from liquid air, Ramsay discovered neon, krypton and xenon. Baeyer, Adolf von Germany work on organic dyes, hydroaromatic compounds Moissan, Henri France isolation of fluorine ; introduction of Moissan furnace By electrolysis of HF, Moissan isolated fluorine and remarked that it could attack even cold silicon, burning it with occasional sparks. Buchner, Eduard

83. FOR- News And Current Events the 100th anniversary of the nobel prize, 100 nobel laureates have Physiology/Medicine,1962 James W. Cronin Physics, 1980 paul J. crutzen Chemistry, 1995 http://www.forusa.org/News/NobelStatement1201.html

Veterans Call to Conscience Phil Berrigan, 12/6/02 No War With Iraq! Israel/Palestine: STOP THE VIOLENCE! ... Nobel Laureates Statement ABOUT THE FOR Become a Member Contact Donate FOR Headquarters ... Vision and Mission Statements PROGRAMS IRAQ Interfaith PeaceBuilders Latin America ... Peace Prizes ACTION NEWS EMAIL Subscribe! FELLOWSHIP MAGAZINE Fellowship Home Page Subscribe Interfaith Peace Quotes ... Writings on Peace LINKS Links to other web sites ONLINE STORE Books Bumper Stickers Calendars Gifts ... Videos Statement of 100 Nobel Laureates OSLO, Norway-December 7, 2001 (OTVNewswire) At the Nobel Peace Prize Centennial Symposium here yesterday celebrating the 100th anniversary of the Nobel prize, 100 Nobel laureates have issued a brief but dire warning of the "profound dangers" facing the world. Their statement predicts that our security depends on immediate environmental and social reform. The following is the text of their statement: THE STATEMENT: The most profound danger to world peace in the coming years will stem not from the irrational acts of states or individuals but from the legitimate demands of the world's dispossessed. Of these poor and disenfranchised, the majority live a marginal existence in equatorial climates. Global warming, not of their making but originating with the wealthy few, will affect their fragile ecologies most. Their situation will be desperate and manifestly unjust.

84. Nobel Prize For Chemistry nobel Prize for Chemistry. and rebuild compounds of carbon and hydrogen 1995 F. SherwoodRowland, Mario Molina (both US), and paul crutzen (Netherlands), for http://www.factmonster.com/ipa/A0105786.html

Huge assortment of web cameras, spycams and live surveillance products - at great prices ! Bargain.com.. Movies , videos with your favorite celebrity ! Magazines, newsletters, stories and pics from around the world! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Arts and Entertainment Awards Nobel Prizes Nobel Prize for Chemistry For years not listed, no award was made. Jacobus H. van't Hoff (Netherlands), for laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions Emil Fischer (Germany), for experiments in sugar and purin groups of substances Svante A. Arrhenius (Sweden), for his electrolytic theory of dissociation Sir William Ramsay (U.K.), for discovery and determination of place of inert gaseous elements in air Adolf von Baeyer (Germany), for work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic combinations Henri Moissan (France), for isolation of fluorine, and introduction of electric furnace

85. UU World Mar/Apr 2002: The Dispossessed, By 100 Nobel Laureates with the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the first nobel prizes Physiology/Medicine,1962 James W. Cronin Physics, 1980 paul J. crutzen Chemistry, 1995 http://www.uua.org/world/2002/02/prophecy.html

reflections See also commentary meditation Contents: March/April 2002 p r o p h e c y The Dispossessed by 100 Nobel Laureates The following statement was released on December 7, 2001, by 100 Nobel Prize winners to coincide with the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the first Nobel prizes. Although the statement began circulating among the laureates last summer, most of them signed it after September 11. The most profound danger to world Peace in the coming years will stem not from the irrational acts of states or individuals but from the legitimate demands of the world's dispossessed. Of these poor and disenfranchised, the majority live a marginal existence in equatorial climates. Global warming, not of their making but originating with the wealthy few, will affect their fragile ecologies most. Their situation will be desperate and manifestly unjust. It cannot be expected, therefore, that in all cases they will be content to await the beneficence of the rich. If then we permit the devastating power of modern weaponry to spread through this combustible human landscape, we invite a conflagration that can engulf both rich and poor. The only hope for the future lies in cooperative international action, legitimized by democracy. It is time to turn our backs on the unilateral search for security, in which we seek to shelter behind walls. Instead, we must persist in the quest for united action to counter both global warming and a weaponized world.

