21. (IUCr-Crystallographers Online) An Obituary Of Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin By M. Vi 12, 1910, in Cairo where her father, John crowfoot, was then The nobel Prize has alreadybeen referred to. This is true about dorothy hodgkin to a large measure http://www.iucr.org/cww-top/his.hodgkin.html

Crystallographers Online An obituary of Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin by M. Vijayan An outstanding scientist and great humanist Professor Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, who passed away on July 30, 1994, at the age of 84, was an outstanding scientist, great humanist and above all a splendid human being. Among her peers in the scientific community, there would have been others who were respected as much as Dorothy was but perhaps none who was loved more than she was. Dorothy was born on May 12, 1910, in Cairo where her father, John Crowfoot, was then serving with the Egyptian Ministry of Education. She had most of her secondary education at Sir John Leman School in Beccles, Suffolk, England. Subsequently, she joined Sommerville College at Oxford in 1928. At a time when very few women studied science subjects, she took her basic degree in Chemistry. It was during this period that Dorothy carried out her first X-ray studies, those on thallium dialkyl halides, with H.M. Powell. While at Cambridge, Dorothy, along with Bernal, was also involved in X-ray measurements on sterols which she continued in Oxford. She and her associates determined the structures of a number of steroids including cholesterol, over the years.

22. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin ©THE nobel FOUNDATION 1964. nobel Lecture The XRay Analysis Of ComplicatedMolecules by dorothy crowfoot hodgkin British Chemist/nobel Laureate. http://gos.sbc.edu/h/ch/ch.html

THE NOBEL FOUNDATION Nobel Lecture The X-Ray Analysis Of Complicated Molecules by Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin British Chemist/Nobel Laureate December 11, 1964 at Stockholm Concert Hall, Stockholm, Sweden A series of lucky accidents (a chance meeting on a train between an old friend of mine, Dr. A.F. Joseph and Professor Lowry was one) took me to Cambridge to work with J.D. Bernal in 1932. There our scientific world ceased to know any boundaries. In a sub-department of Mineralogy, changed during my stay into one of Physics, we explored the crystallography of a wide variety of natural products, the structure of liquids and particularly water, Rochelle salt, isomorphous replacement and phase determination, metal crystals and pepsin crystals, and speculated about muscular contraction. Our closest friends were biologists and biochemists. I left Cambridge with great reluctance to try to settle down academically and to try to solve at least one or two of the many problems we had raised. I do not need here to give a detailed account of the theoretical background of structure analysis by the X-ray diffraction of crystals since this was done long ago by W. L. Bragg

23. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin - Figure 13b And C ©THE nobel FOUNDATION 1964. crowfoot hodgkin nobel Lecture Figure13b and c. Fig. 13b and c. Back to crowfoot hodgkin Lecture. http://gos.sbc.edu/h/ch/chfig13bc.html

THE NOBEL FOUNDATION Crowfoot Hodgkin Nobel Lecture - Figure 13b and c Fig. 13b and c. Back to Crowfoot Hodgkin Lecture

24. Zeal.com - United States - New - Library - Sciences - Chemistry - Chemists - Hod hodgkin_dorothy_crowfoot Profiles the life and career of nobel and Orderof Merit winner dorothy crowfoot hodgkin. Contributed by Dfsg . 19. http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=331376

25. News Releases Work Of Nobel-prize Winning Scientist Dorothy building from 19561994 and at other times elsewhere in the Oxford Science Area,Professor dorothy crowfoot hodgkin (1910-1994) OM, FRS, nobel Laureate, led http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/010509.1.shtml

26. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin nobel and Order of Merit Winner dorothy crowfoot hodgkin (19101994)dorothy crowfoot hodgkin had two primary interests in her life http://writetools.com/women/stories/hodgkin_dorothy_crowfoot.html

27. HODGKIN, DOROTHY CROWFOOT hodgkin, dorothy crowfoot. Chemist (1910 1994) She won the nobel prize in 1964in chemistry for her determination by x-ray techniques of the structure of http://www.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/HODGKIN.html

HODGKIN, DOROTHY CROWFOOT Chemist (1910 - 1994) She won the Nobel prize in 1964 in chemistry "for her determination by x-ray techniques of the structure of biologically important molecules. An obituary for Dr. Hodgkin can be found in the May 1995 issue of the magazine "Physics Today" published by the American Institute of Physics. Return to Homepage

28. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, Obituary Written By Jenny P. Glusker And Margaret J. A Obituary Reprinted from Physics Today, May, 1995 dorothy crowfoot hodgkin, solewinner of the 1964 nobel Prize in Chemistry, died at her home in Ilmington http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/vitaminb12/hodgkin.htm

Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (1910-1994) Obituary - Reprinted from Physics Today, May, 1995 Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, sole winner of the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, died at her home in Ilmington, England, on 29 July 1994. She won the Nobel Prize "for her determination by x-ray techniques of the structures of biologically important molecules." The molecular structures that she determined include those of cholesteryl iodide, penicillin, vitamin B , vitamin B coenzyme and the protein hormone insulin. Her achievements included not only these structure determinations and the scientific insight they provided but also the development of methods that made such structure determinations possible. Dorothy Crowfoot, born on 12 May 1910 in Cairo, Egypt, obtained her first degree in chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford. Her x-ray crystallographic career started with her studies of thallium dialkyl halides with Herbert M. (Tiny) Powell in the department of mineralogy and crystallography at Oxford. She obtained a PhD at Cambridge University in 1937, working from 1932 to 1936 with John Desmond Bernal, who reinforced her lifelong interest in structural biochemistry. In 1934 Bernal and Crowfoot first reported on the diffraction pattern of a protein crystal, pepsin, pointing out that protein crystals should not be dried but should be studied surrounded by their mother liquor (the standard method used since that time). The air-dried crystals gave very poor, if any, diffraction patterns, while those surrounded by mother liquor diffracted well.

29. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin dorothy hodgkin (born crowfoot) was awarded the nobel prize in chemistry in 1964 for her determination by Xray techniques of the structures of important http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2001/bolger/hodgkin.htm

Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Dorothy Hodgkin (born Crowfoot) was awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1964 "for her determination by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances", one of only three women ever to do so in the 100 year history of the prize. The other awardees were Marie Curie in 1911 and her daughter Iréne Joliot-Curie in 1935. She made huge advances in the method of structure determination of large organic molecules using X-ray techniques and went on to determine the structures of many substances. These included penicillin, for which it was essential that its composition be known so that it and similar antibiotics could be synthesised for medical use. She also overcame hostility and prejudice in a male dominated field to become a leader and innovator in the use of X-ray techniques. She was named a fellow of the Royal Society, Britain's leading scientific organisation in 1947 and was awarded the Order of Royal Merit by Queen Elizabeth II in 1965, the first woman to be bestowed this honour since Florence Nightingale. Next

30. WiP: Herstory: Spotlight Scientist: Dorothy Hodgkin Vijayan, M. An Obituary of dorothy crowfoot hodgkin. ; Photograph of dorothyhodgkin when she received the nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1964. http://www.physics.purdue.edu/wip/herstory/hodgkin.html

What Is WiP? What is Women in Physics? Constitution Who Is WiP? Officers and Members Join WiP Why Should I Join? Meetings Next Meeting Meeting Minutes Activities What Is ScienceScape? Physics FunFests Other Activities Resources WiP Links WiP Office The WiP T-shirt! HTML Resource ... Spotlight Scientist Dorothy Hodgkin (November 1998) Vital Life Statistics D orothy Hodgkin was born in Cairo, Egypt, on May 12, 1910. Her parents were both archaeologists working there at the time. She spent most of her schooling time at Sir John Leman School in Beccles, Suffolk, England. I n 1928, she joined Sommerville College at Oxford. Then she moved to Cambridge in 1932 to work with J.D. Bernal for her doctorate degree. After finished her degree, she returned to Oxford in 1934. Three years later, she married historian Thomas Hodgkin. S he studied the structure of penicillin during the 1940s. After discovering that, she began work on vitamin B12, which prevents and cures anaemia. Throughout this time, Hodgkin also worked on the structure of insulin. Finally, she discovered the structure of insulin, then proceeded to study its many forms. H odgkin worked to educate people about science and make it more popular throughout her life. She also exerted tremendous influence on science internationally. She traveled around the world, and people from many different nations worked on projects with her.

31. Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot dorothy hodgkin in her laboratory, 1964. née crowfoot (b. May 12, 1910, Cairo,Egyptd. July 29, 1994 of vitamin B 1 2 brought her the 1964 nobel Prize for http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/273_38.html

Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot, Dorothy Hodgkin in her laboratory, 1964 Hulton Deutsch Collection/Corbis CROWFOOT (b. May 12, 1910, Cairo, Egyptd. July 29, 1994, Shipston-on-Stour, Warwickshire, Eng.), English chemist whose determination of the structure of vitamin B brought her the 1964 Nobel Prize for Chemistry While at Somerville College, Oxford (1928-32), Hodgkin began her crystallographic studies. While studying for her doctorate at the University of Cambridge in the mid-1930s, she and a coworker took the first X-ray diffraction photograph of the protein pepsin, and somewhat later she made a survey of the sterols. She returned to Oxford as a tutor in 1935, and in 1937 she married the writer and lecturer Thomas L. Hodgkin. She continued to teach at Oxford, eventually becoming emeritus professor there as well as Wolfson research professor of the Royal Society (1960-77), chancellor of Bristol University (1970-88), and fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford (1977-82). From 1942 to 1949 Hodgkin worked on a structural analysis of penicillin. She and her colleagues made the first X-ray photograph of vitamin B , one of the most complex nonprotein compounds, in 1948, and eventually they completely determined its atomic arrangement. She completed a similar three-dimensional analysis of insulin in 1969. Hodgkin received the Order of Merit in 1965.

32. Nobel Prize Winners G-I hodgkin, dorothy Mary crowfoot, 1964, chemistry, UK, determining the structureof biochemical compounds essential in combating pernicious anemia, http://www.britannica.com/nobel/win_g-i.html

Article Year Category Country* Achievement Literary Area Gabor, Dennis physics U.K. invention of holography Gajdusek, D. Carleton physiology/medicine U.S. studies of origin and spread of infectious diseases Galsworthy, John literature U.K. novelist literature Colombia novelist, journalist, social critic peace Mexico Gasser, Herbert Spencer physiology/medicine U.S. researches on differentiated functions of nerve fibres Gell-Mann, Murray physics U.S. classification of elementary particles and their interactions Gennes, Pierre-Gilles de physics France discovery of general rules for behaviour of molecules Giaever, Ivar physics U.S. tunneling in semiconductors and superconductors Giauque, William Francis chemistry U.S. behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures literature France novelist, essayist Gilbert, Walter chemistry U.S. development of chemical and biological analyses of DNA structure Gilman, Alfred G. physiology/medicine U.S. discovery of cell signalers called G-proteins Gjellerup, Karl Adolph literature Denmark novelist Glaser, Donald A.

33. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin - The British Chemist With A Worldwide Perspective - Su dorothy crowfoot hodgkin received a nobel Prize in 1964 for her determinationby Xray techniques of the structures of important biological substances. http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/14014/97240

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34. Biographies Of Scientists - Suite101.com 25 Dec 2002 dorothy crowfoot hodgkin The British Chemist with a Worldwide Perspectivedorothy crowfoot hodgkin received a nobel Prize in 1964 for her http://www.suite101.com/welcome.cfm/biographies_scientists

Topics Articles Links BEST OF WEB ONLINE COURSES COMMUNITIES BOOK CIRCLE ... MY SUITE Search Within: Biographies of Scientists Education Suite101.com Member Central Join Our Community! Login Member Update What's New ... TravelSuite Suite University About Suite University Suite University News Visit the University Course Listing ... Featured Courses New Topics Family Recipes Management of Manufacturers' Representatives Entertainment: Being a Clown Sports Car Racing ... More... Suite Events Spring Into Health! Earth Day 2003 War and Peace More about Suite101 About Suite101.com - Select a related topic - African-American Home Sch Biographies of Scientists Celtic Internet Resources Christian Home Education Creative Writing Graduate Distance Education Extra-solar Planets Foreign Language Acquisit Homeschooling Preschool a Librarians and Informatio Magazine Reviews Making Learning FUN! Math is fun Redefining Education Science Surfing Social and Emotional Lear Teachers Using Technology Teaching Computers To Chi Teaching Creative Writing Welsh Language - Select a related course - Advanced Stenciling Adventures in Impressioni Awesome Grades in Math an Creating Dynamic Unit Stu Cure Your Math Anxiety: B Homeschooling Your Specia How to Start Homeschoolin Learning a Second Languag Teaching Writing to Child Teaching Writing to Child Understanding Poetry Visual Literacy - A Cours Visit Education Detailed Topic List Home Science and mathematics ... Historical, geographic, persons treatment

35. Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot hodgkin, dorothy crowfoot (19101994). hodgkin was the first to use a computer toanalyse the molecular structure of complex nobel Prize for Chemistry 1964. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/H/HodgkinD/1.htm

Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot English biochemist who analysed the structure of penicillin, insulin, and vitamin B12. Hodgkin was the first to use a computer to analyse the molecular structure of complex chemicals, and this enabled her to produce three-dimensional models. Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1964. Crowfoot was born in Cairo and educated at Oxford. At Cambridge 1932-34 she developed the technique of X-ray investigation to the point at which it became a very useful analytical method; she then returned to Oxford until 1970, when she became chancellor of Bristol University. Hodgkin studied the structures of calciferol (vitamin D2), lumisterol, and cholesterol iodide, the first complex organic molecule to be determined completely by X-ray crystallography.

36. Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 hodgkin, dorothy Mary crowfoot. 1910–94, English chemist and Xray crystallographer,b. Egypt. She received the 1964 nobel Prize in chemistry for determining http://www.bartleby.com/65/ho/Hodgkin.html

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37. Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The Englis hodgkin, dorothy Mary crowfoot. DATES 1910–1994. Egyptianborn British chemist.She won a 1964 nobel Prize for determining the structure of compounds needed http://www.bartleby.com/61/5/H0230500.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary Hodgkin, Sir Alan Lloyd ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition.

38. INFORMATION About Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin July 30, 1994 Professor dorothy crowfoot hodgkin Vice President 1992 Royal Societyinstitutes dorothy hodgkin Fellowships for Postage stamp; nobel prize winner; http://bca.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/bca/obits/CVS/DCH.html

Information about Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Dorothy Hodgkin born Cairo May 12, 1910 died Oxfordshire July 30, 1994 Professor Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Vice President 1992 - 1996, presenting the 1st Dorothy Hodgkin prize on the occasion of her 80th birthday. Former BCA Vice President Royal Society institutes Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowships for young researchers in June 1995 Collected Works in 3 volumes published 1996 Commemorative Postage stamp Nobel prize winner Program for the Memorial Meeting July 1996 and report Memories of Memorial address Dorothy Hodgkin by Max Perutz Dorothy Hodgkin by M.Vijayan Remembering Dorothy Hodgkin by Anne Sayre List of books about her Prize and Prize lecturers Royal Society of Chemistry Landmark plaque erected in Oxford in May 2001 to commemmorate her scientific acheivements. web site: http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~cwp/ AIP Contributions of women to Physics in 20th century, including crystallographers such as Dorothy Hodgkin This file last updated 31 Dec 2000 BCA Home page WebMaster BCA@ISISE.RL.AC.UK

39. A Science Odyssey: People And Discoveries: Dorothy Hodgkin Though born in the twentieth century, dorothy crowfoot hodgkin had a When hodgkingraduated from Oxford in 1932, jobs were and in 1964 won the nobel Prize in http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bmhodg.html

Dorothy Hodgkin Though born in the twentieth century, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin had a typical late-nineteenth century upbringing. She was born in Cairo, Egypt, then a British colony. When Hodgkin was four, the family was back in England and World War I broke out. The parents returned to Egypt, leaving the children with family and governesses for four years. Hodgkin found an interest in chemistry and crystals, a popular hobby for women of leisure in the 1800s. But on her sixteenth birthday, she received a book by William Henry Bragg (a Nobelist in physics) about using x-rays to analyze crystals. She had found her life's work. When Hodgkin graduated from Oxford in 1932, jobs were scarce. She found a position in an x-ray crystallography lab studying biological crystals. This technique helped tease out the structure of molecules. Though diagnosed at age 24 with rheumatoid arthritis, she became one of the most skilled crystallographers of her time. In Cambridge and later at Oxford, she always chose projects that no one else thought quite possible. She ran into Ernst Chain one day, who was beaming from his recent animal trials of

40. Nat'l Academies Press, Nobel Prize Women In Science: (2001), 10 Dorothy Crowfoot nobel prize women, nobel prize, dorothy crowfoot hodgkin, prize women, crowfoothodgkin, x rays pass, x rays, minister margaret thatcher, dorothy hodgkin http://www.nap.edu/books/0309072700/html/225.html

Nobel Prize Women in Science: Their Lives, Struggles, and Momentous Discoveries, Second Edition Joseph Henry Press ( JHP Related Books CHAPTER SELECTOR: Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-xii 1 A Passion for Discovery, pp. 1-8 2 Marie Sklodowska Curie, pp. 9-36 3 Lise Meitner, pp. 37-63 4 Emmy Noether, pp. 64-90 5 Gerty Radnitz Cori, pp. 91-116 7 Barbara McClintock, pp. 144-174 8 Maria Goeppert Mayer, pp. 175-200 9 Rita Levi-Montalcini, pp. 201-224 10 Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, pp. 225-253 11 Chien-Shiung Wu, pp. 254-278 12 Gertrude Belle Elion, pp. 279-302 13 Rosalind Elsie Franklin, pp. 303-331 14 Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, pp. 332-354 15 Jocelyn Bell Burnell, pp. 355-377 Afterword, pp. 406-407 Notes, pp. 408-429 Picture Acknowledgments, pp. 430-432 Index, pp. 433-459 About the Author, pp. 460-460 GO TO PAGE: TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE PRINTABLE PDF IMAGE CHAPTER PAGE PURCHASE OPTIONS PAPERBACK You may want to explore these Related Books CHAPTER SELECTOR: Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-xii 1 A Passion for Discovery, pp. 1-8 2 Marie Sklodowska Curie, pp. 9-36

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