86. CV Of Prof. Dr. Paul J. Crutzen Curriculum Vitae of Prof. Dr. paul J. crutzen. Born 1995 Recipient of the NobelPrize in Chemistry (with Dr. M. Molina and Dr. F. S. Rowland, USA);; http://www.mpch-mainz.mpg.de/~air/crutzen/vita.html

Curriculum Vitae of Prof. Dr. Paul J. Crutzen Born: December, 3, 1933 in Amsterdam, Holland. Family status: Married, two children. Academic Studies: Civil Engineering, 1951-1954, Amsterdam, Holland. Academic Studies and Research Activities 1959-1973 at the University of Stockholm, Sweden. M.Sc. (Filosofie Kandidat), 1963. Ph.D. (Filosofie Licentiat), Meteorology, 1968, Title: "Determination of parameters appearing in the 'dry' and the 'wet' photochemical theories for ozone in the stratosphere", Examiner: Prof. Dr. Bert Bolin, Stockholm, Sweden. D.Sc. (Filosofie Doctor), 1973, Stockholm,Sweden, Title: "On the photochemistry of ozone in the stratosphere and troposphere and pollution of the stratosphere by high-flying aircraft", Promoters: Prof. Dr. John Houghton, FRS, Oxford, and Dr. R.P. Wayne, Oxford. (Ph.D. and D.Sc. degrees were given with the highest possible distinctions). Employment: 1954 - 1958: Bridge Construction Bureau of the City of Amsterdam, Holland. 1956 - 1958: Military Service, The Netherlands. 1958 - 1959: House Construction Bureau (HKB), Gaevle, Sweden.

87. Options - Fall/Winter 1995 - News Besides a common interest in chemistry and engineering, paul crutzen and AlfredNobel, the 1833 born founder of the Prize, also have shared the ability for http://www.iiasa.ac.at/docs/Admin/INF/OPT/Fall95/news.html

IIASA - Options - Fall/Winter 1995 - News News Nobel Prize for three ozone pioneers Paul Crutzen, long time IIASA collaborator, was among the winners. Chemistry laureate at IIASA Besides a common interest in chemistry and engineering, Paul Crutzen and Alfred Nobel, the 1833 born founder of the Prize, also have shared the ability for international exchange, collection and dissemination of knowledge and experience. During the 1980s, Crutzen's frequently came to IIASA where he collaborated intensively with an international and interdisciplinary group of research scholars on a project called Sustainable Development of the Biosphere. The project is documented in a book with the same title first published by Cambridge University Press in 1986 (eds. W. C. Clark and R. E. Munn). Crutzen worked with Thomas Graedel (ATT-Bell Laboratories, USA) to produce a chapter in the book on "The role of atmospheric chemistry in environment-development interactions". In part, the chapter is based on the same work for which Crutzen has now won the Nobel prize. But it says much more. The authors provided explanations for how chemical processes link human activities, such as fossil-fuel combustion, agriculture, and industrial production, to important properties of the atmosphere. Paul Crutzen's work with IIASA continues. Today, he plays an important role as a member of IIASA's Steering Committee on Global Environmental Change.

88. Nobel Prize Winner At Tech nobel Prize winner at Tech. By Greg Keisel Campus Life Staff. ProfessorPaul crutzen has won this years nobel Prize for Chemistry. http://cyberbuzz.gatech.edu/nique/issues/fall1995/nov17/campus3-s.html

TOP OF ISSUE TOP OF SECTION PREVIOUS STORY NEXT STORY Nobel Prize winner at Tech By Greg Keisel Campus Life Staff Professor Paul Crutzen has won this years Nobel Prize for Chemistry. The prize was awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for his contributions to atmospheric chemistry. He shares this honor (and the $1 million award) with Mario Molina and F. Sherwood Rowland. Dr. Crutzen's work has focused on atmospheric modeling. According to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, he is currently the "world's leading researcher in mapping the chemical mechanisms that determine the ozone content at these levels." He has modeled the causes of the twin dangers of too much ozone in the lower atmosphere (troposphere) and too little ozone in the upper atmosphere (stratosphere) each raises the earth's temperature. In 1970 he worked for CIAP, the Department of Transportation's program to evaluate the effect of supersonic aircrafts on the atmosphere. His results showed that the nitrous oxide released into the atmosphere from the soil by bacteria decomposes into niric acid, which in turn reacts with ozone to create nitrous oxide and oxygen. He was the first to show that actions on the surface greatly effected the stratosphere (where the ozone layer is located). He also showed that the SST fleet would dump dangerous levels of nitrogen oxides into the ozone layer.

89. SMS Honorary Member Crutzen 6 2001, at the Meteorological Institute of the Stockholm University, the 1995 Nobellaureate in chemistry, paul J. crutzen, was installed as Honorary Member of http://www.emetsoc.org/sms_honorary_member_crutzen.html

Paul J. Crutzen, Honorary Member of the Swedish Meteorological Society At the meeting of the Swedish Metorological Society, Dec. 6 2001, at the Meteorological Institute of the Stockholm University, the 1995 Nobel laureate in chemistry, Paul J. Crutzen, was installed as Honorary Member of the Swedish Meteorological Society. The meeting was opened by the Dean of the Faculty of Science, prof. Henning Rodhe. He welcomed the participitants and gave a short account of Crutzen's earlier work at the Institute of Meteorology. Then Crutzen gave a talk: The importance of the tropics in atmospheric chemistry and climate: Major impacts by human acivities. An overview of the history of atmospheric ozone research shows that in the isothermal stratosphere the vertical exchange is damped and an accumulation of ozon is promoted. During the last few decades we have learnt much about the complicated chemical processes that create and destroy ozone in the atmosphere. For several reasons the tropics and subtropics are of major importance in global atmospheric chemistry: - the tropics and subtropics occupy a major part of the earth - the atmosphere's oxidizing power is largely determined by the reactivity of the hydroxyl radicals. Due to the high solar ultraviolet radiation, this reaches a maximium in the tropics

90. Global 500 The Global 500. Roll of honour. For the environmental achievement. NOBELPRIZE WINNER paul crutzen RECEIVES. UN ENVIRONMENT AWARD. NAIROBI http://www.unep.org/newdraft/unep/per/ipa/g500/nr96-17.htm

The Global 500 Roll of honour For the environmental achievement NOBEL PRIZE WINNER PAUL CRUTZEN RECEIVES UN ENVIRONMENT AWARD NAIROBI, 29 May 1996 The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) today announced that Professor Paul Joseph Crutzen, a 1995 Nobel Prize winner from The Netherlands, has been elected to its Global 500 Roll of Honour for advancing the environmental cause, and for his significant contributions to environmental research and to rational political discussions that have lead to enhanced environmental protection measures. In 1969, Paul Crutzen was the first to propose that nitrogen oxides (NOx), some of which could be produced by human activities including nuclear explosions and the operation of high-flying aircraft, are capable of destroying stratospheric ozone catalytically. This work led directly to a large expansion in research efforts on the stability of the ozone layer and to the identification of further threats from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). In 1973, Crutzen opened the field of tropospheric chemistry by demonstrating through theory that a rich variety of chemical reactions must occur, driven by sunlight. Some of these reactions are more intense in polluted regions while some proceed in remote, unpolluted regions. In this research, he demonstrated the central role of NOx gases in human-caused high-temperature combustion processes. He was a leader in mapping out the response of the stratospheric aerosol particles that can affect Earth's climate.

91. International: Italiano: Scienze: Chimica: Chimici_e_Ricercatori: Crutzen,_Paul Translate this page In tutta la Directory. http://open-site.org/International/Italiano/Scienze/Chimica/Chimici_e_Ricercator

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project Pagina Principale Aggiungi Contenuti Diventa Editore In tutta la Directory Solo in Chimici_e_Ricercatori/Crutzen,_Paul Top International Italiano Scienze ... Chimici e Ricercatori : Crutzen, Paul Vedi anche: International: Italiano: Societ : Strutture Sociali: Persone: Biografie: Premio Nobel Questa Categoria ha bisogno di un Editore - Richiedila Open Site Code 0.4.1 modifica

92. Nobel Prize In Chemistry Since 1901 http://www.planet101.com/nobel_chemistry_hist.htm

Nobel Prize in Chemistry since 1901 Year Winners Hoff, Jacobus Henricus Van't Fischer, Hermann Emil Arrhenius, Svante August Ramsay, Sir William Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Von Moissan, Henri Buchner, Eduard Rutherford, Lord Ernest Ostwald, Wilhelm Wallach, Otto Curie, Marie Grignard, Victor; Sabatier, Paul Werner, Alfred Richards, Theodore William Willstatter, Richard Martin Haber, Fritz Nernst, Walther Hermann Soddy, Frederick Aston, Francis William Pregl, Fritz Zsigmondy, Richard Adolf Svedberg, The Wieland, Heinrich Otto Windaus, Adolf Otto Reinhold Euler-chelpin, Hans Karl August Von; Harden, Sir Arthur Fischer, Hans Bergius, Friedrich; Bosch, Carl Langmuir, Irving Urey, Harold Clayton Joliot, Frederic; Joliot-Curie, Irene Debye, Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Haworth, Sir Walter Norman; Karrer, Paul Kuhn, Richard Butenandt, Adolf Friedrich Johann; Ruzicka, Leopold De Hevesy, George Hahn, Otto Virtanen, Artturi Ilmari Northrop, John Howard; Stanley, Wendell Meredith; Sumner, James Batcheller Robinson, Sir Robert Tiselius, Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Giauque, William Francis

93. National Chemistry Week - Articles - Atmospheric Chemists Win 1995 Nobel Prize I The 1995 nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three atmospheric chemists, PaulCrutzen (Dutch), Director of the Atmospheric Chemistry Department of the Max http://www.cheminst.ca/ncw/articles/1997EC_nobel_e.html

Articles Experiments Trivia Handbook ... NCW Info Atmospheric Chemists Win 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry The 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three atmospheric chemists, Paul Crutzen (Dutch), Director of the Atmospheric Chemistry Department of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany; Mario Molina (American), Martin Professor of Environmental Sciences in the Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA and F. Sherwood Rowland (American), Bren Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Irvine, CA, for their work on the forma- tion and decomposition of ozone. Ozone (O ), a harmful compound at ground level, is scattered thinly throughout the layer of the atmosphere called the stratosphere. This layer is also known as the ozone layer. Ozone is formed when ultra-violet tradiation from the sun splits an oxygen molecule, O , into two atoms which then join with another oxygen molecule to form O

94. Premio Nobel De Química 2000 - Diario De Yucatán concerniente a la formación y descomposición del ozono . Mario J. Molina. http://www.yucatan.com.mx/especiales/nobel2000/quimica.asp

Premios Nóbel 2000 El Premio Nóbel en Química La Química es una de las cinco áreas que menciona Alfred Nóbel en su testamento. Este premio deberá ser dado a "quien haya realizado el mejor descubrimiento o mejoramiento químico". La Academia Real Sueca de Ciencias es la encargada de elegir al ganador anual. Ganadores 1981 - 1999 Ahmed H. Zewail "por sus estudios en la transición de estados de las reacciones químicas utilizando un espectroscopio femtosegundo" Walter Kohn "por su desarrollo de la teoría densidad-funcional" John A. Pople "por su desarrollo de métodos computacionales en química cuántica" Paul D. Boyer "por su explicación del mecanismo enzimático que yace bajo la síntesis de la adenosina trifosfato (ATP)" John E. Walker

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